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Operation Green Hunt: Difference between revisions
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| status = Ongoing | | status = Ongoing | ||
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|India}} [[Government of India]] | | combatant1 = {{flagicon|India}} [[Government of India]] | ||
* {{flagicon image|Flag | * {{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} [[CRPF]] | ||
* {{flagicon image|इंडियन-आर्म्ड-फोर्सेज.png}} [[Indian Armed Forces]] | * {{flagicon image|इंडियन-आर्म्ड-फोर्सेज.png}} [[Indian Armed Forces]] | ||
* [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]] | * [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]] | ||
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*[[People's Liberation Guerrilla Army]] | *[[People's Liberation Guerrilla Army]] | ||
| combatant3 = | | combatant3 = | ||
| commander1 = {{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Ram Nath Kovind]]<br />([[President of India|President]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Narendra Modi]]<br />([[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Amit Shah]]<br />([[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[S. Jaishankar|Subrahmanyam Jaishankar]]<br />([[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]])<br />{{flagicon image|Flag | | commander1 = {{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Ram Nath Kovind]]<br />([[President of India|President]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Narendra Modi]]<br />([[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Amit Shah]]<br />([[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[S. Jaishankar|Subrahmanyam Jaishankar]]<br />([[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]])<br />{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} Kuldiep Singh<br />([[Director General]]) <br />{{flagicon image|Flag COAS.svg}} [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]]<br />([[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]])<br />{{flagicon image|Naval Ensign_of India.svg}} [[Karambir Singh]]<br />([[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]])<br />{{flagicon image|Air Force Ensign_of India.svg}} [[Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria]]<br />([[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Rajnath Singh]]<br />([[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Ajay Kumar (civil servant)|Ajay Kumar]]<br />([[Defence Secretary (India)|Defence Secretary]])<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of Chief of Defence Staff (India).svg}} [[Bipin Rawat]]<br />([[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Draupadi Murmu]]<br />([[List of governors of Jharkhand|Governors of Jharkhand]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Hemant Soren]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Jharkhand|Chief Minister of Jharkhand]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Phagu Chauhan]]<br />([[List of governors of Bihar|Governor of Bihar]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Nitish Kumar]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Bihar|Chief Minister of Bihar]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Anusuiya Uikey]]<br />([[List of governors of Chhattisgarh|Governor of Chhattisgarh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Bhupesh Baghel]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Chhattisgarh|Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Ganeshi Lal]]<br />([[List of governors of Odisha|Governors of Odisha]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Naveen Patnaik]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Odisha|Chief Minister of Odisha]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Arif Mohammad Khan]]<br />([[List of governors of Kerala|Governor of Kerala]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Pinarayi Vijayan]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Kerala|Chief Minister of Kerala]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Biswabhusan Harichandan]]<br />([[List of governors of Andhra Pradesh|governors of Andhra Pradesh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Tamilisai Soundararajan]]<br />([[List of governors of Telangana|Governor of Telangana]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[K. Chandrashekar Rao]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Telangana|Chief Minister of Telangana]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Bhagat Singh Koshyari]]<br />([[List of governors of Maharashtra|Governor of Maharashtra]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Uddhav Thackeray]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Maharashtra|Chief Minister of Maharashtra]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Anandiben Patel]]<br />([[List of governors of Uttar Pradesh|Governors of Uttar Pradesh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Yogi Adityanath]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh|Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Jagdeep Dhankhar]]<br />([[List of governors of West Bengal|Governor of West Bengal]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Mamata Banerjee]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister of West Bengal]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Anandiben Patel]]<br />([[List of governors of Madhya Pradesh|Governor of Madhya Pradesh]])<br />{{flagicon|India|22px}} [[Shivraj Singh Chouhan]]<br />([[List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh|Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh]]) | ||
{{Collapsible list | {{Collapsible list | ||
| titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left; | | titlestyle=background-color:transparent; text-align:left; | ||
| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
|{{flagdeco|India|size=23px}} [[Lalji Tandon]] | |{{flagdeco|India|size=23px}} [[Lalji Tandon]] | ||
