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|musicians= {{bulleted list |[[Misri Khan Jamali]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eu8VAQAAMAAJ&dq=Misri+Khan+Jamali+radio+pakistan&q=Misri+Khan+Jamali+radio+pakistan|title=Misri Khan Jamali on Pakistan Quarterly via GoogleBooks page 264|date=1967|publisher=Pakistan Quarterly|language=en|access-date=9 June 2020}}</ref>|[[Khamiso Khan]]<ref name=Dawn1>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1225798 |title=Mystic Music Sufi Festival kicks off |date=12 December 2015|newspaper=Dawn (newspaper)|author=Shoaib Ahmed |access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref>|[[Allah Bachayo Khoso]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YcHAQAAMAAJ&q=Allah+Bachayo+Khoso&dq=Allah+Bachayo+Khoso|title=Rhythms of the lower Indus: perspectives on the music of Sindh|last=Yusuf|first=Zohra|date=1988|publisher=Dept. of Culture and Tourism, Govt. of Sindh|language=en}}</ref>|[[Akbar Khamiso Khan]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=An elegy to music|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/383387-an-elegy-to-music|access-date=2020-07-21|website=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=TheNews Weekly Magazine|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine|access-date=2020-07-21|website=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref>|[[Gurmeet Bawa]]<ref name="pt">{{cite news |last=Kaur |first=Simmypreet |date=2011-10-01 |title=ਲੰਮੀ ਹੇਕ ਦੀ ਮਲਿਕਾ ਗੁਰਮੀਤ ਬਾਵਾ |trans-title=The queen of the long vocal note |url=http://punjabitribuneonline.com/2011/10/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95-%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE-%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4-%E0%A8%AC/ |language=pa |newspaper=The Punjabi Tribune |access-date=2013-10-17}}</ref><ref name="pt2">{{cite news |last=Majari |first=Surjit |date=2010-12-25 |title=ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਗਾਇਕੀ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਭਾਲਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ |trans-title=Need to preserve traditional music. |url=http://punjabitribuneonline.com/2010/12/%e0%a8%b0%e0%a8%b5%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%87%e0%a8%a4%e0%a9%80-%e0%a8%97%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%87%e0%a8%95%e0%a9%80-%e0%a8%a8%e0%a9%82%e0%a9%b0-%e0%a8%b8%e0%a9%b0%e0%a8%ad%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%b2%e0%a8%a3-%e0%a8%a6/ |language=pa |newspaper=The Punjabi Tribune |access-date=2012-05-10}}</ref>}}
|musicians= {{bulleted list |[[Misri Khan Jamali]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eu8VAQAAMAAJ&dq=Misri+Khan+Jamali+radio+pakistan&q=Misri+Khan+Jamali+radio+pakistan|title=Misri Khan Jamali on Pakistan Quarterly via GoogleBooks page 264|date=1967|publisher=Pakistan Quarterly|language=en|access-date=9 June 2020}}</ref>|[[Khamiso Khan]]<ref name=Dawn1>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1225798 |title=Mystic Music Sufi Festival kicks off |date=12 December 2015|newspaper=Dawn (newspaper)|author=Shoaib Ahmed |access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref>|[[Allah Bachayo Khoso]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5YcHAQAAMAAJ&q=Allah+Bachayo+Khoso&dq=Allah+Bachayo+Khoso|title=Rhythms of the lower Indus: perspectives on the music of Sindh|last=Yusuf|first=Zohra|date=1988|publisher=Dept. of Culture and Tourism, Govt. of Sindh|language=en}}</ref>|[[Akbar Khamiso Khan]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=An elegy to music|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/383387-an-elegy-to-music|access-date=2020-07-21|website=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=TheNews Weekly Magazine|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/magazine|access-date=2020-07-21|website=www.thenews.com.pk|language=en}}</ref>|[[Gurmeet Bawa]]<ref name="pt">{{cite news |last=Kaur |first=Simmypreet |date=2011-10-01 |title=ਲੰਮੀ ਹੇਕ ਦੀ ਮਲਿਕਾ ਗੁਰਮੀਤ ਬਾਵਾ |trans-title=The queen of the long vocal note |url=http://punjabitribuneonline.com/2011/10/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95-%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE-%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4-%E0%A8%AC/ |language=pa |newspaper=The Punjabi Tribune |access-date=2013-10-17}}</ref><ref name="pt2">{{cite news |last=Majari |first=Surjit |date=2010-12-25 |title=ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਗਾਇਕੀ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਭਾਲਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ |trans-title=Need to preserve traditional music. |url=http://punjabitribuneonline.com/2010/12/%e0%a8%b0%e0%a8%b5%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%87%e0%a8%a4%e0%a9%80-%e0%a8%97%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%87%e0%a8%95%e0%a9%80-%e0%a8%a8%e0%a9%82%e0%a9%b0-%e0%a8%b8%e0%a9%b0%e0%a8%ad%e0%a8%be%e0%a8%b2%e0%a8%a3-%e0%a8%a6/ |language=pa |newspaper=The Punjabi Tribune |access-date=2012-05-10}}</ref>}}
}}
}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Ramnath Choudhary.jpg|thumb|Ramnath choudhary famous alghoza Player]] -->
'''Alghoza''' is a paired [[woodwind instrument]]. It is traditionally used by [[Baloch people|Baloch]], [[Saraiki people|Saraiki]], [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]], [[Kutchi people|Kutchi]], [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] and [[Rajasthani people|Rajasthani]] folk musicians.<ref name=Dawn /><ref name="Alghoza">{{cite web |url=http://www.amc.org.uk/asian-instrument/alghoza |title=Alghoza |publisher=Asian Music Circuit |access-date=7 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227080151/http://amc.org.uk/asian-instrument/alghoza |archive-date=27 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It consists of two joined [[Recorder (musical instrument)|beak flutes]], one for melody, the second for drone. The flutes are either tied together or may be held together loosely with the hands. A continuous flow of air is necessary as the player blows into the two flutes simultaneously.<ref>Pande, p. 70</ref> The quick recapturing of breath on each beat creates a bouncing, swinging rhythm. The wooden instrument initially comprised two flute pipes of the same length but over time, one of them was shortened for sound purposes. In the world of Alghoza playing, the two flute pipes are a couple — the longer one is the male and the shorter one the female instrument.  With the use of beeswax, the instrument can be scaled to any tune.<ref>{{cite news |last=Usman |first=Maryam |date=2013-08-26 |title=Instrumental Ecstasy concert: A retreat into the rhythms of Sindhi classical tunes |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/595230/instrumental-ecstasy-concert-a-retreat-into-the-rhythms-of-sindhi-classical-tunes/ |newspaper=The Express Tribune |access-date=2015-12-07}}</ref>
'''Alghoza''' is a paired [[woodwind instrument]]. It is traditionally used by [[Baloch people|Baloch]], [[Saraiki people|Saraiki]], [[Sindhi people|Sindhi]] and [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] folk musicians.<ref name=Dawn /> It is also used by Kutchi and Rajasthani people.<ref name="Alghoza">{{cite web |url=http://www.amc.org.uk/asian-instrument/alghoza |title=Alghoza |publisher=Asian Music Circuit |access-date=7 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227080151/http://amc.org.uk/asian-instrument/alghoza |archive-date=27 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It consists of two joined [[Recorder (musical instrument)|beak flutes]], one for melody, the second for drone. The flutes are either tied together or may be held together loosely with the hands. A continuous flow of air is necessary as the player blows into the two flutes simultaneously.<ref>Pande, p. 70</ref> The quick recapturing of breath on each beat creates a bouncing, swinging rhythm. The wooden instrument initially comprised two flute pipes of the same length but over time, one of them was shortened for sound purposes. In the world of Alghoza playing, the two flute pipes are a couple — the longer one is the male and the shorter one the female instrument.  With the use of beeswax, the instrument can be scaled to any tune.<ref>{{cite news |last=Usman |first=Maryam |date=2013-08-26 |title=Instrumental Ecstasy concert: A retreat into the rhythms of Sindhi classical tunes |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/595230/instrumental-ecstasy-concert-a-retreat-into-the-rhythms-of-sindhi-classical-tunes/ |newspaper=The Express Tribune |access-date=2015-12-07}}</ref>
 
