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| {{update|date=April 2022}}
| | #REDIRECT [[North Andhra]] |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
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| {{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
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| {{Infobox settlement
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| | name = Uttarandhra
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| | settlement_type = Region of [[Andhra Pradesh]]
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| | image_skyline = Mukhalingeshwara temple , srimukhalingam srikakulam.jpg
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| | image_caption = Srimukhalingam
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| | image_map =
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| | map_caption = Uttar Andhra region in Andhra Pradesh is Highlighted in the map
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| | coordinates =
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| | subdivision_type = Country
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| | subdivision_name = India
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| | subdivision_type1 = State
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| | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|Districts]]
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| | subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
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| | subdivision_name2 = {{ubl|[[Alluri Sitharama Raju district|Alluri Sitharama Raju]]|[[Anakapalli district|Anakapalli]]|[[Parvathipuram Manyam district|Parvathipuram Manyam]]|[[Srikakulam district|Srikakulam]]|[[Visakhapatnam district|Visakhapatnam]]|[[Vizianagaram district|Vizianagaram]]}}
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| | established_title = <!-- Established -->
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| | established_date =
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| | unit_pref = Metric
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| | area_footnotes =
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| | parts_style = coll
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| | p1 =
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| | area_total_km2 = 23,537
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| | elevation_footnotes =
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| | elevation_m =
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| | population_footnotes =
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| | population_total = 9,338,177
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| | population_as_of =
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| | population_density_km2 =
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| | demographics_type1 = Languages
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| | demographics1_title1 = Official
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| | demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
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| | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
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| | utc_offset1 = +05:30
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| | postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] -->
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| | postal_code =
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| | registration_plate =
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| | blank1_name_sec1 = Largest city
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| | blank1_info_sec1 = [[Visakhapatnam]]
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| | website =
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| | other_name = {{ubl|Kalinga Andhra|North Andhra}}
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| }}
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| [[File:Megalithic Dolmen at Dannanapeta 03.jpg|thumb|250px|Megalithic Dolmen of [[Iron Age]] period at Dannanapeta near [[Amudalavalasa]]]]
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| [[File:Evening scenic view in peddipalem village of Visakhapatnam District.jpg|thumb|250px|Evening scenic view in peddipalem village of [[Visakhapatnam District]]]]
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| '''Uttarandhra''', also known as '''Kalinga Andhra''' or '''North Andhra''',<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XumoDQAAQBAJ&q=165&pg=PA165|title=Social Economy of Development in India|last=Chalam|first=K. S.|date=2016-11-24|publisher=SAGE Publications India|isbn=9789385985126|pages=165|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/Indefatigable-talent/article16076672.ece|title=Indefatigable talent|last=Subrahmanyam|first=Velcheti|date=2016-10-20|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-06-06|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> is a region consisting of six northern districts of the [[States and union territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It comprises the districts of [[Srikakulam District|Srikakulam]], [[Parvathipuram Manyam district|Parvathipuram Manyam]], [[Vizianagaram District|Vizianagaram]], [[Visakhapatnam District|Visakhapatnam]], [[Alluri Sitharama Raju district|Alluri Sitharama Raju]] and [[Anakapalli district|Anakapalli]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Uttarandhra-in-a-State-of-Plenty-Penury/2014/06/02/article2258988.ece|title=Uttarandhra in a State of Plenty, Penury|website=The New Indian Express|access-date=2016-05-08}}</ref> As of [[2011 Census of India|2011 census of India]], the region with six districts has a population of 9,338,177.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Abstract Andhra Pradesh, 2018 |url=https://core.ap.gov.in/CMDashBoard/Download/Publications/Statistical%20Abstract%202018.pdf |website=CORE Dashboard |publisher=Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Andhra Pradesh |access-date=6 June 2019 |location=[[Gollapudi, Vijayawada|Gollapudi]], [[Vijayawada]] |page=10 }}</ref>
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| The region is in the extreme Northeast of Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The region is skirted to a distance by Kandivalasagedda, Vamsadhara and Bahuda at certain stretches of their courses white a line of heights of the great Eastern Ghats run from North East. [[Kakinada district|Kakinada]] and [[East Godavari]] Districts flanks in the southwest while [[Odisha]] bounds it on the north and [[Bay of Bengal]] on the South and the East. [[Visakhapatnam]] is the largest city of the region in terms of population and area. However Uttarandhra is a part of [[Coastal Andhra]] region.{{Citation needed|date= March 2020}}
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| [[File:West Entrance of the Vizianagaram fort in Andhra Pradesh.jpg|thumb|250px|West Entrance of the Vizianagaram fort in Andhra Pradesh]]
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| [[File:Vizianagaram Montage.png|thumb|250px|Vizianagaram Montage]]
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| ==History==
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| The present north coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh were once part of the Kalinga region. [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]] is a historical [[List of regions of India|region of India]]. It is generally defined as the [[Eastern coastal plains|eastern coastal region]] between the [[Mahanadi]] and the [[Godavari]] rivers, although its boundaries have fluctuated with the territory of its rulers. The core territory of Kalinga now encompasses a large part of [[Odisha]] and northern part of [[Andhra Pradesh]].