|{{flagdeco|India|size=23px}} [[Kamal Nath]] | |{{flagdeco|India|size=23px}} [[Kamal Nath]] | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} A S Gill | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} Vikram Srivastava | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} [[K. Vijay Kumar]] | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} Pranay Sahay | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} Dilip Trivedi | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} Prakash Mishra | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} K. Durga Prasad | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} [[R. R. Bhatnagar]] | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag | |{{flagicon image|CRPF Flag.svg}} [[Anand Prakash Maheshwari]] | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag COAS.svg}} [[Deepak Kapoor]] | |{{flagicon image|Flag COAS.svg}} [[Deepak Kapoor]] | ||
|{{flagicon image|Flag COAS.svg}} [[V. K. Singh]] | |{{flagicon image|Flag COAS.svg}} [[V. K. Singh]] | ||
| Line 127: | Line 127: | ||
| strength3 = | | strength3 = | ||
| casualties1 = Negligible | | casualties1 = Negligible | ||
| casualties2 = 2,266 killed<br>9,714 surrendered<br>10,181 arrested<ref> | | casualties2 = 2,266 killed<br>9,714 surrendered<br>10,181 arrested<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/surrender/india-maoistinsurgency|title = Datasheet-terrorist-attack-surrender}}</ref> | ||
| casualties3 = 2,318 civilians killed<ref> | | casualties3 = 2,318 civilians killed<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/surrender/india-maoistinsurgency|title = Datasheet-terrorist-attack-surrender}}</ref> | ||
| notes = | | notes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
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[[Category:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]] | [[Category:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]] | ||
[[Category:Operations involving Indian special forces]] | [[Category:Operations involving Indian special forces]] | ||
[[Category:Anti-communist terrorism]] | |||
Revision as of 23:17, 20 December 2021
Operation Green Hunt is the name used by the Indian media to describe the "all-out offensive by paramilitary forces and the states forces" against the Naxalites.[1] The operation is believed to have begun in November 2009 along five states in the "Red Corridor."[citation needed]
The term was coined by the Chhattisgarh police officials to describe one successful drive against the Communist Party of India (Maoist) in the state. It was erroneously used by the media to describe the wider anti-Naxalite operations; the government of India does not use the term "Operation Green Hunt" to describe its anti-Naxalite offensive.[12]
Planning and implementation
In October 2009, the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) announced that it was in the final stages of planning the offensive and had received approval from the Union-led government. The Commando Battalion for Resolute Action (CoBRA) would take the lead in the operations against Maoist insurgents.[13] But in September 2009, the media had already reported a "massive 3 day joint operation" by the CoBRA and Chhattisgarh police against the Maoists in Dantewada.[1]
At the beginning of November 2009, the first phase of the operation began in Gadchiroli district. As many as 18 companies of the central paramilitary forces were moved into the area in anticipation of the operation.[14]
In April 2010, Mark Sofer had a conversation with Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee and M. K. Narayanan on the subject of the "Maoist extremism" and West Bengal's internal security, and offered assistance by Israel in the state's battle against the Maoists.[15]
Initially in 2009, the government of India had decided to move 80,000 central paramilitary personnel to wage offensive against the Maoists, strengthened by a fleet of 10 armed helicopters from the Indian Air Force.[16] On 3 January 2013, the government of India issued a statement that it is deploying 10,000 more central paramilitary personnel in Bastar, Odisha and some parts of Jharkhand.[2] By May 2013, about 84,000 troops from the CRPF had been stationed in the Red corridor to beef up the offensive.[17] Apart from the paramilitary personnel, the SAPF personnel deployed in operations against the Maoists are estimated to number around 200,000.[5] In his analysis in March 2014, Gautam Navlakha has claimed that 286,200 CRPF personnel along with 100,000 personnel from other central paramilitary forces and the SAPF are now engaged in the offensive against the CPI (Maoist) in 10 states of India.[18] On 8 June 2014, the Minister of Home Affairs officially approved the deployment of another 10,000 troops from the paramilitary forces to fight against the Maoists in Chhattisgarh.[3]
The Times of India, in May 2013, stated that the Ministry of Home Affairs has decided to induce 10,000 more paramilitary personal to move "towards a fight to finish war against Maoists in Red Zone."[19]
The Indian Army has also been stationed in the Red corridor, however, the Army claims that it is present there to train the paramilitary personnel to fight against the Maoists and denies its direct role in the offensive operations.[20] The Chief of the Army Staff and the 7 army commanders in mid-2011 had assessed that, if required, about 60,000-65,000 troops from the Indian Army would need to be induced in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and West Bengal to battle the Naxalites.[21] On 30 May 2013, the Indian Air Force's Air Chief Marshal declared that apart from the currently operating MI-17 helicopters, the Indian Air Force is inducing a fleet of MI-17V5 helicopters to "provide full support to anti-Naxal operations."[7]
