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{{Short description|Indian revolutionary and politician}} | {{Short description|Indian revolutionary and politician (1913–1995)}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=July | {{Use British English|date=July 2022}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| name | | name = Kalpana Dutta (কল্পনা দত্ত) | ||
| image | | image = Woman revolutionary, Kalpana Dutt.jpg | ||
| birth_date | | caption = | ||
| birth_place | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1913|07|27|df=y}} | ||
| death_date | | birth_place = Sripur, [[Boalkhali Upazila]], [[Chittagong District]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]], [[British India]] (now Bangladesh) | ||
| death_place | | death_date = {{death date and age|1995|2|8|1913|7|27|df=y}} | ||
| death_place = [[Calcutta]] (now [[Kolkata, West Bengal]], India | |||
| party | | party = Indian Republican Army, Chittagong branch<br /> | ||
From 1940 onwards, [[Communist Party of India]] | From 1940 onwards, [[Communist Party of India]] | ||
| profession | | profession = [[Indian independence movement]] activist, [[revolutionist]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kalpana | '''Kalpana Datta''' (27 July 1913 – 8 February 1995), also '''Kalpana Joshi''', was an [[Indian independence movement]] activist and a member of the armed independence movement led by [[Surya Sen]], which carried out the [[Chittagong armoury raid]] in 1930.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chandra |first1=Bipan |author1-link=Bipan Chandra |last2=Mukherjee |first2=Mridula |author2-link=Mridula Mukherjee |last3=Mukherjee |first3=Aditya |last4=Mahajan |first4=Sucheta |last5=Panikkar |first5=K.N. |author5-link=K. N. Panikkar |year=2016 |orig-year=First published 1987 |title=India's Struggle for Independence |edition=Revised and updated |publisher=Penguin Books |page=253 |isbn=978-0-14-010781-4}}</ref> Later she joined the [[Communist Party of India]] and married [[Puran Chand Joshi]], the General Secretary of the [[Communist Party of India#History|Communist Party of India]] in 1943.<ref>{{cite news|date=26 February 1995|title=Kalpana Joshi, 81; Struggled for India|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/26/obituaries/kalpana-joshi-81-struggled-for-india.html|url-status=live|access-date=19 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210044042/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/26/obituaries/kalpana-joshi-81-struggled-for-india.html|archive-date=2010-12-10}}</ref> | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Kalpana | Kalpana Datta (also commonly spelled Dutta) was born to a [[Baidya#Colonial Bengal|Baidya]] family in Sripur,<ref name=Banglapedia>{{citation | ||
|author=Sailesh Kumar Bandyopadhyay | |author=Sailesh Kumar Bandyopadhyay | ||
|chapter=Dutta, Kalpana | |chapter=Dutta, Kalpana | ||
|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Datta,_Kalpana | |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Datta,_Kalpana | ||
|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second}}</ref> a village of [[Chittagong District]] in the [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]] of [[British India]] (Sripur is now located in [[Boalkhali Upazila]] in Bangladesh). Her father Binod Behari Dattagupta was a government employee. After passing her [[matriculation examination]] in 1929 | |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second}}</ref> a village of [[Chittagong District]] in the [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]] of [[British India]] (Sripur is now located in [[Boalkhali Upazila]] in Bangladesh). Her father Binod Behari Dattagupta was a government employee. After passing her [[matriculation examination]] in 1929 in Chittagong, she went to [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] and joined the [[Bethune College]] to study science. Soon, she joined the ''[[Chhatri Sangha]]'' (Women Students Association), a semi-revolutionary organization in which [[Bina Das]] and [[Pritilata Waddedar]] were also active member's.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jain|first=Simmi|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Women through the Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vDiqxmuQmIC&pg=PA106|volume=3|year=2003|publisher=Kalpaz Publications|location=Delhi|isbn=81-7835-174-9|page=106}}</ref> | ||