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| ===Early and Medieval history===
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| The [[Kalinga (Mahabharata)|Kalingas]] have been mentioned as a major tribe in the legendary text ''[[Mahabharata]]''. In the 3rd century BCE, the region came under [[Mauryan Empire|Mauryan]] control as a result of the [[Kalinga War]]. [[Ashoka]] annexed the kingdom after the final battle near the Dhauli hills, the capital Sisupalgarh fell to the Mauryas. After the war, Buddhism prospered in Kalinga and spread to other south eastern regions through maritime trade routes. After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, the region came under the control of the [[Mahameghavahana dynasty|Mahameghavahana]] family, whose king [[Kharavela]] described himself as the "supreme Lord of Kalinga".{{sfn|Dineschandra Sircar|1971|p=167}}
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| After several wars with Satavahanas and other kingdoms, the Kalinga dynasty crumbled and divided into small independent kingdoms. The Gupta ruler Samudragupta sensed an opportunity and invaded the kingdom. Kalinga came under [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] suzerainty in the 4th century CE after his invasion, the kingdom got united and reclaimed its glory. They ruled the region from [[Mukhalinga]] and [[Dantapura]] of Northern Andhra. After the Gupta withdrawal, it was ruled by several minor dynasties. These included the [[Vasishtha dynasty|Vasishthas]], the [[Mathara dynasty|Matharas]], and the [[Pitrbhakta dynasty|Pitrbhaktas]].{{sfn|Snigdha Tripathy|1997|p=219}}
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| The last [[Eastern Ganga dynasty|Eastern Ganga]] ruler Bhanudeva IV was dethroned by [[Kapilendra Deva]] in 1435. This event marked the foundation of the [[Gajapati Empire]] that ruled over the regions of [[Utkala Kingdom|Utkala]] (North Odisha) and Kalinga (South Odisha, North Andhra Pradesh). [[Prataparudra Deva]] was the last great king of the [[Suryavamsi Gajapati dynasty|Suryavamsi Gajapatis]] and soon after his death his minister [[Govinda Vidyadhara]] usurped the throne by murdering the last two Gajapati scions. The fall of the Gajapati Empire meant the independence of their many tributary and feudal states.
