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-{{short description|Two-time Acting Prime Minister of India}}
+{{Short description|Indian politician and economist (1898–1998)}}
 {{Use Indian English|date=August 2014}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
-{{Infobox officeholder
+{{officeholder
-| image               = Gulzarilal Nanda stamp (cropped).jpg
+| image               = File:Gulzarilal Nanda stamp (cropped).jpg
 | alt                 =
-| caption             =
+| caption             = Portrait of Nanda on a 1999 stamp of India
 | image_size          =
-| office              = Interim [[Prime Minister of India]]
+| office              = [[Prime Minister of India]]
+| status            = {{small|Acting}}
 | president           = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
-| term_start          = 11 January 1966
+| vicepresident = [[Zakir Husain]] | term_start          = 11 January 1966
 | term_end            = 24 January 1966
 | predecessor         = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 | term_end2           = 9 June 1964
 | president2          = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
-| predecessor2        = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
+| vicepresident2 = [[Zakir Husain (politician)|Zakir Hussain]] | predecessor2        = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
 | successor2          = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
 | office3             = [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
@@ Line 30: / Line 31: @@
 | predecessor4        = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
 | successor4          = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]
-| birth_date          = {{birth date|1898|7|4|df=y}}
+| office5 = [[Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission]] | predecessor5 = ''position established'' | term5 = 17 February 1953 - 21 September 1963  | successor5 = [[V. T. Krishnamachari]] | office6 = 2nd [[Leader of the House in Lok Sabha]] | term6 = 11 January 1966	- 24 January 1966 | term7 = 27 May 1964- 9 June 1964 | predecessor6 = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] | successor6 = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] | predecessor7 = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] | successor7 = [[Satya Narayan Sinha]] | birth_date          = {{birth date|1898|7|4|df=y}}
-| birth_place         = [[Sialkot]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]]
+| birth_place         = [[Sialkot]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], [[British India]]
 | death_date          = {{death date and age|1998|1|15|1898|7|4|df=y}}
+| height.             = [[ 5.9 ]]
 | death_place         = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]
 | party               = [[Indian National Congress]]
@@ Line 39: / Line 41: @@
 | relations           =
 | children            = 2 sons and 1 daughter
-| parents             = |
+| parents             =
 }}
+'''Gulzarilal Nanda''' (4 July 1898 – 15 January 1998)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/jan/15nan.htm |title=Rediff on the NeT: Former PM Gulzarilal Nanda dead |work=Rediff.com |access-date=2015-05-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Disha Experts |title=General Awareness for SSC Exams - CGL/ CHSL/ MTS/ GD Constable/ Stenographer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NrctDwAAQBAJ&pg=SL2-PA90 |date=10 July 2017 |publisher=Disha Publications |isbn=978-93-86323-29-3 |page=2}}</ref> was an Indian politician and economist who specialised in [[Labor economics|labour issues]]. He was the Interim [[Prime Minister of India]] for two 13-day tenures following the deaths of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in 1964 and [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] in 1966 respectively. Both his terms ended after the ruling [[Indian National Congress]]'s parliamentary party elected a new prime minister. He was awarded the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian award, in 1997.
-'''Gulzarilal Nanda''' (4 July 1898 – 15 January 1998)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/jan/15nan.htm |title=Rediff on the NeT: Former PM Gulzarilal Nanda dead |work=Rediff.com |access-date=2015-05-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Disha Experts |title=General Awareness for SSC Exams - CGL/ CHSL/ MTS/ GD Constable/ Stenographer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NrctDwAAQBAJ&pg=SL2-PA90 |date=10 July 2017 |publisher=Disha Publications |isbn=978-93-86323-29-3 |page=2}}</ref> was an Indian politician and economist who specialized in [[Labor economics|labour issues]]. He was the Interim [[Prime Minister of India]] for two short periods following the deaths of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in 1964 and [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] in 1966 respectively. Both his terms ended after the ruling [[Indian National Congress]]'s parliamentary party elected a new prime minister. He was awarded the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian award, in 1997.