==Armed independence movement== | ==Armed independence movement== | ||
The Chittagong | The Chittagong armoury raid was carried out on 18 April 1930.{{citation needed|date= August 2022}} Kalpana joined the "[[Indian Republican Army]], Chattagram branch," the armed resistance group led by Surya Sen, in May 1931. In September 1931 Surya Sen entrusted her along with [[Pritilata Waddedar]] to attack the European Club in Chittagong. A week before the attack, she was arrested while carrying out reconnaissance of the area. She went into hiding after her release on bail. On 16 February 1933, the police encircled their hiding place in Gairala village. During this raid, Surya Sen was arrested but Kalpana managed to escape. To free Surya she tried to bomb the jail with explosives but failed.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1933-06-23|title=Surya Sen Trial: Revolvers Identified|page=22|work=The Indian Express|agency=Free Press Of India|publication-place=Calcutta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=94g-AAAAIBAJ&dq=kalpana+dutt&pg=PA22|access-date=2022-01-07}}</ref> | ||
Kalpana was finally arrested on 19 May 1933.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1933-05-19|title=Kalpana Dutt Caught At Last|page=6|work=The Indian Express|publisher=Free Press Of India|publication-place=Chittagong|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6NE-AAAAIBAJ&dq=%22Surya%20Sen%22&pg=PA6|access-date=2022-01-07}}</ref> In the second supplementary trial of the Chittagong armoury raid case, Kalpana was sentenced to [[Penal transportation|transportation]] for life. She was released in 1939.{{citation needed|date= August 2022}} | |||
== Later life == | == Later life == | ||
Kalpana Datta graduated from the [[Calcutta University]] in 1940 and joined the [[Communist Party of India]]. She served as a relief worker during the [[1943 Bengal famine]] and during the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|Partition of Bengal]].<ref name=mainstream/> She wrote an autobiographical book in Bengali "চট্টগ্রাম অস্ত্রাগার আক্রমণকারীদের স্মৃতিকথা" | Kalpana Datta graduated from the [[Calcutta University]] in 1940 and joined the [[Communist Party of India]]. She served as a relief worker during the [[1943 Bengal famine]] and during the [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|Partition of Bengal]].<ref name=mainstream/> She wrote an autobiographical book in Bengali "চট্টগ্রাম অস্ত্রাগার আক্রমণকারীদের স্মৃতিকথা" | ||
which was translated into English by Arun Bose & Nikhil Chakraborty with a preface by Com. P. C. Joshi, a communist leader | which was translated into English by Arun Bose & Nikhil Chakraborty with a preface by her husband Com. P. C. Joshi, a communist leader, as "Chittagong Armoury Raiders: Reminiscences," published in English in October 1945.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dutt|first=Kalpana|title=চট্টগ্রাম অস্ত্রাগার আক্রমণকারীদের স্মৃতিকথা|isbn=8185459657|language=bn|oclc=882444567}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dutt|first=Kalpana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wcoBAAAAMAAJ|title=Chittagong Armoury Raiders: Reminiscences|date=1979|publisher=Peoples̕ Publishing House|language=en|oclc=831737120}}</ref> In 1946, she contested in the elections for the Bengal Legislative Assembly as a Communist Party of India candidate from Chittagong but could not win. | ||
Later, she joined the [[Indian Statistical Institute]] where she worked until her retirement. She died in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] on 8 February 1995.<ref name=mainstream>[[Nikhil Chakravartty]], Kalpana Dutt's obituary in Mainstream, 18 February 1995.</ref> | Later, she joined the [[Indian Statistical Institute]] where she worked until her retirement. She died in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] on 8 February 1995.<ref name=mainstream>[[Nikhil Chakravartty]], Kalpana Dutt's obituary in Mainstream, 18 February 1995.</ref> | ||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
In 1943, she married the then General Secretary of the [[Communist Party of India]], [[Puran Chand Joshi]]. They had two sons: Chand and Suraj. Chand Joshi (1946-2000) was a noted journalist, who worked for the [[Hindustan Times#History|Hindustan Times]]. He was also known for his work, Bhindranwale: Myth and Reality | In 1943, she married the then General Secretary of the [[Communist Party of India]], [[Puran Chand Joshi]]. They had two sons: Chand and Suraj. Chand Joshi (1946-2000) was a noted journalist, who worked for the [[Hindustan Times#History|Hindustan Times]]. He was also known for his work, Bhindranwale: Myth and Reality(1985).Chand's wife Manini (née Chatterjee) penned a book on the Chattagram armoury raid, titled'', "''Do and Die: The Chattagram Uprising 1930-34''."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000205/windows/above.htm|title=This above All|date=5 February 2000|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|access-date=19 May 2022}}</ref>'' | ||
{{Anushilan Samiti}} | |||
==Artistic depictions== | ==Artistic depictions== | ||
In 2010, [[Deepika Padukone]] starred as Kalpana Datta and [[Abhishek Bachchan]] starred as Surya Sen, in a [[Hindi]] movie, ''[[Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey]]'', which dealt with the [[Chittagong armoury raid]] and its aftermath. | In 2010, [[Deepika Padukone]] starred as Kalpana Datta and [[Abhishek Bachchan]] starred as Surya Sen, in a [[Hindi]] movie, ''[[Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey]]'', which dealt with the [[Chittagong armoury raid]] and its aftermath.{{citation needed|date= August 2022}} | ||
Another movie, ''[[Chittagong (film)|Chittagong]]'', was released on 12 October 2012, based on the uprising. It was produced and directed by [[Bedabrata Pain]], an ex-NASA scientist. | |||
Another movie, ''[[Chittagong (film)|Chittagong]]'', was released on 12 October 2012, based on the uprising. It was produced and directed by [[Bedabrata Pain]], an ex-NASA scientist.{{citation needed|date= August 2022}} | |||
== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| Line 64: | Line 67: | ||
[[Category:Women Indian independence activists]] | [[Category:Women Indian independence activists]] | ||
[[Category:Female politicians of the Communist Party of India]] | [[Category:Female politicians of the Communist Party of India]] | ||
[[Category:Female revolutionaries]] | |||
Revision as of 23:19, 8 December 2022
Kalpana Dutta (কল্পনা দত্ত) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 27 July 1913 Sripur, Boalkhali Upazila, Chittagong District, Bengal Province, British India (now Bangladesh) |
| Died | 8 February 1995 (aged 81) Calcutta (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India |
| Political party | Indian Republican Army, Chittagong branch From 1940 onwards, Communist Party of India |
| Profession | Indian independence movement activist, revolutionist |
Kalpana Datta (27 July 1913 – 8 February 1995), also Kalpana Joshi, was an Indian independence movement activist and a member of the armed independence movement led by Surya Sen, which carried out the Chittagong armoury raid in 1930.[1] Later she joined the Communist Party of India and married Puran Chand Joshi, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India in 1943.[2]
Early life
Kalpana Datta (also commonly spelled Dutta) was born to a Baidya family in Sripur,[3] a village of Chittagong District in the Bengal Province of British India (Sripur is now located in Boalkhali Upazila in Bangladesh). Her father Binod Behari Dattagupta was a government employee. After passing her matriculation examination in 1929 in Chittagong, she went to Calcutta and joined the Bethune College to study science. Soon, she joined the Chhatri Sangha (Women Students Association), a semi-revolutionary organization in which Bina Das and Pritilata Waddedar were also active member's.[4]
Armed independence movement
The Chittagong armoury raid was carried out on 18 April 1930.[citation needed] Kalpana joined the "Indian Republican Army, Chattagram branch," the armed resistance group led by Surya Sen, in May 1931. In September 1931 Surya Sen entrusted her along with Pritilata Waddedar to attack the European Club in Chittagong. A week before the attack, she was arrested while carrying out reconnaissance of the area. She went into hiding after her release on bail. On 16 February 1933, the police encircled their hiding place in Gairala village. During this raid, Surya Sen was arrested but Kalpana managed to escape. To free Surya she tried to bomb the jail with explosives but failed.[5]
Kalpana was finally arrested on 19 May 1933.[6] In the second supplementary trial of the Chittagong armoury raid case, Kalpana was sentenced to transportation for life. She was released in 1939.[citation needed]
Later life
Kalpana Datta graduated from the Calcutta University in 1940 and joined the Communist Party of India. She served as a relief worker during the 1943 Bengal famine and during the Partition of Bengal.[7] She wrote an autobiographical book in Bengali "চট্টগ্রাম অস্ত্রাগার আক্রমণকারীদের স্মৃতিকথা" which was translated into English by Arun Bose & Nikhil Chakraborty with a preface by her husband Com. P. C. Joshi, a communist leader, as "Chittagong Armoury Raiders: Reminiscences," published in English in October 1945.[8][9] In 1946, she contested in the elections for the Bengal Legislative Assembly as a Communist Party of India candidate from Chittagong but could not win.
Later, she joined the Indian Statistical Institute where she worked until her retirement. She died in Calcutta on 8 February 1995.[7]
Personal life
In 1943, she married the then General Secretary of the Communist Party of India, Puran Chand Joshi. They had two sons: Chand and Suraj. Chand Joshi (1946-2000) was a noted journalist, who worked for the Hindustan Times. He was also known for his work, Bhindranwale: Myth and Reality(1985).Chand's wife Manini (née Chatterjee) penned a book on the Chattagram armoury raid, titled, "Do and Die: The Chattagram Uprising 1930-34."[10]
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| Influence |
| Anushilan Samiti |
| Notable events |
| Related topics |
Artistic depictions
In 2010, Deepika Padukone starred as Kalpana Datta and Abhishek Bachchan starred as Surya Sen, in a Hindi movie, Khelein Hum Jee Jaan Sey, which dealt with the Chittagong armoury raid and its aftermath.[citation needed]
Another movie, Chittagong, was released on 12 October 2012, based on the uprising. It was produced and directed by Bedabrata Pain, an ex-NASA scientist.[citation needed]
References
- ↑ Chandra, Bipan; Mukherjee, Mridula; Mukherjee, Aditya; Mahajan, Sucheta; Panikkar, K.N. (2016) [First published 1987]. India's Struggle for Independence (Revised and updated ed.). Penguin Books. p. 253. ISBN 978-0-14-010781-4.
- ↑ "Kalpana Joshi, 81; Struggled for India". The New York Times. 26 February 1995. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
- ↑ Sailesh Kumar Bandyopadhyay (2012), "Dutta, Kalpana", in Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.), Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.), Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
- ↑ Jain, Simmi (2003). Encyclopaedia of Indian Women through the Ages. Vol. 3. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. p. 106. ISBN 81-7835-174-9.
- ↑ "Surya Sen Trial: Revolvers Identified". The Indian Express. Calcutta. Free Press Of India. 23 June 1933. p. 22. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
- ↑ "Kalpana Dutt Caught At Last". The Indian Express. Chittagong: Free Press Of India. 19 May 1933. p. 6. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Nikhil Chakravartty, Kalpana Dutt's obituary in Mainstream, 18 February 1995.
- ↑ Dutt, Kalpana. চট্টগ্রাম অস্ত্রাগার আক্রমণকারীদের স্মৃতিকথা (in Bengali). ISBN 8185459657. OCLC 882444567.
- ↑ Dutt, Kalpana (1979). Chittagong Armoury Raiders: Reminiscences. Peoples̕ Publishing House. OCLC 831737120.
- ↑ "This above All". The Tribune. 5 February 2000. Retrieved 19 May 2022.