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| Evidently, a tributary kingdom called Nandapur ruled by the [[Solar dynasty|Suryavamsa]] dynasty that arrived in the region in 13th century from [[Kashmir Valley|Kashmir]].{{sfn|Mohanty|2013|}} The king of this little kingdom was [[Vishwanatha Deva Gajapati]] who began expanding his kingdom in the southern region of Odisha and northern region of Andhra. In 1545, he sent his military commander and the chief of [[Kasimkota]], Mukunda Harichandana to conquer the northern plains of Odisha which were under control of the weak [[Bhoi dynasty]] of Govinda Vidyadhara.{{sfn|KBS Singh|1939|p=26}}
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| Govinda Vidyadhara signed a truce with Vishwanatha Deba and was granted the status of a tributary state. Mukunda Harichandana was appointed as the minister in order to seek full control over the region, however, he later assassinated the last two Bhoi heirs and declared himself as the new king of Utkala. Nevertheless, Kalinga was still ruled by the Suryavamsi kings until they were defeated and became a [[Vassal]] of the [[Golconda]] [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Qutb Shahi]] during the reign of Balarama Deva, who failed to control the vast dominion of his predecessor, Vishwanatha Gajapati.{{sfn|Dutt|2009|p=43}} His successors ruled over the region as 'Maharajah of Kalinga' until the feud of Ramachandra Deva I and Balarama Deva III which marked the end of their domination over Kalinga.{{sfn|Dutt|2009|p=44}} They came to be known as [[Kingdom of Jeypore|Jeypore Samasthanam]].
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| ===Modern history===
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| In 1674, Vishwambhar Dev of [[Kingdom of Jeypore|Jeypore kingdom]] defeated the [[Faujdar]] of [[Chicacole]] (Srikakulam), appointed by the Qutb Shahi Sultans and claimed an independent semi-monarchy over the Circars.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Senapati|first=N.|date=1966|title=Orissa district gazetteers : Koraput|url=http://indianculture.gov.in/gazettes/orissa-district-gazetteers-koraput|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-03|website=INDIAN CULTURE|page=66 - 69|language=en}}</ref> Aurangzeb conquered Golconda in 1687 and the Circars along with the Qutb Shahi Sultanate were annexed to the extensive empire of [[Aurangzeb]]. However, the first two Faujdars appointed by the Mughals were defeated and slain in the battlefield by the Maharaja of Jeypore, Raghunath Krishna Dev, who continued to rule claiming independent control over the region until his death in 1708.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Deo Kumar Bidyadhar Singh|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.209240|title=Nandapur A Forsaken Kingdom Part-i|date=1961|edition=Second|pages=69}}</ref> The successor of Raghunath Krishna proved to be an inefficient ruler and as a result lost a vast territory of the Circars. However, the kings of Jeypore continued to rule their decreased kingdom independently until the advent of the British in 1777. The British destroyed the fort of Jeypore and granted them a demoted status of a [[Zamindar]]i.
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| In 1724, [[Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan]] was appointed the governor of Hyderabad, with the title ''Nizam al Mulk''. He came to be known as the [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], its ''de facto'' ruler. The fourth Nizam [[Salabat Jang]], a son of the Nizam al Mulk, who was indebted for his elevation to the throne to the [[French East India Company]], granted the circars to the French in return for their services. In 1759, through the conquest of the fortress of [[Masulipatnam]], the maritime provinces from the river [[Gundlakamma River|Gundlakamma]] to the [[Chilka Lake]] were transferred from the French to the [[British East India Company|British]]. But the British left them under the administration of the [[Nizam]], with the exception of Masulipatnam, a valuable port, which was retained by the British.
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| In 1765 Lord [[Robert Clive]] obtained from the Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]] a grant of the five Circars. The fort of Kondapalli was seized by the British as an opening move. On 12 November 1766 a treaty of alliance was signed with [[Nizam Ali Khan]] by which the British undertook to maintain troops for the Nizam's assistance. By a second treaty, often referred to as the ''Treaty of Masulipatnam'', signed on 1 March 1768, the Nizam acknowledged the validity of Shah Alam's grant and resigned the Circars to the British East India Company, receiving as a mark of friendship an annuity of £50,000. Finally, in 1823, the claims of the Nizam over the Northern Circars were bought outright by the Company, and they became a British possession.<ref>[http://heavydutytravel.blogspot.com/2012/10/in-context-northern-circars.html The History of Vizag]</ref> The Northern Circars were governed as part of [[Madras Presidency]] until India's independence in 1947, after which the presidency became India's Madras State.
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| ===Post independence===
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| {{See also|Andhra State|Vishalandhra Movement|United Andhra Pradesh}}
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| In an effort to gain an independent state based on linguistic identity, and to protect the interests of the Telugu-speaking people of [[Madras State]], [[Potti Sreeramulu]] fasted to death in 1952. As Madras became a bone of contention, in 1949 a JVP committee report stated: "Andhra Province could be formed provided the Andhras give up their claim on the city of Madras [now Chennai]". After Potti Sreeramulu's death, the Telugu-speaking area of [[Andhra State]] was carved out of [[Madras State]] on 1 October 1953, with [[Kurnool]] as its capital city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/hist-cult/history_post.html#Emergence |title=Post-Independence Era, then and now |publisher=aponline.gov.in |access-date=3 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220113947/http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/hist-cult/history_post.html |archive-date=20 December 2013 }}</ref> On the basis of the [[Gentlemen's Agreement of 1956|gentlemen's agreement]] of 1 November 1956, the [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|States Reorganisation Act]] formed [[United Andhra Pradesh (1956-2014)|combined Andhra Pradesh]] by merging Andhra State with the Telugu-speaking areas of the already existing [[Hyderabad State]].<ref name="Know Hyderabad">{{cite web |title=Know Hyderabad: History |url=http://hyderabadonline.in/Profile/History/ |publisher=Pan India Network |year=2010 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921144224/http://hyderabadonline.in/Profile/History/ |archive-date=21 September 2010 }}</ref> Hyderabad was made the capital of the new state.
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| In February 2014, the [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014]] bill was passed by the [[Parliament of India]] for the formation of the [[Telangana]] state comprising [[List of districts of Telangana|ten districts]]. [[Hyderabad]] will remain as a joint capital for not exceeding ten years.<ref name="reorganisation">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiacode.nic.in/acts2014/6%20of%202014.pdf|title=The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014|date=1 March 2014|website=India Code Legislative Department|publisher=Ministry of Law and Justice|page=2|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034307/http://www.indiacode.nic.in/acts2014/6%20of%202014.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015|access-date=14 July 2015}}</ref> The new state of Telangana came into existence on 2 June 2014 after approval from the [[President of India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Telangana-State-to-Be-Born-on-June-2/2014/03/04/article2090470.ece|title=Telangana state formation gazette|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=14 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706093144/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Telangana-State-to-Be-Born-on-June-2/2014/03/04/article2090470.ece|archive-date=6 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Number of petitions questioning the validity of Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 is long pending for the verdict since April 2014 before the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] constitutional bench.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/south/supreme-court-refers-telangana-petitions-to-constitution-bench-492795|title=Supreme court refers Telangana petitions to constitution bench|publisher=NDTV|access-date=17 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129042049/http://www.ndtv.com/article/south/supreme-court-refers-telangana-petitions-to-constitution-bench-492795|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| In 2017, Andhra Pradesh Government began operating from the newly planned capital city [[Amaravati]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Andhra Pradesh To Get New Capital Amaravati Today, PM Modi To Inaugurate|url=https://www.ndtv.com/andhra-pradesh-news/pm-modi-to-inaugurate-andhra-pradeshs-new-capital-amaravati-today-1235078|access-date=9 March 2021|work=NDTV|date=22 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=P|first=Ashish|date=2 March 2017|title=Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu inaugurates new Andhra Pradesh Assembly|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/new-andhra-pradesh-assembly-chandrababu-naidu-velagapudi-guntur-district-963618-2017-03-02|access-date=9 March 2021|work=India Today|language=en}}</ref> In August 2020, [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] passed [[Andhra Pradesh Decentralisation and Inclusive Development of All Regions Act, 2020]]. According to its provisions, [[Visakhapatnam]] is the [[Executive (government)|executive]] capital while [[Amaravati]] and [[Kurnool]] serve as [[Legislature|legislative]] and [[Judiciary|judicial]] capitals, respectively.<ref name="3caps">{{Cite news|title=YS Jaganmohan Reddy's three-capital plan on track as Andhra Pradesh governor gives nod to two bills|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/vijayawada/ys-jaganmohan-reddys-three-capital-plan-on-track-as-andhra-pradesh-governor-gives-nod-to-two-bills/amp_articleshow/77296660.cms}}</ref> The decision resulted in widespread [[2019–2020 Amaravati protests|protests by the farmers of Amaravati]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sudhir|first1=Uma|date=13 January 2020|title=Won't Celebrate Harvest Festival, Say Amaravati Farmers Amid Protests|work=NDTV|url=https://www.ndtv.com/andhra-pradesh-news/amaravati-farmers-protesting-over-andhra-pradesh-capital-proposal-say-wont-celebrate-sankranti-2163126|access-date=28 February 2021}}</ref> The act has been challenged in [[Andhra Pradesh High Court]], which ordered to maintain status quo until the court completes its hearing.
