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| {{multiple issues|{{disputed|date=May 2018}}
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| {{cleanup|reason=Duplicated entries, some have political parties and unneeded specificity|date=April 2021}}
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| {{Dynamic list}}
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| {{party politics}}
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| {{basic forms of government}}
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| {{Economic systems sidebar}}
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| In [[social studies]], a [[political ideology]] is a certain set of [[Ethics|ethical]] [[Ideal (ethics)|ideals]], [[principle]]s, [[doctrine]]s, [[myth]]s or [[symbol]]s of a [[social movement]], [[institution]], [[Social class|class]] or [[Social group|large group]] that explains how [[society]] should work and offers some political and cultural [[blueprint]] for a certain [[social order]]. A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate [[Power (sociology)|power]] and to what ends it should be used. Some [[Political party|political parties]] follow a certain ideology very closely while others may take broad inspiration from a group of related ideologies without specifically embracing any one of them. An ideology's popularity is partly due to the influence of [[moral entrepreneur]]s, who sometimes act in their interests. Political ideologies have two dimensions: (1) goals: how society should be organized; and (2) methods: the most appropriate way to achieve this goal.
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| An ideology is a collection of ideas. Typically, each ideology contains certain ideas on what it considers to be the best [[Forms of government|form of government]] (e.g. [[autocracy]] or [[democracy]]) and the best [[economic system]] (e.g. [[capitalism]] or [[socialism]]). The same word is sometimes used to identify both an ideology and one of its main ideas. For instance, socialism may refer to an economic system, or it may refer to an ideology that supports that economic system. The same term may also refer to multiple ideologies, which is why political scientists try to find consensus definitions for these terms. For example, while the terms have been conflated at times, [[communism]] has come in common parlance and in academics to refer to [[Soviet-type economic planning|Soviet-type regimes]] and [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] ideologies, whereas socialism has come to refer to a wider range of differing ideologies which are most often distinct from Marxism–Leninism.<ref>Roberts, Andrew (2004). [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/slavic-review/article/state-of-socialism-a-note-on-terminology/4C742B00BE0D00ED3F0BE855097DE5F7 ''The State of Socialism: A Note on Terminology'']. Cambridge University Press. 63 (2). 349–366.</ref>
| | == Anarchism (kinds of ideologies) == |
| | {{main|Anarchism}} |
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| Political ideology is a term fraught with problems, having been called "the most elusive concept in the whole of social science".<ref>D. McLellan, ''Ideology'', [[University of Minnesota Press]], 1986, p. 1.</ref> While ideologies tend to identify themselves by their position on the [[political spectrum]] (such as the [[Left-wing politics|left]], the [[Centrism|centre]] or the [[Right-wing politics|right]]), they can be distinguished from political strategies (e.g. [[populism]] as it is commonly defined) and from [[Single-issue politics|single issues]] around which a party may be built (e.g. [[civil libertarianism]] and [[Pro-Europeanism|support]] or [[Euroscepticism|opposition to European integration]]), although either of these may or may not be central to a particular ideology. Several studies show that political ideology is heritable within families.<ref>Bouchard, T. J.; McGue, M. (2003). "Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences". ''Journal of Neurobiology''. 54 (1). 44–45.</ref><ref>Eaves, L. J.; Eysenck, H. J. (1974). "Genetics and the development of social attitudes". ''Nature''. 249, 288–289.</ref><ref>Hatemi, P. K.; Medland, S. E.; Morley, K. I.; Heath, A. C.; Martin, N. G. (2007). "The genetics of voting: An Australian twin study". ''Behavior Genetics''. 37 (3). 435–448.</ref><ref>Hatemi, P. K.; Hibbing, J.; Alford, J.; Martin, N.; Eaves, L. (2009). "Is there a 'party' in your genes?". ''Political Research Quarterly''. 62 (3). 584–600.</ref><ref>Settle, J. E.; Dawes, C. T.; Fowler, J. H. (2009). "The heritability of partisan attachment". ''Political Research Quarterly''. 62 (3). 601–613.</ref> | | === Political internationals === |
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| The following list is strictly alphabetical and attempts to divide the ideologies found in practical political life into several groups, with each group containing ideologies that are related to each other. The headers refer to the names of the best-known ideologies in each group. The names of the headers do not necessarily imply some hierarchical order or that one ideology evolved out of the other. Instead, they are merely noting that the ideologies in question are practically, historically, and ideologically related to each other. As such, one ideology can belong to several groups and there is sometimes considerable overlap between related ideologies. The meaning of a political label can also differ between countries and political parties often subscribe to a combination of ideologies.
| | * Anarkismo ([[platformism]] and [[especifismo]]) |
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| {{TOC limit|3}}
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| == Anarchism ==
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| {{Anarchism sidebar}}{{main|Anarchism}}
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| {{See also|Anarchism and issues related to love and sex}}
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| [[File:Anarchy-symbol-red&black.svg|thumb|Anarchy symbol]]
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| {{further|Anarchist schools of thought|Glossary of anarchism|Outline of anarchism}}
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| ; Political internationals
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| * Anarkismo ([[platformism]] and [[specifism]]) | |
| * [[International of Anarchist Federations]] ([[synthesis anarchism]]) | | * [[International of Anarchist Federations]] ([[synthesis anarchism]]) |
| * [[International Confederation of Labor]] ([[anarcho-syndicalism]] and [[revolutionary syndicalism]])
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| * [[International Union of Anarchists]] ([[anarcho-communism]]) | | * [[International Union of Anarchists]] ([[anarcho-communism]]) |
| * [[IWA–AIT|International Workers' Association]] ([[anarcho-syndicalism]]) | | * [[International Workers' Association]] ([[anarcho-syndicalism]]) |
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| === Classical === | | === Classical === |
| {{main|Classical anarchism}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Individualist anarchism]] | | * [[Individualist anarchism]] |
| ** [[Egoist anarchism]] | | ** [[Egoist anarchism]] |
| *** [[The Right to Be Greedy|Communist egoism]]
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| *** [[Illegalism]] | | *** [[Illegalism]] |
| **** [[Expropriative anarchism]] | | **** [[Expropriative anarchism]] |
| ** [[Existentialist anarchism]] | | ** [[Existentialist anarchism]] |
| ** [[Philosophical anarchism]] | | ** [[Philosophical anarchism]] |
| * [[Libertarianism#Etymology|Libertarianism]]
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| ** [[Left-libertarianism#Definition|Left-libertarianism]]
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| *** [[Libertarian socialism]]
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| * [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]] | | * [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]] |
| * [[Social anarchism]] | | * [[Social anarchism]] |
| ** [[Anarcho-communism]] | | ** [[Anarcho-communism]] |
| | *** [[Magonism]] |
| | **** [[Neozapatismo]] |
| ** [[Anarcho-syndicalism]] | | ** [[Anarcho-syndicalism]] |
| | *** [[Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics|Wobblyism]] |
| ** [[Collectivist anarchism]] | | ** [[Collectivist anarchism]] |
| }}
| | *** [[Russian nihilist movement]] |
| | **** [[Narodniks|Narodnik agrarian populism]] |
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| === Post-classical === | | === Post-classical === |
| {{main|Post-classical anarchism}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarcha-feminism]] | | * [[Anarcha-feminism]] |
| * [[Anarchism without adjectives]] | | * [[Anarchism without adjectives]] |
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| ** [[Anarcho-naturism]] | | ** [[Anarcho-naturism]] |
| ** [[Anarcho-primitivism]] | | ** [[Anarcho-primitivism]] |
| ** [[Communalism (Bookchin)|Communalism]] | | ** [[Communalism]] |
| *** [[Eco-communalism]] | | *** [[Democratic confederalism]] |
| *** [[Libertarian municipalism]] | | *** [[Libertarian municipalism]] |
| *** [[Social ecology (Bookchin)|Social ecology]] | | *** [[Social ecology (Bookchin)|Social ecology]] |
| ** [[Veganarchism]] | | ** [[Veganarchism]] |
| * [[Insurrectionary anarchism]] | | * [[Insurrectionary anarchism]] |
| * [[Makhaevism]] | | * [[Panarchism]] |
| * [[Platformism]] | | * [[Platformism]] |
| | ** [[Especifismo]] |
| ** [[Makhnovism]] | | ** [[Makhnovism]] |
| ** [[Specifism]]
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| }}
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| === Contemporary === | | === Contemporary === |
| {{main|Contemporary anarchism}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarcho-transhumanism]] | | * [[Anarcho-transhumanism]] |
| | * [[Antifa movements]] |
| * [[Black anarchism]] | | * [[Black anarchism]] |
| | * [[Crypto-anarchism]] |
| * [[Free-market anarchism]] | | * [[Free-market anarchism]] |
| | ** [[Agorism]] |
| | ** [[Anarcho-capitalism]] |
| | ** [[Left-wing market anarchism|Free-market socialism]] |
| | * [[National-anarchism]] |
| * [[Post-anarchism]] | | * [[Post-anarchism]] |
| * [[Post-colonial anarchism]] | | * [[Postcolonial anarchism]] |
| * [[Post-left anarchism]] | | * [[Post-left anarchism]] |
| * [[Queer anarchism]] | | * [[Queer anarchism]] |
| }}
| | * [[Anarcho-fascism]] |
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| === Opposition === | | === Religious variants === |
| * [[Anarchism#Criticism|Anti-anarchism]]
| | {{main articles|Religious anarchism|Anarchism and religion}} |
| * [[Authoritarianism]]
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| === Religious variants ===
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| {{main|Religious anarchism|Anarchism and religion}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Buddhist anarchism]] | | * [[Buddhist anarchism]] |
| * [[Christian anarchism]] | | * [[Christian Anarchism|Christian anarchism]] |
| ** [[Catholic Worker Movement]]
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| ** [[Diggers]] | | ** [[Diggers]] |
| ** [[Tolstoyan movement]] | | ** [[Tolstoyan movement]] |
| * [[Religious anarchism|Hindu anarchism]]
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| * [[Islamic anarchism]] | | * [[Islamic anarchism]] |
| * [[Jewish anarchism]] | | * [[Jewish anarchism]] |
| ** [[Anarchism and Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish anarchism]]
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| }}
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| === Regional variants === | | == Communism == |
| {{main|List of anarchist movements by region}}
| | {{main|Communism|Marxist communism}} |
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| ==== African ====
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| {{main|Anarchism in Africa}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarchism in Algeria|Algeria]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Egypt|Egypt]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Morocco|Morocco]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Nigeria|Nigeria]]
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| * [[Anarchism in South Africa|South Africa]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Tunisia|Tunisia]]
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| }}
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| ==== American ====
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| {{main|History of anarchism#Americas|l1=Anarchism in America}} | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[List of anarchist movements by region#Anarchism in South America|Latin America]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Argentina|Argentina]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Bolivia|Bolivia]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Brazil|Brazil]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Chile|Chile]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Colombia|Colombia]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Cuba|Cuba]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Ecuador|Ecuador]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in French Guiana|French Guiana]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Mexico|Mexico]]
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| *** [[Neozapatismo|Neo-Zapatism]]
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| *** [[Magonism]]
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| *** [[Zapatismo|Zapatism]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Venezuela|Venezuela]]
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| * [[List of anarchist movements by region#Anarchism in North America|North America]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Canada|Canada]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in the United States|United States]]
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| *** [[Individualist anarchism in the United States|Individualist anarchism]]
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| }}
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| ==== Asian ====
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| {{main|Anarchism in Asia}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarchism in Armenia|Armenia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]
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| * [[Anarchism in China|China]]
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| ** [[Anarchism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
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| * [[Anarchism in East Timor|East Timor]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Egypt|Egypt]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Georgia|Georgia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in India|India]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Indonesia|Indonesia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Israel|Israel]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Japan|Japan]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Korea|Korea]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Malaysia|Malaysia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Mongolia|Mongolia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in the Philippines|Philippines]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Singapore|Singapore]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Syria|Syria]]
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| ** [[Democratic confederalism]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Turkey|Turkey]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Vietnam|Vietnam]]
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| }}
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| ==== European ====
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| {{main|Individualist anarchism in Europe|l1=Anarchism in Europe}}
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarchism in France|France]]
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| ** [[Individualist anarchism in France|Individualist anarchism]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Germany|Germany]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Greece|Greece]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Iceland|Iceland]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Ireland|Ireland]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Italy|Italy]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Monaco|Monaco]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Poland|Poland]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Romania|Romania]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Russia|Russia]]
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| ** [[Narodnism]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Spain|Spain]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Sweden|Sweden]]
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| * [[Anarchism in Ukraine|Ukraine]]
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| * [[Anarchism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
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| }}
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| ==== Oceanian ====
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| {{main|List of anarchist movements by region#Anarchism in Oceania|l1=Anarchism in Oceania}}
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| * [[Anarchism in Australia|Australia]]
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| * [[Anarchism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
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| == Authoritarianism ==
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| {{main|Authoritarianism}}
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| === General ===
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Absolute monarchy|Absolute monarchism]]
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| * [[Autocracy]]
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| ** [[Caudillismo]]
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| * [[Despotism]]
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| ** [[Soft despotism]]
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| * [[Dictatorship]]
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| ** [[Benevolent dictatorship]]
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| ** [[Constitutional dictatorship]]
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| ** [[Dictablanda]]
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| ** Family dictatorship
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| ** [[Military dictatorship]]
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| *** [[Stratocracy]]
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| ** [[Right-wing dictatorship]]
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| * [[Imperialism]]
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| ** [[Civilizing mission]]
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| ** [[Colonialism]]
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| *** [[Exploitation colonialism]]
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| *** [[Internal colonialism]]
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| *** [[Neocolonialism]]
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| *** [[Settler colonialism]]
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| **** [[Lebensraum]]
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| **** [[Manifest destiny]]
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| ** [[Cultural imperialism]]
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| *** [[Linguistic imperialism]]
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| ** [[Expansionism]]
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| * [[Kraterocracy]]
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| ** [[Mafia state]]
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| * [[Managerial state]]
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| * [[Ochlocracy]]
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| * [[Oligarchy]]
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| * [[One-party state]]
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| ** [[Communist state]]
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| * [[Plutocracy]]
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| ** [[Corporatocracy]]
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| * [[Police state]]
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| ** [[Counterintelligence state]]
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| * [[Soft authoritarianism]]
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| * [[Soft despotism]]
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| * [[Totalitarianism]]
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| ** [[Totalitarian democracy]]
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| * [[Transnational authoritarianism]]
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| }}
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| === Other ===
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Criticism of democracy|Anti-democratism]]
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| * [[Authoritarian capitalism]]
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| ** [[Corporate capitalism]]
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| ** [[Corporate republic]]
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| ** [[State capitalism]]
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| * [[Authoritarian socialism|Authoritarian communism]]
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| ** [[Leninism]]
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| *** [[Stalinism]]
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| *** [[Trotskyism]]
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| *** [[Juche]]
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| *** [[Politics of Fidel Castro|Castroism]]
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| *** [[Titoism]]
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| *** [[Marxism–Leninism]]
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| ** [[Anti-revisionism|Anti-revisionary Marxism]]
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| *** [[Hoxhaism]]
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| *** [[Maoism]]
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| * [[Conservatism#Authoritarian conservatism|Authoritarian conservatism]]
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| * [[Authoritarian democracy]]
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| * [[Authoritarian populism]]
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| * [[Authoritarian socialism]]
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| **[[Blanquism]]
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| **[[Fitzhughism]]
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| * [[Byzantinism]]
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| * [[IT-backed authoritarianism|Digital authoritarianism]]
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| * [[Ecoauthoritarianism]]
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| * [[Liberal autocracy]]
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| * [[Minoritarianism]]
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| * [[Neo-feudalism]]
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| * [[Far-right politics|Far-right ultranationalist authoritarianism]]
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| ** [[File:Eagle with fasces modded.svg|thumb|Eagle holding a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] weapon, the ''[[fasces]]''. This symbol was commonly used in [[Fascist Italy (1922–1943)|Fascist Italy]], and indeed, by many [[Neo-fascism|fascists today]].|208x208px]][[Fascism]]
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| *** [[Falangism]]
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| *** [[Nazism|National Socialism (Nazism)]]
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| *** [[Neo-fascism]]
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| **** [[Neo-Nazism]]
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| ***** [[National Bolshevism]]
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| ***** [[Franco Freda#Involvement and contributions to the Nazi-Maoist movement|Nazi-Maoism]]
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| **** [[Third Position]]ism
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| }}
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| === Opposition ===
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| * [[Anti-fascism]]
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| * [[Criticism of monarchy|Anti-monarchism]]
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| * [[Decolonization]]
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| === Religious variants ===
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| * [[Theocracy]]
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| === Regional variants ===
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| ==== African ====
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Central African Empire|Central African Republic]]
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| * [[Mobutism|Congo]]
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| * [[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|Egypt]]
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| * [[Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea]]
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| * [[Politics of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi|Libya]]
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| * [[Apartheid|South Africa]]
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| * [[Omar al-Bashir|Sudan]]
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| * [[Idi Amin|Uganda]]
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| * [[ZANU–PF|Zimbabwe]]
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| }}
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| ==== American ====
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[National Reorganization Process|Argentina]]
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| * [[History of Bolivia (1964–82)|Bolivia]]
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| * [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|Brazil]]
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| * [[Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990)|Chile]]
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| * [[Progressive Action Party|Cuba]]
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| * [[Rafael Trujillo|Dominican Republic]]
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| * [[1954 Guatemalan coup d'état|Guatemala]]
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| * [[Military dictatorship of Haiti (1957-1986)|Haiti]]
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| * [[2009 Honduran coup d'état|Honduras]]
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| * [[Porfiriato|Mexico]]
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| * [[Nationalist Liberal Party|Nicaragua]]
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| * [[Manuel Noriega|Panama]]
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| * [[El Stronato|Paraguay]]
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| * [[Inverted totalitarianism|United States]]
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| * [[Madurismo|Venezuela]]
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| }}
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| ==== Asian ====
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Taliban|Afghanistan]]
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| * [[Khmer Rouge#Ideology|Cambodia]]
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| * [[Neoauthoritarianism (China)|China]]
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| * [[New Order (Indonesia)|Indonesia]]
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| * [[Ba'athism|Iraq]]
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| * [[Ideology of the Iranian Revolution|Iran]]
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| * [[Statism in Shōwa Japan|Japan]]
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| * [[Nur Otan|Kazakhstan]]
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| * [[Military dictatorship in Burma|Myanmar]]
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| * [[Juche|North Korea]]
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| * [[Islamization in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
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| * [[Kilusang Bagong Lipunan|Philippines]]
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| * [[Wahhabism#Politics|Saudi Arabia]]
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| * [[Supreme Council for National Reconstruction|South Korea]]
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| ** [[Ilminism]]
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| * [[Ba'athism|Syria]]
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| * [[People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]
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| * [[National Council for Peace and Order|Thailand]]
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| * [[Erdoğanism|Turkey]]
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| * [[Democratic Party of Turkmenistan|Turkmenistan]]
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| * [[Emirate|United Arab Emirates]]
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| * [[Uzbekistan Liberal Democratic Party|Uzbekistan]]
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| }}
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| ==== European ====
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Belaya Rus|Belarus]]
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| * [[Bonapartism|France]]
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| * [[Italian Fascism|Italy]]
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| * [[Nazi Germany|Germany]]
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| * [[Metaxism|Greece]]
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| * [[Estado Novo (Portugal)|Portugal]]
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| * [[National Communism in Romania|Romania]]
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| * [[Tsarist autocracy|Russia]]
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| ** [[Putinism]]
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| * [[Milosevic regime|Serbia]]
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| * [[Francoism|Spain]]
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| }}
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| == Communitarianism ==
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| {{communitarianism sidebar}}
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| {{main|Communitarianism}}
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| === General ===
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Christian democracy]]
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| *[[Corporatism#Communitarian corporatism|Communitarian corporatism]]
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| * [[Radical centrism]]
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| * [[Third Way]]
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| * [[Distributism]]
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| * [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]]
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| * [[Democratic confederalism]]
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| }}
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| === Other ===
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Anarcho-capitalism]]
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| * [[Christian socialism]]
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| * [[Pre-Marxist communism]]
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| * [[Primitive communism]]
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| * [[Religious communism]]
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| ** [[Christian communism]]
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| ** [[Islamic communism]]
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| ** [[Jewish left|Jewish communism]]
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| * [[Utopian socialism]]
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| * [[Eurasianism]]
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| }} | |
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| === Regional variants === | | === Political internationals === |
| * [[Kibbutz]]
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| *[[Obshchina]]
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| *[[Singaporean communitarianism|Singapore]]
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| *[[Zadruga]]
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|
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| == Communism ==
| | * [[Committee for a Workers' International]] ([[Trotskyism]]) |
| {{Communism sidebar}}{{main|Communism}}
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| ; Political internationals
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| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
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| * [[Committee for a Workers' International (1974)|Committee for a Workers' International]] ([[Trotskyism]]) | |
| * Committee for Revolutionary International Regroupment ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Coordinating Committee for the Refoundation of the Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]]) | | * [[Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]]) |
| * [[Fourth International (ICR)]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Fourth International (post-reunification)]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Fourth International Posadist]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[International Bolshevik Tendency]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[International Committee of the Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[International Communist Current]] ([[left communism]])
| |
| * [[International Communist League (Fourth Internationalist)]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[International Communist Party]] ([[left communism]])
| |
| * [[International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (International Newsletter)]] ([[Maoism]]) | | * [[International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (International Newsletter)]] ([[Maoism]]) |
| * [[International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle)]] ([[Hoxhaism]]) | | * [[International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle)]] ([[Hoxhaism]]) |
| * [[International Coordination of Revolutionary Parties and Organizations]] ([[anti-revisionism]])
| |
| * [[International League of Peoples' Struggle]] ([[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]) | | * [[International League of Peoples' Struggle]] ([[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]) |
| * [[International Marxist Tendency]] ([[orthodox Trotskyism]]) | | * [[International Marxist Tendency]] ([[Orthodox Trotskyism]]) |
| * [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties]] ([[Marxism–Leninism]]) | | * [[International Meeting of Communist and Workers Parties]] ([[Marxism–Leninism]]) |
| * [[International Socialist Alternative]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| | * [[International Socialist Tendency]] (Unorthodox [[Trotskyism]]) |
| * [[International Socialist Tendency]] ([[neo-Trotskyism]]) | | |
| * [[International Workers League – Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| | === Extremist === |
| * [[International Workers' Unity – Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| | {{main articles|Authoritarian socialism}} |
| * Internationalist Communist Tendency ([[left communism]])
| |
| * [[Internationalist Communist Union]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[League for the Fifth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[League for the Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Liaison Committee for the Reconstruction of the Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * Revolutionary Communist International ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * United Secretariat of the Fourth International ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| * [[World Socialist Movement]] ([[anti-Leninism]], [[classical Marxism]], [[impossibilism]] and [[international socialism]])
| |
| * [[Workers International to Rebuild the Fourth International]] ([[Trotskyism]])
| |
| }} | |
|
| |
|
| {{Marxism–Leninism sidebar}}{{main|Authoritarian socialism|l1=Authoritarian communism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Barracks communism]]
| |
| ** [[Nechayevshchina]]
| |
| * [[Blanquism]] | | * [[Blanquism]] |
| | * [[Eurocommunism]] |
| * [[Leninism]] | | * [[Leninism]] |
| * [[Sergey Nechayev|Nechayevism]] | | ** [[Democratic centralism]] |
| * [[Pyotr Tkachev|Tkachevism]] | | ** [[Marxism–Leninism]] |
| }}
| | *** [[Castroism]] |
| | | *** [[Guevarism]] |
| === Leninism ===
| | **** [[Foco|Focalism]] |
| {{main|Leninism}}
| | *** [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | *** [[Hoxhaism]] |
| * [[Democratic centralism]] | | *** [[Husakism]] |
| * [[Marxism–Leninism]] | | *** [[Juche]] |
| * [[Trotskyism]] | | *** [[Kadarism]] |
| ** [[Neo-Trotskyism]] | | *** [[Khrushchevism]] |
| | *** [[Maoism]] |
| | **** [[Maoism (Third Worldism)|Maoism–Third Worldism]] |
| | ***** [[Third Worldism]] |
| | ***** [[Third World socialism]] |
| | **** [[Mao-Spontex]] |
| | **** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]] |
| | ***** [[Abimael Guzmán|Gonzalo Thought]] |
| | ***** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path]] |
| | **** [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]] |
| | ***** [[Deng Xiaoping Theory]] |
| | ***** [[Mao Zedong Thought]] |
| | ***** [[Scientific Outlook on Development]] |
| | ***** [[Three Represents]] |
| | ***** [[Xi Jinping Thought]] |
| | *** [[Scientific communism]] |
| | *** [[Stalinism]] |
| | **** [[Anti-revisionism]] |
| | **** [[Neo-Stalinism]] |
| | *** [[Titoism]] |
| | **** [[Đilasism]] |
| | **** [[Rankovićism]] |
| | **** [[Socialist nationalism]] |
| | ** [[Antisemitism in the Soviet Union|Soviet antisemitism]] |
| | ** [[Soviet anti-Zionism]] |
| | ** [[Trotskyism]] |
| | *** [[Neo-Trotskyism]] |
| | *** [[Orthodox Trotskyism]] |
| *** [[Pabloism]] | | *** [[Pabloism]] |
| *** [[Posadism]] | | *** [[Posadism]] |
| *** [[Third camp Trotskyism]] | | *** [[Third camp]] |
| ** [[Orthodox Trotskyism]] | | **** [[Shachtmanism]] |
| * [[Vanguardism]] | | ** [[Vanguardism]] |
| * [[War communism]] | | ** [[War communism]] |
| }}
| | * [[National communism]] |
|
| |
|
| ==== Marxism–Leninism ==== | | === Libertarian === |
| {{main|Marxism–Leninism}} | | {{main articles|Libertarian Marxism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Leonid Brezhnev#Leader of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)|Brezhnevism]]
| |
| ** [[Brezhnev Doctrine]]
| |
| ** [[Real socialism]]
| |
| * [[Castroism]]
| |
| * [[Ceaușism]]
| |
| * [[Socialism with a human face|Dubčekism]]
| |
| * [[Mikhail Gorbachev#Political ideology|Gorbachevism]]
| |
| ** [[Glasnost]]
| |
| ** [[Perestroika]]
| |
| * [[Guevarism]]
| |
| ** [[Foco|Focalism]]
| |
| * [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
| |
| ** [[Kaysone Phomvihane Thought]]
| |
| * [[Hoxhaism]]
| |
| * [[Husakism]]
| |
| * [[Juche]]
| |
| ** [[Kimilsungism]]
| |
| ** [[Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism]]
| |
| ** [[Songun]]
| |
| * [[Kadarism]]
| |
| * [[Khrushchevism]]
| |
| ** [[De-Stalinization]]
| |
| ** [[Khrushchev Thaw]]
| |
| * [[Maoism]]
| |
| ** [[Khmer Rouge#Ideology|Khmer Rouge ideology]]
| |
| ** [[Maoism (Third Worldism)|Maoism–Third Worldism]]
| |
| *** [[Third Worldism]]
| |
| *** [[Third World socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Franco Freda#Involvement and contributions to the Nazi-Maoist movement|Nazi-Maoism]]
| |
| **[[Bob Avakian|New Synthesis]]
| |
| ** [[Mao-Spontex]]
| |
| ** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
| |
| *** [[Abimael Guzmán|Gonzalo Thought]]
| |
| *** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path]]
| |
| *** [[National Democracy (Philippines)|National Democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Naxalism]]
| |
| ** [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
| |
| *** [[Deng Xiaoping Theory]]
| |
| *** [[Mao Zedong Thought]]
| |
| *** [[Scientific Outlook on Development]]
| |
| *** [[Three Principles of the People]]
| |
| *** [[Three Represents]]
| |
| *** [[Xi Jinping Thought]]
| |
| * [[Marxist–Leninist atheism]]
| |
| * [[Scientific communism]]
| |
| * [[Stalinism]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-revisionism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Stalinism]]
| |
| ** [[Socialism in one country]]
| |
| *** [[National communism]]
| |
| *** [[National Bolshevism]]
| |
| *** [[Socialist patriotism]]
| |
| **** [[Soviet socialist patriotism]]
| |
| ***** [[Soviet nostalgia]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet antisemitism]]
| |
| *** [[Left-wing antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet anti-Zionism]]
| |
| * [[Titoism]]
| |
| ** [[Đilasism]]
| |
| ** [[Rankovićism]]
| |
| ** [[Socialist nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Yugoslavism|Socialist Yugoslavism]]
| |
| **** [[Yugo-nostalgia]]
| |
| }} | |
|
| |
|
| === Libertarian ===
| |
| {{Anarcho-communism sidebar}}{{main|Libertarian communism}}
| |
| [[File:Anarcho-communism.svg|thumb|An Anarchist A laid over a [[Communism|Communist]] [[Hammer and sickle]].]]
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anarcho-communism]] | | * [[Anarcho-communism]] |
| ** [[The Right to Be Greedy|Egoist communism]] | | * [[Autonomism]] |
| | ** [[Workerism]] |
| * [[Communards|Communard movement]] | | * [[Communards|Communard movement]] |
| * [[Marxism]]
| | * [[Left communism]] |
| }}
| | ** [[Bordigism]] |
| | | ** [[Communization]] |
| ==== Marxism ====
| | ** [[Council communism]] |
| {{main|Marxism}}
| | ** [[Luxemburgism]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Classical Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Orthodox Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Impossibilism]]
| |
| **** [[World Socialist Movement]]
| |
| *** [[Kautskyism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Autonomism]]
| |
| *** [[Workerism]]
| |
| ** [[Left communism]]
| |
| *** [[Bordigism]]
| |
| *** [[Communization]]
| |
| *** [[Council communism]]
| |
| **** [[Spartacism]]
| |
| *** [[Luxemburgism]]
| |
| *** [[Socialisme ou Barbarie]]
| |
| *** [[Solidarity (UK)|Solidarity]]
| |
| *** [[Situationist International|Situationism]]
| |
| *** [[Spontaneism]]
| |
| *** [[Ultra-leftism]]
| |
| ** [[Mao-Spontex]]
| |
| ** [[De Leonism|Marxism–De Leonism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Trotskyism]]
| |
| *** [[Chaulieu-Montal Tendency|Chaulieu–Montal tendency]]
| |
| *** [[Johnson–Forest tendency]]
| |
| *** [[Third camp]]
| |
| **** [[Shachtmanism]]
| |
| ***** [[Left Shachtmanism]]
| |
| ** [[Open Marxism]]
| |
| * [[Western Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Austro-Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Frankfurt School]]
| |
| ** [[Freudo-Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Hegelian Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Marxist humanism]]
| |
| *** [[Budapest School (Lukács)|Budapest School]]
| |
| *** [[Praxis School]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Analytical Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Conflict theories]]
| |
| **** [[Dependency theory]]
| |
| **** [[Social conflict theory]]
| |
| **** [[World-systems theory]]
| |
| *** [[Freudo–Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Gramscianism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Gramscianism]]
| |
| *** [[Instrumental Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Neue Marx-Lektüre]]
| |
| *** [[Political Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Structural Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Post-Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Radical democracy]]
| |
| **** [[Abahlali baseMjondolo]]
| |
| **** [[Landless Workers' Movement]]
| |
| **** [[Piquetero]]s
| |
| **** [[Zapatista Army of National Liberation|Zapatistas]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Other === |
| {{main|Marxist revisionism|Non-Marxist communism|Post-capitalism|Pre-Marxist communism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Agrarian communism]]
| |
| * [[Centrist Marxism]]
| |
| * [[Ecocommunism|Eco-communism]]
| |
| * [[Eurocommunism]]
| |
| *[[Fully Automated Luxury Communism|Fully automated luxury communism]]
| |
| * [[Proletarian internationalism|International communism]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Marxism|Marxist democracy]]
| |
| * [[National communism]]
| |
| * [[Nihilist communism]]
| |
| * [[Primitive communism]]
| |
| * [[Pre-Marxist communism]]
| |
| * [[Socialism and LGBT rights|Queer communism]]
| |
| * [[World communism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition ===
| | * [[Pre-Marxist communism|Proto-communism]] |
| * [[Anti-communism]] | | ** [[Primitive communism]] |
| ** [[McCarthyism]] | | * [[Marxist feminism]] |
| * [[Anti-Marxism]] | | * [[Non-Marxist communism]] |
| * [[Anti-socialism]] | | * [[International communism|World communism]] |
| | ** [[Proletarian internationalism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants === | | === Religious variants === |
| {{main|Religious communism}} | | {{main articles|Religious communism}} |
| {{see also|Communism and religion}}
| | |
| * [[Christian communism]] | | * [[Christian communism]] |
| ** [[Bruderhof Communities|Bruderhofs]]
| |
| ** [[Diggers]] | | ** [[Diggers]] |
| ** [[Hutterites]] | | ** [[Hutterites]] |
| | ** [[Pre-Marxist communism|Proto-communism]] |
| ** [[Shakers]] | | ** [[Shakers]] |
| * [[Islamic communism]] | | * [[:en:Islamic_socialism|Islamic communism]] |
| * [[Jewish left|Jewish communism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | == Conservatism == |
| ==== African ====
| | {{main articles|Conservatism}} |
| {{main|History of Communism#Africa|l1=Communism in Africa}} | | === Political internationals === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[MPLA|Angola]]
| |
| * [[People's Revolutionary Party of Benin|Benin]]
| |
| * [[Congolese Party of Labour|Congo]]
| |
| * [[Egyptian Communist Party|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Eritrean People's Liberation Front|Eritrea]]
| |
| * [[Workers' Party of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]]
| |
| * [[FRELIMO|Mozambique]]
| |
| * [[Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party|Somalia]]
| |
| * [[South African Communist Party|South Africa]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in South Africa|Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[Afro-Shirazi Party|Tanzania]]
| |
| * [[Tunisian Communist Party|Tunisia]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ====
| | * [[International Democrat Union]] ([[conservatism]]) |
| {{main|History of communism#Americas|l1=Communism in America}}
| | * [[International Monarchist League]] ([[monarchism]] and [[Constitutional monarchy|constitutional monarchism]]) |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Communism in Canada|Canada]] | |
| ** [[Communism in Quebec|Quebec]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Chile|Chile]] | |
| * [[Communism in Colombia|Colombia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Cuba|Cuba]]
| |
| * [[New Jewel Movement|Grenada]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Peru|Peru]]
| |
| ** [[Shining Path]]
| |
| * [[Communism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Asian ==== | | === Traditional === |
| {{main|History of communism#Asia|l1=Communism in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Armenia (Soviet Union)|Armenia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]
| |
| * [[Communist Cambodia (disambiguation)|Cambodia]]<!-- Intentional link to DAB page. -->
| |
| ** [[Communist Party of Kampuchea|Khmer Rouge]]
| |
| ** [[Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation|Salvation Front]]
| |
| * [[Communism in China|China]]
| |
| ** [[New Left in China|New Left]]
| |
| ** [[Left communism in China|Ultra-left]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of India|India]]
| |
| ** [[Communism in Kerala|Kerala]]
| |
| ** [[Naxalism]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Georgia (Soviet Union)|Georgia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Indonesia|Indonesia]]
| |
| ** [[Communism in Sumatra|Sumatra]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Maki (political party)|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Japanese Communist Party|Japan]]
| |
| ** [[New Left in Japan|New Left]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Korea|Korea]]
| |
| ** [[Workers' Party of Korea|North Korea]]
| |
| ** [[Workers' Party of South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Kurdistan|Kurdistan]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Kirghizia|Kyrgyzstan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Laos|Laos]]
| |
| * [[Mongolian People's Party|Mongolia]]
| |
| * [[List of communist parties in Nepal|Nepal]]
| |
| * [[Palestine Communist Party|Palestine]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in the Philippines|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Thailand|Thailand]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Turkey (historical)|Turkey]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Turkmenistan|Turkmenistan]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Vietnam|Vietnam]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in Vietnam|Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[Yemeni Socialist Party|Yemen]]
| |
| ** [[South Yemen]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|History of communism#Europe|l1=Communism in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Party of Labour of Albania|Albania]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia, and Herzegovina]]
| |
| * [[Bulgarian Communist Party|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Byelorussia|Belarus]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Croatia|Croatia]]
| |
| * [[Progressive Party of Working People|Cyprus]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| ** [[Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia|Bohemia and Moravia]]
| |
| ** [[Communist Party of Slovakia|Slovakia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Estonia|Estonia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Finland|Finland]]
| |
| * [[French Communist Party|France]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Germany|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|East Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Communist Party of Germany#Postwar history|West Germany]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Greece|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Hungarian Communist Party|Hungary]]
| |
| * [[Italian Communist Party|Italy]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Latvia|Latvia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Lithuania|Lithuania]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Macedonia|Macedonia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Moldova|Moldova]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Montenegro|Montenegro]]
| |
| * [[Polish United Workers' Party|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Portuguese Communist Party|Portugal]]
| |
| * [[Romanian Communist Party|Romania]]
| |
| ** [[National Communism in Romania|National communism]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Russia|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Bolshevism]]
| |
| *** [[Bolsheviks]]
| |
| **** [[Centrist Marxism|Centre]]
| |
| ***** [[Lev Kamenev|Kamenevism]]
| |
| ***** [[Stalinism]]
| |
| ***** [[Grigory Zinoviev|Zinovievism]]
| |
| **** [[Left Opposition]]
| |
| ***** [[Left communism#Russian left communism|Left communism]]
| |
| ***** [[Group of Democratic Centralism]]
| |
| ***** [[Left-right bloc|Left–Right Bloc]]
| |
| ***** [[Trotskyism]]
| |
| ***** [[United Opposition (Soviet Union)|United Opposition]]
| |
| ***** [[Workers' Opposition]]
| |
| ****** [[Workers Group of the Russian Communist Party]]
| |
| ****** [[Workers' Truth]]
| |
| **** [[Old Bolsheviks]]
| |
| ***** [[Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Recallists]]
| |
| ***** [[Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Ultimatists]]
| |
| **** [[Right Opposition]]
| |
| ***** [[Anti-Party Group]]
| |
| ***** [[Nikolai Bukharin|Bukharinism]]
| |
| ***** [[Viktor Nogin|Noginism]]
| |
| ***** [[Alexei Rykov|Rykovism]]
| |
| ***** [[Mikhail Tomsky|Tomskyism]]
| |
| ***** [[Gang of Eight (Soviet Union)|Gang of Eight]]
| |
| ***** [[Left-right bloc|Left–Right Bloc]]
| |
| ***** [[Soyuz (faction)|Soyuz]]
| |
| ***** [[Union of Marxist-Leninists|Union of Marxist–Leninists]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Yugoslavia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Slovenia|Slovenia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Spain|Spain]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[Far-left politics in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in the United Kingdom|Trotskyism]]
| |
| *** [[Socialist Workers Party (UK)|Neo-Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[League of Communists of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{main|History of communism#Oceania|l1=Communism in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Communist Party of Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Communist Party of New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
|
| |
| == Conservatism ==
| |
| {{Conservatism sidebar}}{{main|Conservatism}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[International Democrat Union]] ([[conservatism]])
| |
| * [[International Monarchist League]] ([[monarchism]])
| |
|
| |
| ===General===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Authoritarian conservatism]] | | * [[Authoritarian conservatism]] |
| * [[Bioconservatism]] | | ** [[Illiberal democracy]] |
| * [[Black conservatism]] | |
| * [[Civic conservatism]] | | * [[Civic conservatism]] |
| * [[Classical conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Distributism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative liberalism]]
| |
| * [[Cultural conservatism]] | | * [[Cultural conservatism]] |
| * [[Fiscal conservatism]] | | * [[Fiscal conservatism]] |
| * [[Green conservatism]]
| |
| * [[LGBT conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Liberal conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Fusionism]]
| |
| ** [[Libertarian Republican]]ism
| |
| ** [[Paleolibertarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Western conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Monarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Absolute monarchism]]
| |
| ***[[Enlightened absolutism]]
| |
| ***[[Patriarchalism]]
| |
| ** [[Constitutional monarchism]]
| |
| ***[[Crowned republic]]
| |
| * [[National conservatism]] | | * [[National conservatism]] |
| ** [[Ethnic nationalism]]
| | * [[Optimates]] |
| * [[Neoconservatism]]
| |
| * [[Paleoconservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Paleolibertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Paternalistic conservatism]] | | * [[Paternalistic conservatism]] |
| ** [[Compassionate conservatism]] | | ** [[Compassionate conservatism]] |
| ** [[Conservative socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Welfare state#Three worlds of the welfare state|Conservative welfarism]]
| |
| ** [[Progressive conservatism]] | | ** [[Progressive conservatism]] |
| * [[Right-wing populism]] | | *** [[One-nation conservatism]] |
| | *** [[Red Toryism]] |
| | **** [[Tory socialism]] |
| | * [[Paleoconservatism]] |
| * [[Social conservatism]] | | * [[Social conservatism]] |
| ** [[Anti-abortion movement]] | | ** [[Anti-abortion movements]] |
| ** [[Anti-feminism]] | | ** [[Antifeminism]] |
| ** [[LGBT rights opposition|Anti-LGBT movement]] | | ** [[LGBT rights opposition]] |
| * [[Social Darwinism]]
| |
| ** [[Kraterocracy]]
| |
| * [[Theoconservatism]] | | * [[Theoconservatism]] |
| ** [[Christian right]] | | ** [[Christian right]] |
| ** [[State religion]]
| |
| *** [[Antidisestablishmentarianism]]
| |
| *** [[Caesaropapism]]
| |
| *** [[Dominionism]]
| |
| *** [[Theocracy]]
| |
| *** [[Theonomy]]
| |
| ** [[Ultramontanism]]
| |
| * [[Traditionalist conservatism]] | | * [[Traditionalist conservatism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Reactionary === | | === Reactionary === |
| {{main|Reactionary}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Alt-right]] |
| * [[Absolutism (European history)|Absolutism]]
| | * [[Irridentism]] |
| ** [[Absolute monarchy]]
| | * [[Monarchism]] |
| ** [[Autocracy]]
| | ** [[Absolute monarchism]] |
| * [[Alt-lite|Alt-lite movement]]
| | ** [[Constitutional monarchy|Constitutional monarchism]] |
| * [[Alt-right movement]] | |
| * [[Authoritarian capitalism]] | |
| * [[Illiberalism]] | |
| ** [[Guided democracy]] | |
| ** [[Inverted totalitarianism]] | |
| * [[Imperialism]]
| |
| * [[Integralism]]
| |
| * [[Irredentism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-feudalism]] | | * [[Neo-feudalism]] |
| * [[Neo-nationalism]] | | * [[Dark Enlightenment|Neoreactionary movement]] |
| * [[Neo-reactionary movement]]
| |
| * [[Oligarchy]]
| |
| ** [[Aristocracy]]
| |
| ** [[Plutocracy]]
| |
| *** [[Timocracy]]
| |
| * [[Reactionary modernism]] | | * [[Reactionary modernism]] |
| * [[Reactionary populism]]
| |
| * [[Revanchism]]
| |
| * [[Segregationism]] | | * [[Segregationism]] |
| * [[Theocracy]] | | * [[State religion]] |
| }}
| | ** [[Antidisestablishmentarianism]] |
| | ** [[Caesaropapism]] |
| | ** [[Dominionism]] |
| | ** [[Theocracy]] |
| | ** [[Theonomy]] |
| | * [[Ultramontanism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Other === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anti anti-communism]] | | * [[Alt-lite]] |
| * [[Anti-establishment]]arianism | | * [[Anti-environmentalism]] |
| * [[Criticism of monarchy|Anti-monarchism]] | | ** [[Climate change denial|Climate change denialism]] |
| * [[Cultural liberalism]] | | ** [[Environmental skepticism]] |
| * [[Cultural radicalism]] | | * [[Opposition to immigration|Anti-immigration movements]] |
| * [[Radicalism (historical)|Radicalism]] | | * [[Opposition to trade unions|Anti-unionism]] |
| * [[Revolution]]arism | | * [[Bioconservatism]] |
| * [[Postmodernism]] | | * [[Black conservatism]] |
| * [[Progressivism]] | | * [[Conservative corporatism]] |
| }}
| | * [[Fusionism]] |
| | * [[Green conservatism]] |
| | * [[LGBT conservatism]] |
| | * [[Liberal conservatism]] |
| | * [[Libertarian conservatism]] |
| | * [[Neoconservatism]] |
| | ** [[Straussianism]] |
| | * [[Neoliberalism]] |
| | * [[Neo-nationalism]] |
| | * [[Right-wing populism]] |
| | * [[Social Darwinism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants === | | === Religious variants === |
| {{main|Theoconservatism}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Christian right]] | | * [[Christian right]] |
| ** [[Christian fundamentalism]] | | ** [[Christian fundamentalism]] |
| ** [[Traditionalist Catholicism]] | | ** [[Traditionalist Catholicism]] |
| *** [[Traditionalist Catholicism#Communities viewed by the Holy See as having irregular status|Radical traditional Catholicism]]
| |
| * [[Hindutva|Hindu fundamentalism]] | | * [[Hindutva|Hindu fundamentalism]] |
| ** [[Hindutva]]
| | * [[Islamic fundamentalism]] |
| * [[Islamism]] | | ** [[Islamism]] |
| ** [[Islamic fundamentalism]]
| | * [[Jewish fundamentalism]] |
| * [[Haredi|Jewish Conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Revisionist Zionism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | == Environmentalism == |
| ==== African ====
| | {{main articles|Environmentalism}} |
| {{main|Conservatism#Africa|l1=Conservatism in Africa}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Gabonese Democratic Party|Gabon]]
| |
| * [[New Patriotic Party|Ghana]]
| |
| * [[Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally|Ivory Coast]]
| |
| * [[Jubilee Party|Kenya]]
| |
| * [[True Whig Party|Liberia]]
| |
| * [[Malawi Congress Party|Malawi]]
| |
| * [[Justice and Development Party (Morocco)|Morocco]]
| |
| * [[National Movement for the Development of Society|Niger]]
| |
| * [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|Nigeria]]
| |
| * [[National Party (South Africa)|South Africa]]
| |
| ** [[Apartheid]]
| |
| * [[National Congress (Sudan)|Sudan]]
| |
| * [[National Resistance Movement|Uganda]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{main|Conservatism#America|l1=Conservatism in America}}
| |
| {{Conservatism in Canada}}
| |
| {{Conservatism US}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Latin America|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism in Brazil|Brazil]]
| |
| *** [[Jair Bolsonaro#Political positions|Bolsonarism]]
| |
| *** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| *** [[Monarchism in Brazil|Monarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Nativism (politics)#Brazil|Nativism]]
| |
| **[[Conservatism in Chile|Chile]]
| |
| *** [[Pinochetism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism in Colombia|Colombia]]
| |
| ** [[New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)|Puerto Rico]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in North America|North America]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism in Canada|Canada]]
| |
| *** [[People's Party of Canada#Principles and policies|Bernierism]]
| |
| *** [[Blue Toryism]]
| |
| *** [[Monarchism in Canada|Monarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Nativism (politics)#Canada|Nativism]]
| |
| *** [[Pink Tory]]ism
| |
| *** [[Red Toryism]]
| |
| *** [[Trumpism in Canada|Trumpism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ===== United States =====
| |
| {{main|Conservatism in the United States}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Black conservatism in the United States|Black conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative coalition]]
| |
| * [[Conservative Democrat|Conservative democratism]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-abolitionism]]
| |
| ** [[Blue Dog Coalition|Blue Dogs]]
| |
| ** [[Jacksonianism]]
| |
| ** [[Southern Democrats|Southern democratism]]
| |
| *** [[Confederate States of America|Confederatism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Confederate|Neo-confederatism]]
| |
| *** [[Dixiecrat]]ism
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation in the United States|Segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Southern nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Federalist Party|Federalism]]
| |
| ** [[Traditionalist conservatism in the United States|Classical conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[New Federalism]]
| |
| * [[McCarthyism]]
| |
| * [[Nativism in the United States|Nativism]]
| |
| ** [[Know Nothing movement]]
| |
| * [[New Right#United States|New Right]]
| |
| * [[Old Right (United States)|Old Right]]
| |
| ** [[Paleoconservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Paleolibertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Republican Study Committee|Conservative republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Liberty Caucus|Libertarian republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Moderate Republicans|Moderate republicanism]]
| |
| *** [[Main Street Republicans|Main Street republicanism]]
| |
| **** [[Republican Main Street Partnership]]
| |
| *** [[Tuesday Group]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Movement conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Reaganism]]
| |
| *** [[Reagan Doctrine]]
| |
| *** [[Reaganomics]]
| |
| ** [[Tea Party movement]]
| |
| *** [[Freedom Caucus]]
| |
| ** [[Trumpism]]
| |
| *** [[Christian Trumpism]]
| |
| *** [[QAnon]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| {{main|Conservatism#Asia|l1=Conservatism in Asia}} | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[New Conservatism (China)|China]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| ** [[Localism in Hong Kong|Localism]]
| |
| ** [[Nativism (politics)#Hong Kong|Nativism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in India|India]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| *** [[Prime Minister Narendra Modi|Modrism]]
| |
| * [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Japan]]
| |
| ** [[Shinzō Abe|Abeism]]
| |
| ** [[Emperor of Japan|Monarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Neoconservatism in Japan|Neoconservatism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| ** [[Nativism (politics)#Pakistan|Nativism]]
| |
| * [[Rodrigo Duterte|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Kuomintang|Taiwan]]
| |
| ** [[Nativism (politics)#Taiwan|Nativism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Turkey|Turkey]]
| |
| ** [[Erdoganism]]
| |
| *** [[Conservative democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Ottomanism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|Conservatism#Europe|l1=Conservatism in Europe}}
| |
| {{Toryism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Optimates|Ancient Rome]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Belgium|Belgium]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Denmark|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Finland|Finland]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in France|France]]
| |
| ** [[Bonapartism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Bonapartism]]
| |
| ** [[Gaullism]]
| |
| ** [[National Rally (France)|LePenism]]
| |
| ** [[French monarchism|Monarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Legitimism]]
| |
| *** [[Orléanism]]
| |
| *** [[Ultra-royalism]]
| |
| ** [[Nouvelle Droite]]
| |
| ** [[Revolutionary France]]
| |
| *** [[Ancien Régime]]
| |
| *** [[Chouannerie]]
| |
| *** [[Left–right political spectrum#History of the terms|Historical Right]]
| |
| *** [[Thermidorian Reaction|Thermidorians]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Germany|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarkianism]]
| |
| *** [[Conservative socialism]]
| |
| *** [[State Socialism (Germany)|State socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservative revolutionary movement]]
| |
| *** [[Prussian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[German monarchy|Monarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Neue Rechte]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Greece|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Conservative Party (Hungary)|Hungary]]
| |
| ** [[Viktor Orbán|Orbanism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Iceland|Iceland]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Italy]]
| |
| ** [[Historical Right]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| *** [[Berlusconism]]
| |
| ** [[Liberal Union (Italy)|Liberal conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Sanfedismo]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]
| |
| * [[United Right (Poland)|Poland]]
| |
| ** [[Golden Liberty]]
| |
| *** [[Sarmatism]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Norway|Norway]]
| |
| * [[United Russia|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Monarchism in Russia|Monarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Octobrist|Octobrism]]
| |
| ** [[Modern conservatism]]
| |
| *** [[Putinism]]
| |
| **** [[Chekism]]
| |
| ***** [[Nashism]]
| |
| **** [[Eurasianism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Sovietism]]
| |
| ***** [[Neo-Stalinism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[Traditionalism (Spain)|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Falangism]]
| |
| ** [[Francoism]]
| |
| **[[Integrism (Spain)|Integrism]]
| |
| ** [[Monarchy in Spain|Monarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Carlism]]
| |
| **** [[Carlos Hugo#Carlism|Hugism]]
| |
| **[[Neocatólicos|Neocatholicism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism#Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Switzerland|Switzerland]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism#Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Butskellism]]
| |
| ** [[Cavaliers]]
| |
| *** [[Tories (British political party)|Tories]]
| |
| **** [[New Tories]]
| |
| ** [[Jacobitism]]
| |
| ** [[British monarchy|Monarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Nativism (politics)#United Kingdom|Nativism]]
| |
| ** [[British neoconservatism|Neoconservatism]]
| |
| ** [[One-nation conservatism]]
| |
| *** [[Cameronism]]
| |
| **** [[Big Society]]
| |
| **** [[Muscular liberalism]]
| |
| *** [[Boris Johnson#Political positions and ideology|Johnsonism]]
| |
| ** [[Thatcherism]]
| |
| ***[[Blatcherism]]
| |
| ** [[Toryism]]
| |
| *** [[High Toryism]]
| |
| **** [[Political views of Samuel Johnson|Johnsonism]]
| |
| **** [[Powellism]]
| |
| *** [[George Orwell#Politics|Tory anarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Tory democracy]]
| |
| **** [[Tory socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Ultra-Tory]]ism
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{Conservatism in Australia}}
| |
| {{main|Conservatism#Oceania|l1=Conservatism in Oceania}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Australia|Australia]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism in Australia#Monarchism|Monarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservatism#Australia|Modern conservatism]]
| |
| ** [[Nativism (politics)#Australia|Nativism]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Liberal Party|Fiji]]
| |
| *[[Historic conservatism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| *[[Triumph Heritage Empowerment Party|Papua New Guinea]]
| |
| *[[Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi|Samoa]]
| |
| *[[People's National Party (Tonga)|Tonga]]
| |
| *[[Land and Justice Party|Vanuatu]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| == Corporatism ==
| |
| {{corporatism}}
| |
| {{main|Corporatism}}
| |
| {{further|Capitalism}}
| |
| | |