 ==Early life==
-===Born===
+===Birth===
-Nanda was born on 4 July 1898 in [[Sialkot]] in the [[Punjab (India)|Punjab Province of India]] into a [[Punjabi Hindu]] Barbal(नाई) family. Sialkot became a part of the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab Province of Pakistan]] in 1947, after the partition of [[ India]] and creation of [[Pakistan]]. Nanda received his education in [[Lahore]], [[Amritsar]], [[Agra]], and [[Prayagraj]].{{citation needed|date=September 2011}}
-===Research worker===
-Nanda worked as a research scholar on labour problems at [[Allahabad University]] (1920–1921), and became a professor of economics at National College in [[Bombay]] ([[Mumbai]]) in 1921.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} The same year, he joined the Indian [[Non-Cooperation Movement]] against the British Raj. In 1922, he became secretary of the Ahmedabad [[Textile Labour Association]] where he worked until 1946. He was imprisoned for [[Satyagraha]] in 1932, and again from 1942 to 1944.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}. He was honored with "Proud Past Alumni" in the list of 42 members, from "Allahabad University Alumni Association", NCR, Ghaziabad (Greater Noida) Chapter 2007–2008 registered under society act 1860 with registration no. 407/2000.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120707073335/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 "She is Proud Past Alumni Allahabad University"]. auaa.in.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081011000917/http://www.auaa.in/proudpast.html "Internet Archive of Proud Past Alumni"]. auaa.in.</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20120707073335/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 "Internet Archive of Proud Past Alumni"]. auaa.in.</ref>
-He married Lakshmi, with whom he had two sons and a daughter.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kalhan|first1=Promilla|title=Gulzarilal Nanda: A Life in the Service of the People|date=1997|publisher=Allied Publishers|page=xvi|isbn=9788170236931|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KuhcRfddkQMC&pg=PR16}}</ref>
+Nanda was born on 4 July 1898 in [[Sialkot]] in the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]] in a [[Punjabi Hindu]] [[Khatri]] family.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Puri|first=Baij Nath|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ytuAAAAMAAJ&q=baij+nath+puri+gulzarilal+nanda+khatri|title=The Khatris, a Socio-cultural Study|date=1988|publisher=M.N. Publishers and Distributors|language=en}}</ref> Sialkot later became a part of the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab Province of Pakistan]] in 1947, after the partition of [[ India]]. Nanda received his education in [[Lahore]], [[Amritsar]], [[Agra]], and [[Allahabad]].
-==Members of Assembly and Parliament==
+He met Mahatma Gandhi in 1921, where he settled in Gujarat on his request.
-{{unreferenced section|date=August 2012}}
-===[[British Raj]]===
+{{citation needed|date=September 2011}}
-In the British Raj, Nanda was elected to the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]] in 1937, and served as parliamentary secretary (for Labor and Excise) to the [[Government of Bombay]] from 1937 to 1939. As Labour Minister of the Bombay Government during 1946–1950, he successfully piloted the Labor Disputes Bill in the state assembly. He served as a Trustee of the Kasturba Memorial Trust. (Kasturba was the wife of [[Mahatma Gandhi]].) He served as secretary of the Hindustan Mazdoor Sevak Sangh (Indian Labor Welfare Organization), and Chairman of the Bombay Housing Board. He was a member of the National Planning Committee. He was largely instrumental in organising the [[Indian National Trade Union Congress]], and later became its president.
-In 1947, Nanda went to [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]] as a government delegate to the International Labor Conference. He worked on The Freedom of Association Committee of the Conference, and visited [[Sweden]], [[France]], [[Switzerland]], [[Belgium]], and the [[United Kingdom]] to study labour and housing conditions in those countries.
+===Research worker===
+Nanda worked as a research scholar on labour problems at [[Allahabad University]] (1920–1921), and became a professor of economics at National College in [[Bombay]] ([[Mumbai]]) in 1921.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} The same year, he joined the Indian [[Non-Cooperation Movement]] against the British Raj. In 1922, he became secretary of the Ahmedabad [[Textile Labour Association]] where he worked until 1946. He was imprisoned for [[Satyagraha]] in 1932, and again from 1942 to 1944.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}. He was honoured with "Proud Past Alumni" in the list of 42 members, from "Allahabad University Alumni Association", NCR, Ghaziabad (Greater Noida) Chapter 2007–2008 registered under society act 1860 with registration no. 407/2000.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120707073335/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 "She is Proud Past Alumni Allahabad University"]. auaa.in.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081011000917/http://www.auaa.in/proudpast.html "Internet Archive of Proud Past Alumni"]. auaa.in.</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20120707073335/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 "Internet Archive of Proud Past Alumni"]. auaa.in.</ref>
-===Indian Planning Commission===
+He married Lakshmi, with whom he had two sons and a daughter.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Kalhan|first1=Promilla|title=Gulzarilal Nanda: A Life in the Service of the People|date=1997|publisher=Allied Publishers|page=xvi|isbn=9788170236931|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KuhcRfddkQMC&pg=PR16}}</ref>
-In March 1950, Nanda joined the Indian Planning Commission as its vice-chairman. In September 1951, he was appointed Planning Minister in the Indian Government. He was also given charge of the portfolios of Irrigation and Power. He was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]] from Bombay in the general elections of 1952, and was reappointed Minister for Planning, Irrigation, and Power. He led the Indian Delegation to the Plan Consultative Committee held in [[Singapore]] in 1955, and the International Labor Conference held in Geneva in 1959.