[[File:Toonba and algoza.JPG|thumb|[[Tumbi|Toomba]] and Alghoza players in [[Punjab, India]]]]


== Origin ==
== Origin ==
[[File:Rajasthan Folk Music.jpg|thumb|Alghoza player in the [[Thar Desert]], [[Rajasthan, India]]]]
It originated at around 7500 BC in [[Mesopotamia]], it then reached [[Iran]] and eventually [[Pakistan]] with some modifications.<ref name="Dawn" /> Some Mesopotamian archaic paintings contain a musical instrument very similar to Alghoza.<ref name="Dawn" />
It originated at around 7500 BC in [[Mesopotamia]], it then reached [[Iran]] and eventually [[Pakistan]] with some modifications.<ref name="Dawn" /> Some Mesopotamian archaic paintings contain a musical instrument very similar to Alghoza.<ref name="Dawn" />


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Latest revision as of 02:39, 28 December 2021

Alghoza
Cultural Music.jpg
Pakistani musician playing Alghoza
Template:Infobox instrument/Classification
Other namesAlghoze, Jōrhi, Pāwā Jōrhī, Do Nālī, Donāl, Girāw, Satārā or Nagōze[1]
Classification Woodwind instrument
Hornbostel–Sachs classification421.112
Developedaround 7500 BC in Mesopotamia[2]
Musicians

Alghoza is a paired woodwind instrument. It is traditionally used by Baloch, Saraiki, Sindhi, Kutchi, Punjabi and Rajasthani folk musicians.[2][1] It consists of two joined beak flutes, one for melody, the second for drone. The flutes are either tied together or may be held together loosely with the hands. A continuous flow of air is necessary as the player blows into the two flutes simultaneously.[10] The quick recapturing of breath on each beat creates a bouncing, swinging rhythm. The wooden instrument initially comprised two flute pipes of the same length but over time, one of them was shortened for sound purposes. In the world of Alghoza playing, the two flute pipes are a couple — the longer one is the male and the shorter one the female instrument. With the use of beeswax, the instrument can be scaled to any tune.[11]

Toomba and Alghoza players in Punjab, India

Origin[edit]

Alghoza player in the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India

It originated at around 7500 BC in Mesopotamia, it then reached Iran and eventually Pakistan with some modifications.[2] Some Mesopotamian archaic paintings contain a musical instrument very similar to Alghoza.[2]

In Mesopotamia, this instrument was called "Al-Joza", which literally means, "The twin".[2] As it reached Pakistan, the "J" in "Al-Joza" became "gh" and eventually the modified form of this instrument which reached Pakistan came to be known as Alghoza.[2]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Alghoza". Asian Music Circuit. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Chandio, Faraz (September 2, 2018). "CULTURE: THE DYING BREATHS OF THE ALGHOZA". DAWN. Islamabad. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  3. ↑ Misri Khan Jamali on Pakistan Quarterly via GoogleBooks page 264. Pakistan Quarterly. 1967. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  4. ↑ Shoaib Ahmed (12 December 2015). "Mystic Music Sufi Festival kicks off". Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  5. ↑ Yusuf, Zohra (1988). Rhythms of the lower Indus: perspectives on the music of Sindh. Dept. of Culture and Tourism, Govt. of Sindh.
  6. ↑ "An elegy to music". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  7. ↑ "TheNews Weekly Magazine". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  8. ↑ Kaur, Simmypreet (2011-10-01). "ਲੰਮੀ ਹੇਕ ਦੀ ਮਲਿਕਾ ਗੁਰਮੀਤ ਬਾਵਾ" [The queen of the long vocal note]. The Punjabi Tribune (in ਪੰਜਾਬੀ). Retrieved 2013-10-17.
  9. ↑ Majari, Surjit (2010-12-25). "ਰਵਾਇਤੀ ਗਾਇਕੀ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਭਾਲਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ" [Need to preserve traditional music.]. The Punjabi Tribune (in ਪੰਜਾਬੀ). Retrieved 2012-05-10.
  10. ↑ Pande, p. 70
  11. ↑ Usman, Maryam (2013-08-26). "Instrumental Ecstasy concert: A retreat into the rhythms of Sindhi classical tunes". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 2015-12-07.
Books


Template:Recorder-stub

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