| === General ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Absolutist corporatism|Absolutist corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Communitarian corporatism|Communitarian corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Economic corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Fascist corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Kinship corporatism|Kinship corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Liberal corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Corporate nationalism|National corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Neoliberalism|Neo-liberalism]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Progressive corporatism|Progressive corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Social corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Corporate solidarism|Solidar corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Corporate statism|State corporatism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Consociationalism]]
| |
| * [[Cooperativism]]
| |
| * [[Corporate welfare|Corporate welfarism]]
| |
| * [[Guild socialism]]
| |
| * [[Guildism]]
| |
| * [[Managerialism]]
| |
| * [[Mutualism (movement)|Mutualist movement]]
| |
| * [[National syndicalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| {{main|Corporatism#Corporatism in the Roman Catholic Church|l1=Corporatism in the Roman Catholic Church}}
| |
| * [[Christian corporatism]]
| |
| ** [[Distributism]]
| |
| | |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Chinese corporatism|China]]
| |
| * [[Nordic model|Nordic countries]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#Russian corporatism|Russia]]
| |
| * [[Neo-corporatism|Western Europe]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Western Europe ====
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Social corporatism# the 1930s–1970s: Norway, Sweden, and Austria|Austria]]
| |
| * [[Rhine capitalism|Belgium]]
| |
| * [[Neo-corporatism|France]]
| |
| ** [[National syndicalism#France|National syndicalism]]
| |
| ** [[Yellow socialism]]
| |
| * [[Conservatism in Germany#Otto von Bismarck|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarkianism]]
| |
| *** [[Conservative socialism]]
| |
| *** [[State Socialism (Germany)|State socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservative revolutionary movement]]
| |
| *** [[Economic Nazism|Fascist corporatism]]
| |
| *** [[Prussian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Ordoliberalism]]
| |
| *** [[Rhine capitalism|Rhine model]]
| |
| * [[Social partnership|Ireland]]
| |
| * [[Corporatism#On Italian corporatism|Italy]]
| |
| ** [[Corporatism#Corporatism in the Roman Catholic Church|Christian democratic corporatism]]
| |
| *** [[Consociationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Fascist corporatism]]
| |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Italy|National syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Rhine capitalism|Luxembourg]]
| |
| * [[Neo-corporatism|Portugal]]
| |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Iberian Peninsula|National syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Polder model|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[Neo-corporatism|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Falangism#Economics|Fascist corporatism]]
| |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Iberian Peninsula|National syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Rhine capitalism|Switzerland]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| == Democracy ==
| |
| {{democracy}}
| |
| {{main|Democracy}}
| |
| | |
| === General ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Associative democracy]]
| |
| * [[Bioregional democracy]]
| |
| * [[Bourgeois democracy]]
| |
| * [[Cellular democracy]]
| |
| * [[Conservative democracy]]
| |
| * [[Constitutional democracy]]
| |
| * [[Cosmopolitan democracy]]
| |
| * [[Defensive democracy]]
| |
| * [[Economic democracy]]
| |
| * [[E-democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Collaborative e-democracy]]
| |
| ** [[E-government]]
| |
| ** [[E-participation]]
| |
| ** [[Interactive democracy]]
| |
| * [[Ethnic democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Herrenvolk democracy]]
| |
| * [[Guided democracy]]
| |
| * [[Liquid democracy]]
| |
| * [[Market democracy]]
| |
| * [[Media democracy]]
| |
| * [[Multiparty democracy]]
| |
| * [[Non-partisan democracy]]
| |
| * [[Participatory democracy]]
| |
| * [[Pluralist democracy]]
| |
| * [[Procedural democracy]]
| |
| * [[Proletarian democracy]]
| |
| * [[Racial democracy]]
| |
| * [[Radical democracy]]
| |
| * [[Representative democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Council democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Electoral democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Ethnocracy]]
| |
| ** [[Liberal democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Democratic liberalism]]
| |
| *** [[Illiberal democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Parliamentary democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Westminster democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Presidential democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Totalitarian democracy]]
| |
| * [[Republican democracy]]
| |
| * [[Revolutionary democracy]]
| |
| * [[Sectarian democracy]]
| |
| * [[Semi-democracy]]
| |
| * [[Semi-direct democracy]]
| |
| * [[Social democracy]]
| |
| * [[Socialist democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Economic democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Council democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Inclusive democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Industrial democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Soviet democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Workplace democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Democracy in Marxism|Marxist democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Democracy in Marxism#Soviet Union and Bolshevism|Marxist–Leninist democracy]]
| |
| *** [[New Democracy]]
| |
| *** [[People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism)|People's democracy]]
| |
| **** [[People's democratic dictatorship|People's dictatorship democracy]]
| |
| * [[Sovereign democracy]]
| |
| * [[Substantive democracy]]
| |
| * [[Tory democracy]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Demarchism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic capitalism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic centralism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic confederalism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic globalization]]
| |
| ** [[Democratic mundialization]]
| |
| * [[Democratic republic]]anism
| |
| * [[Democratic socialism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic transhumanism]]
| |
| * [[Majoritarianism]]
| |
| * [[Producerism]]
| |
| * [[Sortition]]ism
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Direct democracy movements ===
| |
| {{main|Direct democracy}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anticipatory democracy]]
| |
| * [[Anti-corruption|Anti-corruption movements]]
| |
| * [[Anti-establishmentarianism]]
| |
| * [[Particracy|Anti-particracy movements]]
| |
| * [[Cellular democracy]]
| |
| * [[Collaborative governance]]
| |
| * [[Consensus democracy]]
| |
| * [[Opposition to copyright|Copyright reform movements]]
| |
| * [[Council democracy]]
| |
| * [[Cyber-utopianism]]
| |
| * [[Deliberative democracy]]
| |
| * [[Delegative democracy]]
| |
| * [[Dynamic governance]]
| |
| * [[E-democracy]]
| |
| * [[Economic democracy]]
| |
| * [[Empowered democracy]]
| |
| * [[Grassroots democracy]]
| |
| * [[Inclusive Democracy]]
| |
| * [[Localism (politics)|Localism]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Marxism|Marxist democracy]]
| |
| * [[Net neutrality|Net neutrality movements]]
| |
| * [[Open-source governance]]
| |
| * [[Pirate politics]]
| |
| * [[Popular democracy]]
| |
| * [[Producerism]]
| |
| * [[Semi-direct democracy]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Pirate politics ===
| |
| {{Infobox political party
| |
| |name = Pirate politics
| |
| |logo = [[File:Piratpartiet.svg|100px]]
| |
| |ideology = [[Anti-corruption]]<br>[[Civil libertarianism]]<br>[[Civil rights]]<br>[[Direct democracy]]<br>[[E-democracy]]<br>[[Participatory democracy]]<br>[[Social liberalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| {{main|Pirate politics}}
| |
| ;Political internationals
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Pirate Parties International]] ([[pirate politics]])
| |
| * [[Anti-copyright|Anti-copyright movement]]
| |
| ** [[Copyleft|Copyleft movement]]
| |
| **[[Copyright abolition]]ism
| |
| ** [[Free-culture movement]]
| |
| * [[Anti-corruption|Anti-corruption movement]]
| |
| * [[Civil rights|Civil rights movement]]
| |
| * [[Civil libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Direct democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Economic democracy]]
| |
| ** [[E-democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Participatory democracy]]
| |
| * [[Free speech|Free speech movement]]
| |
| * [[Information privacy|Information privacy movement]]
| |
| * [[Net neutrality|Net neutrality movement]]
| |
| * [[Free and open-source software]]
| |
| ** [[Free software movement]]
| |
| ** [[Open-source-software movement]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Opposition ===
| |
| * [[Criticism of democracy|Anti-democratism]]
| |
| | |
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| {{main|Religious democracy}}
| |
| | |
| ==== Christian democracy ====
| |
| {{Christian democracy sidebar}}{{main|Christian democracy}}
| |
| {{further|Christian democracy#History|l1=History of Christian democracy}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Centrist Democrat International]] ([[Christian democracy]])
| |
| * [[Christian Democrat Organization of America]] ([[Christian democracy]])
| |
| | |
| ===== General =====
| |
| {{further|Catholic social teaching}}
| |
| * [[Distributism]]
| |
| ** [[Social credit|Social credit movement]]
| |
| * [[Gremialismo]]
| |
| * [[Popularism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ===== Other ===== | | === Political internationals === |
| {{see also|Conservatism|Corporatism|Liberalism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Christian corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Welfare state#Three worlds of the welfare state|Christian democratic welfarism]]
| |
| * [[Christian egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Communitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Ordoliberalism]]
| |
| * [[Progressive conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Social conservatism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Other ====
| |
| * [[Christian democracy]]
| |
| * [[Islamic democracy]]
| |
| * [[Jewish and democratic state|Jewish democracy]]
| |
| * [[Theodemocracy]]
| |
|
| |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{main|History of democracy#Africa|l1=Democracy in Africa}}
| |
| * [[Democracy in Egypt|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Morocco|Morocco]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| {{main|History of democracy#Asia|l1=Democracy in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Democracy in Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in China|China]]
| |
| ** [[Democracy in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in India|India]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the Middle East#Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the Middle East#Israel|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the Middle East#Lebanon|Lebanon]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the Middle East#Palestinian Authority|Palestine]]
| |
| * [[Rojava]]
| |
| * [[Representative democracy in Singapore|Singapore]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Vietnam|Vietnam]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{main|History of democracy#Americas|l1=Democracy in America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Democracy in Chile|Chile]]
| |
| * [[Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities|Chiapas]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the United States|United States]]
| |
| ** [[History of direct democracy in the United States|Direct democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Jacksonian democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Jeffersonian democracy]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|History of democracy#Europe|l1=Democracy in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[History of democracy#Antiquity|Ancient Greece]]
| |
| ** [[Athenian democracy]]
| |
| ** [[History of democracy#Sparta|Spartan democracy]]
| |
| * [[History of democracy#Rome|Ancient Rome]]
| |
| ** [[Democracy in Rome|Roman democracy]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Belarus|Belarus]]
| |
| * [[French Left|France]]
| |
| ** [[Paris Commune]]
| |
| * [[National Democracy (Poland)|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in Russia|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet democracy]]
| |
| * [[Landsgemeinde|Switzerland]]
| |
| * [[Democracy in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{main|History of democracy#Oceania|l1=Democracy in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Democracy in Australia|Australia]]
| |
|
| |
| == Environmentalism ==
| |
| {{Green politics sidebar}}{{Green economics sidebar}}{{main|Environmentalism}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Friends of the Earth]] ([[environmentalism]]) | | * [[Friends of the Earth]] ([[environmentalism]]) |
| * [[Global Greens]] ([[green politics]]) | | * [[Global Greens]] ([[green politics]]) |
| Line 1,460: |
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|
| |
|
| === Bright green environmentalism === | | === Bright green environmentalism === |
| {{main|Bright green environmentalism}} | | {{main articles|Bright green environmentalism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Car-free movement]] | | * [[Car-free movement]] |
| * [[Climate movement]] | | * [[Climate movement]] |
| * [[Conservation movement]] | | * [[Conservation movement]] |
| * [[Ecomodernism|Eco-modernism]] | | * [[Ecomodernism]] |
| ** [[Ecological modernization]] | | ** [[Ecological modernization]] |
| ** [[Prometheanism]] | | ** [[Prometheanism]] |
| ** [[Technogaianism]] | | ** [[Technogaianism]] |
| * [[Positive environmentalism]] | | * [[Positive environmentalism]] |
| * [[Steady-state economy]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Deep green environmentalism === | | === Deep green environmentalism === |
| {{main|Deep ecology}} | | {{main articles|Deep ecology}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anti-consumerism]] | | * [[Anti-consumerism]] |
| ** [[Degrowth|Degrowth movement]] | | ** [[Degrowth]] |
| ** [[Post-growth]]
| |
| ** [[Post-consumerism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-globalization movement]] | | * [[Anti-globalization movement]] |
| ** [[Alter-globalization movement]] | | ** [[Alter-globalization]] |
| ** [[Global justice movement]] | | ** [[Global justice movement]] |
| * [[Anti-nuclear movement]] | | * [[Anti-nuclear movement]] |
| * [[Bioregionalism]] | | * [[Bioregionalism]] |
| * [[Ecoauthoritarianism]]
| |
| * [[Ecocentrism]] | | * [[Ecocentrism]] |
| * [[Eco-fascism]] | | * [[Eco-communalism]] |
| | ** [[Back-to-the-land movement]] |
| * [[Green anarchism]] | | * [[Green anarchism]] |
| ** [[Anarcho-naturism]]
| |
| ** [[Anarcho-primitivism]] | | ** [[Anarcho-primitivism]] |
| *** [[Rewilding (anarchism)|Rewilding]]
| | ** [[Inclusive Democracy|Inclusive democracy]] |
| ** [[Communalism (Bookchin)|Communalism]] | | ** [[Social ecology (Bookchin)|Social ecology]] |
| *** [[Eco-communalism]]
| |
| **** [[Back-to-the-land movement]]
| |
| *** [[Democratic confederalism]]
| |
| *** [[Green municipalism]] | | *** [[Green municipalism]] |
| *** [[Libertarian municipalism]]
| |
| *** [[Social ecology (Bookchin)|Social ecology]]
| |
| ** [[Inclusive democracy]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Luddism]] | | * [[Neo-Luddism]] |
| * [[Radical environmentalism]] | | * [[Radical environmentalism]] |
| ** [[Animal rights movement]] | | ** [[Animal rights movement]] |
| ** [[Deep Green Resistance]] | | ** [[Deep Green Resistance]] |
| ** [[Earth liberation movement]] | | ** [[Earth liberation]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Light green environmentalism === | | === Light green environmentalism === |
| {{main|Sustainable development}} | | {{main articles|Sustainable development}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Free-market environmentalism]] | | * [[Free-market environmentalism|Free market environmentalism]] |
| ** [[Eco-capitalism]] | | ** [[Eco-capitalism]] |
| *** [[Sustainable capitalism]] | | *** [[Sustainable capitalism]] |
| ** [[Georgism]]
| |
| *** [[Geolibertarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Green libertarianism]] | | ** [[Green libertarianism]] |
| * [[Green conservatism]] | | * [[Green conservatism]] |
| ** [[Fiscal environmentalism]] | | ** [[Fiscal environmentalism]] |
| * [[Green liberalism]] | | * [[Green liberalism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Other === |
| {{main|Green politics}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Ecofeminism]] | | * [[Ecofeminism]] |
| * [[Eco-nationalism]] | | * [[Eco-nationalism]] |
| Line 1,529: |
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| * [[Green left]] | | * [[Green left]] |
| ** [[Eco-socialism]] | | ** [[Eco-socialism]] |
| | * [[Green politics]] |
| * [[Localism (politics)|Localism]] | | * [[Localism (politics)|Localism]] |
| * [[Queer ecology]] | | * [[Queer ecology]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Religious variants === |
| * [[Anti-environmentalism]]
| | <br /> |
| * [[Wise use movement]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| {{main|Environmentalism and religion}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Christian views on environmentalism|Christian environmentalism]] | | * [[Christian views on environmentalism|Christian environmentalism]] |
| ** [[Ecotheology|Eco-theology]] | | ** [[Ecotheology]] |
| ** [[Evangelical environmentalism]] | | ** [[Evangelical environmentalism]] |
| * [[Islamic environmentalism]] | | * [[Hima (environmental protection)|Islamic environmentalism]] |
| * [[Judaism and environmentalism|Jewish environmentalism]] | | * [[Judaism and environmentalism|Jewish environmentalism]] |
| * [[Kaitiaki|Maori environmentalism]] | | * [[Kaitiaki|Maori environmentalism]] |
| * [[Spiritual ecology]] | | * [[Spiritual ecology]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | == Fascism == |
| ==== African ====
| | <br /> |
| {{main|Environmental movement#Africa|l1=Environmental movement in Africa}}
| |
| * [[Environmental movement in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ==== | | === General === |
| {{main|Environmental movement#America|l1=Environmental movement in America}}
| |
| * [[Environmental movement in the United States|United States]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Asian ====
| | * [[Alt-right]] |
| {{main|Environmental movement#Asia|l1=Environmental movement in Asia}}
| | * [[Antisemitism]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | ** [[New antisemitism]] |
| * [[Environmental movement#Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] | | ** [[Racial antisemitism]] |
| * [[Environmental movement#China|China]] | | ** [[Religious antisemitism]] |
| * [[Environmental movement#India|India]] | | * [[Corporate statism]] |
| * [[Green Zionism|Israel]] | |
| * [[Environmental movement#South Korea and Taiwan|South Korea]] | |
| * [[Environmental movement#South Korea and Taiwan|Taiwan]] | |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|Environmental movement#Europe|l1=Environmental movement in Europe}}
| |
| * [[Environmental movement in Switzerland|Switzerland]] | |
| | |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{main|Environmental movement#Oceania|l1=Environmental movement in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Environmental movement in Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Environmental movement in New Zealand|New Zealand]] | |
| | |
| == Fascism and Nazism ==
| |
| {{Fascism sidebar}}{{Nazism sidebar}}{{Neo-fascism}}
| |
| {{main|Fascism}}
| |
| | |
| === General ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Classical Fascism|Classical fascism]] | |
| * [[Crypto-fascism]] | | * [[Crypto-fascism]] |
| * [[Eco-fascism]] | | * [[Anarcho-fascism]] |
| * [[Gay fascism]] | | * [[Dark Enlightenment]] |
| | * [[Ecofascism]] |
| | *Ecoexistencism |
| | * [[Homonationalism]] |
| | * [[Integralism]] |
| | ** [[Brazilian Integralism|Brazilian integralism]] |
| | ** [[Action Française|French integralism]] |
| | ** [[Integralismo Lusitano|Lusitanian integralism]] |
| | * [[Integral nationalism]] |
| | ** [[National syndicalism]] |
| | *** [[Fascist syndicalism]] |
| | *** [[Sorelianism]] |
| | * [[Left-wing fascism]] |
| | ** [[Regressive left]] |
| | * [[Nashism]] |
| | * [[National Radical Camp (disambiguation)|National radicalism]] |
| * [[Neo-fascism]] | | * [[Neo-fascism]] |
| * [[Para-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Post-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Proto-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Techno-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Tropical fascism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Alt-right movement]]
| |
| * [[Aryanism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative revolutionary movement]]
| |
| * [[Corporate statism]]
| |
| * [[Fascist corporatism]]
| |
| * [[Fascist mysticism]]
| |
| * [[Fascist syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Feudal fascism]]
| |
| * [[Identitarian movement]]
| |
| * [[National populism]]
| |
| * [[Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism]] | | * [[Neo-Nazism]] |
| * [[Nouvelle Droite]] | | ** [[Neo-völkisch movements]] |
| * [[Palingenetic ultranationalism]] | |
| * [[Racial nationalism]] | | * [[Racial nationalism]] |
| * [[Reactionary modernism]] | | * [[Reactionary modernism]] |
| Line 1,617: |
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| * [[Right-wing authoritarianism]] | | * [[Right-wing authoritarianism]] |
| * [[Supremacism]] | | * [[Supremacism]] |
| * [[Syncretic politics|Syncretism]]
| |
| * [[Third Position]] | | * [[Third Position]] |
| * [[Ultranationalism]] | | ** [[Nouvelle Droite]] |
| }}
| | *** [[Identarianism]] |
| | ** [[Peronism]] |
| | * [[Tropical fascism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Religious variants === |
| {{main|Anti-fascism}}
| |
| {{further|Criticism of fascism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anti-authoritarianism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-imperialism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-militarism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-racism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== By country ====
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Resistance during World War II|During and before World War II]]
| |
| ** [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|Albania]]
| |
| ** [[Austrian resistance|Austria]]
| |
| ** [[Belgian Resistance|Belgium]]
| |
| ** [[Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II|Bulgaria]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-Fascist Organisation|Burma]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-Japanese resistance volunteers in China|China]]
| |
| ** [[Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia|Czech Republic]]
| |
| ** [[Danish resistance movement|Denmark]]
| |
| ** [[French Resistance|France]]
| |
| *** [[Francs-Tireurs et Partisans]]
| |
| ** [[German resistance to Nazism|Germany]]
| |
| *** [[Antifaschistische Aktion]]
| |
| *** [[Iron Front]]
| |
| ** [[Greek Resistance|Greece]]
| |
| ** [[Antifascist Front of Slavs in Hungary|Hungary]]
| |
| ** [[Italian resistance movement|Italy]]
| |
| *** [[Arditi del Popolo]]
| |
| ** [[Japanese dissidence in 20th-century Imperial Japan|Japan]]
| |
| ** [[Lithuanian partisans|Lithuania]]
| |
| ** [[Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army|Malaysia]]
| |
| ** [[Moldovan resistance during World War II|Moldova]]
| |
| ** [[Dutch resistance|Netherlands]]
| |
| ** [[Norwegian resistance movement|Norway]]
| |
| ** [[Partisan (military)|Partisan resistance movement (multinational)]]
| |
| *** [[Jewish partisans]]
| |
| ** [[Philippine resistance against Japan|Philippines]]
| |
| ** [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Poland]]
| |
| *** [[Anti-Fascist Bloc]]
| |
| *** [[Jewish Combat Organization]]
| |
| ** [[Movement of National Antifascist Unity|Portugal]]
| |
| ** [[Slovak National Uprising|Slovakia]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet partisans|Soviet Union]]
| |
| ** [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Free Thai Movement|Thailand]]
| |
| ** [[Yugoslav Partisans|Yugoslavia]]
| |
| * [[Post-World War II anti-fascism|Post-World War II]]
| |
| ** [[Rosa Antifa|Austria]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League|Burma]]
| |
| ** [[Antifa (Germany)|Germany]]
| |
| *** [[Denazification]]
| |
| ** [[Antifascistisk Aktion|Sweden]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-fascism#United Kingdom: against Mosley's BUF|United Kingdom]]
| |
| *** [[Anti-Fascist Action]]
| |
| *** [[Anti-Nazi League]]
| |
| *** [[Movement for Justice by Any Means Necessary|Movement for Justice]]
| |
| *** [[Red Action]]
| |
| *** [[Squadism]]
| |
| *** [[Unite Against Fascism]]
| |
| ** [[Antifa (United States)|United States]]
| |
| *** [[Anti-Racist Action]]
| |
| *** [[BAMN|By Any Means Necessary]]
| |
| *** [[Redneck Revolt]]
| |
| *** [[Refuse Fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Skinheads Against Racial Prejudice]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| {{main|Fascism#Catholic Church|l1=Fascism and religion}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Christofascism]] | | * [[Christofascism]] |
| ** [[Christian Identity]]
| |
| ** [[Positive Christianity]]
| |
| * [[Clerical fascism]] | | * [[Clerical fascism]] |
| * [[Esoteric Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Ariosophy]]
| |
| * [[Islamofascism]] | | * [[Islamofascism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| {{main|List of fascist movements}}
| |
|
| |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{main|Fascism in Africa}}
| |
| * [[Hutu Power|Rwanda]]
| |
| * [[Fascism in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
| ** [[South African Gentile National Socialist Movement|Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Mobutism|Zaire]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{main|Fascism#Americas|l1=Fascism in America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Fascism in South America|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Argentina|Argentina]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in South America#Bolivia|Bolivia]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Fascism#Bolivia|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Brazil|Brazil]]
| |
| *** [[Brazilian Integralism|Integralism]]
| |
| *** [[Nazism in Brazil|Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Nazism#Brazil|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in South America#Chile|Chile]]
| |
| *** [[Nazism in Chile|Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Nazism#Chile|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in North America#Mexico|Mexico]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Peru|Peru]]
| |
| * [[Fascism in North America|North America]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Canada|Canada]]
| |
| *** [[National Unity Party (Canada)|Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Nazism in Canada|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| *** [[Nazism in the United States|Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Nazism in the United States|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-fascism#United States|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| **** [[Jack Donovan (writer)#Politics|Anarcho-fascism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| {{main|Fascism in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Fascism in East Asia|East Asian]]
| |
| ** [[Chinese Fascism|China]]
| |
| * [[Neo-fascism#Indonesia|Indonesia]]
| |
| ** [[Japanese fascism|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Neo-fascism#Mongolia|Mongolia]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Mongolia|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism#Taiwan|Taiwan]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Taiwan|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Fascism in Asia#West Asia|West Asian]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Iran|Iran]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Iran|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Revisionist Maximalism|Israel]]