Recently in August 2014, the Ministry of Home Affairs stated that it is "sending" 2,000 personnel from the Naga Battalions of the Nagaland's Indian Reserve Battalions (IRB) in Chhattisgarh's Bastar to attack the Maoists, which according to The Economic Times, would make Bastar "the most–militarised zone in India." The Naga Battalion personnel are being send to fight the Maoists for a second time, with having battled the Maoists once before in West Bengal.[4]
The Indian armed forces' personnel use satellite phones and they also have access to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).[5] Security forces have been using UAVs in anti-Maoist operations for quite some time in Bihar, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.[22] Presently, the UAVs are being provided by the National Technical Research Organisation (NTRO) and Indian Air Force, but they have not been able to yield desired results for the armed forces. Hence, to further advance the offensive, the Defence Research and Development Organisation has taken an initiative to specially develop UAVs with "lower frequency radars" for the armed forces to "track down" the Maoists.[23] The NTRO has specially imported 12 drones from Israel for aerial surveillance of Naxalites' activities in the forest region on Andhra Pradesh–Orissa–Chhattisgarh border.[8]
See also
- Naxalites
- Timeline of the Naxalite-Maoist insurgency
- Operation Steeplechase
- Walking with the Comrades
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Sethi, Aman (6 February 2013). "Green Hunt: the anatomy of an operation". The Hindu. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Incidents and Statements involving CPI-Maoist: 2013". New Delhi: SATP. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dahat, Pavan (12 June 2014). "Chhattisgarh gears for 'result-oriented' approach against Maoists". The Hindu. Raipur. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sharma, Aman (19 August 2014). "Government to send 2,000 para-military men of Naga unit to fight Maoists in Bastar". The Economic Times. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Krishna Das, R.; Makkar, Sahil; Basak, Probal; Satapathy, Dillip (27 September 2013). "Reds in retreat". Business Standard. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
- ↑ "Operation Greenhunt starts in Orissa". The Indian Express. 1 April 2010. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Air Force to lend support for anti-Naxal operations". The Hindu. The Hindu Group. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Swami, Praveen (13 March 2014). "CRPF, State police ignored pinpoint warning on ambush". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
India's super-secret National Technical Reconnaissance organisation, or NTRO, operates a fleet of 12 Israeli-made Searcher tactical drones for surveillance of the vast forest tracts on the Andhra Pradesh-Orissa-Chhattisgarh border, home to the largest Maoist formations in the country. The expensive investment in remotely piloted reconnaissance assets has not, however, led to success in detecting hundreds-strong Maoist units.
- ↑ Kumar, Kamal (August 2013). "Analysis: India's Maoist challenge". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
- ↑ "Datasheet-terrorist-attack-surrender".
- ↑ "Datasheet-terrorist-attack-surrender".
- ↑ "There is no 'Operation Green Hunt': Chidambaram". The Times of India. 7 April 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2010.
- ↑ "'Centre's Anti-Naxal Plan to be Implemented Soon'", Outlook, Mumbai: M/s Outlook Publishing (India) Private Limited, 9 October 2009, archived from the original on 18 July 2011, retrieved 11 March 2010
- ↑ Ali, Mazhar (2 November 2009). "First phase of Operation Green Hunt begins". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ↑ "Israel to help West Bengal tackle Maoists". Rediff. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
- ↑ "10 IAF choppers for rebel combat". The Telegraph. New Delhi: ABP Group. 29 December 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ↑ "CRPF will launch fresh operations against Naxals in Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand". Indo-Asian News Service. New Delhi: The New Indian Express. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ↑ Navlakha, Gautam (30 March 2014). "Ambush amplifies a struggle". Sanhati. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
- ↑ Mohan, Vishwa (8 May 2013). "Government to deploy 10,000 more personnel in four states to fight Maoists". The Times of India. New Delhi. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ↑ Thottam, Jyoti (27 June 2011). "Indian Army Raises the Stakes in Its War Against the Maoists". Time. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ↑ "South Asia Intelligence Review: Weekly Assessments & Briefings". Institute for Conflict Management. SATP. 25 July 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ↑ "Bihar Police using UAV Drones to track Maoists Movements". Indo-Asian News Service. Bihar Prabha. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
- ↑ Bhatnagar, Gaurav Vivek (7 February 2014). "DRDO's UAVs to track down Naxals". The Hindu. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
External links
- Chidambaram says no, but troops believe ‘Green Hunt' exists, The Hindu
- "Deep Intelligence" in Bastar: Mapping The Maoists From The Skies
- India For Selective Assassination Of It's [sic] Own Citizens?
- Security forces launch "Operation Abujhmad" in Chhattisgarh
- Staring at Defeat – Even the security forces know that every starving Indian is a potential Maoist insurgent, OPEN
- Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020
- Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021
- 2009 in India
- Aerial operations and battles involving India
- Communist Party of India (Maoist)
- Conflicts in 2009
- Conflicts in 2010
- Conflicts in 2011
- Conflicts in 2012
- Conflicts in 2013
- Conflicts in 2014
- Counterinsurgency
- Manmohan Singh administration
- Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
- Operations involving Indian special forces
- Anti-communist terrorism