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| == Geography ==
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| [[Nagavali River]] rises in the eastern slopes of the Eastern Ghats near Lakhbahal in the Kalahandi district of Odisha at an elevation of about 1,300 metres. The total length of the river is about 256 km, of which 161 km are in Odisha and the rest in Andhra Pradesh. The catchment area of the basin is 9,510 square km. Nagavali is an interstate river with 4462 km2 and 5048 km2 river basin area located in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh respectively. The river basin receives 1000 mm average rain fall annually. The uplands of the river basin are hilly areas with predominantly tribal populated. It drains parts of the Kalahandi, Rayagada and Koraput districts of Odisha and Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Visakhapatnam districts of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>[[Nagavali River]]</ref> [[Vamsadhara River]] originates in the border of Thuamul Rampur in the Kalahandi district and Kalyansinghpur in Rayagada district of Odisha and runs for a distance of about 254 kilometers, where it joins the Bay of Bengal at Kalingapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The total catchment area of the river basin is about 10,830 square kilometers.<ref>[[Vamsadhara River]]</ref>
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| '''Climate'''
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| South West Monsoon : 1000–1100 mm. Temperatures range from Max. 33-36 °C & Min. 26-27 °C. Red soils and Black soils with clay base, Pockets of acidic soils, laterite soils, Soils with PH 4-5.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://apshm.ap.nic.in/Agri_Climatic_Zones.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130915063255/http://apshm.ap.nic.in/Agri_Climatic_Zones.html#2 |archive-date=15 September 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
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| == Economy ==
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| === Agriculture ===
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| Major crops grown in this region are Rice, Black gram, Green gram, Groundnut, Sugarcane, Sesame, Pearl millet, Mesta, finger millets, Horse gram.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dacnet.nic.in/farmer/new/dac/AgroClimaticZones.asp?SCod=01|title=Agro Climatic Regions in Andhra Pradesh}}</ref> This region is home to many co-operative sugar factories, jute mills, cashew processing industries.
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| Visakha Dairy is second biggest co-operative dairy in India.
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| === Industries ===
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| [[Visakhapatnam]] is the biggest city of the region and is placed 10th among the top 15 cities contributing to [[India]]'s overall [[Gross domestic product]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Sat 3 Nov 2012, 8:24 PM IST – India Markets closed |url=http://in.finance.yahoo.com/photos/the-top-15-indian-cities-by-gdp-1348807591-slideshow/the-top-15-indian-cities-by-gdp-photo-1348807049.html |title=India's top 15 cities with the highest GDP Photos | Pictures – Yahoo! India Finance |publisher=In.finance.yahoo.com |date=2012-09-28 |access-date=2012-11-03}}</ref>
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| The industrial city, Visakhapatnam has contributed a GDP of $26 billion. The city is home for various state owned heavy industries and a steel plant.
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| {{bulleted list
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| |[[Visakhapatnam Steel Plant]] a leading Central PSU under the Ministry of Steel is the first shore based Integrated Steel Plant in the country.
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| |[[Visakhapatnam Port]] is one of the major port in India.
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| |[[HPCL Visakh Refinery|Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited]] is one of the two oil refineries of [[HPCL]] in India<ref>[[Visakhapatnam Refinery]]</ref>
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| |[[Hindustan Shipyard Limited]] (HSL) is a shipyard located in Visakhapatnam on the east coast of India.<ref>[[Hindustan Shipyard]]</ref>
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| |[[Naval Dockyard (Visakhapatnam)]]
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| |[[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited]], Visakhapatnam
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| |[[Gangavaram Port]], Visakhapatnam
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| |[[Simhadri Super Thermal Power Station]]
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| }} | | }} |
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| [[File:Weaving,ponduru,march25.png|thumb|250px|Weaving at Ponduru]]
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| [[Palasa-Kasibugga]] is the center of cashew industries in the Srikakulam district.
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| [[Ponduru]] hand-loom where the finest khadi is woven. [[Jute mill]]s and dairy products industry like Visakha Dairy contribute to the economy of the region<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visakhadairy.com/default.asp|title=Visakhadairy-Home Page}}</ref>
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| == Politics ==
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|
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| The parliament constituencies of Uttarandhra are
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| *[[Araku (ST) (Lok Sabha constituency)|Araku]]
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| *[[Srikakulam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Srikakulam]]
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| *[[Vizianagaram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vizianagaram]]
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| *[[Visakhapatnam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Visakhapatnam]]
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| *[[Anakapalli (Lok Sabha constituency)|Anakapalli]]
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|
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| == Education ==
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|
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| === Central Universities ===
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|
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| * [[Central Tribal University of Andhra Pradesh]], Vizianagaram
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|
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| === Universities ===
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| [[File:Andhra University Entrance Gate.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.]]
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| * [[Andhra University]], Visakhapatnam
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| * [[Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University - Gurajada, Vizianagaram]]
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| * [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Srikakulam]]
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| * [[GITAM]] University, Visakhapatnam
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|
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| === Medical colleges ===
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|
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| * [[Andhra Medical College]], Visakhapatnam
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| * [[Government Medical College, Srikakulam]].
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| * [[Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management|Gitam Institute of Medical Science and Research]], Visakhapatnam
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| * Maharaja Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram
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| * NRI Institute of Medical Sciences, Visakhapatnam
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| * Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital, Srikakulam.
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|
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| === Central Institutions ===
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|
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| * [[Indian Institute of Management Visakhapatnam]]
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| * [[Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy]]
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| * [[Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University]]
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| * [[Indian Maritime University]]
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| * [[Kalam Institute of Health Technology]], Visakhapatnam
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|
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| == Culture ==
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|
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| === Cuisine ===
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| {{more citations needed section|date=June 2018}}
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| Cuisine of this area still has its own distinctive flavours and unique taste, while it shares many similarities with the Andhra region cuisine. While Visakhapatnam district has its own distinct dialect and cuisine, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam a slight difference in taste compared to rest of Andhra Pradesh.
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| Visakhapatnam has a different dialect and cuisine compared to vizianagaram and Srikakulam.
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|
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| Mostly in Vizianagaram and Srikakulam, they like to eat many of their foods really sweet unlike other regions of Andhra Pradesh. While most of the cuisine is very spicy, they often cook lentils in jaggery (referred to as Bellam pappu) enjoyed with butter and steamed rice.
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| They cook vegetables in gravies of Menthipettina Kura (Fenugreek seed paste), Avapettina Kura (mustard seed paste), Nuvvugunda Kura (sesame seed paste), etc. Ullikaram is another popular dish where vegetables or corn seeds are flavored in shallots or onion paste.
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| While regular Andhra fare like Idli, Dosa, Upma, Poori etc.. are common in the region, Pesarattu topped with onions and ginger, served with allam chutney is a favourite Breakfast item. Pesara Punugulu with ulli chutney is a popular item in visakha region.
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| Patoli is a favorite breakfast time or festive time dish in Srikakulam. Patoli is soaked up split black chickpeas (Senagapappu or Chana Dal) ground to a coarse paste and seasoned in coriander seeds, onions and at times with [[cluster beans]] (Goruchikkudukayi). Uppupindi is coarsely Broken Rice [[upma]] steamed with vegetables and tempering seeds. This dish is had during festive days when people would fast during the day and have it at night.
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| Inguva charu is a stew popular among adults and kids, is a sour and sweet stew made with [[Tamarind]] and [[Asafoetida]] (Inguva) It can be had with rice or uppupindi. Bellam pulusu is another highly flavored thick sweet stew made out of rice flour, [[Jaggery]] (cane sugar), corn cobs and whole Shallots. Madugula Halwa is a very unique and famous variety of Halwa from Visakha region.