| |
| *** [[Kahanism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Israel|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Kataeb Party|Lebanon]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism in Asia#Syria|Syria]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism#Turkey|Turkey]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Turkey|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|Fascism in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Albania]]
| |
| ** [[German occupation of Albania|Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Austrofascism|Austria]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Austria|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Austrian National Socialism|Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Rexism|Belgium]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Belgium|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism#Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
| |
| * [[Bulgarian National Socialist Workers Party|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[German occupation of Byelorussia during World War II|Belarus]]
| |
| * [[Ustashe|Croatia]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism in Croatia|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism in Croatia|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism#Czech Republic|Czech Republic]]
| |
| * [[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| * [[National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark|Denmark]]
| |
| ** [[National Socialist Movement of Denmark|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[German occupation of Estonia during World War II|Estonia]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Estonia#The Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Estonia|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[French fascism|France]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in France#World War II and the Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Vichy France|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#France|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Révolution nationale]]
| |
| * [[Nazism|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Nazi Germany]]
| |
| *** [[Antisemitism in Germany|Antisemitism]]
| |
| *** [[Hitlerism]]
| |
| *** [[Strasserism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism in Germany|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Völkisch movement]]
| |
| * [[Metaxism|Greece]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Greece#World War II, Resistance and the Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Greek National Socialist Party|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism in Greece|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Golden Dawn (political party)|Golden Dawn]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism in Greece|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Arrow Cross Party|Hungary]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Hungary|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Hungarian National Socialist Party|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Hungary|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Italian Fascism|Italy]]
| |
| ** [[National Fascist Party|Classical fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Actual idealism]]
| |
| **** [[Italian racial laws|Antisemitism]]
| |
| *** [[Fasci Italiani di Combattimento|Fasci movement]]
| |
| *** [[Futurist Political Party|Futurism]]
| |
| *** [[Mussolinism]]
| |
| *** [[Republican Fascist Party|Republican fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria|Revolutionary fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Sansepolcrismo]]
| |
| ** [[Italian Social Republic|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Italy|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Fascism in Italy|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Italian Social Movement]]
| |
| ** [[National Alliance (Italy)|Post-fascism]]
| |
| * [[German occupation of Latvia during World War II|Latvia]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Latvia#German occupation of Latvia, 1941–1944|Antisemitism]]
| |
| * [[German occupation of Lithuania during World War II|Lithuania]]
| |
| * [[National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in the Netherlands#The Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Reichskommissariat Niederlande|Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Netherlands|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Nasjonal Samling|Norway]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Norway#The Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism#Poland|Poland]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Poland|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[National Radical Camp|National radicalism]]
| |
| * [[National Union (Portugal)|Portugal]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Portugal#World War II|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism#Portugal|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Legionarism|Romania]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Romania#The Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[National Socialist Party (Romania)|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism#Romania|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| ** [[Ion Antonescu|Antonism]]
| |
| * [[Russian fascism (disambiguation)|Russia]]<!-- Intentional link to DAB page. -->
| |
| ** [[Eurasianism]]
| |
| *** [[Duginism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Eurasianism]]
| |
| ** [[Extremist nationalism in Russia|Extremist nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Black Hundreds]]
| |
| ** [[Nashism]]
| |
| ** [[Russian National Socialist Party|Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Nazism in Russia|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism in Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[Slovak People's Party|Slovakia]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism#Slovakia|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Slovakia|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Slovene Lands in World War II|Slovenia]]
| |
| ** [[History of the Jews in Slovenia#The Holocaust|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Andrej Šiško|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Falangism|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Francoism]]
| |
| * [[Nazism in Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Sweden#Fascists, Nazis and the Holocaust|Sweden]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism in Sweden|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-Nazism#Switzerland|Switzerland]]
| |
| * [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| ** [[Antisemitism in Ukraine#Antisemitism in Ukraine#World War II|Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism in Ukraine|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| * [[British fascism|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-fascism in the United Kingdom|Neo-fascism]]
| |
| * [[Yugoslav Radical Union|Yugoslavia]]
| |
| ** [[Nazi occupation of Yugoslavia|Antisemitism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Oceanian ==== | | == Feminism and identity politics == |
| {{main|Fascism#Oceania|l1=Fascism in Oceania}}
| | === Political internationals === |
| * [[Neo-Nazism#Oceania|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Fascism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Nazism#Oceania|Neo-Nazism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| == Identity politics ==
| |
| {{main|Identity politics}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[International Council of Women]] ([[feminism]]) | | * [[International Council of Women]] ([[feminism]]) |
| * [[Minority Rights Group International]] ([[minority rights]]) | | * [[Minority Rights Group International]] ([[minority rights]]) |
| * [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]] ([[indigenous rights]] and [[self-determination]]) | | * [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]] ([[self-determination]] and [[indigenous rights]]) |
|
| |
|
| === Age-related rights movements === | | === Age-related rights movements === |
| {{Youth rights sidebar}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Children's rights movement]] |
| * [[Pro life movement|Pro-life movement]]
| |
| *[[Children's rights movement]] | |
| * [[Elder rights|Elder rights movement]] | | * [[Elder rights|Elder rights movement]] |
| * [[Intergenerational equity]] | | * [[Intergenerational equity]] |
| * [[Youth rights|Youth rights movement]] | | * [[Youth rights|Youth rights movement]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Animal-related rights movements === | | === Disability-related rights movements === |
| {{Animal rights sidebar}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Abolitionism (animal rights)|Abolitionism]]
| |
| * [[Egalitarianism#Egalitarianism and non-human animals|Animal egalitarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-specism]]
| |
| * [[Animal protectionism]]
| |
| * [[Animal rights|Animal rights movement]]
| |
| * [[Animal liberation movement]]
| |
| * [[Animal welfare|Animal welfarism]]
| |
| ** [[Antinaturalism (politics)|Anti-naturalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Disability-related rights movements ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Disability rights movement]] | | * [[Disability rights movement]] |
| ** [[Deaf culture|Deaf rights movement]] | | ** [[Deaf culture|Deaf rights movement]] |
| Line 1,923: |
Line 407: |
| *** [[Mad Pride|Mad pride movement]] | | *** [[Mad Pride|Mad pride movement]] |
| *** [[Psychiatric survivors movement]] | | *** [[Psychiatric survivors movement]] |
| **** [[Anti-psychiatry]]
| |
| * [[Fat acceptance movement]] | | * [[Fat acceptance movement]] |
| ** [[Fat feminism]] | | ** [[Fat feminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Feminism === | | === Feminism === |
| {{Feminism sidebar}}{{Feminist philosophy sidebar}}{{main|Feminism}}
| | {{main articles|Feminism}} |
|
| |
|
| ==== General ==== | | ==== General ==== |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Analytical feminism]] | | * [[Analytical feminism]] |
| * [[Anarcha-feminism]] | | * [[Anarcha-feminism]] |
| * [[Care-focused feminism]] | | * [[Antifeminism]] |
| * [[Conservative feminism]] | | * [[Conservative feminism]] |
| | ** [[Anti-abortion feminism]] |
| | ** [[Individualist feminism]] |
| * [[Cultural feminism]] | | * [[Cultural feminism]] |
| * [[Cyberfeminism]] | | * [[Cyberfeminism]] |
| * [[Difference feminism]] | | * [[Difference feminism]] |
| * [[Eco-feminism]] | | ** [[New feminism]] |
| ** [[Vegetarian ecofeminism|Vegetarian eco-feminism]] | | * [[Ecofeminism]] |
| | ** [[Vegetarian ecofeminism]] |
| * [[Equality feminism]] | | * [[Equality feminism]] |
| * [[Who Stole Feminism?|Gender feminism]] | | * [[Feminist economics]] |
| * [[Individualist feminism]] | | * [[Feminist urbanism]] |
| * [[Intersectional feminism]] | | * [[Gender feminism]] |
| * [[Labor feminism]] | | * [[Labor feminism]] |
| * [[Lesbian feminism]] | | * [[Lesbian feminism]] |
| * [[Liberal feminism]] | | * [[Liberal feminism]] |
| ** [[Equity feminism]] | | ** [[Equity feminism]] |
| | * [[Libertarian feminism]] |
| * [[Lipstick feminism]] | | * [[Lipstick feminism]] |
| ** [[Neo-feminism]] | | ** [[Neofeminism]] |
| * [[Material feminism]] | | * [[Material feminism]] |
| * [[Maternal feminism]] | | * [[Maternal feminism]] |
| * [[Post-modern feminism]] | | * [[Postmodern feminism]] |
| * [[Pro-feminism]]
| |
| * [[Radical feminism]] | | * [[Radical feminism]] |
| ** [[TERF|Trans-exclusionary radical feminism]]
| |
| ** [[Women's liberation movement]] | | ** [[Women's liberation movement]] |
| * [[Separatist feminism]] | | * [[Separatist feminism]] |
| Line 1,966: |
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| * [[Standpoint feminism]] | | * [[Standpoint feminism]] |
| * [[State feminism]] | | * [[State feminism]] |
| | * [[Trans-exclusionary radical feminism]] |
| * [[Transfeminism]] | | * [[Transfeminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Opposition ==== | | ==== Chronological variants ==== |
| * [[Antifeminism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Chronological variants ====
| | * [[Protofeminism]] |
| {{main|History of feminism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Proto-feminism]] | |
| * [[First-wave feminism]] | | * [[First-wave feminism]] |
| * [[Second-wave feminism]] | | * [[Second-wave feminism]] |
| * [[Third-wave feminism]] | | * [[:en:Third-wave_feminism|Third-wave feminism]] |
| * [[Fourth-wave feminism]] | | * [[:en:Fourth-wave_feminism|Fourth-wave feminism]] |
| * [[Post-feminism]] | | * [[:en:Postfeminism|Postfeminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Ethnic and social variants ==== | | ==== Ethnic and social variants ==== |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Black feminism]] | | * [[Black feminism]] |
| ** [[Hip-hop feminism]] | | ** [[Hip-hop feminism]] |
| Line 1,996: |
Line 475: |
| ** [[Native American feminism]] | | ** [[Native American feminism]] |
| * [[Jineology|Kurdish feminism]] | | * [[Jineology|Kurdish feminism]] |
| * [[Post-colonial feminism]] | | * [[Postcolonial feminism]] |
| ** [[Global feminism]] | | ** [[Global feminism]] |
| ** [[Third-world feminism]] | | ** [[Third-world feminism]] |
| ** [[Transnational feminism]] | | ** [[Transnational feminism]] |
| * [[White feminism]] | | * [[White feminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Religious variants ==== | | ==== Religious variants ==== |
| {{main|Religious feminism}} | | {{main articles|Religious feminism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Atheist feminism]] | | * [[Atheist feminism]] |
| * [[Buddhist feminism]] | | * [[Buddhist feminism]] |
| * [[Christian feminism]] | | * [[Christian feminism]] |
| ** [[New feminism]]
| |
| * [[Hindu feminism]] | | * [[Hindu feminism]] |
| * [[Islamic feminism]] | | * [[Islamic feminism]] |
| Line 2,016: |
Line 493: |
| * [[Mormon feminism]] | | * [[Mormon feminism]] |
| * [[Goddess movement|Neopagan feminism]] | | * [[Goddess movement|Neopagan feminism]] |
| ** [[Dianic Wicca]]
| |
| ** [[Reclaiming (Neopaganism)|Reclaiming]] | | ** [[Reclaiming (Neopaganism)|Reclaiming]] |
| * [[Sikh feminism]] | | * [[Sikh feminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Regional variants ==== | | === LGBT social movements === |
| ===== African =====
| | {{main Article|LGBT social movements}} |
| {{main|African feminism|l1=Feminism in Africa}} | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Feminism in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Egypt|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Ethiopia|Ethiopia]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Ghana|Ghana]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Mali|Mali]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Nigeria|Nigeria]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
| }} | |
|
| |
|
| ===== American =====
| |
| {{main|History of feminism#America|l1=Feminism in America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Feminism in Latin America|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Argentina|Argentina]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Brazil|Brazil]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Chile|Chile]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Haiti|Haiti]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Honduras|Honduras]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Mexico|Mexico]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Paraguay|Paraguay]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]]
| |
| * [[Women's liberation movement in North America|North America]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in Canada|Canada]]
| |
| ** [[Feminism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ===== Asian =====
| |
| {{main|Women's liberation movement in Asia|l1=Feminism in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Feminism in Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in China|China]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in India|India]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Indonesia|Indonesia]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Iraq|Iraq]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Israel|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Japan|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Lebanon|Lebanon]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Malaysia|Malaysia]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Nepal|Nepal]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Northern Cyprus|Northern Cyprus]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in the Philippines|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Syria|Syria]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Taiwan|Taiwan]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Thailand|Thailand]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Turkey|Turkey]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Vietnam|Vietnam]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ===== European =====
| |
| {{main|Women's liberation movement in Europe|l1=Feminism in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Feminism in Albania|Albania]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Denmark|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Finland|Finland]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in France|France]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Germany|Germany]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Greece|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in the Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Italy|Italy]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Norway|Norway]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Poland|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Russia|Russia]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ===== Oceanian =====
| |
| {{main|Women's liberation movement in Oceania|l1=Feminism in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Feminism in Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
|
| |
| === LGBT social movements ===
| |
| {{main|LGBT social movements}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Gay liberation]] | | * [[Gay liberation]] |
| * [[Gay pride]] | | * [[Gay pride]] |
| * [[Gay socialism]]
| |
| * [[Homonationalism]] | | * [[Homonationalism]] |
| * [[LGBT conservatism]] | | * [[LGBT conservatism]] |
| * [[LGBT rights opposition]]
| |
| * [[Pink capitalism]]
| |
| * [[Queer anarchism]] | | * [[Queer anarchism]] |
| * [[Queer ecology]] | | * [[Queer ecology]] |
| * [[Queer nationalism]] | | * [[Queer nationalism]] |
| * [[Queer socialism]] | | * [[Socialism and LGBT rights|Queer socialism]] |
| * [[Transfeminism]] | | * [[Transfeminism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Men's movement === | | === Men's movement === |
| {{Masculism sidebar}}{{main|Men's movement}}
| | {{main article|Men's movement}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anti-feminism]] | | * [[Antifeminism]] |
| | ** [[Men's rights movement]] |
| * [[Fathers' rights movement]] | | * [[Fathers' rights movement]] |
| * [[Intactivism]] | | * [[Intactivism]] |
| | * [[Incel|Incelism]] |
| * [[Masculism]] | | * [[Masculism]] |
| * [[Meninism]]
| |
| * [[Men's rights movement]]
| |
| * [[Mythopoetic men's movement]] | | * [[Mythopoetic men's movement]] |
| * [[Patriarchy]] | | * [[Profeminism]] |
| * [[Pro-feminism]]
| |
| ** [[Men's liberation movement]] | | ** [[Men's liberation movement]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Regional variants ==== | | === Racial separatist and supremacist movements === |
| {{main|Fathers' rights movement by country}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | ==== Black ==== |
| * [[Fathers' rights movement in Australia|Australia]] | | |
| * [[Men's rights movement in India|India]] | | * [[Black nationalism]] |
| * [[Fathers' rights movement in Italy|Italy]] | | * [[Black separatism]] |
| * [[Fathers' rights movement in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] | | |
| * [[Fathers' rights movement in the United States|United States]] | | ==== White ==== |
| }}
| | |
| | * [[Alt-right]] |
| | * [[White nationalism]] |
| | * [[White separatism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Self-determination movements === | | === Self-determination movements === |
| {{main|Self-determination}} | | {{see also|Self-determination}} |
|
| |
|
| ==== African-American ==== | | ==== African-American ==== |
| {{Black Power sidebar}}
| | |
| {{main|Black pride}}
| | * [[African-American self-determination]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[African-American self-determination|African-American self-determination movement]] | |
| * [[Black anarchism]] | | * [[Black anarchism]] |
| * [[Black capitalism]] | | * [[Black capitalism]] |
| Line 2,160: |
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| * [[Black power]] | | * [[Black power]] |
| * [[Pan-Africanism]] | | * [[Pan-Africanism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Indigenous peoples ==== | | ==== Indigenous peoples ==== |
| {{indigenous rights}}
| | |
| {{main|Indigenism}}
| | * [[Idle No More|Canadian First Nations self-determination]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Indigenismo]] |
| * [[Self-determination of Australian Aborigines|Australian Aborigines self-determination movement]]
| | * [[Māori protest movement|Maori self-determination]] |
| * [[Idle No More|First Nations self-determination movement]] | | * [[Native American self-determination]] |
| * [[Greenlandic independence movement]]
| |
| * [[Indigenismo|Indigenous self-determination movement]] | |
| * [[Māori protest movement|Māori self-determination movement]] | |
| * [[Native American self-determination|Native American self-determination movement]] | |
| ** [[American Indian Movement]] | | ** [[American Indian Movement]] |
| * [[Pan-Indianism]] | | * [[Pan-Indianism]] |
| }}
| | * [[Self-determination of Australian Aborigines]] |
|
| |
|
| ==== Latin American ==== | | ==== Latin American ==== |
| {{main|La raza}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Chicanismo]] |
| * [[Chicanismo|Chicanism]] | |
| ** [[Chicano movement]] | | ** [[Chicano movement]] |
| * [[Hispanismo|Hispanicism]] | | * [[Hispanismo]] |
| * [[Indigenismo|Indigenism]] | | * [[Indigenismo]] |
| ** [[Indigenismo in Mexico|Mexico]]
| | * [[Pan-americanism]] |
| ** [[Indigenismo#Indigenismo in Peru|Peru]]
| | * [[Panhispanism]] |
| * [[Pan-Americanism]] | |
| * [[Panhispanism|Pan-Hispanism]] | |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Separatist and supremacist movements === | | == Liberalism == |
| {{main|Separatism|Supremacism}} | | {{main articles|Liberalism|Liberalism by country}} |
|
| |
|
| ==== Ethnic ==== | | === Political internationals === |
| {{main|Ethnic separatism|Ethnic supremacism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Afrocentrism]]
| |
| * [[19th-century Anglo-Saxonism|Anglo-Saxonism]]
| |
| * [[Apartheid]]ism
| |
| * [[Antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Cultural antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Economic antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[New antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Political antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Racial antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[Religious antisemitism]]
| |
| * [[Arab supremacy|Arab supremacism]]
| |
| * [[Auto-segregation]]ism
| |
| * [[Eurocentrism]]
| |
| * [[Indocentrism]]
| |
| * [[Institutional racism]]
| |
| * [[Manifest destiny]]
| |
| * [[Nordicism]]
| |
| * [[Racialism]]
| |
| * [[Racial segregation]]ism
| |
| * [[Racial separatism (disambiguation)|Racial separatism]]<!-- Intentional link to DAB page. -->
| |
| * [[Racial supremacism]]
| |
| * [[Racism]]
| |
| * [[Scientific racism]]
| |
| * [[Secessionism]]
| |
| * [[Sinocentrism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ===== Black =====
| |
| * [[Black nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Black separatism]]
| |
| * [[Black supremacism]]
| |
|
| |
| ===== White =====
| |
| * [[Alt-right movement]]
| |
| * [[White nationalism]]
| |
| * [[White separatism]]
| |
| * [[White supremacism]]
| |
|
| |
| ===== Regional variants =====
| |
| ====== African ======
| |
| {{main|List of active separatist movements in Africa|l1=Separatism in Africa}}
| |
| * [[Apartheid in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
|
| |
| ====== American ======
| |
| {{main|Separatism#Americas|l1=Separatism in the Americas}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Separatism#Americas|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Casta|Racial segregationism]]
| |
| * [[Separatism#Americas|North America]]
| |
| ** [[Secessionist movements of Canada|Canada]]
| |
| *** [[Racial segregation in Canada|Racial segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation in Greater Vancouver|Greater Vancouver]]
| |
| ** [[Secession in the United States|United States]]
| |
| *** [[Racial segregation in the United States|Racial segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation in Atlanta|Atlanta segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Auto-segregation#United States|Auto-segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation of churches in the United States|Church segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation of public housing in the United States|Public house segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Residential segregation in the United States|Residential segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[School segregation in the United States|School segregationism]]
| |
| ***** [[Segregation academy|Academic segregationism]]
| |
| ***** [[Black school|Black school segregationism]]
| |
| **** [[Racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces|United States Armed Forces]]
| |
| *** [[White nationalism#United States|White nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[White supremacy in the United States|White supremacism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ====== Asian ======
| |
| {{main|Separatism#Asia|l1=Separatism in Asia}}
| |
| * [[Separatism in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
|
| |
| ====== European ======
| |
| {{main|Separatism in Europe}}
| |
| * [[Partition of Belgium|Belgium]]
| |
| * [[Partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia, and Herzegovina]]
| |
| * [[Abkhaz–Georgian conflict|Georgia]]
| |
| * [[Dissolution of Russia|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Chechen–Russian conflict|Separatism in Chechnya]]
| |
| ** [[Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan|Separatism in Dagestan]]
| |
| ** [[All-Tatar Public Center|Separatism in Tatarstan]]
| |
| ** [[Ural Republic|Separatism in Ural]]
| |
| * [[Kosovo War|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[National and regional identity in Spain|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Basque nationalism|Basque separatism]]
| |
| ** [[Catalan independence movement|Catalan separatism]]
| |
| * [[Separatism in eastern Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[Separatism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
|
| |
| ====== Oceania ======
| |
| {{main|Separatism#Australasia|l1=Separatism in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Secessionism in Western Australia|Australia]]
| |
| ** [[Secessionism in Tasmania|Tasmania]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== Gender ====
| |
| {{main|Separatism#Gender and sexist speratism|Sexism|l1=Gender separatism}}
| |
| * [[Feminist separatism]]
| |
| ** [[Lesbian separatism]]
| |
| * [[Homonationalism]]
| |
| * [[Matriarchy]]
| |
| * [[Patriarchy]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== Religious variants ====
| |
| {{main|Religious separatism|Supremacism#Fundamentalism|l2=Religious supremacism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Buddhist fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Christian fundamentalism]]
| |
| *** [[Catholic fundamentalism]]
| |
| *** [[Protestant fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Hindu fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Islamic fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Jewish fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Fundamentalism#Pagan|Pagan fundamentalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Student movements ===
