Dhruva reactor: Difference between revisions
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The '''Dhruva reactor''' is [[India]]'s largest nuclear [[research reactor]]. It was the first nuclear reactor in Asia proper.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Office of Scientific Intelligence |author-link=Office of Scientific Intelligence |title=Indian Nuclear Energy Program |url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB187/IN01.pdf |website=[[National Security Archive]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |accessdate=7 June 2020 |date=26 March 1958}}</ref> Located in the [[Mumbai]] suburb of [[Trombay]] at the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] (BARC), it is India's primary generator of weapons-grade | The '''Dhruva reactor''' is [[India]]'s largest nuclear [[research reactor]]. It was the first nuclear reactor in Asia proper.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Office of Scientific Intelligence |author-link=Office of Scientific Intelligence |title=Indian Nuclear Energy Program |url=https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu//NSAEBB/NSAEBB187/IN01.pdf |website=[[National Security Archive]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |accessdate=7 June 2020 |date=26 March 1958}}</ref> Located in the [[Mumbai]] suburb of [[Trombay]] at the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] (BARC), it is India's primary generator of [[weapons-grade plutonium]]-bearing spent fuel for its [[nuclear weapon]]s program. Originally named the R-5, this [[open pool reactor]] first went [[Criticality (status)|critical]] on 8 August 1985 after 10 years of construction. However, the unit did not attain full power until 1988.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cns.miis.edu/research/india/nuclear.htm|title= Selected Indian Nuclear Facilities|author=Andrew Koch|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011215135620/http://cns.miis.edu/research/india/nuclear.htm|archive-date=15 December 2001|year=1999}}</ref> The reactor experienced at least one serious accident when {{convert|4|metric ton}} of [[heavy water]] overflowed from the reactor core in 1985 following vibration problems.<ref name="NTI">{{cite web|title=Dhruva Research Reactor|url=http://www.nti.org/learn/facilities/837/|website=Nuclear Threat Initiative|accessdate=21 May 2017}}</ref> | ||
Designed as a larger version of the [[CIRUS reactor]], Dhruva was an Indian designed project built to provide an independent source of weapons-grade plutonium free from safeguards.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Menon|first1=Amarnath K|title=Indian scientists achieve major landmark in atomic energy programme with Dhruva|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indian-scientists-achieve-major-landmark-in-atomic-energy-programme-with-dhruva/1/354434.html|accessdate=21 May 2017|work=India Today|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> The Dhruva project cost 950 million rupees. The reactor uses [[heavy water]] (deuterium) as a [[neutron moderator|moderator]] and coolant. Aluminum clad [[fuel rod]]s containing [[natural uranium]] are used to obtain a maximum power output of 100 [[megawatt]]s.<ref name="NTI"/> The reactor can produce {{convert|20|–|25|kg}} of [[weapons-grade plutonium]] per year.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Albright |first1=David |last2=Hibbs |first2=Mark |date=31 August 1992 |title=India's Silent Bomb |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAwAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA27 |magazine=[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]] }}</ref> | Designed as a larger version of the [[CIRUS reactor]], Dhruva was an Indian designed project built to provide an independent source of weapons-grade plutonium free from safeguards.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Menon|first1=Amarnath K|title=Indian scientists achieve major landmark in atomic energy programme with Dhruva|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/indian-scientists-achieve-major-landmark-in-atomic-energy-programme-with-dhruva/1/354434.html|accessdate=21 May 2017|work=India Today|date=3 January 2014}}</ref> The Dhruva project cost 950 million rupees. The reactor uses [[heavy water]] (deuterium) as a [[neutron moderator|moderator]] and coolant. Aluminum clad [[fuel rod]]s containing [[natural uranium]] are used to obtain a maximum thermal power output of 100 [[megawatt]]s.<ref name="NTI"/> The reactor can produce {{convert|20|–|25|kg}} of [[weapons-grade plutonium]] per year.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Albright |first1=David |last2=Hibbs |first2=Mark |date=31 August 1992 |title=India's Silent Bomb |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAwAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA27 |magazine=[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]] }}</ref> | ||
<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sidhu |first1=Waheguru Pal Singh |title=Enhancing Indo-US Strategic Cooperation |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon |isbn=978-1-136-04608-7 |page=22 |edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bRQHjOslWeIC&pg=PA22 |language=en}}</ref> | <ref>{{cite book |last1=Sidhu |first1=Waheguru Pal Singh |title=Enhancing Indo-US Strategic Cooperation |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon |isbn=978-1-136-04608-7 |page=22 |edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bRQHjOslWeIC&pg=PA22 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[N. S. Satya Murthy]] | * [[N. S. Satya Murthy]] | ||
* [[India and weapons of mass destruction]] | * [[India and weapons of mass destruction]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:21, 14 August 2023
The Dhruva reactor is India's largest nuclear research reactor. It was the first nuclear reactor in Asia proper.[1] Located in the Mumbai suburb of Trombay at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), it is India's primary generator of weapons-grade plutonium-bearing spent fuel for its nuclear weapons program. Originally named the R-5, this open pool reactor first went critical on 8 August 1985 after 10 years of construction. However, the unit did not attain full power until 1988.[2] The reactor experienced at least one serious accident when 4 metric tons (3.9 long tons) of heavy water overflowed from the reactor core in 1985 following vibration problems.[3]
Designed as a larger version of the CIRUS reactor, Dhruva was an Indian designed project built to provide an independent source of weapons-grade plutonium free from safeguards.[4] The Dhruva project cost 950 million rupees. The reactor uses heavy water (deuterium) as a moderator and coolant. Aluminum clad fuel rods containing natural uranium are used to obtain a maximum thermal power output of 100 megawatts.[3] The reactor can produce 20–25 kilograms (44–55 lb) of weapons-grade plutonium per year.[5][6]
Dhruva, in Indian mythology, is a prince blessed to eternal existence and glory as the Pole Star by Vishnu. It can also mean 'immovable' in Sanskrit.[7]
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ Office of Scientific Intelligence (26 March 1958). "Indian Nuclear Energy Program" (PDF). National Security Archive. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
- ↑ Andrew Koch (1999). "Selected Indian Nuclear Facilities". Archived from the original on 15 December 2001.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Dhruva Research Reactor". Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
- ↑ Menon, Amarnath K (3 January 2014). "Indian scientists achieve major landmark in atomic energy programme with Dhruva". India Today. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
- ↑ Albright, David; Hibbs, Mark (31 August 1992). "India's Silent Bomb". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
- ↑ Sidhu, Waheguru Pal Singh (2013). Enhancing Indo-US Strategic Cooperation (2nd ed.). Abingdon: Routledge. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-136-04608-7.
- ↑ Vinay, Dr (2006). Linga Purana. Diamond Pocket Books. p. 41. ISBN 9788128806797.
External linksEdit
- David Albright (7 May 2005). "India's Military Plutonium Inventory, End 2004" (PDF). ISIS.
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