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| == Notable personalities ==
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|
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| *[[Alluri Sitarama Raju]] (Freedom fighter)
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| *[[Chowdary Satyanarayana]] (Freedom fighter, Politician, Rights Activist)
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| *[[Tenneti Viswanadham]] (Freedom fighter and politician)
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| *[[Kandala Subrahmanya Tilak]] (Indian lawyer, Socialist leader, Indian freedom activist and Parliamentarian)
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| *[[Gouthu Latchanna]] (veteran freedom fighter)
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| *[[Gurazada Apparao]] (Social reformer)
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| *[[Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu]] (violinist)
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| *[[Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthy]] (doyen of Spoken Telugu movement)
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| *[[Srirangam Srinivasarao]] (Poet)
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| *[[Aarudhra]] (poet, lyricist, songwriter, translator & writer)
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| *[[Ajjada Adibhatla Narayana Dasu]] ( poet, musician, dancer, linguist and philosopher)
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| *[[Rachakonda Viswanatha Sastry]] (Writer)
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| *[[Lanka Sundaram]] (Indian parliamentarian and an expert in international law)
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| *Lieutenant Colonel Sir Vijay Ananda Gajapathi Raju (a.k.a. [[Maharajkumar of Vizianagram]]) (Indian cricketer)
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| *[[Yalaka Venugopal Rao|Venugopal Rao]](cricketer)
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| *[[P. Susheela]] ( Padma Bhushan awarded Singer)
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| *[[Gollapudi Maruti Rao]]
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| *[[Trinadh Rao Nakkina]] (movie director)
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| *[[Sirivennela Sitaramasastri]] (Cine Lyricist)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/inter_sirivennela.html|title=Telugu Cinema Etc – Idlebrain.com}}</ref>
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| *[[Sarath Babu]] (Tollywood movie actor)
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| *[[Puri Jagannadh]] (movie director)
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| *[[Parasuram (director)|Parasuram]] (movie director)
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| *[[Siva Nirvana]] (movie director)
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| *[[P.J.Sudhakar]] (highest number of degrees holder)
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| *[[Ramana Gogula]]
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| *[[Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao]] (founder chairman of GMR Group)
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| *[[Kodi Rammurthy Naidu]] (Indian bodybuilder, ''Kaliyugi Bhima'')
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| *[[Karnam Malleswari]] (Indian weightlifter, Olympic medallist)
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| * Puripanda Appalswamy, (Writer and Poet)
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| * Tha DhrmaRao, (Writer)
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| * Prof K.S.Chalam, Member, (Union Public Service Commission, Former V.C, Dravidian University and writer)
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| * Kalipatnam Raarao, (Kathanilayam)
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| * Balivada KanthaRao, (writer)
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| * Korra Mallyya, (Freedom Fighter)
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| * Visakha Varman, (King of Madhya Kalinga)
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| *[[Chaganti Somayajulu]] (Telugu story writers)
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| *[[Vulimiri Ramalingaswami]] FNASC, FRAMS, FRS (London) (Eminent pathologist and Ex Director AIIMS New Delhi and ICMR)
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| *Padma Sri [[Hilda Mary Lazarus]] B.A., MBBS, FRCS (Christian missionary and popular gynecologist and obstetrician)
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| *[[Vaddadi Papaiah]] (artist)
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| *Mahamahopadhyaya, Padma Bhushan [[Nookala Chinna Satyanarayana]] (classical vocalist and musicologist)
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| *[[Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao]] (Indian physicist best known for his work on Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR))
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| *[[John Louis Nayar]] (Abhinava Saigal)(freedom-fighter, physician, singer, dancer and a humorist),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/06/16/stories/2003061601440400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030821144615/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/06/16/stories/2003061601440400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2003-08-21|work=[[The Hindu]]|title=A versatile personality}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baynews.in/vizag-special/vizagites-%E2%80%98dil-toot-gaya%E2%80%99|title=Vizagites 'dil toot gaya' - Bay News – Vizag News Online}}</ref>
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| *[[Pingali Nagendrarao]] (legendary script writer, playwright and lyricist)
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| * Padma Bhushan [[Sripada Pinakapani]] (medical doctor, administrator, professor in medicine, and carnatic musician)
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| *[[Raja Abel]] (Tollywood movie actor)
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| *[[Rashmi Gautam]] (Tollywood movie actress)
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| *[[Anisha Ambrose]] (Tollywood movie actress)
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| *[[Ipsita Pati]] (actress)
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| *[[Zarina Wahab]] (actress)
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| *[[Devika Rani]] (Indian film actress)
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| *[[Mallikarjuna Rao (actor)|Mallikarjuna Rao]] (Tollywood actor)
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| *[[G.Anand]] (cine playback singer and music director)
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| *[[J.V. Somayajulu]] (Indian theatre and film actor)
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| *[[E. L. Quirk]] (founder of [[Quirk Memorial Baptist Church]], Resapuvanipalem, Visakhapatnam)
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| *[[S. Rajeswara Rao]] (composer)
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| *
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|
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| === Anglo Indians Born in Uttarandhra ===
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| *[[Edward Hay Mackenzie Elliot]] ( Governor of New Zealand)
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| *[[Arthur Luard]] (English cricketer)
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| *[[George William Forbes Playfair]] (British businessman and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong)
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|
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| == Tourism ==
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| [[File:Vb194.jpg|thumbnail|right|Statue of Radha-Krishna on Beach Road]]
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|
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| Visakhapatnam city has a range of tourist attractions including beaches, hilltop parks facing the sea, a beach road, a zoological park and wildlife sanctuary, a submarine museum, hill stations, limestone caves, mountain ranges and valleys. [[Araku Valley]] is a hill station.
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| Reservoirs like [[Meghadri gedda]], [[Mudasarlova]], [[Thatipudi reservoir]] and water falls at Devarapalli, Duduma waterfall and other water falls near Araku valley. Karlakonda Ava( fresh water lake).Devipuram near sabbavara. Hillstations like Lambasingi and adventure games at Sitampeta in Srikakulam.
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|
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| == Religious Destinations ==
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| [[File:Simhachalam-temple-2 big.jpg|thumbnail|right|Simhachalam Temple]]
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|
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| {{bulleted list
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| |[[Simhachalam Temple]]
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| |[[Nookambika Temple]] (Anakapalle)
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| |[[Arasavalli Sun Temple]]
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| |[[Kurmanathaswamy temple, Srikurmam]]
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| |[[Sri Kanaka Maha Lakshmi Temple]]
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| |[[Ramateertham]]
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| |[[Mukhalingam]]
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| |[[Pydithallamma Temple]] (Vizianagaram)
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| |[[Upamaka Venkateshwara Swamy Temple]]
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| }}
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|
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| == Transport ==
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|
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| [[National Highway 16 (India)|NH16]] and [[National Highway 26 (India)|NH 26]] passes through most of the Uttarandhra towns.<ref>[[National Highway 43 (India)]]</ref> The [[East Coast Railway]] serves Srikakulam, Vizianagaram District, and part of Visakhapatnam district including Visakhapatnam City and remaining under [[South Central Railway zone]]. [[Visakhapatnam Airport]] is a customs airport situated in the region. [[Visakhapatnam Port]], [[Gangavaram Port]] are the major seaports. Some minor ports are at [[Bhavanapadu]], [[Kalingapatnam]], [[Bheemunipatnam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apports.in|title=For Andhra Pradesh Department of Ports}}</ref>
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|
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Coastal Andhra]]
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| * [[Rayalaseema]]
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|
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| == References ==
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| {{Reflist|30em}}
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|
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| {{coord missing|Andhra Pradesh}}
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| {{Andhra Pradesh}}
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| [[Category:Uttarandhra| ]]
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| [[Category:Coastal Andhra]]
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| [[Category:Regions of Andhra Pradesh]]
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| [[Category:Proposed states and union territories of India]]
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