| |
| {{Students' rights sidebar}}{{main|Student rights}}
| |
|
| |
| ==== General ====
| |
| * [[Anarchistic free school|Anarchist free school movement]]
| |
| * [[Student activism]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== Regional variants ====
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Student activism#Argentina|Argentina]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Student politics of Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]
| |
| * [[Student activism in canada|Canada]]
| |
| * [[2011–13 Chilean student protests|Chile]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#China|China]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Democratic Republic of Congo|Congo]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Eastern Europe and the post-Soviet Union states|Eastern Europe]]
| |
| ** [[MJAFT!|Albania]]
| |
| ** [[Zubr (political organization)|Belarus]]
| |
| ** [[Prague Spring|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| ** [[Kmara|Georgia]]
| |
| ** [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956|Hungary]]
| |
| ** [[KelKel|Kyrgyzstan]]
| |
| ** [[Otpor!|Serbia]]
| |
| ** [[PORA|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[European Students' Union|European Union]]
| |
| ** [[May 1968 events in France|France]]
| |
| ** [[German student movement|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[2010 United Kingdom student protests|United Kingdom]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| ** [[Umbrella Revolution]]
| |
| ** [[Hong Kong Federation of Students]]
| |
| ** [[Moral and National Education controversy#Pressure groups and protests|Occupy Tamar]]
| |
| ** [[Scholarism]]
| |
| ** [[Umbrella Movement]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#India|India]]
| |
| ** [[Assam Movement]]
| |
| ** [[2017 pro-jallikattu protests|Pro-jallikattu movement]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Indonesia|Indonesia]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Israel|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Japan|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Student movements in Korea|Korea]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Malaysia|Malaysia]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#México|Mexico]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Philippines|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#Taiwan|Taiwan]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-Black Box Curriculum Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Sunflower Student Movement]]
| |
| * [[Student movements in Uganda|Uganda]]
| |
| * [[Student activism#United States|United States]]
| |
| ** [[Students for a Democratic Society (2006 organization)|New Students for a Democratic Society]]
| |
| ** [[Rouge Forum]]
| |
| ** [[Students for a Democratic Society]]
| |
| *** [[Worker Student Alliance]]
| |
| ** [[Student Press Law Center]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| == Liberalism ==
| |
| {{Liberalism sidebar}}{{Individualism sidebar}}
| |
| {{main|Liberalism}}
| |
| {{further|Age of Enlightenment}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Liberal International]] ([[liberalism]]) | | * [[Liberal International]] ([[liberalism]]) |
| * [[Transnational Radical Party]] ([[Radicalism (historical)|radicalism]]) | | * [[Transnational Radical Party]] ([[Radicalism (historical)|radicalism]]) |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === General === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Agonistic liberalism]] | | * [[Agonistic liberalism]] |
| * [[Classical liberalism]] | | * [[Classical liberalism]] |
| | ** [[Left-libertarianism]] |
| | *** [[Georgism]] |
| | **** [[Geolibertarianism]] |
| | ** [[Neoclassical liberalism]] |
| | ** [[Right-libertarianism]] |
| | *** [[Neoliberalism]] |
| * [[Conservative liberalism]] | | * [[Conservative liberalism]] |
| * [[Constitutional liberalism]] | | * [[Constitutionalism]] |
| | ** [[Constitutional liberalism]] |
| * [[Cultural liberalism]] | | * [[Cultural liberalism]] |
| * [[Democratic liberalism]] | | * [[Democratic liberalism]] |
| * [[Economic liberalism]]
| |
| * [[Green liberalism]] | | * [[Green liberalism]] |
| * [[Muscular liberalism]] | | * [[Muscular liberalism]] |
| * [[National liberalism]] | | * [[National liberalism]] |
| * [[Neoclassical liberalism]] | | * [[Progressivism]] |
| * [[Neo-liberalism]] | | * [[Republicanism]] |
| * [[Ordoliberalism]] | | ** [[Classical republicanism]] |
| * [[Secular liberalism]] | | * [[Secular liberalism]] |
| * [[Social liberalism]] | | * [[Social liberalism]] |
| * [[Technoliberalism]] | | * [[Technoliberalism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Other === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anti anti-communism]]
| | * [[Centrism]] |
| * [[Centrism|Liberal centrism]] | | ** [[Moderate|Moderatism]] |
| ** [[Communitarianism|Liberal communitarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Moderate|Liberal moderatism]] | |
| ** [[Syncretic politics|Liberal syncretism]]
| |
| ** [[Radical centrism]] | | ** [[Radical centrism]] |
| ** [[Sinistrisme]] | | ** [[Syncretic politics|Syncretism]] |
| ** [[Third Way]] | | ** [[Third Way]] |
| ** [[Trasformismo]]
| | * [[Communitarianism]] |
| * [[Constitutionalism|Liberal constitutionalism]]
| |
| * [[Egalitarianism#Legal egaitarianism|Liberal egalitarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Egalitarianism#Modern egalitarianism theory|Modern egalitarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Political egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Liberal autocracy]] | | * [[Liberal autocracy]] |
| * [[Liberal conservatism]] | | * [[Liberal conservatism]] |
| * [[Liberal corporatism]] | | * [[Liberal corporatism]] |
| * [[Liberal democracy]]
| |
| * [[Liberal feminism]] | | * [[Liberal feminism]] |
| ** [[Equity feminism]] | | ** [[Equity feminism]] |
| * [[Liberal internationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Cosmopolitanism]]
| |
| ** [[Globalism]]
| |
| ** [[Globalization]]ism
| |
| *** [[Cultural globalization]]ism
| |
| *** [[Economic globalization]]ism
| |
| *** [[Political globalization]]ism
| |
| * [[Social progressivism|Liberal progressivism]]
| |
| * [[Liberal socialism]] | | * [[Liberal socialism]] |
| **[[Ethical socialism]]
| | * [[Nordic model]] |
| * [[Democratic transhumanism|Liberal transhumanism]] | | * [[Pirate politics]] |
| * [[Welfare state#Three worlds of the welfare state|Liberal welfarism]]
| | * [[Radicalism (historical)|Radicalism]] |
| * [[Radicalism (historical)|Liberal radicalism]] | | * [[Social corporatism]] |
| * [[Republicanism|Liberal republicanism]] | | * [[Welfare capitalism]] |
| ** [[Classical republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Republicanism#Democracy|Democratic republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Legal egalitarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Republicanism#Modern republicanism|Modern republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-republicanism]]
| |
| * [[Social libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Whiggism]] | | * [[Whiggism]] |
| }}
| | ** [[Christian democracy]] |
| | *** [[Christian corporatism]] |
| | *** [[Distributism]] |
| | **** [[Social credit|Social credit movement]] |
| | *** [[Ordoliberalism]] |
| | **** [[Social market economy]] |
| | *** [[Popolarismo]] |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Libertarianism === |
| * [[Liberalism#Criticism and support|Anti-liberalism]]
| | {{main articles|Libertarianism|Left-libertarianism|Right-libertarianism}} |
| * [[Illiberal democracy]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | === Political internationals === |
| {{main|Liberalism by country}}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== African ====
| | * [[International Alliance of Libertarian Parties]] ([[right-libertarianism]]) |
| {{main|History of liberalism#Africa and Asia|l1=Liberalism in Africa}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Egypt|Egypt]] | |
| * [[Liberalism in Nigeria|Nigeria]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Senegal|Senegal]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Tunisia|Tunisia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ==== | | === General === |
| {{main|History of liberalism#Americas|l1=Liberalism in America}}
| |
| {{Liberalism US}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Latin America|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Bolivia|Bolivia]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Brazil|Brazil]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism and radicalism in Chile|Chile]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Colombia|Colombia]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Cuba|Cuba]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Ecuador|Ecuador]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Honduras|Honduras]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Mexico|Mexico]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Nicaragua|Nicaragua]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Panama|Panama]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism and radicalism in Paraguay|Paraguay]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Peru|Peru]]
| |
| ** [[Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)|Puerto Rico]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Uruguay|Uruguay]]
| |
| ** [[Liberal Party (Venezuela)|Venezuela]]
| |
| * [[History of liberalism#Americas|North America]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in Canada|Canada]]
| |
| ** [[Liberalism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| *** [[Abolitionism in the United States|Abolitionism]]
| |
| *** [[Anti-Federalism]]
| |
| **** [[Anti-Administration party]]
| |
| **** [[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic republicanism]]
| |
| ***** [[Jacobin (politics)#United States|Jacobinism]]
| |
| ***** [[Jeffersonian democracy|Jeffersonianism]]
| |
| *** [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratism]]
| |
| **** [[New Democrats|New democratism]]
| |
| ***** [[Clintonism]]
| |
| *** [[Liberal Republican Party (United States)|Liberal republicanism]]
| |
| **** [[Moderate Republican|Moderate republicanism]]
| |
| **** [[Radical Republican|Radical republicanism]]
| |
| *** [[Modern liberalism in the United States|Modern liberalism]]
| |
| **** [[Libertarianism in the United States|Classical liberalism]]
| |
| ****[[New Deal liberalism]]
| |
| ***** [[New Deal coalition]]
| |
| **** [[Progressivism in the United States|Progressive movement]]
| |
| **** [[Wilsonianism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Asian ====
| | * [[Autarchism]] |
| {{main|History of liberalism#Africa and Asia|l1=Liberalism in Asia}}
| | * [[Classical liberalism]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | ** [[Neoclassical liberalism]] |
| * [[Liberalism in China|China]] | | ** [[Neoliberalism]] |
| * [[Liberalism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] | |
| * [[Liberalism in India|India]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Israel|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Japan|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Liberal Party (Philippines)|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Taiwan|Taiwan]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Thailand|Thailand]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Turkey|Turkey]]
| |
| **[[Liberal Kemalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|Liberalism in Europe}}
| |
| {{Liberalism in the United Kingdom}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Albania|Albania]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Armenia|Armenia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Austria|Austria]]
| |
| ** [[Jacobin (politics)#Austria|Jacobinism]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Belgium|Belgium]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Croatia|Croatia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Cyprus|Cyprus]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in the Czech lands|Czech lands]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Denmark|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and centrism in Estonia|Estonia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and centrism in Finland|Finland]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in France|France]]
| |
| ** [[Abolitionism in France|Abolitionism]]
| |
| *** [[Society of the Friends of the Blacks]]
| |
| ** [[Opportunist Republicans|Republican Left]]
| |
| ** [[Revolutionary France]]
| |
| *** [[Left–right political spectrum#History of the terms|Historical Left]]
| |
| **** [[Jacobins]]
| |
| ***** [[Cordeliers]]
| |
| ***** [[Dantonists]]
| |
| ***** [[Girondins]]
| |
| ***** [[Hébertists]]
| |
| ***** [[The Mountain|Montagnards]]
| |
| *** [[Modérantisme]]
| |
| **** [[Feuillant (political group)|Feuillants Club]]
| |
| **** [[The Plain|Maraisards]]
| |
| ***** [[Thermidorian Reaction|Thermidorians]]
| |
| **** [[Monarchiens]]
| |
| **** [[Society of 1789]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Germany|Germany]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Greece|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Hungary|Hungary]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and centrism in Iceland|Iceland]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Italy|Italy]]
| |
| ** [[Historical Left]]
| |
| ** [[Historical Right]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Latvia|Latvia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Lithuania|Lithuania]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in the Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Moldova|Moldova]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Montenegro|Montenegro]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in the Netherlands|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Norway|Norway]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Poland|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Portugal|Portugal]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Romania|Romania]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Russia|Russia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Slovakia|Slovakia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Slovenia|Slovenia]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Spain|Spain]]
| |
| **[[Krausism#Spanish Krausism|Krausism]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and centrism in Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland|Switzerland]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[Liberalism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Abolitionism in the United Kingdom|Abolitionism]]
| |
| ** [[Gladstonian liberalism]]
| |
| ** [[Manchester Liberalism]] | |
| *** [[Cobdenism]]
| |
| ** [[Muscular liberalism]]
| |
| ** [[Social liberalism#United Kingdom|New liberalism]] | |
| ** [[Radicals (UK)|Radicalism]]
| |
| *** [[Chartism]]
| |
| *** [[Foxite]]s
| |
| *** [[Jacobin (politics)#United Kingdom|Jacobinism]]
| |
| *** [[Philosophical Radicals|Philosophical Radicalism]]
| |
| ** [[Roundheads]]
| |
| *** [[Oliver Cromwell|Cromwellism]]
| |
| *** [[Whigs (British political party)|Whigs]]
| |
| ** [[Herbert Spencer|Spencerianism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{main|History of liberalism#Oceania|l1=Liberalism in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Liberalism in Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Historic liberalism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| | |
| == Libertarianism ==
| |
| {{Libertarianism sidebar}}{{main|Libertarianism}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Center for a Stateless Society]] ([[left-libertarianism]])
| |
| * [[International Alliance of Libertarian Parties]] ([[right-libertarianism]])
| |
| * [[International of Anarchist Federations]] ([[anarchism]])
| |
| * [[The IU|International Union for Land Value Taxation]] ([[geoism]])
| |
| * [[Liberty International (organization)|Liberty International]] ([[right-libertarianism]])
| |
| | |
| === Left-libertarianism ===
| |
| {{Libertarian socialism sidebar}}{{main|Left-libertarianism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Left-libertarianism#Classical liberal radicalism|Classical liberal radicalism]]
| |
| * [[Eco-socialism]]
| |
| * [[Free-market anarchism]] | | * [[Free-market anarchism]] |
| * [[Free-market anti-capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[Agorism]] | | ** [[Agorism]] |
| ** [[Counter-economics]] | | ** [[Anarcho-capitalism]] |
| ** [[Free-market socialism]] | | ** [[Left-wing market anarchism]] |
| ** [[Left-wing laissez-faire]]
| | * [[Green libertarianism]] |
| ** [[Market-oriented left-libertarianism]]
| | * [[Left-libertarianism]] |
| ** [[Really Really Free Market|Really Really Free Market movement]] | | ** [[Georgism]] |
| * [[Geolibertarianism]] | | *** [[Geolibertarianism]] |
| * [[Green anarchism]] | | ** [[Libertarian socialism]] |
| * [[Individualist anarchism]] | | * [[Libertarian feminism]] |
| * [[Libertarian communism]] | | * [[Libertarian paternalism]] |
| * [[Libertarian Marxism]] | | * [[Libertarian transhumanism]] |
| * [[Libertarian socialism]] | | * [[Neo-libertarianism]] |
| * [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]] | |
| * [[Social anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Social libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Steiner–Vallentyne school]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Right-libertarianism === | | === Right-libertarianism === |
| {{main|Right-libertarianism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anarcho-capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[Crypto-anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Austro-libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Chicago school (economics)|Chicagoanism]]
| |
| * [[Conservative libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Fiscal conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Free-market]]ism
| |
| ** [[Free-market fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Right-wing laissez-faire]]
| |
| * [[Fusionism]]
| |
| * [[Neo-liberalism]]
| |
| * [[Paleolibertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Propertarianism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other ===
| |
| {{see also|Classical liberalism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Autarchism]]
| |
| * [[Civil libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Consequentialist libertarianism]] | | * [[Consequentialist libertarianism]] |
| * [[Constitutionalism]] | | * [[Fusionism]] |
| * [[Laissez-faire]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian conservatism]] | | * [[Libertarian conservatism]] |
| * [[Libertarian feminism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian paternalism]]
| |
| * [[Minarchism]] | | * [[Minarchism]] |
| * [[Natural-rights libertarianism]] | | * [[Natural-rights libertarianism]] |
| * [[Neoclassical liberalism]] | | * [[Objectivism and libertarianism|Objectivist libertarianism]] |
| * [[Panarchy (political philosophy)|Panarchism]]
| | * [[Paleolibertarianism]] |
| * [[Radicalism (historical)|Radicalism]]
| | * [[Panarchism]] |
| *[[Technolibertarianism]] | | * [[Propertarianism]] |
| **[[Libertarian transhumanism]]
| |
| ***[[Anarcho-transhumanism]]
| |
| **[[Californian Ideology]]
| |
| **[[Techno-utopianism]]
| |
| * [[Voluntaryism]] | | * [[Voluntaryism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Religious variants === |
| * [[Criticism of libertarianism|Anti-libertarianism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| * [[Christian libertarianism]] | | * [[Christian libertarianism]] |
| * [[Libertarian Christianity]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | == Nationalism == |
| ==== African ====
| | {{main articles|Nationalism}} |
| * [[Libertarianism in South Africa|South Africa]]
| |
| ** [[Anarchism in South Africa|Anarchism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ==== | | === Political internationals === |
| {{Libertarianism in the United States sidebar}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Libertarian Party of Canada|Canada]]
| |
| ** [[Anarchism in Canada|Anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarianism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ===== United States =====
| |
| {{main|Libertarianism in the United States}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anarcho-capitalism#Influences|Anarcho-capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[David D. Friedman#The Machinery of Freedom|Freedmanian anarcho-capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[Murray Rothbard#Anarcho-capitalism|Rothbardian anarcho-capitalism]]
| |
| *** [[Hans-Hermann Hoppe|Hoppean anarcho-capitalism]]
| |
| * [[Anarchism in the United States#Early American anarcho-communism|Anarcho-communism]]
| |
| * [[Industrial Workers of the World|Anarcho-syndicalism]]
| |
| ** [[Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics|Wobblyism]]
| |
| * [[Timothy C. May|Crypto-anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Individualist anarchism in the United States#American egoism|Egoist anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Left-wing market anarchism#Precedents|Free-market anti-capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[Free-market anarchism#History|Free-market anarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Samuel Edward Konkin III|Agorism]]
| |
| *** [[Individualist anarchism in the United States#Overview|Free-market socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Laissez-faire socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Mutualism (economic theory)#Ideological development|Mutualism]]
| |
| **** [[Mutualism (economic theory)#Mutualism today|Neo-mutualism]]
| |
| *** [[Free-market anarchism#Alliance between market-oriented libertarians and the New Left|Market-oriented left-libertarianism]]
| |
| **** [[Left-wing laissez-faire]]
| |
| ***** [[Laissez-faire socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Left-wing market anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Green anarchism#Mid-20th century|Green anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Individualist anarchism in the United States|Individualist anarchism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian Democrat|Libertarian democratism]]
| |
| ** [[Bleeding-heart libertarianism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian Republican|Libertarian republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Conservative libertarianism]]
| |
| *** [[Reaganism]]
| |
| * [[Laissez-faire#United States|Right-wing laissez-faire]]
| |
| ** [[Laissez-faire capitalism]]
| |
| ** [[Raw capitalism]]
| |
| * [[Social Anarchism or Lifestyle Anarchism|Social anarchism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| * [[Libertarianism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== European ====
| |
| * [[Libertarianism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Anarchism in the United Kingdom|Anarchism]]
| |
| *** [[Anarcho-communism in the United Kingdom|Anarcho-communism]]
| |
| *** [[Anarcho-naturism#Other countries|Anarcho-naturism]]
| |
| *** [[Individualist anarchism in Europe#United Kingdom and Ireland|Individualist anarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Thatcherism]]
| |
|
| |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| * [[Libertarian Party of Australia|Australia]]
| |
| ** [[Anarchism in Australia|Anarchism]]
| |
| ***[[Harry Hooton#Anarcho-technocracy|Anarcho-technocracy]]
| |
|
| |
| == Nationalism ==
| |
| {{Nationalism sidebar}}{{main|Nationalism}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[International Conference of Asian Political Parties]] ([[pan-Asianism]] and [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]) | | * [[International Conference of Asian Political Parties]] ([[pan-Asianism]] and [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]) |
| * [[The Movement (populist group)|The Movement]] ([[neo-nationalism]] and [[right-wing populism]]) | | * [[The Movement (populist group)|The Movement]] ([[neo-nationalism]]) |
| * [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]] ([[nationalism]] and [[self-determination]]) | | * [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]] ([[nationalism]] and [[self-determination]]) |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === General === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| | * [[Anti-imperialism]] |
| * [[Bourgeois nationalism]] | | * [[Bourgeois nationalism]] |
| | * [[Chauvinism]] |
| | ** [[Welfare chauvinism]] |
| * [[Civic nationalism]] | | * [[Civic nationalism]] |
| * [[Cultural nationalism]] | | * [[Corporate nationalism]] |
| * [[Diaspora politics|Diaspora nationalism]] | | * [[Econationalism|Eco-nationalism]] |
| * [[Eco-nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Economic nationalism]] | | * [[Economic nationalism]] |
| ** [[Business nationalism]] | | ** [[Business nationalism]] |
| ** [[Corporate nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Developmentalism]] | | ** [[Developmentalism]] |
| ** [[Protectionism]]
| |
| * [[Ethnic nationalism]] | | * [[Ethnic nationalism]] |
| * [[Expansionist nationalism]] | | * [[Expansionist nationalism]] |
| ** [[Imperialism]]
| | * [[Homonationalism]] |
| ** [[Irridentism]]
| | * [[Imperialism]] |
| ** [[Jingoism]] | | ** [[Globalism]] |
| ** [[Neo-colonialism]] | | ** [[Neocolonialism]] |
| ** [[Neo-imperialism]] | | ** [[Neo-imperialism]] |
| ** [[Revanchism]]
| | * [[Jingoism]] |
| * [[Homonationalism]]
| |
| * [[Integral nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Brazilian Integralism]]
| |
| ** [[Maurrassisme|Maurassisme]]
| |
| ** [[Integralismo Lusitano|Lusitanian integralism]]
| |
| * [[Left-wing nationalism]] | | * [[Left-wing nationalism]] |
| * [[Liberal nationalism]] | | * [[Liberal nationalism]] |
| * [[Wars of national liberation|Liberation nationalism]] | | * [[National mysticism]] |
| | * [[Nativism (politics)|Nativism]] |
| | * [[Neo nationalism|Neo-nationalism]] |
| * [[Pan-nationalism]] | | * [[Pan-nationalism]] |
| * [[Types of nationalism#Post-colonial nationalism|Post-colonial nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Queer nationalism]] | | * [[Queer nationalism]] |
| * [[Radical nationalism]] | | * [[Religious nationalism]] |
| * [[Revolutionary nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Right-wing nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Romantic nationalism]] | | * [[Romantic nationalism]] |
| * [[Socialist patriotism|Socialist nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Socialism in one country]]
| |
| ** [[Yugoslavism|Socialist Yugoslav nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Yugo-nostalgia]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Stalinism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Sovietism]]
| |
| *** [[Soviet nostalgia]]
| |
| * [[Territorial nationalism]] | | * [[Territorial nationalism]] |
| * [[Ultranationalism]] | | * [[Ultranationalism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Other === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anti-imperialism]]
| |
| ** [[Isolationism]]
| |
| ** [[Souverainism]]
| |
| * [[Chauvinism]]
| |
| ** [[Fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Nazism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Nazism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-fascism]]
| |
| ** [[Welfare chauvinism]]
| |
| * [[Communitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Hard Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Soft Euroscepticism]]
| |
| * [[Nashism]]
| |
| * [[National-anarchism]] | | * [[National-anarchism]] |
| * [[National Bolshevism]] | | * [[National Bolshevism]] |
| * [[National capitalism]]
| |
| * [[National communism]] | | * [[National communism]] |
| * [[National conservatism]] | | * [[National conservatism]] |
| * [[National liberalism]] | | * [[National liberalism]] |
| * [[National mysticism]]
| |
| * [[National populism]] | | * [[National populism]] |
| * [[Socialist nationalism|National socialism]] | | * [[National syndicalism]] |
| * [[National syndicalism]] | | * [[National Socialism]] |
| * [[Nativism (politics)|Nativism]]
| |
| * [[Patriotism]]
| |
| * [[Souverainism|Sovereignism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Unification movements === |
| {{main|Anti-nationalism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anationalism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-patriotism]]
| |
| * [[Anti-Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Religious anti-Zionism]]
| |
| * [[Cosmopolitanism]]
| |
| * [[Globalism]]
| |
| * [[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Cosmopolitan democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Liberal internationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Postnationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Proletarian internationalism]]
| |
| ** [[World communism|Socialist internationalism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants ===
| | * [[Anti-globalization movement]] |
| {{main|Religious nationalism}}
| | ** [[Alter-globalization]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | ** [[Global citizens movement]] |
| * [[Buddhism and violence|Buddhist nationalism]] | | ** [[Global justice movement]] |
| ** [[969 Movement]]
| | * [[Anti-nationalism]] |
| ** [[Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism]]
| | ** [[Anationalism]] |
| * [[Christian nationalism]]
| | ** [[Antipatriotism]] |
| * [[Hindu nationalism]]
| | ** [[Cosmopolitanism]] |
| * [[Muslim nationalism]]
| | ** [[Democratic globalization]] |
| * [[New Confucianism]]
| | ** [[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]] |
| * [[Religious Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Christian Zionism]]
| |
| * [[Khalistan movement|Sikh nationalism]]
| |
| * [[State Shinto]]
| |
| ** [[Statism in Shōwa Japan|Showa Statism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{Pan-African}}
| |
| {{main|African nationalism|l1=Nationalism in Africa}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Algerian nationalism|Algeria]]
| |
| * [[Berberism|Berber]]
| |
| * [[Congolese nationalism (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|East Congo]]
| |
| ** [[Lumumbism]]
| |
| * [[Nasserism|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Ethiopian nationalism|Ethiopia]]
| |
| * [[Hutu Power]]
| |
| * [[Malagasy Uprising|Madagascar]]
| |
| * [[Nigerian nationalism|Nigeria]]
| |
| ** [[Igbo nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Somali nationalism|Somalia]]
| |
| * [[National Party (South Africa)|South Africa]]
| |
| ** [[Afrikaner nationalism|Afrikaners]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Argentine nationalism|Argentina]]
| |
| * [[Brazilian nationalism|Brazil]]
| |
| * [[Canadian nationalism|Canada]]
| |
| ** [[Quebec nationalism|Quebec]]
| |
| * [[Costa Rican nationalism|Costa Rica]]
| |
| * [[Creole nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Greenlandic independence|Greenland]]
| |
| * [[Nationalism in Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]]
| |
| * [[American nationalism|United States]]
| |
| ** [[American exceptionalism]]
| |
| ** [[Americanism (ideology)|Americanism]]
| |
| ** [[Chicano nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Hawaiian sovereignty movement]]
| |
| ** [[Manifest destiny]]
| |
| ** [[New Nationalism (Theodore Roosevelt)|New Nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Puerto Rico independence movement]]
| |
| ** [[Southern nationalism]] | |
| *** [[Confederate States of America|Confederatism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Confederate|Neo-confederate movement]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Arab nationalism|Arab]]
| |
| ** [[Lebanese nationalism|Lebanon]]
| |
| ** [[Palestinian nationalism|Palestine]]
| |
| * [[Assyrian nationalism|Assyria]]
| |
| * [[Azerbaijani nationalism|Azerbaijan]]
| |
| * [[Bangladeshi nationalism|Bangladesh]]
| |
| * [[Khmer nationalism|Cambodia]]
| |
| * [[Chinese nationalism|China]]
| |
| ** [[Uyghur nationalism|East Turkistan]]
| |
| ** [[Taiwanese nationalism|Taiwan]]
| |
| *** [[Taiwan independence movement]]
| |
| ** [[Tibetan nationalism|Tibet]]
| |
| * [[Indian nationalism|India]]
| |
| ** [[Assamese nationalism|Assam]]
| |
| *** [[Bodo nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Bengali nationalism|Bengal]]
| |
| ** [[Dravidian nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Kerala reformation movement|Kerala]]
| |
| *** [[Tamil nationalism|Tamil Nadu]]
| |
| ** [[Indian independence movement]] | |
| *** [[Opposition to the partition of India|Anti-partitionism]]
| |
| **** [[Composite nationalism]]
| |
| **** [[Hindu–Muslim unity]]
| |
| *** [[Two-nation theory]]
| |
| **** [[Hindu nationalism]]
| |
| **** [[Muslim nationalism in South Asia]]
| |
| ** [[Kashmiriyat|Kashmir]] | |
| *** [[Khilafat Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Naga nationalism|Nagaland]] | |
| ** [[Punjabi nationalism|Punjab]] | |
| *** [[Khalistan movement|Sikh nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Tripuri nationalism|Tripura]]
| |
| * [[Indonesian National Awakening|Indonesia]]
| |
| * [[Iranian nationalism|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Israeli nationalism|Israel]]
| |
| ** [[Green Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Golus nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Labor Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Post-Zionism]]
| |
| ** [[Revisionist Zionism]]
| |
| * [[Japanese nationalism|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Karen conflict|Karen]]
| |
| * [[Korean nationalism|Korean]]
| |
| ** [[Korean ethnic nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Kurdish nationalism|Kurdish]]
| |
| ** [[Kurdish Islamism]]
| |
| * [[Early Malay nationalism|Malaysia]]
| |
| * [[Pakistani nationalism|Pakistan]]
| |
| ** [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir]]
| |
| * [[Filipino nationalism|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism|Sri Lanka]]
| |
| ** [[Tamil nationalism|Tamil]]
| |
| * [[Turkish nationalism|Turkey]]
| |
| ** [[Kemalism|Kemalism or Ataturk nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Neo-Ottomanism]]
| |
| * [[Vietnamese nationalism|Vietnam]]
| |
| ** [[United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races|Degar]]
| |
| *[[Yazidi nationalism]]}}
| |
| | |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|Rise of nationalism in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Albanian nationalism|Albania]]
| |
| ** [[Albanian nationalism (Kosovo)|Kosovo]] | |
| * [[Armenian nationalism|Armenia]]
| |
| * [[Austrian nationalism|Austria]]
| |
| ** [[German nationalism in Austria]]
| |
| * [[Belarusian national revival|Belarus]]
| |
| * [[National awakening of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[Czechoslovakism|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| ** [[Czech nationalism|Czech Republic]]
| |
| ** [[Slovak nationalism|Slovakia]]
| |
| * [[Estonian nationalism|Estonia]]
| |
| * [[French nationalism|France]]
| |
| ** [[Alsace independence movement|Alsace]]
| |
| ** [[Breton nationalism|Brittany]]
| |
| ** [[Corsican nationalism|Corsica]]
| |
| ** [[Gaullism]]
| |
| ** [[Occitan nationalism|Occitania]]
| |
| ** [[Souverainism]]
| |
| * [[Georgian nationalism|Georgia]]
| |
| * [[German nationalism|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Bavarian nationalism|Bavaria]]
| |
| ** [[Prussian nationalism|Prussia]]
| |
| ** [[Conservative Revolution|New Nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Golus nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Greek nationalism|Greece]]
| |
| ** [[Cypriot nationalism|Cyprus]]
| |
| * [[Hungarian nationalism|Hungary]]
| |
| * [[Irish nationalism|Ireland]]
| |
| ** [[Irish republicanism]]
| |
| ** [[Unionism in Ireland|Ulster unionism]]
| |
| * [[Italian nationalism|Italy]]
| |
| ** [[Lombard nationalism|Lombardy]]
| |
| ** [[Padanian nationalism|Padania]]
| |
| ** [[Sardinian nationalism|Sardinia]]
| |
| ** [[Sicilian nationalism|Sicily]]
| |
| ** [[Venetian nationalism|Venetian]]
| |
| * [[Latvian National Awakening|Latvia]]
| |
| * [[Lithuanian National Revival|Lithuania]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Netherlands|Low Countries]]
| |
| ** [[Belgian nationalism|Belgium]]
| |
| *** [[Flemish Movement|Flanders]]
| |
| *** [[Orangism (Belgium)|Orangism]]
| |
| *** [[Rattachism]]
| |
| *** [[Walloon Movement|Wallonia]]
| |
| ** [[Dutch people|Netherlands]]
| |
| *** [[Frisian nationalism|Frisia]]
| |
| * [[Moldovenism|Moldova]]
| |
| * [[Polish nationalism|Poland]]
| |
| ** [[National Democracy (Poland)|National Democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Polish Messianism]]
| |
| ** [[Silesian Autonomy Movement|Silesia]]
| |
| ** [[Zadrugism]]
| |
| ** [[Székely autonomy movement|Szeklerland]]
| |
| * [[Russian nationalism|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Bulgarism]]
| |
| ** [[Chechen-Russian conflict|Chechnya]]
| |
| ** [[Circassian nationalism|Circassia]]
| |
| ** [[Karelianism|Karelia]]
| |
| * [[Scandinavism|Scandinavia]]
| |
| ** [[Faroese independence movement|Faroe Islands]]
| |
| ** [[Finnish nationalism|Finland]]
| |
| *** [[Fennoman movement]]
| |
| *** [[Svecoman movement]]
| |
| ** [[Greenlandic independence|Greenland]]
| |
| ** [[Icelandic nationalism|Iceland]]
| |
| ** [[Norwegian romantic nationalism|Norway]]
| |
| ** [[Sámi people|Sápmi]]
| |
| * [[Spanish nationalism|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Basque nationalism|Basque]]
| |
| ** [[Canarian nationalism|Canary Islands]]
| |
| ** [[Catalan nationalism|Catalonia]]
| |
| ** [[Galician nationalism|Galicia]]
| |
| ** [[Valencian nationalism|Valencia]]
| |
| *** [[Blaverism]]
| |
| * [[Ukrainian nationalism|Ukraine]]
| |
| * [[British nationalism|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[British unionism]]
| |
| ** [[Cornish nationalism|Cornwall]]
| |
| ** [[English nationalism|England]]
| |
| ** [[Northern Ireland]]
| |
| *** [[Ulster loyalism]]
| |
| *** [[Ulster nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Scottish nationalism|Scotland]]
| |
| ** [[Welsh nationalism|Wales]]
| |
| * [[Yugoslavism|Yugoslavia]]
| |
| ** [[Bosnian nationalism|Bosnia]]
| |
| ** [[Croatian nationalism|Croatia]]
| |
| *** [[Dalmatianism|Dalmatia]]
| |
| **** [[Istrianism|Istria]]
| |
| ** [[Serbian nationalism|Serbia]]
| |
| ** [[Macedonian nationalism|Macedonia]]
| |
| ** [[Montenegrin nationalism|Montenegro]]
| |
| ** [[Slovene nationalism|Slovenia]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| * [[Australian nationalism|Australia]]
| |
| * [[New Zealand First|New Zealand]]
| |
| ** [[Māori nationalism|Māori]]
| |
| ** [[South Island nationalism|South Island]]
| |
| | |
| === Unification movements ===
| |
| {{main|Pan-nationalism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Chinese unification]]ism
| |
| ** [[Han nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Continentalism]]
| |
| * [[Eurasianism]]
| |
| * [[Hui pan-nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Indian nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Opposition to the partition of India|Anti-partitionism]]
| |
| *** [[Composite nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Hindu–Muslim unity]]
| |
| **** [[Indian reunification]]ism
| |
| **** [[Indo-Pakistani Confederation]]ism
| |
| * [[Indigenism]] | | * [[Indigenism]] |
| ** [[Indigenismo|Indigenism movement]] | | ** [[Indigenismo]] |
| ** [[Pan-Indianism]] | | ** [[Pan-Indianism]] |
| * [[Korean reunification]]ism
| |
| * [[Multiculturalism]] | | * [[Multiculturalism]] |
| ** [[Interculturalism]] | | ** [[Interculturalism]] |
| Line 3,102: |
Line 746: |
| ** [[Plurinationalism]] | | ** [[Plurinationalism]] |
| ** [[Polyculturalism]] | | ** [[Polyculturalism]] |
| * [[Neo-Sovietism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Africanism]] | | * [[Pan-Africanism]] |
| * [[Pan-Albanianism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Americanism]] | | * [[Pan-Americanism]] |
| * [[Pan-Arabism]] | | * [[Pan-Arabism]] |
| ** [[Ba'athism]] | | ** [[Ba'athism]] |
| ** [[Nasserism]] | | ** [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasserism Nasserism] |
| *** [[Neo-Ba'athism]]
| |
| **** [[Assadism]]
| |
| **** [[Saddamism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Asianism]] | | * [[Pan-Asianism]] |
| * [[Pan-Celticism]] | | * [[Pan-Celticism]] |
| * [[Dravidian nationalism|Pan-Dravidianism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Europeanism]] | | * [[Pan-Europeanism]] |
| ** [[European federalism]]
| |
| *** [[United States of Europe]]
| |
| ** [[Pan-European nationalism]] | | ** [[Pan-European nationalism]] |
| * [[Greater Finland|Pan-Finnicism]] | | ** [[United States of Europe]] |
| * [[Natural borders of France|Pan-Francoism]] | |
| ** [[Rattachism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Germanism]] | | * [[Pan-Germanism]] |
| ** [[German reunification]]ism
| |
| * [[Megali Idea|Pan-Hellenism]] | | * [[Megali Idea|Pan-Hellenism]] |
| * [[Pan-Hispanism]] | | * [[Pan-Hispanism]] |
| Line 3,130: |
Line 763: |
| * [[Pan-Iranism]] | | * [[Pan-Iranism]] |
| * [[United Ireland|Pan-Irishism]] | | * [[United Ireland|Pan-Irishism]] |
| * [[Pan-Islamism]] | | * [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-Islamism#:~:text=Pan%2DIslamism%20(Arabic%3A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9,international%20organization%20with%20Islamic%20principles. Pan-Islamism] |
| * [[Latin American integration|Pan-Latin Americanism]] | | * [[Latin American integration|Pan-Latin Americanism]] |
| * [[Pan-Latinism]] | | * [[Pan-Latinism]] |
| * [[Pan-Mongolism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Netherlands|Pan-Netherlandism]]
| |
| ** [[Greater Netherlands|Grootneerlandisme]]
| |
| ** [[Orangism (Kingdom of the Netherlands)|Orangism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Oceanian]]ism
| |
| * [[Greater Romania|Pan-Rumanianism]]
| |
| ** [[Unification of Moldova and Romania|Moldovan-Romanian reunificationism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Scandinavianism]] | | * [[Pan-Scandinavianism]] |
| * [[Pan-Slavism]] | | * [[Pan-Slavism]] |
| ** [[Yugoslavism]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Somalism]] | | * [[Pan-Somalism]] |
| * [[Turanism|Pan-Turanism]] | | * [[Turanism|Pan-Turanism]] |
| Line 3,148: |
Line 773: |
| * [[Postnationalism]] | | * [[Postnationalism]] |
| * [[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] | | * [[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| == Populism == | | === Religious variants === |
| {{populism sidebar}}
| | {{main articles|Religious nationalism}} |
| {{main|Populism}} | | |
| ; Political internationals
| | * [[Christian nationalism]] |
| * [[Foro de São Paulo]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[social democracy]] and [[socialism of the 21st century]]) | | * [[Hindu nationalism]] |
| * [[The Movement (populist group)|The Movement]] ([[neo-nationalism]] and [[right-wing populism]]) | | * [[Zionism|Jewish nationalism]] |
| * [[Progressive International]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]]) | | ** [[Anti-Zionism]] |
| | *** [[Religious anti-Zionism]] |
| | ** [[Diaspora nationalism]] |
| | ** [[Religious Zionism]] |
| | * [[Muslim nationalism]] |
| | * [[Khalistan movement|Sikh nationalism]] |
| | * [[Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism]] |
| | |
| | == Populism and direct democracy movements == |
| | {{main articles|Popular sovereignty|Populism|Direct democracy}} |
| | |
| | === Political internationals === |
| | |
| | * [[Pirate Parties International]] ([[pirate politics]]) |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === General === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Conservative populism]] | | * [[Agrarianism]] |
| * [[Economic populism]] | | ** [[Agrarian reform|Agrarian reformism]] |
| * [[Liberal populism]] | | *** [[Land reform|Land reform movements]] |
| * [[Reactionary populism]] | | * [[Anticipatory democracy]] |
| * [[Social populism]] | | * [[Anti-corruption|Anti-corruption movements]] |
| * [[Socialist populism]] | | * [[Anti-establishmentarianism]] |
| * [[Techno-populism]] | | * [[Particracy|Anti-particracy movements]] |
| }}
| | * [[Cellular democracy]] |
| | * [[Collaborative governance]] |
| | * [[Consensus democracy]] |
| | * [[Opposition to copyright|Copyright reform movements]] |
| | * [[Cyber-utopianism]] |
| | * [[Deliberative democracy]] |
| | * [[Delegative democracy]] |
| | * [[E-democracy]] |
| | ** [[Collaborative e-democracy]] |
| | ** [[E-government]] |
| | ** [[E-participation]] |
| | ** [[Interactive democracy]] |
| | * [[Empowered democracy]] |
| | * [[Grassroots democracy]] |
| | * [[Localism (politics)|Localism]] |
| | * [[Net neutrality|Net neutrality movements]] |
| | * [[Open-source governance]] |
| | * [[Pirate politics]] |
| | * [[Popular democracy]] |
| | * [[Producerism]] |
| | * [[Semi-direct democracy]] |
| | * [[Sociocracy]] |
|
| |
|
| === Left-wing populism === | | === Left-wing populism === |
| {{main|Left-wing populism}} | | {{main articles|Left-wing populism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Agrarian socialism]] | | * [[Agrarian socialism]] |
| * [[Anti-austerity movement]] | | * [[Criticism of corporations|Anti-corporation movements]] |
| * [[Anti-consumerism]]
| |
| * [[Criticisms of corporations|Anti-corporate movement]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-corporate activism]] | | ** [[Anti-corporate activism]] |
| * [[Anti-globalization movement]] | | * [[Anti-globalization movement]] |
| ** [[Alter-globalization movement]] | | ** [[Alter-globalization]] |
| | ** [[Global justice movement]] |
| ** [[Global citizens movement]] | | ** [[Global citizens movement]] |
| ** [[Global justice movement]]
| |
| * [[Anti-nuclear movement]] | | * [[Anti-nuclear movement]] |
| * [[Autonomism]]
| |
| * [[Opposition to copyright|Copyright reform movement]]
| |
| ** [[Copyleft]]
| |
| * [[Cyber-utopianism]]
| |
| * [[Economic democracy]] | | * [[Economic democracy]] |
| ** [[Councilism|Council democracy]] | | ** [[Soviet democracy|Council democracy]] |
| ** [[Inclusive democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Industrial democracy]] | | ** [[Industrial democracy]] |
| ** [[Soviet democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Workers' self-management]] | | ** [[Workers' self-management]] |
| ** [[Workplace democracy]] | | ** [[Workplace democracy]] |
| * [[Economic progressivism]]
| |
| * [[Egalitarianism]] | | * [[Egalitarianism]] |
| | * [[Inclusive democracy]] |
| * [[Labour movement]] | | * [[Labour movement]] |
| * [[Left-wing nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Net neutrality|Net neutrality movement]]
| |
| * [[Occupy movement]] | | * [[Occupy movement]] |
| * [[Open-source-software movement]] | | * [[Participism]] |
| * [[Participatory economics|Parecon]] | | ** [[Participatory economics|Parecon]] |
| ** [[Participatory budgeting]] | | *** [[Participatory budgeting]] |
| * [[Participatory politics|Parpolity]] | | ** [[Participatory politics|Parpolity]] |
| ** [[Participatory democracy]] | | *** [[Participatory democracy]] |
| ** [[Participatory justice]] | | *** [[Participatory justice]] |
| ** [[Participatory planning]] | | *** [[Participatory planning]] |
| * [[Peace movement]] | | * [[Peace movement]] |
| ** [[Anti-militarism]] | | ** [[Anti-militarism]] |
| Line 3,211: |
Line 859: |
| ** [[Pacifism]] | | ** [[Pacifism]] |
| * [[Radical democracy]] | | * [[Radical democracy]] |
| * [[Social populism|Social democratic populism]]
| |
| * [[Socialist populism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Right-wing populism === | | === Right-wing populism === |
| {{main|Right-wing populism}} | | {{main articles|Right-wing populism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Alt-lite|Alt-lite movement]] | | * [[Alt-lite]] |
| * [[Alt-right movement]] | | * [[Alt-right]] |
| * [[Anti-intellectualism]] | | * [[Antisemitism]] |
| | ** [[New antisemitism]] |
| * [[Chauvinism]] | | * [[Chauvinism]] |
| ** [[Welfare chauvinism]] | | ** [[Welfare chauvinism]] |
| * [[Conservative populism]]
| |
| * [[Demagogy]]
| |
| * [[Market populism]]
| |
| * [[National conservatism]] | | * [[National conservatism]] |
| ** [[Post-communism]]
| |
| * [[National populism]]
| |
| * [[Nativism (politics)|Nativism]] | | * [[Nativism (politics)|Nativism]] |
| ** [[Opposition to immigration|Anti-immigration movement]] | | ** [[Opposition to immigration|Anti-immigration movements]] |
| * [[Neo-nationalism]] | | * [[Neo-nationalism]] |
| * [[Neo-reactionary movement]] | | * [[Dark Enlightenment|Neoreactionary movement]] |
| * [[Paleoconservatism]] | | * [[Paleoconservatism]] |
| * [[Penal populism]] | | * [[Penal populism]] |
| * [[Right-wing nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Reactionary populism]]
| |
| ** [[Radical right-wing populism]]
| |
| * [[Third Position]]
| |
| * [[Völkisch movement]] | | * [[Völkisch movement]] |
| }}
| | ** [[Neo-völkisch movements]] |
| | |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Agrarianism]]
| |
| ** [[Agrarian reform]]ism | |
| *** [[Land reform|Land reform movement]]
| |
| ** [[Physiocracy]]
| |
| * [[Communitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Direct democracy]]
| |
| * [[Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Hard Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Soft Euroscepticism]]
| |
| * [[Localism (politics)|Localism]]
| |
| * [[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]]
| |
| ** [[Souverainism|Sovereignism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants === | | === Regional variants === |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{main|Populism#Africa and Asia|l1=Populism in Africa}}
| |
| * [[Arab Spring|Arab Spring movement]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Asian ==== | | ==== American ==== |
| {{main|Populism#Africa and Asia|l1=Populism in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[ELAM (Cyprus)|Cyprus]]
| |
| ** [[Progressive Party of Working People]]
| |
| ** [[Solidarity Movement (Cyprus)|Solidarity Movement]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Georgia|Georgia]]
| |
| ** [[Alliance of Patriots of Georgia]]
| |
| * [[Populism#India|India]]
| |
| ** [[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
| |
| *** [[Ambedkarism]]
| |
| ** [[Hindutva]]
| |
| *** [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| |
| **** [[Prime Minister Narendra Modi|Modism]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Iran|Iran]]
| |
| ** [[Iranian Green Movement]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| ** [[Tehreek-e-Insaf]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Turkey|Turkey]]
| |
| ** [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]]
| |
| *** [[Erdoğanism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Ottomanism]]
| |
| ** [[Nationalist Movement Party]]
| |
| *** [[Idealism (Turkey)|Idealism]]
| |
| ** [[Millî Görüş]]
| |
| *** [[Necmettin Erbakan|Erbakanism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{main|Populism#North America|Populism#Latin America|l1=Populism in North America|l2=Populism in Latin America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Populism in Latin America|Latin America]] | | * [[Populism in Latin America|Latin America]] |
| ** [[Front for Victory|Argentina]] | | ** [[Front for Victory|Argentina]] |
| Line 3,301: |
Line 890: |
| *** [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Movement for Socialism]] | | *** [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Movement for Socialism]] |
| ** [[History of the socialist movement in Brazil|Brazil]] | | ** [[History of the socialist movement in Brazil|Brazil]] |
| *** [[Jair Bolsonaro#Political positions|Bolsonarism]] | | *** [[Jair Bolsonaro#Political views|Bolsonarism]] |
| *** [[Lulism]] | | *** [[Lulism]] |
| *** [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Petism]] | | *** [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Petismo]] |
| *** [[Podemos (Brazil)|Podemos]] | | *** [[Podemos (Brazil)|Podemos]] |
| ** [[Populism in Latin America#Chile|Chile]]
| |
| *** [[Carlos Ibáñez del Campo|Ibañism]]
| |
| ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Ecuador]] | | ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Ecuador]] |
| *** [[PAIS Alliance]] | | *** [[PAIS Alliance]] |
| Line 3,312: |
Line 899: |
| ** [[National Regeneration Movement|Mexico]] | | ** [[National Regeneration Movement|Mexico]] |
| ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Nicaragua]] | | ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Nicaragua]] |
| *** [[Sandinism]] | | *** [[Sandinismo]] |
| ** [[Puerto Rican Independence Party|Puerto Rico]]
| |
| ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Venezuela]] | | ** [[Populism in Latin America#Populist socialism|Venezuela]] |
| *** [[Bolivarianism]] | | *** [[Bolivarianism]] |
| Line 3,331: |
Line 917: |
| *** [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–34)|Progressive populism]] | | *** [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924–34)|Progressive populism]] |
| *** [[Tea Party movement]] | | *** [[Tea Party movement]] |
| *** [[Trumpism]] | | *** [[Political positions of Donald Trump|Trumpism]] |
| **** [[QAnon]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== European ==== | | ==== European ==== |
| {{main|Populism#Europe|l1=Populism in Europe}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Athenian democracy]] |
| * [[History of populism|Ancient Rome]] | | * [[Euroscepticism]] |
| ** [[Caesarism]]
| | ** [[Hard Euroscepticism]] |
| ** [[Populares]]
| | ** [[Soft Euroscepticism]] |
| * [[Populism#Austria|Austria]]
| | * [[Syriza|Greek Syriza movement]] |
| ** [[Freedom Party of Austria]]
| | * [[Five Star Movement|Italian Five Star movement]] |
| ** [[NOW – List Pilz]]
| | * [[Populares|Roman Populares]] |
| * [[Populism#Belarus|Belarus]]
| | * [[Narodnik|Russian agrarian populism]] |
| ** [[Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus]]
| | ** [[Poporanism|Romanian agrarian populism]] |
| * [[Populism#Belgium|Belgium]]
| | * [[Anti-austerity movement in Spain|Spanish anti-austerity movement]] |
| ** [[People's Party (Belgium)|People's Party]]
| | ** [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|Spanish Podemos movement]] |
| ** [[Vlaams Belang]]
| | * [[Voting in Switzerland|Swiss semi-direct democracy]] |
| * [[Populism#Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
| |
| ** [[United Patriots]]
| |
| ** [[Volya (Bulgarian political party)|Volya]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Croatia|Croatia]]
| |
| ** [[Croatian Democratic Alliance of Slavonia and Baranja]]
| |
| ** [[Human Shield (political party)|Human Shield]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Cyprus|Cyprus]]
| |
| ** [[Citizens' Alliance (Cyprus)|Citizens' Alliance]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Czech Republic|Czech Republic]]
| |
| ** [[ANO 2011]]
| |
| ** [[Czech Pirate Party]]
| |
| ** [[Dawn – National Coalition]]
| |
| ** [[Euroscepticism in the Czech Republic|Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Freedom and Direct Democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Party of Civic Rights]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Denmark|Denmark]]
| |
| ** [[Danish People's Party]]
| |
| ** [[Inuit Ataqatigiit]]
| |
| ** [[Red–Green Alliance (Denmark)|Red–Green Alliance]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Estonia|Estonia]]
| |
| ** [[Conservative People's Party of Estonia]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Europe|European Union]]
| |
| ** [[Alliance for Direct Democracy in Europe]]
| |
| ** [[European Alliance for Freedom]]
| |
| ** [[European United Left–Nordic Green Left]]
| |
| ** [[Euroscepticism]]
| |
| *** [[Hard Euroscepticism]]
| |
| *** [[Soft Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom]]
| |
| ** [[Party of the European Left]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Finland|Finland]]
| |
| ** [[Finns Party]]
| |
| *** [[Blue Reform]]
| |
| ** [[Seven Star Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]]
| |
| * [[Populism#France|France]]
| |
| ** [[Debout la France]]
| |
| ** [[Frexit]]
| |
| ** [[La France Insoumise]]
| |
| ** [[Left Party (France)|Left Party]]
| |
| ** [[Direct democracy#Paris Commune|Paris Commune]]
| |
| *** [[Communards|Communard movement]]
| |
| ** [[Poujadism]]
| |
| ** [[Revolutionary France]]
| |
| *** [[Cordeliers]]
| |
| *** [[Hébertists]]
| |
| ** [[National Rally (France)|National Rally]]
| |
| ** [[Souverainism]]
| |
| ** [[Yellow vests movement]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Germany|Germany]]
| |
| ** [[Alternative for Germany]]
| |
| ** [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Greece|Greece]]
| |
| ** [[Athenian democracy|Ancient Athenian democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-austerity movement in Greece|Anti-austerity movement]]
| |
| ** [[Golden Dawn (political party)|Golden Dawn]]
| |
| ** [[Grexit]]
| |
| ** [[Independent Greeks]]
| |
| ** [[Popular Unity (Greece)|Popular Unity]]
| |
| ** [[Syriza]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Hungary|Hungary]]
| |
| ** [[Fidesz]]
| |
| *** [[Viktor Orbán#Views and public image|Orbánism]]
| |
| ** [[Jobbik]]
| |
| ** [[Hungarian withdrawal from the European Union]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Italy|Italy]]
| |
| ** [[Five Star Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Italexit]]
| |
| ** [[Italian Left]]
| |