-===Lok Sabha member===
+==Lok Sabha member==
 Nanda was elected to the Lok Sabha in the 1957 elections, and was appointed Union Minister for Labour, Employment and Planning, and later, as Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission. He visited the [[Federal Republic of Germany]], [[Yugoslavia]], and Austria in 1959.
 Nanda was re-elected to the Lok Sabha in the 1962 elections from the [[Sabarkantha]] constituency in [[Gujarat]]. He initiated the Congress Forum for Socialist Action in 1962. He was Union Minister for Labour and Employment in 1962–1963, and [[Minister for Home Affairs]] in 1963–1966.
-Nanda was re-elected to the Lok Sabha in the 1967 and 1971 elections from the [[Kaithal (Lok Sabha Constituency)]] in [[Haryana]].<ref name="5-ls">{{cite web|title=Fifth Lok Sabha -State wise Details – Haryana|url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/statedetailar.aspx?state_name=Haryana&lsno=4|access-date=22 December 2017}}</ref>
+Nanda was re-elected to the Lok Sabha in the 1967 and 1971 elections from the [[Kaithal (Lok Sabha Constituency)]] in [[Haryana]]. He was a principled man. In 1971, he resigned from the Congress saying that he did not like the politics of that era. <ref name="5-ls">{{cite web|title=Fifth Lok Sabha -State wise Details – Haryana|url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/statedetailar.aspx?state_name=Haryana&lsno=4|access-date=22 December 2017}}</ref>{{better source|date=January 2022}}
 == Interim Prime Minister ==
-Nanda was the Interim Prime Minister of India twice for thirteen days each: the first time after the death of first Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in 1964, and the second time after the death of second Prime Minister [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] in 1966.<ref>[http://pmindia.nic.in/pastpm.php Former PMs of India] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625084219/http://pmindia.nic.in/pastpm.php |date=25 June 2014 }}</ref> He was the Home Minister of India during both these periods, and this is the reason why he was chosen as Prime Minister. The Indian Constitution has no provision of Acting Prime Minister as is widely circulated but incorrectly. Both his terms were uneventful, yet they came at sensitive times because of the potential danger to the country following Nehru's death soon after a war with China in 1962 and Shastri's death after a war with Pakistan in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/gulzarilal-nanda.html |title=Gulzarilal Nanda Biography – Gulzarilal Nanda Profile, Childhood, Life, Timeline |publisher=Iloveindia.com |date=1998-01-15 |access-date=2015-05-25}}</ref> Nanda died on 15 January 1998 at the age of 99; from 25 November 1997 when former [[Malawian]] President [[Hastings Banda]] died, until his own death Nanda was the oldest living former State Leader.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/01/18/deaths/3c6cae5b-af47-4075-a8b6-a3ce7c65702f/ DEATHS]. The Washington Post (18 January 1998). Retrieved on 2018-11-28.</ref> At his death, Nanda was the last surviving member of the second and third Nehru cabinets and the last living state leader to have been born in the 19th century.
+Nanda was the Interim Prime Minister of India twice for thirteen days each: the first time after the death of first Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in 1964, and the second time after the death of Prime Minister [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] in 1966.<ref>[http://pmindia.nic.in/pastpm.php Former PMs of India] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625084219/http://pmindia.nic.in/pastpm.php |date=25 June 2014 }}</ref> He was the Home Minister of India during both these periods, and this is the reason why he was chosen as Prime Minister. The Indian Constitution has no provision of Acting Prime Minister as is widely circulated but incorrectly. Both his terms were uneventful, yet they came at sensitive times because of the potential danger to the country following Nehru's death soon after a war with China in 1962 and Shastri's death after a war with Pakistan in 1965.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/gulzarilal-nanda.html |title=Gulzarilal Nanda Biography – Gulzarilal Nanda Profile, Childhood, Life, Timeline |publisher=Iloveindia.com |date=1998-01-15 |access-date=2015-05-25}}</ref> Nanda died on 15 January 1998 at the age of 99; from 25 November 1997 when former [[Malawian]] President [[Hastings Banda]] died; until his own death Nanda was the oldest living former state leader.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1998/01/18/deaths/3c6cae5b-af47-4075-a8b6-a3ce7c65702f/ DEATHS]. The Washington Post (18 January 1998). Retrieved on 2018-11-28.</ref> At his death, Nanda was the last surviving member of the second and third Nehru cabinets and the last living state leader to have been born in the 19th century.