| ** [[Lega Nord]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Iceland|Iceland]]
| |
| ** [[Centre Party (Iceland)|Centre Party]]
| |
| ** [[Left-Green Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Pirate Party (Iceland)|Pirate Party]]
| |
| ** [[People's Party (Iceland, 2016)|People's Party]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Ireland|Ireland]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-austerity movement in Ireland|Anti-austerity movement]]
| |
| *** [[Solidarity (Ireland)|Solidarity]]
| |
| ** [[Euroscepticism in the Republic of Ireland|Euroscepticism]]
| |
| ** [[Sinn Féin]] | |
| * [[Populism#Liechtenstein|Liechtenstein]]
| |
| ** [[The Independents (Liechtenstein)|The Independents]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Lithuania|Lithuania]]
| |
| ** [[Order and Justice]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Luxembourg|Luxembourg]]
| |
| ** [[Alternative Democratic Reform Party]]
| |
| ** [[The Left (Luxembourg)|The Left]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Nederlands|Nederlands]]
| |
| ** [[Forum for Democracy (Netherlands)|Forum for Democracy]]
| |
| ** [[Dutch withdrawal from the European Union|Nexit]]
| |
| ** [[Party for Freedom]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Norway|Norway]]
| |
| ** [[Progress Party (Norway)|Progress Party]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Poland|Poland]]
| |
| ** [[Congress of the New Right]]
| |
| ** [[Kukiz'15]]
| |
| ** [[Law and Justice]]
| |
| ** [[Real Politics Union]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Portugal|Portugal]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-austerity movement in Portugal|Anti-austerity movement]]
| |
| *** [[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Romania|Romania]]
| |
| ** [[Greater Romania Party]]
| |
| ** [[Poporanism]]
| |
| ** [[Romanian withdrawal from the European Union]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Russia|Russia]]
| |
| ** [[A Just Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Liberal Democratic Party of Russia]]
| |
| ** [[Narodniks|Narodnik movement]]
| |
| ** [[Putinism]]
| |
| * [[Populism#San Marino|San Marino]]
| |
| ** [[Active Citizenship]]
| |
| ** [[United Left (San Marino)|United Left]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| ** [[Dveri]]
| |
| ** [[Serbian Progressive Party]]
| |
| ** [[Serbian Radical Party]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Slovenia|Slovenia]]
| |
| ** [[The Left (Slovenia)|The Left]]
| |
| ** [[List of Marjan Šarec]]
| |
| ** [[Slovenian Democratic Party]]
| |
| ** [[Slovenian National Party]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Spain|Spain]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-austerity movement in Spain|Anti-austerity movement]]
| |
| *** [[Anova–Nationalist Brotherhood]]
| |
| *** [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|Podemos]]
| |
| *** [[United Left (Spain)|United Left]]
| |
| ** [[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]]
| |
| ** [[Vox (Spanish political party)|Vox]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| ** [[Left Party (Sweden)|Left Party]]
| |
| ** [[Sweden Democrats]]
| |
| * [[Direct democracy#Switzerland|Switzerland]]
| |
| ** [[Geneva Citizens' Movement]]
| |
| ** [[Landsgemeinde]] | | ** [[Landsgemeinde]] |
| ** [[Popular initiative (Switzerland)|Popular initiative]] | | ** [[Popular initiative (Switzerland)|Popular initiative]] |
| ** [[Swiss People's Party]]
| | * [[UK Independence Party|UKIP movement]] |
| ** [[Voting in Switzerland|Swiss semi-direct democracy]]
| | ** [[Brexit|Brexit movement]] |
| ** [[Ticino League]]
| |
| * [[Populism#Ukraine|Ukraine]]
| |
| ** [[Svoboda (political party)|Svoboda]]
| |
| * [[Populism#United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Anti-austerity movement in the United Kingdom|Anti-austerity movement]]
| |
| ** [[Democratic Unionist Party]]
| |
| ** [[Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom|Euroscepticism]]
| |
| *** [[Brexit|Brexit movement]]
| |
| ** [[UK Independence Party]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Oceanian ==== | | ==== Middle Eastern/Indian ==== |
| {{main|Populism#Oceania|l1=Populism in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Populism#Oceania|Australia]]
| |
| ** [[One Nation Party]]
| |
| * [[Populism#New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| ** [[New Zealand First]]
| |
|
| |
|
| == Progressivism ==
| | * [[Bahujan Samaj Party|Ambedkarism (India)]] |
| {{progressivism sidebar}}
| | * [[Erdoğanism|Erdoğanism (Turkey)]] |
| {{main|Progressivism}}
| | * [[Hindutva|Hindutva (India)]] |
| ; Political internationals
| | ** [[Bharatiya Janata Party|Modism]] |
| * [[Progressive Alliance]] ([[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]]) | | * [[Kemalism|Kemalism (Turkey)]] |
| * [[Progressive International]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]]) | | * [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf|Tehreek-e-Insaf (Pakistan)]] |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | == Religio-political ideologies == |
| * [[Economic progressivism]]
| | {{main articles|Religion and politics}} |
| * [[Social progress]]ivism
| |
| * [[Techno-progressivism]]
| |
| * [[Transnational progressivism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Political internationals === |
| * [[Progressive conservatism]]
| |
| * [[Reform movement]]
| |
| * [[Social justice#Socal justice movements|Social justice movement]]
| |
| * [[Technocracy movement]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition ===
| |
| * [[Reactionary|Anti-progressivism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| * [[Liberalism and progressivism within Islam|Islamic progressivism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Progressivism in Canada|Canada]]
| |
| * [[Progressivism in South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| * [[Progressivism in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| * [[Progressivism in the United States|United States]]
| |
| ** [[American System (economic plan)|American System]]
| |
| ** [[Great Society]]
| |
| *** [[War on Poverty]]
| |
| ** [[New Deal]]
| |
| *** [[Fair Deal]]
| |
| *** [[Green New Deal]]
| |
| ** [[The New Freedom|New Freedom]]
| |
| ** [[New Frontier]]
| |
| ** [[Congressional Progressive Caucus|Progressive democratism]]
| |
| *** [[Justice Democrats|Justice democratism]]
| |
| ** [[Progressive Era]]
| |
| *** [[Eugenics in the United States|Eugenics]]
| |
| *** [[New Nationalism (Theodore Roosevelt)|New Nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[Square Deal]]
| |
| *** [[Temperance movement]]
| |
| **** [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibitionism]]
| |
| *** [[Presidency of Woodrow Wilson|Wilsonianism]]
| |
| ** [[Whig Party (United States)|Whigs]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| == Religio-political ideologies ==
| |
| {{main|Religion and politics}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Centrist Democrat International]] ([[Christian democracy]]) | | * [[Centrist Democrat International]] ([[Christian democracy]]) |
| * [[Hizb ut-Tahrir]] ([[Islamism]]) | | * [[Hizb ut-Tahrir]] ([[Islamism]]) |
| * [[Humanist International]] ([[humanism]])
| |
| * [[Muslim Brotherhood]] ([[Islamism]]) | | * [[Muslim Brotherhood]] ([[Islamism]]) |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === General === |
| {{humanism}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anti-Masonry]] | | * [[Anti-Masonry]] |
| ** [[Opposition to Freemasonry within Christianity|Christian anti-Masonry]] | | ** [[Opposition to Freemasonry within Christianity|Christian anti-Masonry]] |
| ** [[Anti-Masonry#Muslim anti-Masonry|Muslim anti-Masonry]] | | ** [[Anti-Masonry#Muslim anti-Masonry|Muslim anti-Masonry]] |
| * [[Antisemitism]] | | * [[Antisemitism]] |
| ** [[Economic antisemitism]]
| |
| ** [[New antisemitism]] | | ** [[New antisemitism]] |
| ** [[Racial antisemitism]] | | ** [[Racial antisemitism]] |
| ** [[Religious antisemitism]] | | ** [[Religious antisemitism]] |
| * [[Clericalism]] | | * [[Clericalism]] |
| * [[Complementarianism]]
| |
| * [[Confessionalism (politics)|Confessionalism]] | | * [[Confessionalism (politics)|Confessionalism]] |
| | * [[Divine right of kings]] |
| * [[Feminist theology]] | | * [[Feminist theology]] |
| ** [[Thealogy]] | | ** [[Thealogy]] |
| Line 3,585: |
Line 975: |
| ** [[Religious humanism]] | | ** [[Religious humanism]] |
| ** [[Secular humanism]] | | ** [[Secular humanism]] |
| * [[Messianism]] | | * [[Islamophobia]] |
| * [[Political religion]] | | * [[Political religion]] |
| * [[Postcolonial theology]] | | * [[Progressive Reconstructionism]] |
| * [[Religious anarchism]] | | * [[Religious anarchism]] |
| * [[Religious anti-Zionism]] | | * [[Religious anti-Zionism]] |
| * [[Religious rejection of politics|Religious apoliticism]] | | * [[Religious rejection of politics|Religious apoliticism]] |
| * [[Religious communism]] | | * [[Religious communism]] |
| * [[Egalitarianism#Religious and spiritual egalitarianism|Religious egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Religion and environmentalism|Religious environmentalism]] | | * [[Religion and environmentalism|Religious environmentalism]] |
| ** [[Spiritual ecology]] | | ** [[Spiritual ecology]] |
| Line 3,603: |
Line 992: |
| ** [[Cult of Reason]] | | ** [[Cult of Reason]] |
| ** [[Disestablishmentarianism]] | | ** [[Disestablishmentarianism]] |
| | ** [[Laïcité]] |
| ** [[Secular religion]] | | ** [[Secular religion]] |
| ** [[Secular state]] | | ** [[Secular state]] |
| Line 3,612: |
Line 1,002: |
| ** [[Theocracy]] | | ** [[Theocracy]] |
| ** [[Theonomy]] | | ** [[Theonomy]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political atheism and agnosticism === | | === Political atheism and agnosticism === |
| | |
| * [[Atheist feminism]] | | * [[Atheist feminism]] |
| * [[Marxist–Leninist atheism]] | | * [[Marxist-Leninist atheism]] |
| * [[Secular humanism]] | | * [[Secular humanism]] |
| * [[Secular liberalism]]
| |
| * [[State atheism]] | | * [[State atheism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Political Baháʼí Faith === | | === Political Buddhism === |
| * [[New world order (Baháʼí)]]
| |
| ** [[Political objections to the Baháʼí Faith|opposition]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Buddhism ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Buddhist anarchism]] | | * [[Buddhist anarchism]] |
| * [[Buddhist feminism]] | | * [[Buddhist feminism]] |
| Line 3,635: |
Line 1,020: |
| * [[Buddhism and violence|Buddhist nationalism]] | | * [[Buddhism and violence|Buddhist nationalism]] |
| ** [[969 Movement]] | | ** [[969 Movement]] |
| ** [[Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism]]
| |
| * [[Buddhist socialism]] | | * [[Buddhist socialism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Christianity === | | === Political Christianity === |
| {{main|Christianity and politics}} | | {{main articles|Christianity and politics|Political theology}} |
| {{Integralism}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Caesaropapism]] | | * [[Caesaropapism]] |
| * [[Antisemitism in Christianity|Christian antisemitism]] | | * [[Antisemitism in Christianity|Christian antisemitism]] |
| * [[Christian democracy]] | | * [[Christian democracy]] |
| ** [[Christian corporatism]] | | ** [[Christian corporatism]] |
| ** [[Distributism]]
| |
| ** [[Gremialismo]]
| |
| ** [[Popolarismo]] | | ** [[Popolarismo]] |
| ** [[Social credit]] | | ** [[Social market economy]] |
| * [[Christian egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Christian views on environmentalism|Christian environmentalism]] | | * [[Christian views on environmentalism|Christian environmentalism]] |
| ** [[Ecotheology]] | | ** [[Ecotheology]] |
| Line 3,657: |
Line 1,036: |
| * [[Christian feminism]] | | * [[Christian feminism]] |
| * [[Christian humanism]] | | * [[Christian humanism]] |
| * [[Christianism]]
| |
| * [[Christian left]] | | * [[Christian left]] |
| ** [[Christian anarchism]] | | ** [[Christian anarchism]] |
| *** [[Diggers]]
| |
| *** [[Tolstoyan movement]] | | *** [[Tolstoyan movement]] |
| ** [[Christian communism]] | | ** [[Christian communism]] |
| *** [[Bruderhof Communities|Bruderhofs]]
| |
| *** [[Hutterites]] | | *** [[Hutterites]] |
| *** [[Pre-Marxist communism|Proto-communism]] | | *** [[Pre-Marxist communism|Proto-communism]] |
| Line 3,669: |
Line 1,045: |
| ** [[Christian socialism]] | | ** [[Christian socialism]] |
| *** [[Utopian socialism]] | | *** [[Utopian socialism]] |
| | **** [[Diggers]] |
| **** [[Levellers]] | | **** [[Levellers]] |
| ** [[Evangelical left]] | | ** [[Evangelical left]] |
| Line 3,680: |
Line 1,057: |
| *** [[Traditionalist Catholicism]] | | *** [[Traditionalist Catholicism]] |
| ** [[Christian libertarianism]] | | ** [[Christian libertarianism]] |
| *** [[Libertarian Christianity]]
| |
| ** [[Christian nationalism]] | | ** [[Christian nationalism]] |
| *** [[Christian Zionism]] | | *** [[Christian Zionism]] |
| *** [[Christofascism]] | | *** [[Christofascism]] |
| **** [[Clerical fascism]] | | **** [[Clerical fascism]] |
| ***[[Clerico-nationalism]]
| |
| *** [[National Catholicism]] | | *** [[National Catholicism]] |
| ** [[Christian reconstructionism]] | | ** [[Christian reconstructionism]] |
| Line 3,692: |
Line 1,067: |
| * [[Distributism]] | | * [[Distributism]] |
| ** [[Social credit|Social credit movement]] | | ** [[Social credit|Social credit movement]] |
| *[[Integralism]]
| |
| **[[Integral humanism (Maritain)|Integral humanism]]
| |
| **[[Integrism (Spain)|Integrism]]
| |
| **[[Integral nationalism]]
| |
| ***[[Brazilian Integralism|Brazilian]]
| |
| ***[[Action Française|French]]
| |
| ****[[Maurrassisme]]
| |
| ***[[Integralismo Lusitano|Lusitanian]]
| |
| * [[Jesuism]] | | * [[Jesuism]] |
| * [[Political Catholicism]] | | * [[Political Catholicism]] |
| ** [[Catholic Worker Movement]]
| | * [[Ultramontanism]] |
| ** [[Ultramontanism]]
| | ** [[Neo-ultramontanism]] |
| *** [[Neo-ultramontanism]]
| |
| * [[Mormonism and authority|Political Mormonism]]
| |
| ** [[DezNat|Deseret Nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Mormon feminism]]
| |
| ** [[Mormon fundamentalism]]
| |
| ** [[Theodemocracy]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Confucianism === | | === Political Confucianism === |
| | |
| * [[Neo-Confucianism]] | | * [[Neo-Confucianism]] |
| * [[New Confucianism]] | | * [[New Confucianism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Political Hinduism === | | === Political Hinduism === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Gandhism]] | | * [[Gandhism]] |
| ** [[Gandhian socialism]] | | ** [[Gandhian socialism]] |
| ** [[Hindu-Muslim unity]]
| |
| * [[Feminism in India|Hindu feminism]] | | * [[Feminism in India|Hindu feminism]] |
| * [[Hindu nationalism]] | | * [[Hindu nationalism]] |
| Line 3,728: |
Line 1,088: |
| ** [[Integral humanism (India)|Integral humanism]] | | ** [[Integral humanism (India)|Integral humanism]] |
| * [[Hindu reform movements|Hindu revivalism]] | | * [[Hindu reform movements|Hindu revivalism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political indigenous religions === | | === Political indigenous religions === |
| | |
| * [[Kaitiaki|Maori environmentalism]] | | * [[Kaitiaki|Maori environmentalism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Political Islam === | | === Political Islam === |
| {{Islamism sidebar}}
| | {{main articles|Political aspects of Islam}} |
| {{main|Political aspects of Islam}} | | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Gülen movement]] | | * [[Gülen movement]] |
| * [[Hindu-Muslim unity]]
| |
| * [[Islamic anarchism]] | | * [[Islamic anarchism]] |
| * [[Islam and antisemitism|Islamic antisemitism]] | | * [[Islam and antisemitism|Islamic antisemitism]] |
| * [[Islamic democracy]] | | * [[Islamic democracy]] |
| * [[Hima (environmental protection)|Islamic environmentalism]] | | * [[Hima (environmental protection)|Islamic environmentalism]] |
| * [[Egalitarianism#Islam|Islamic egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Islamic feminism]] | | * [[Islamic feminism]] |
| | * [[Islamic fundamentalism]] |
| | ** [[Islamism]] |
| | *** [[Islamofascism|Islamic fascism]] |
| * [[Liberalism and progressivism within Islam|Islamic liberalism]] | | * [[Liberalism and progressivism within Islam|Islamic liberalism]] |
| * [[Islamic modernism]] | | * [[Islamic Modernism]] |
| * [[Islamic monarchy|Islamic monarchism]] | | * [[Islamic nationalism]] |
| | ** [[Islamic Zionism]] |
| | ** [[Muslim nationalism in South Asia]] |
| * [[Pacifism in Islam|Islamic pacifism]] | | * [[Pacifism in Islam|Islamic pacifism]] |
| * [[Islamic republic]]anism
| |
| ** [[Khomeinism]]
| |
| * [[Islamic socialism]] | | * [[Islamic socialism]] |
| * [[Islamic Zionism]] | | * [[Khilafat Movement|Khilafat movement]] |
| * [[Islamism]]
| |
| ** [[Islamic fundamentalism]]
| |
| *** [[Islamofascism|Islamic fascism]]
| |
| *** [[Jihadism]]
| |
| *** [[Worldwide caliphate]]
| |
| ** [[Post-Islamism]]
| |
| * [[Muslim nationalism in South Asia]]
| |
| ** [[Khilafat movement]]
| |
| * [[Pan-Islamism]] | | * [[Pan-Islamism]] |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Judaism === | | === Political Judaism === |
| {{main|Judaism and politics|Jewish political movements}} | | {{main articles|Judaism and politics|Jewish political movements}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Cultural Zionism]] | | * [[Cultural Zionism]] |
| * [[Jewish anarchism]] | | * [[Jewish anarchism]] |
| Line 3,772: |
Line 1,123: |
| * [[Jewish Autonomism]] | | * [[Jewish Autonomism]] |
| * [[Jewish and democratic state|Jewish democracy]] | | * [[Jewish and democratic state|Jewish democracy]] |
| * [[Egalitarianism#Judaism|Jewish egalitarianism]] | | * [[Judaism and environmentalism|Jewish environmentalism]] |
| * [[Jewish environmentalism]]
| |
| * [[Jewish feminism]] | | * [[Jewish feminism]] |
| ** [[Orthodox Jewish feminism]] | | ** [[Orthodox Jewish feminism]] |
| * [[Jewish fundamentalism]] | | * [[Jewish fundamentalism]] |
| * [[Jewish humanism]] | | * [[Humanistic Judaism|Jewish humanism]] |
| ** [[Homaranismo]] | | ** [[Homaranismo]] |
| * [[Jewish left]] | | * [[Jewish left]] |
| ** [[Bundism]] | | ** [[Bundism]] |
| | * [[Zionism|Jewish nationalism]] |
| | ** [[Halachic state]] |
| | ** [[Religious Zionism]] |
| * [[Jewish secularism]] | | * [[Jewish secularism]] |
| * [[Kibbutzim]] | | * [[Kibbutzim]] |
| ** [[Kibbutz movement]] | | ** [[Kibbutz Movement]] |
| ** [[Religious Kibbutz Movement]] | | ** [[Religious Kibbutz Movement]] |
| * [[Zionism]]
| | |
| ** [[Halachic state]]
| | === Political Mormonism === |
| ** [[Religious Zionism]]
| | |
| }}
| | * [[Mormon feminism]] |
| | * [[Theodemocracy]] |
|
| |
|
| === Political Neopaganism === | | === Political Neopaganism === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Goddess movement|Neopagan feminism]] | | * [[Goddess movement|Neopagan feminism]] |
| ** [[Reclaiming (Neopaganism)|Reclaiming]] | | ** [[Reclaiming (Neopaganism)|Reclaiming]] |
| * [[Heathen Front#Ideology|Odalism]] | | * [[Neo-völkisch movements]] |
| * [[Slavic Native Faith's identity and political philosophy|Slavic Native Faith]]
| |
| ** [[Praskozorje#Ideology|Praskozorje]]
| |
| ** [[Peterburgian Vedism]]
| |
| ** [[Ynglism]]
| |
| ** [[Zadrugism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Shinto === | | === Political Shinto === |
| | |
| * [[State Shinto]] | | * [[State Shinto]] |
| ** [[Statism in Shōwa Japan|Showa Statism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Political Sikhism === | | === Political Sikhism === |
| | |
| * [[Khalistan movement]] | | * [[Khalistan movement]] |
| * [[Sikh feminism]] | | * [[Sikh feminism]] |
|
| |
| === Political Taoism ===
| |
| * [[Huang–Lao]]
| |
| * [[Way of the Five Pecks of Rice]]
| |
| * [[Way of the Taiping]]
| |
|
| |
| === Political Zoroastrianism ===
| |
| * [[Mazdakism]]
| |
|
| |
| == Satirical and anti-politics ==
| |
| {{main|Political satire}}
| |
| {{see also|List of frivolous political parties}}
| |
|
| |
| === General ===
| |
| {{see also|Abstention|Dealignment|Political alienation|Political apathy|Political protest|Protest vote|Voter apathy|Voter fatigue}}
| |
| * [[Abstentionism]]
| |
| * [[Apoliticism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{see also|Anti-elitism}}
| |
| * [[Populism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Religious variants ===
| |
| {{main|Religious rejection of politics}}
| |
| * [[Political quietism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Beer Lovers Party (Belarus)|Belarus]]
| |
| * [[NEE|Belgium]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Canada|Canada]]
| |
| * [[The Party of Moderate Progress Within the Bounds of the Law|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| * [[Friends of Beer Party|Czech Republic]]
| |
| * [[Union of Conscientiously Work-Shy Elements|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Independent Royalist Party of Estonia|Estonia]]
| |
| * [[Funny Party|Faroe Island]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Germany|Germany]]
| |
| * [[Hungarian Two-tailed Dog Party|Hungary]]
| |
| * [[Best Party|Iceland]]
| |
| * [[Party of Donkeys|Iran]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Italy|Italy]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Japan|Japan]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Malta|Malta]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Netherlands|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Norway|Norway]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Poland|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Party of Free Change|Romania]]
| |
| * [[Sarmu probo nisi|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#Spain|Spain]]
| |
| * [[Donald Duck Party|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| * [[List of frivolous political parties#United States|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| == Social democracy ==
| |
| {{Social democracy sidebar}}{{main|Social democracy}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Foro de São Paulo]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[social democracy]] and [[socialism of the 21st century]])
| |
| * [[Progressive Alliance]] ([[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]])
| |
| * [[Progressive International]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]])
| |
| * [[Socialist International]] ([[democratic socialism]] and [[social democracy]])
| |
|
| |
| === General ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Labourism]]
| |
| * [[Social democracy#Development|Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Democratic socialism#Overlap with social democracy|Democratic socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Marxist revisionism]]
| |
| *** [[Bernsteinism]]
| |
| *** [[Eurocommunism]]
| |
| ** [[Orthodox Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Revolutionary socialism]]
| |
| * [[Progressivism]]
| |
| ** [[Economic progressivism]]
| |
| ** [[Social progress]]ivism
| |
| * [[Reformism]]
| |
| ** [[Reformist socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Ethical socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Fabianism]]
| |
| *** [[Gradualism#Politics and society|Gradualism]]
| |
| *** [[Impossibilism|Immediatism]]
| |
| *** [[Lassallism]]
| |
| *** [[Liberal socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Possibilism (politics)|Possibilism]]
| |
| *** [[Utopian socialism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Democratic socialism]]
| |
| * [[Social corporatism|Social democratic corporatism]]
| |
| ** [[Nordic model]]
| |
| * [[Social populism|Social democratic populism]]
| |
| * [[Shachtmanism#Social democratic Shachtmanism|Social democratic Shachtmanism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic transhumanism|Social democratic transhumanism]]
| |
| * [[Welfare state#Three worlds of the welfare state|Social democratic welfarism]]
| |
| * [[Third Way]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| === Opposition ===
| |
| {{main|Criticism of social democracy}}
| |
| * [[Criticism of welfare|Anti-welfarism]]
| |
| * [[Lemon socialism]]
| |
| * [[Social fascism]]
| |
|
| |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{main|African socialism|l1=Social democracy in Africa}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Nasserism|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Nkrumaism|Ghana]]
| |
| * [[Guinean People's Assembly|Guinea]]
| |
| * [[Harambee|Kenya]]
| |
| * [[Ujamaa|Tanzania]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Tunisia|Tunisia]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== American ====
| |
| {{main|History of socialism#Americas|l1=Social democracy in America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[African-Caribbean leftism|Caribbean]]
| |
| * [[Socialism of the 21st century|Latin America]]
| |
| ** [[Socialist Party (Argentina)|Argentina]]
| |
| ** [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Bolivia]]
| |
| ** [[History of the socialist movement in Brazil|Brazil]]
| |
| ** [[Socialist Party of Chile|Chile]]
| |
| ** [[Patriotic Union (Colombia)|Colombia]]
| |
| ** [[Figuerism|Costa Rica]]
| |
| ** [[PAIS Alliance|Ecuador]]
| |
| ** [[National Regeneration Movement|Mexico]]
| |
| ** [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Nicaragua]]
| |
| ** [[Guasú Front|Paraguay]]
| |
| ** [[Puerto Rican Independence Party|Puerto Rico]]
| |
| ** [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Uruguay]]
| |
| ** [[For Social Democracy|Venezuela]]
| |
| * [[Socialism#North America|North America]]
| |
| ** [[New Democratic Party|Canada]]
| |
| ** [[New Deal|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Asian ====
| |
| {{main|History of socialism#Asia|l1=Social democracy in Asia}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Awami League|Bangladesh]]
| |
| * [[Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang|China]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| * [[Indian National Congress|India]]
| |
| * [[Marhaenism|Indonesia]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Iran|Iran]]
| |
| * [[Israeli Labor Party|Israel]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Party (Japan)|Japan]]
| |
| * [[Progressivism in South Korea|Korea]]
| |
| * [[Kurdistan Socialist Democratic Party|Kurdistan]]
| |
| * [[National League for Democracy|Myanmar]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| |
| * [[Akbayan|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Ba'athism|Syria]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== European ====
| |
| {{main|History of socialism#Europe|l1=Social democracy in Europe}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Social Democracy and Progress|Andorra]]
| |
| * [[Bulgarian Socialist Party|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[Movement for Social Democracy|Cyprus]]
| |
| * [[Social Democrats (Denmark)|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Party of Finland|Finland]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Party (France)|France]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Germany]]
| |
| * [[Syriza|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Alliance|Iceland]]
| |
| * [[Social Democrats (Ireland)|Ireland]]
| |
| * [[Italian Left|Italy]]
| |
| * [[Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova|Moldova]]
| |
| * [[Labour Party (Netherlands)|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[Labour Party (Norway)|Norway]]
| |
| * [[Social Democracy of Poland|Poland]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Portugal]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Romania]]
| |
| * [[A Just Russia|Russia]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Party of Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[Direction – Social Democracy|Slovakia]]
| |
| * [[Spanish Socialist Workers Party|Spain]]
| |
| * [[Swedish Social Democratic Party|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]
| |
| ** [[Labour Party (UK)|England]]
| |
| *** [[New Labour]]ism
| |
| **** [[Blairism]]
| |
| ***** [[Blatcherism]]
| |
| **** [[Brownism]]
| |
| **** [[Gaitskellism]]
| |
| ***** [[Butskellism]]
| |
| ***** [[Labour revisionism]]
| |
| ****** [[Anthony Giddens|Third Way]]
| |
| ** [[Social Democratic and Labour Party|Northern Ireland]]
| |
| ** [[Scottish Labour Party|Scotland]]
| |
| ** [[Welsh Labour|Wales]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
| ==== Oceanian ====
| |
| {{main|History of socialism#Oceania|l1=Social democracy in Oceania}}
| |
| * [[Australian Labor Party|Australia]]
| |
| * [[National United Party (Vanuatu)|Melanesia]]
| |
| * [[New Zealand Labour Party|New Zealand]]
| |
|
| |
|
| == Socialism == | | == Socialism == |
| {{Socialism sidebar}}
| |
| {{main|Socialism}} | | {{main|Socialism}} |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Foro de São Paulo]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]] and [[socialism of the 21st century]])
| |
| * [[Progressive International]] ([[democratic socialism]], [[left-wing populism]], [[progressivism]] and [[social democracy]])
| |
| * [[Socialist International]] ([[democratic socialism]] and [[social democracy]])
| |
| * [[World Socialist Movement]] ([[anti-Leninism]], [[classical Marxism]], [[impossibilism]] and [[international socialism]])
| |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === Political internationals === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Democratic socialism]] | | * [[Foro de São Paulo]] ([[socialism of the 21st century]]) |
| * [[Reformist socialism]]
| | * [[Progressive Alliance]] ([[social democracy]]) |
| ** [[Fabianism]]
| | * [[Socialist International]] ([[democratic socialism]]) |
| ** [[Gradualism#Politics and society|Gradualism]]
| | * [[World Socialist Movement]] ([[impossibilism]]) |
| ** [[Lassallism]]
| |
| ** [[Impossibilism|Immediatism]]
| |
| ** [[Marxist revisionism]]
| |
| *** [[Bernsteinism]]
| |
| *** [[Eurocommunism]]
| |
| *** [[Social democracy]]
| |
| *** [[Sorelianism]]
| |
| ** [[Possibilism (politics)|Possibilism]]
| |
| * [[Revolutionary socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Impossibilism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Authoritarian === | | === Authoritarian === |
| {{main|Authoritarian socialism}} | | {{main articles|Authoritarian socialism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Arab socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Ba'athism]]
| |
| ** [[Nasserism]]
| |
| ** [[Third International Theory]]
| |
| * [[African socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Harambee]]
| |
| ** [[Nkrumaism]]
| |
| ** [[Léopold Sédar Senghor|Senghorism]]
| |
| ** [[Ubuntuism]]
| |
| ** [[Ujamaa]]
| |
| * [[Barracks socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Nechayevshchina]]
| |
| * [[Blanquism]] | | * [[Blanquism]] |
| *[[Fitzhughism]]
| |
| * [[Leninism]] | | * [[Leninism]] |
| ** [[Democratic centralism]]
| | * [[State socialism]] |
| ** [[Marxism–Leninism]]
| | ** [[Lassallism]] |
| *** [[Leonid Brezhnev#Leader of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)|Brezhnevism]]
| |
| **** [[Real socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Castroism]]
| |
| *** [[Ceaușism]]
| |
| *** [[Socialism with a human face|Dubčekism]]
| |
| *** [[Mikhail Gorbachev#Political ideology|Gorbachevism]]
| |
| *** [[Guevarism]]
| |
| **** [[Foco|Focalism]]
| |
| *** [[Ho Chi Minh Thought]]
| |
| *** [[Hoxhaism]]
| |
| *** [[Husakism]]
| |
| *** [[Juche]]
| |
| **** [[Kimilsungism]]
| |
| **** [[Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism]]
| |
| *** [[Kadarism]]
| |
| *** [[Khrushchevism]]
| |
| **** [[De-Stalinization]]
| |
| *** [[Maoism]]
| |
| **** [[Maoism (Third Worldism)|Maoism–Third Worldism]]
| |
| ***** [[Third Worldism]]
| |
| ***** [[Third World socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Mao-Spontex]]
| |
| **** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]]
| |
| ***** [[Abimael Guzmán|Gonzalo Thought]]
| |
| ***** [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path]]
| |
| **** [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
| |
| ***** [[Deng Xiaoping Theory]]
| |
| ***** [[Mao Zedong Thought]]
| |
| ***** [[Scientific Outlook on Development]]
| |
| ***** [[Three Principles of the People]]
| |
| ***** [[Three Represents]]
| |
| ***** [[Xi Jinping Thought]]
| |
| *** [[Marxist–Leninist atheism]]
| |
| *** [[Scientific communism|Scientific socialism]]
| |
| *** [[Stalinism]]
| |
| **** [[Anti-revisionism]]
| |
| **** [[Neo-Stalinism]]
| |
| **** [[Socialism in One Country]]
| |
| ***** [[National communism]]
| |
| ***** [[Socialist patriotism]]
| |
| ****** [[Soviet socialist patriotism]]
| |
| **** [[Soviet anti-Zionism]]
| |
| *** [[Titoism]]
| |
| **** [[Đilasism]]
| |
| **** [[Rankovićism]]
| |
| **** [[Socialist nationalism]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Trotskyism]]
| |
| **** [[Pabloism]]
| |
| **** [[Posadism]]
| |
| **** [[Third camp Trotskyism]]
| |
| *** [[Orthodox Trotskyism]]
| |
| ** [[Vanguardism]]
| |
| ** [[War communism|War socialism]]
| |
| * [[Sergey Nechayev|Nechayevism]] | |
| * [[Pyotr Tkachev|Tkachevism]] | |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Libertarian === | | === Libertarian === |
| {{Libertarian socialism sidebar}}{{main|Libertarian socialism}}
| | {{main articles|Libertarian socialism}} |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | |
| * [[Anarchism]] | | * [[Classical Marxism]] |
| ** [[Anarcho-communism|Anarcho-Socialism]] | | ** [[Orthodox Marxism]] |
| ** [[Libertarian socialism|Libertarian Socialism]] | | *** [[Impossibilism]] |
| | **** [[World Socialist Movement|World socialism]] |
| * [[Communards|Communard movement]] | | * [[Communards|Communard movement]] |
| * [[Communalism (Bookchin)|Communalism]]
| | * [[Democratic socialism]] |
| ** [[Democratic confederalism]]
| | * [[Inclusive democracy]] |
| ** [[Eco-communalism]]
| |
| ** [[Libertarian municipalism]]
| |
| ** [[Social ecology (Bookchin)|Social ecology]]
| |
| * [[Communism]] | |
| * [[Left-libertarianism]] | | * [[Left-libertarianism]] |
| ** [[Economic democracy]] | | ** [[Radicalism (historical)|Classical liberal radicalism]] |
| *** [[Councilism|Council democracy]]
| | *** [[Chartism]] |
| *** [[Inclusive democracy]]
| | *** [[Georgism]] |
| *** [[Industrial democracy]] | | **** [[Geolibertarianism]] |
| *** [[Soviet democracy]] | | ** [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]] |
| *** [[Workers' self-management]] | | *** [[Left-wing market anarchism|Free-market socialism]] |
| *** [[Workplace democracy]] | |
| ** [[Free-market anarchism]] | |
| *** [[Left-wing market anarchism#Precedents|Free-market socialism]] | |
| **** [[Laissez-faire socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Mutualism (economic theory)|Mutualism]]
| |
| **** [[Mutualism (economic theory)#Mutualism today|Neo-mutualism]]
| |
| **** [[Pierre-Joseph Proudhon#Philosophy|Proudhonian socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Lysander Spooner#Political views|Spoonerian socialism]]
| |
| **** [[Benjamin Tucker#Political views|Tuckerite socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Individualist anarchism]]
| |
| ** [[Libertarian possibilism]]
| |
| ** [[Parecon]]
| |
| ** [[Parpolity]]
| |
| ** [[Social anarchism]] | | ** [[Social anarchism]] |
| ** [[Left-libertarianism#Steiner–Vallentyne school|Steiner–Vallentyne school]] | | ** [[Left-libertarianism#Steiner–Vallentyne school|Steiner–Vallentyne school]] |
| * [[Marxism]]
| | * [[Libertarian Marxism]] |
| ** [[Classical Marxism]]
| | ** [[Autonomism]] |
| *** [[Orthodox Marxism]]
| | *** [[Workerism]] |
| **** [[Impossibilism]]
| | ** [[Open Marxism]] |
| ***** [[World Socialist Movement]]
| | *** [[Instrumental Marxism]] |
| **** [[Kautskyism]]
| | *** [[Kautskyism]] |
| ** [[Libertarian Marxism]]
| | ** [[Situationist International|Situationism]] |
| *** [[Autonomism]]
| | ** [[Socialisme ou Barbarie]] |
| **** [[Workerism]]
| | ** [[Solidarity (UK)|Solidarity]] |
| *** [[Left communism]]
| | * [[Participism]] |
| **** [[Bordigism]]
| | ** [[Parecon]] |
| **** [[Communization]]
| |
| **** [[Council communism]]
| |
| ***** [[Spartacism]]
| |
| **** [[Luxemburgism]]
| |
| **** [[Situationist International|Situationism]]
| |
| **** [[Socialisme ou Barbarie]]
| |
| **** [[Solidarity (UK)|Solidarity]]
| |
| **** [[Spontaneism]]
| |
| **** [[Ultra-leftism]]
| |
| *** [[Mao-Spontex]]
| |
| *** [[De Leonism|Marxism–De Leonism]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Trotskyism]]
| |
| **** [[Chaulieu-Montal Tendency|Chaulieu–Montal tendency]]
| |
| **** [[Johnson–Forest tendency]]
| |
| **** [[Third camp]]
| |
| ***** [[Shachtmanism]]
| |
| ****** [[Left Shachtmanism]]
| |
| *** [[Open Marxism]]
| |
| ** [[Western Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Austro-Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Demetris Christofias|Christofiasism]]
| |
| *** [[Frankfurt School]]
| |
| *** [[Freudo-Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Hegelian Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Marxist humanism]]
| |
| **** [[Budapest School (Lukács)|Budapest School]]
| |
| **** [[Praxis School]]
| |
| *** [[Neo-Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Analytical Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Conflict theories]]
| |
| ***** [[Dependency theory]]
| |
| ***** [[Social conflict theory]]
| |
| ***** [[World-systems theory]]
| |
| **** [[Freudo–Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Gramscianism]]
| |
| ***** [[Neo-Gramscianism]]
| |
| **** [[Instrumental Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Neue Marx-Lektüre]]
| |
| **** [[Political Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Structural Marxism]]
| |
| *** [[Post-Marxism]]
| |
| **** [[Radical democracy]]
| |
| ***** [[Abahlali baseMjondolo]]
| |
| ***** [[Landless Workers' Movement]]
| |
| ***** [[Piquetero]]s
| |
| ***** [[Zapatista Army of National Liberation|Zapatistas]]
| |
| * [[Syndicalism]] | | * [[Syndicalism]] |
| ** [[De Leonism]] | | ** [[De Leonism]] |
| ** [[Revolutionary syndicalism]] | | ** [[Libertarian possibilism]] |
| ** [[Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics|Wobblyism]] | | ** [[Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics|Wobblyism]] |
| * [[Third camp socialism]] | | * [[Western Marxism]] |
| }}
| | ** [[Austro-Marxism]] |
| | ** [[Frankfurt School]] |
| | ** [[Freudo-Marxism]] |
| | ** [[Marxist humanism]] |
| | ** [[Neo-Marxism]] |
| | *** [[Analytical Marxism]] |
| | *** [[Conflict theories]] |
| | **** [[Dependency theory]] |
| | **** [[Social conflict theory]] |
| | **** [[World-systems theory]] |
| | *** [[Gramscianism]] |
| | **** [[Neo-Gramscianism]] |
| | *** [[Structural Marxism]] |
| | ** [[Post-Marxism]] |
|
| |
|
| === Other === | | === Other === |
| {{labor}}
| | |
| {{main|Types of socialism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Agrarian socialism]] | | * [[Agrarian socialism]] |
| * [[Centrist Marxism]] | | * [[Centrist Marxism]] |
| * [[Communitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Copyleft]]
| |
| * [[Eco-socialism]] | | * [[Eco-socialism]] |
| * [[Economic egalitarianism]] | | * [[Economic democracy]] |
| * [[Economic progressivism]] | | ** [[Soviet democracy|Council democracy]] |
| | ** [[Industrial democracy]] |
| | ** [[Workers' self-management]] |
| | ** [[Workplace democracy]] |
| | * [[Egalitarianism]] |
| * [[Ethical socialism]] | | * [[Ethical socialism]] |
| | * [[Fabian socialism]] |
| * [[Guild socialism]] | | * [[Guild socialism]] |
| * [[International socialism]]
| | * [[Kibbutz Movement]] |
| * [[Kibbutz movement]] | |
| * [[Labourism]] | | * [[Labourism]] |
| * [[Liberal socialism]] | | * [[Liberal socialism]] |
| * [[Market socialism]] | | * [[Market socialism]] |
| ** [[Lange model|Langian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[John Stuart Mill#Economic philosophy|Millian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Ricardian socialism]] | | ** [[Ricardian socialism]] |
| ** [[Smithian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Veblenian|Veblenian socialism]] | | ** [[Veblenian|Veblenian socialism]] |
| * [[Democracy in Marxism|Marxist democracy]] | | * [[Marxist revisionism]] |
| * [[Millennial socialism]] | | ** [[Bernsteinism]] |
| | ** [[Lassalleanism]] |
| | *** [[Social democracy#Development of social democracy|Classical social democracy]] |
| | **** [[Democratic socialism]] |
| * [[Municipal socialism]] | | * [[Municipal socialism]] |
| * [[Socialism and LGBT rights|Queer socialism]] | | * [[Post-capitalism]] |
| * [[Proto-socialism]] | | * [[Proto-socialism]] |
| ** [[Chartism|Chartists]] | | ** [[Chartism|Chartists]] |
| ** [[Communards]] | | ** [[Communards]] |
| ** [[Diggers]] | | ** [[Diggers]] |
| ** [[Jacobins]] | | ** [[Jacobin|Jacobins]] |
| ** [[Levellers]] | | ** [[Levellers]] |
| ** [[Radicals (UK)|Radicals]] | | ** [[Radicalism (historical)|Radicals]] |
| * [[Radicalism (historical)|Radicalism]] | | * [[Reformist socialism]] |
| | ** [[Evolutionary socialism]] |
| | ** [[Gradualism#Politics and society|Gradualism]] |
| | ** [[Immediatism]] |
| | ** [[Possibilism (politics)|Possibilism]] |
| | ** [[Social democracy]] |
| | * [[Revolutionary socialism]] |
| * [[Scientific socialism]] | | * [[Scientific socialism]] |
| * [[Social egalitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Social democracy]]
| |
| * [[Socialism of the 21st century]] | | * [[Socialism of the 21st century]] |
| * [[Socialist feminism]] | | * [[Socialist feminism]] |
| ** [[Marxist feminism]] | | ** [[Marxist feminism]] |
| * [[Socialist nationalism]] | | * [[Socialist nationalism]] |
| * [[Socialist populism]]
| |
| * [[Utopian socialism]] | | * [[Utopian socialism]] |
| ** [[Fourierism]] | | ** [[Fourierism]] |
| ** [[Icarians]] | | ** [[Icarians]] |
| ** [[Owenism]] | | ** [[Owenism]] |
| ** [[Saint-Simonianism]]
| |
| * [[World communism|World socialism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Opposition === | | === Regional variants === |
| * [[Criticism of socialism|Anti-socialism]]
| |
|
| |
|
| === Religious variants === | | ==== African ==== |
| {{main|Religious socialism}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Buddhist socialism]]
| |
| * [[Christian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Diggers]]
| |
| ** [[Christian communism]]
| |
| ** [[Levellers]]
| |
| ** [[Liberation theology]]
| |
| ** [[Proto-socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Social Gospel]]
| |
| * [[Islamic socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Islamic Marxism]]
| |
| * [[Jewish socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Bundism]]
| |
| ** [[Kibbutzim]]
| |
| * [[Mazdakism]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| === Regional variants ===
| | * [[African socialism|Africa]] |
| ==== African ====
| |
| {{main|African socialism|l1=Socialism in Africa}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]
| |
| * [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]]
| |
| * [[People's Republic of the Congo|Congo]]
| |
| * [[United Arab Republic|Egypt]]
| |
| * [[Derg|Eritrea]]
| |
| * [[Derg|Ethiopia]]
| |
| * [[Nkrumaism|Ghana]]
| |
| * [[Ahmed Sékou Touré|Guinea]]
| |
| * [[Harambee|Kenya]]
| |
| ** [[Kenya People's Union]]
| |
| * [[Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|Libya]]
| |
| ** [[Third International Theory]]
| |
| * [[Democratic Republic of Madagascar|Madagascar]]
| |
| * [[Modibo Keïta|Mali]]
| |
| * [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
| |
| * [[Senegalese Socialist Party|Senegal]]
| |
| * [[Somali Democratic Republic|Somalia]]
| |
| * [[African National Congress|South Africa]] | |
| ** [[Abahlali baseMjondolo]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in South Africa|Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[Ujamaa|Tanzania]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Tunisia|Tunisia]]
| |
| * [[People's Republic of Zanzibar|Zanzibar]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== American ==== | | ==== American ==== |
| {{American socialism}}
| | |
| {{main|History of socialism#Americas|l1=Socialism in America}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[African-Caribbean leftism|Caribbean]]
| |
| ** [[People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)|Granada]]
| |
| * [[Socialism of the 21st century|Latin America]] | | * [[Socialism of the 21st century|Latin America]] |
| ** [[Socialist Party (Argentina)|Argentina]] | | ** [[Socialist Party (Argentina)|Argentine]] |
| ** [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Bolivia]] | | ** [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Bolivia]] |
| *** [[Fejuve]]
| |
| ** [[History of the socialist movement in Brazil|Brazil]] | | ** [[History of the socialist movement in Brazil|Brazil]] |
| *** [[Landless Workers' Movement]]
| | ** [[African-Caribbean leftism|Caribbean]] |
| ** [[Socialist Party of Chile|Chile]] | | ** [[Socialist Party of Chile|Chile]] |
| ** [[Patriotic Union (Colombia)|Colombia]] | | ** [[Patriotic Union (Colombia)|Colombia]] |
| ** [[Broad Front (Costa Rica)|Costa Rica]]
| |
| *** [[Figuerism]]
| |
| ** [[PAIS Alliance|Ecuador]] | | ** [[PAIS Alliance|Ecuador]] |
| ** [[Mexican Revolution|Mexico]] | | ** [[Mexican Revolution|Mexico]] |
| *** [[Magonism]] | | *** [[Magonism]] |
| *** [[Zapatismo|Zapatism]]
| | **** [[Neozapatismo]] |
| **** [[Neozapatismo|Neo-Zapatism]] | | ** [[Sandinista ideology|Nicaragua]] |
| ***** [[Zapatista Army of National Liberation|Zapatistas]]
| |
| ** [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Nicaragua]] | |
| *** [[Sandinismo]]
| |
| ** [[Guasú Front|Paraguay]] | | ** [[Guasú Front|Paraguay]] |
| ** [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Uruguay]] | | ** [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Uruguay]] |
| Line 4,353: |
Line 1,305: |
| ** [[History of the socialist movement in the United States|United States]] | | ** [[History of the socialist movement in the United States|United States]] |
| *** [[African-American leftism]] | | *** [[African-American leftism]] |
| *** [[American Left]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Asian ==== | | ==== Asian/Pacific ==== |
| {{main|History of socialism#Asia|l1=Socialism in Asia}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Socialism in Australia|Australia]] |
| * [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]] | | * [[Socialism in the Constitution of Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] |
| * [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic|Armenia]]
| | * [[Burmese Way to Socialism|Burma]] |
| * [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic|Azerbaijan]]
| | * [[Socialism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] |
| * [[Socialism in Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] | |
| * [[Bukharan People's Soviet Republic|Bukharan]] | |
| * [[People's Republic of Kampuchea|Cambodia]]
| |
| * [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics|China]]
| |
| ** [[Chinese Soviet Republic]]
| |
| ** [[Socialism in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]
| |
| ** [[Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang|Kuomintang]]
| |
| *** [[Tridemism]]
| |
| * [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Georgia]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in India|India]]
| |
| ** [[Gandhian socialism]]
| |
| ** [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Nehruism]]
| |
| * [[Marhaenism|Indonesia]] | | * [[Marhaenism|Indonesia]] |
| * [[Socialism in Iran|Iran]]
| | * [[Progressivism in South Korea|Korea]] |
| * [[Labor Zionism|Israel]]
| | * [[Melanesian socialism|Melanesia]] |
| * [[Social Democratic Party (Japan)|Japan]]
| | * [[Socialism in New Zealand|New Zealand]] |
| * [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic|Kazakhstan]]
| | * [[Ujamaa|Tanzanian]] |
| * [[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic|Kyrgyzstan]]
| |
| * [[Communism in Korea|Korea]]
| |
| ** [[Workers' Party of Korea|North Korea]]
| |
| ** [[Progressivism in South Korea|South Korea]]
| |
| * [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party|Laos]] | |
| * [[Mongolian People's Republic|Mongolia]]
| |
| * [[Burmese Way to Socialism|Myanmar]]
| |
| * [[Nepali Congress|Nepal]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in Pakistan|Pakistan]] | |
| * [[Democratic Alliance List|Palestine]] | |
| * [[Pakistan Peoples Party|Pakistan]]
| |
| * [[Akbayan|Philippines]]
| |
| * [[Ba'athism|Syria]]
| |
| ** [[Democratic confederalism]]
| |
| * [[Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic|Tajikistan]]
| |
| * [[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|Turkey]]
| |
| * [[Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic|Turkmenistan]]
| |
| * [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic|Uzbekistan]]
| |
| * [[Socialist-oriented market economy|Vietnam]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in Vietnam|Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic Republic of Yemen|Yemen]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== European ==== | | ==== European ==== |
| {{main|History of socialism#Europe|l1=Socialism in Europe}}
| | |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Revolutionary Catalonia|Catalonia]] |
| * [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania|Albania]]
| |
| * [[Social Democracy and Progress|Andorra]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia, and Herzegovina]]
| |
| * [[People's Republic of Bulgaria|Bulgaria]]
| |
| * [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelarus]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Croatia|Croatia]]
| |
| * [[Movement for Social Democracy|Cyprus]] | |
| * [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic|Czechoslovakia]]
| |
| * [[Popular socialism|Denmark]]
| |
| * [[Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic|Estonia]]
| |
| ** [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia]]
| |
| * [[Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic|Finland]]
| |
| ** [[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]]
| |
| * [[French Left|France]] | | * [[French Left|France]] |
| ** [[Jacobin (politics)#France|Jacobinism]]
| | * [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Germany]] |
| * [[History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany|Germany]]
| | ** [[History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social democracy]] |
| ** [[East Germany]] | |
| * [[Syriza|Greece]]
| |
| * [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]]
| |
| * [[Social Democratic Alliance|Iceland]]
| |
| * [[Socialism#Ireland|Ireland]]
| |
| * [[Italian Socialist Party|Italy]]
| |
| * [[Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic|Latvia]]
| |
| * [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic|Lithuania]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]]
| |
| * [[Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic|Moldova]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Montenegro|Montenegro]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in the Netherlands|Netherlands]] | | * [[Socialism in the Netherlands|Netherlands]] |
| * [[Labour Party (Norway)|Norway]] | | * [[Narodniks|Russia]] |
| * [[Polish People's Republic|Poland]]
| | ** [[Socialist Revolutionary Party|Narodniks]] |
| * [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Portugal]]
| | ** [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Social democracy]] |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
| | *** [[Bolsheviks]] |
| ** [[National Communism in Romania|Socialist nationalism]] | | *** [[Mensheviks]] |
| * [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]]
| | * [[Nordic model|Scandinavia]] |
| * [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russia]]
| | ** [[Popular socialism]] |
| ** [[Narodniks]]
| |
| ** [[Bolsheviks]] | |
| *** [[Centrist Marxism|Centre]]
| |
| **** [[Lev Kamenev|Kamenevism]]
| |
| **** [[Stalinism]]
| |
| **** [[Grigory Zinoviev|Zinovievism]]
| |
| *** [[Left Opposition]]
| |
| **** [[Trotskyism]]
| |
| *** [[Old Bolsheviks]]
| |
| **** [[Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Recallists]]
| |
| **** [[Factions of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Ultimatists]]
| |
| *** [[Right Opposition]] | |
| **** [[Nikolai Bukharin|Bukharinism]]
| |
| **** [[Viktor Nogin|Noginism]]
| |
| **** [[Alexei Rykov|Rykovism]]
| |
| **** [[Mikhail Tomsky|Tomskyism]]
| |
| ** [[Soviet democracy]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Serbia|Serbia]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Republic of Slovenia|Slovenia]]
| |
| * [[Spanish Socialist Workers Party|Spain]]
| |
| * [[Swedish Social Democratic Party|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukraine]]
| |
| ** [[Makhnovism]] | |
| * [[History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] | | * [[History of the socialist movement in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] |
| ** [[Labour Party (UK)|England]]
| |
| *** [[Old Labour]]ism
| |
| **** [[Bennism]]
| |
| **** [[Bevanism]]
| |
| **** [[Corbynism]]
| |
| ** [[New Left#Britain|New Left]]
| |
| ** [[Trotskyism in the United Kingdom|Trotskyism]]
| |
| * [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==== Oceanian ==== | | ==== Middle Eastern/Indian ==== |
| {{main|History of socialism#Oceania|l1=Socialism in Oceania}}
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Socialism in Australia|Australia]]
| |
| * [[Melanesian socialism|Melanesia]]
| |
| * [[Socialism in New Zealand|New Zealand]]
| |
| }}
| |
|
| |
|
| == Syndicalism ==
| | * [[Arab socialism|Arab]] |
| {{Syndicalism sidebar}}{{main|Syndicalism}}
| | ** [[Nasserism]] |
| ; Political internationals
| | ** [[Socialism in Tunisia|Tunisia]] |
| * [[International Confederation of Labor]] ([[anarcho-syndicalism]] and [[revolutionary syndicalism]]) | | * [[Socialism in India|India]] |
| * [[IWA–AIT|International Workers' Association]] ([[anarcho-syndicalism]]) | | ** [[Gandhian socialism]] |
| | ** [[Naxalism]] |
| | ** [[Nehruism]] |
| | * [[Socialism in Iran|Iran]] |
| | * [[Rojava Revolution|Rojava]] |
| | * [[Labor Zionism|Israel]] |
| | * [[Socialism in Pakistan|Pakistan]] |
|
| |
|
| === General === | | === Religious variants === |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em| | | {{main articles|Religious socialism}} |
| * [[Anarcho-syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Co-operatism]]
| |
| * [[De Leonism]]
| |
| * [[Revolutionary syndicalism]]
| |
| * [[Sorelianism]]
| |
| * [[Industrial Workers of the World philosophy and tactics|Wobblyism]]
| |
| }} | |
|
| |
|
| === Other ===
| | * [[Buddhist socialism]] |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| | * [[Christian socialism]] |
| * [[Council communism]] | | ** [[Diggers]] |
| * [[Democratic socialism]]
| | ** [[Levellers]] |
| * [[Guild socialism]] | | ** [[Liberation theology]] |
| * [[Libertarian socialism]] | | ** [[Proto-socialism]] |
| * [[National syndicalism]] | | ** [[Social Gospel]] |
| ** [[National syndicalism#France|France]] | | * [[Islamic socialism]] |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Italy|Italy]] | | * [[Jewish socialism]] |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Iberian Peninsula|Portugal]] | | ** [[Kibbutzim]] |
| ** [[National syndicalism#Iberian Peninsula|Spain]] | | * [[Mazdakism]] |
| * [[Social anarchism]] | |
| * [[Social democracy]] | |
| * [[Orthodox Marxism]]
| |
| * [[Utopian socialism]] | |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Opposition ===
| |
| * [[Opposition to trade unions|Anti-unionism]]
| |
| | |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Argentine Regional Workers' Federation|Argentina]]
| |
| * [[Brazilian Workers Confederation|Brazil]]
| |
| * [[Confédération nationale du travail|France]] | |
| * [[Free Workers' Union of Germany|Germany]] | |
| * [[Unione Sindacale Italiana|Italy]] | |
| * [[National Labor Secretariat|Netherlands]]
| |
| * [[Norsk Syndikalistisk Forbund|Norway]]
| |
| * [[Confederation of Revolutionary Anarcho-Syndicalists|Russia]]
| |
| * [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|Spain]]
| |
| * [[Central Organisation of the Workers of Sweden|Sweden]]
| |
| * [[Solidarity Federation|United Kingdom]]
| |
| * [[Industrial Workers of the World|United States]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| == Transhumanism ==
| |
| {{transhumanism}}
| |
| {{main|Transhumanist politics}}
| |
| ; Political internationals
| |
| * [[Humanity+]] ([[transhumanist politics]])
| |
| | |
| === General ===
| |
| {{main|Transhumanism}}
| |
| * [[Anarcho-transhumanism]]
| |
| * [[Democratic transhumanism]]
| |
| * [[Libertarian transhumanism]]
| |
| | |
| === Other ===
| |
| {{columns-list|colwidth=35em|
| |
| * [[Anti-aging movement]]
| |
| * [[Extropianism]]
| |
| * [[Immortalism]]
| |
| * [[Post-genderism]]
| |
| * [[Post-politicism]]
| |
| * [[Singularitarianism]]
| |
| * [[Technogaianism]]
| |
| * [[Techno-progressivism]]
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| === Regional variants ===
| |
| * [[Transhumanist Party|United States]]
| |
| | |
| == See also ==
| |
| {{Portal|Politics}}
| |
| * [[Ideology]]
| |
| * [[List of communist ideologies]]
| |
| * [[List of forms of government]]
| |
| * [[List of ideologies named after people]]
| |
| * [[Political international]]
| |
| * [[Political party]]
| |
| | |
| == References ==
| |
| {{reflist}}
| |
| | |
| == External links ==
| |
| | |
| * [https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/PoliticalIdeologies Useful Notes on Political Ideologies]
| |
|
| |
|
| {{political ideologies}} | | {{Political ideologies}} |
|
| |
|
| [[Category:Political ideologies|*list]] | | [[Category:Politics-related lists|Political ideologies]] |