+== Gandhian life ==
+He lived a very simple life, with no personal property at the time of his death. He never allowed politics to influence his family life. Yet he always had enough time for his family. He once engaged his government provided driver for a car that was used by his family. He never allowed his family to use his official vehicle. He once got angry with his staff when he learned that his grandson, Tejas used his office paper and drew a picture. He immediately purchased paper from market and gave his grandson to draw on it.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-01|title=Gulzarilal Nanda — Frugal and honest life dedicated to country|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gulzarilal-nanda-frugal-and-honest-life-dedicated-to-country/articleshow/33078741.cms|access-date=2022-08-05|website=Times Of India|language=en}}</ref>
+He was also concerned about rising corruption in the country and suggested to decrease wasteful consumption by officials and people in general. He had also opposed Indira Gandhi's Emergency, as he felt that the sacrifices to bring democracy to India became meaningless due to the tyranny.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-15|title=Gulzarilal Nanda Death Anniversary: 10 Things to Know about the Former Prime Minister of India|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/gulzarilal-nanda-death-anniversary-10-things-to-know-about-the-former-prime-minister-of-india-3291047.html|access-date=2022-02-10|website=News18|language=en}}</ref>
 == In popular culture ==
-''A Dedicated Worker -  Shri Gulzarilal Nanda'' is a 1999 [[Short film|short]] [[documentary film]] directed by A. K. Goorha and produced by the [[Films Division of India]] which covers Nanda's work towards labourers and others as the PM and otherwise.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEDICATED WORKER ,A – SHRI GULZARILAL NANDA' {{!}} Films Division|url=https://filmsdivision.org/shop/dedicated-worker-a-shri-gulzarilal-nanda|access-date=2021-06-11|website=filmsdivision.org}}</ref>
+''A Dedicated Worker – Shri Gulzarilal Nanda'' is a 1999 [[Short film|short]] [[documentary film]] directed by A. K. Goorha and produced by the [[Films Division of India]] which covers Nanda's work towards labourers and others as the PM and otherwise.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DEDICATED WORKER ,A – SHRI GULZARILAL NANDA' {{!}} Films Division|url=https://filmsdivision.org/shop/dedicated-worker-a-shri-gulzarilal-nanda|access-date=2021-06-11|website=filmsdivision.org}}</ref>
 ==References==
@@ Line 81: / Line 81: @@
 ==Further reading==
-{{Commons category|Gulzarilal Nanda}}
-{{Wikiquote}}
 * {{cite book|last1=Kalhan|first1=Promilla|title=Gulzarilal Nanda: A Life in the Service of the People|date=1997|publisher=Allied Publishers|isbn=9788170236931|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KuhcRfddkQMC&pg=PR16}}
@@ Line 104: / Line 104: @@
 |-
 {{s-ttl|title=Chairperson of the [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]]<br/><small></small>|years=1966}}
-{{S-ach|rec}}
-{{succession box
-| title  = [[List of oldest living state leaders|Oldest living state leader]]
-| years  = 25 November 1997 – 15 January 1998
-| before = [[Hastings Banda]]
-| after  = [[Konstantinos Kollias]]
-}}
 {{s-end}}
 {{Prime Ministers of India}}
@@ Line 123: / Line 116: @@
 [[Category:1898 births]]
 [[Category:1998 deaths]]
-[[Category:1st Lok Sabha members]]
+[[Category:India MPs 1952–1957]]
-[[Category:2nd Lok Sabha members]]
+[[Category:India MPs 1957–1962]]
-[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]
+[[Category:India MPs 1962–1967]]
-[[Category:4th Lok Sabha members]]
+[[Category:India MPs 1967–1970]]
-[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]
+[[Category:India MPs 1971–1977]]
 [[Category:Bombay State politicians]]
 [[Category:Indian Hindus]]
@@ Line 144: / Line 137: @@
 [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs]]
 [[Category:University of Allahabad alumni]]
-[[Category:State funerals in India]]
+Swarup Rani Nehru (née Thussu, 1868 – 10 January 1938) was the wife of the barrister and Indian National Congress leader Motilal Nehru and mother of India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru