Manik Bandopadhyay: Difference between revisions

Manik Bandyopadhyay
Manik Bandyopadhyay
Born	Prabodhkumar Bandyopadhyay; 19 May 1908; Dumka, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died	3 December 1956 (aged 48); Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Occupation	Writer
Spouse(s)	Kamala Bandyopadhyay
Children	Shipra Chakraborty Banerjee

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Latest revision as of 04:16, 24 April 2026

Manik Bandyopadhyay [alias Banerjee] (Manik Bandyopadhyay (help·info); 19 May 1908^[1] – 3 December 1956) is an Indian author regarded as one of the major figures of 20th century Bengali literature. During a lifespan of 48 years and 28 years of literary career, battling with epilepsy from the age of around 28 and financial strains all along, he produced some masterpieces of novels and short stories, besides some poems, essays etc. One of the early neo-realist film shot in Pakistan, The Day Shall Dawn is based on his story.^[2]

Early life[edit | edit source]

Manik was born on 19 May 1908 in Dumka, a small town of Santhal Parganas district in the state of the then Bihar (now under Jharkhand) in British India in a Bengali Brahmin family of Harihar Bandyopadhyay and Niroda Devi. He was named Prabodh Kumar, but was known mostly by his nickname Manik. Parents had fourteen children (ultimately ten survived) and Manik was fourth of the six sons with all four elder sisters. Family had its ancestral home in Malapadiya village of Bikrampur in Dacca district (present day Bangladesh).^[3] His father, who joined in government service as surveyor and finally retired as sub-deputy collector, had to work in different parts of undivided Bengal like Calcutta, Midnapore, Barasat, Dacca, Dumka, Cumilla, Brahmanbaria, Mymensingh, Tangail and in some parts of Orissa and Bihar. This gave Manik an opportunity to experience the misery and sorrows of the rural and urban people as growing up, which was reflected sympathetically in his works throughout. Romantic in nature, Manik could sing well and play flutes from early in his life almost till death. They had a total of 14 siblings, Manik was the fifth child among them.

Literary life[edit | edit source]

Manik was much inclined to literature and had read some Bengali masterpieces at an early age. While in Class VII in Bindubasini School at Tangail, the Bengali teacher would be pleased with Manik's way of writing essays and would often advise classmates to follow him. Manik wrote poetry at the age of sixteen. A brilliant student, Manik studied in the prestigious Presidency College in Calcutta (now Kolkata) with Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) Honors course in mathematics. One day, some classmates argued that leading periodicals publish stories only of eminent authors. Manik differed and took the challenge with a bet and replied that his first story would be good enough for the purpose. He wrote his first story "Atasimami" (Aunt Atasi), a romantic love story based on his early life experience of an older couple, a clarionet player and his wife, and went straight to the office of the then renowned monthly Bichitra. Manik handed over the story to the deputy editor present there without even asking when to come next to know the fate of the story. After anxiously waiting for around four months, one fine morning, the famous writer and editor of the monthly himself came to his home with a copy of Poush 1335 issue (Dec-Jan 1928–29) and honorarium and requested for another story. "Atasimami" created sensation in the literary circle of Bengal and Manik became casual in his studies and could not succeed twice in B.Sc. final terms and devoted himself wholeheartedly to literature.^[4]

Never a well-off person, Manik had to struggle throughout his life to maintain his family along with wife Kamala Bandyopadhyay.

Social and political views[edit | edit source]

Manik Bandyopadhyay carefully read Freud, Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and socialist philosophers and participated in cultural activities and mass movements of the toiling people. He finally joined the Communist Party of India in 1944 and remained a member until his death.

Works[edit | edit source]

In 28 years of literary career, he wrote 38 novels, 306 short stories (includes 32 juvenile stories), one book of drama, one book of poems and one book of essays on literature.

Manik wrote his first novel Dibaratrir Kavya (Poetry of the Day and Night) at the age of 21. His notable novels include first published one, Janani (Mother), 1935, Dibaratrir Kavya, 1935, Putul Nacher Itikatha (The Puppets' Tale), 1936, Padma Nadir Majhi (Boatman of the River Padma), 1936, Shahartoli (Suburbia in 2 vols.), 1940, 1941, Chatushkone (Quadrangle), 1942, Chinha (Signs), 1947, and Halud Nadi Sabuj Bon (Yellow River Green Forest), 1956.

Manik had 16 books of short stories published during his lifetime. Some of his famous stories include: "Sailaja Shila" ("Rocky Rocks"), "Pragoitihasik" ("Primeval"), "Sarishrip" ("Reptiles"), "Atmahatyar Adhikar" ("Right to Suicide"), "Haludpora" ("Burnt Turmeric"), "Namuna" ("A Sample"), "Aaj Kal Porshur Galpo" ("Today, Tomorrow and Day After"), "Shilpi" ("Craftsman"), "Haraner Natjamai" ("Haran's Grandson-in-Law"), "Chhotobokulpurer Jatri" ("Travelers to Chhotobokulpur"), "Upay" ("The Way-out").

His two other works (edited) are Manik Bandyopadhyayer Kavita (Poems of Manik Bandyopadhyay), 1970, edited by Jugantar Chakravarty, and Samagra Prabandha Ebong (Complete Essays), 2015, edited by Subhamoy Mandal and Sukanta Bandyopadhyay.

Adaptations[edit | edit source]

Drama

vitamati(1946)

Movies[edit | edit source]

The Day Shall Dawn 1959, Pakistani movie shot in East Pakistan
Dibratrir Kabya 1970, Indian film
Calcutta 71 (1972)
Choto Bakulpurer Jatri (1987)^[5]
Jake Ghoosh Dite Hoy
Padma Nadir Majhi (1992)
Shilpi (1994)
Mayar Jonjal (2023)
Putul Nacher Itikatha (2025)

Translations[edit | edit source]

Manik Bandyopadhyay (Banerjee) 's works have been translated into Indian, English, and other languages abroad. His novel Padma Nadir Majhi (Boatman of The Padma) has been translated into 7/8 Indian languages, thrice in English and in Swedish, Czech, Hungarian, Chinese, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Dutch, German, French, and latest into Italian in 2014. Other distinctive novel Putul Nacher Itikatha (The Puppets' Tale) has translations into 11/12 Indian languages and in English, Czech and in Hungarian language. The novel Chinnha (Signs) is translated into Assamese (Indian, 2006), English (2021), and into Czech language (1956). Another novel Darpan (Mirror) was translated into Hindi in 1986. Besides, two other novels have also been translated into two Indian languages, English and into Czech language.^{[citation needed]}

Following are the five books of translation of Manik Bandyopadhyay's stories:

Primeval And Other Stories, People's Publishing House, New Delhi, 1958. 11 stories by 9 translators – edited by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya with an introduction by Atulchandra Gupta.
Selected Stories: Manik Bandyopadhyay, THEMA, Kolkata, 1988. 16 stories by 13 translators, Introduced and edited by Malini Bhattacharya with a translation.
Wives & Others, Penguin Books India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1994. 24 stories and a novel (Amritasya Putra) – translated with elaborate introduction by Kalpana Bardhan.
Opium A Jiné Povídky (Opium & Other Short Stories) [in Czech language], Svobodné Slovo – Melantrich, Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1956. 16 stories with a novel Chinha (Signs) – translated by Ajit Majumder.
Selected Short Stories, Shan Shi Peoples' Publishing House, Taiyuan, China, 1984. 14 stories translated by Mrs. Srieve Chen.

Nearly 70 short stories of Manik Bandyopadhyay are known to have been translated into Indian and international languages.

References[edit | edit source]

↑ Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: Mahi-Mewat. Cosmo Publications. p. 4605. ISBN 978-81-7755-272-0.
↑ "The India-Pakistan masterpiece that fell through the cracks". BBC News. 4 June 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
↑ "Manik Bandopadhyay's death anniversary today". New Age. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
↑ Mortuza, Shamsad (21 May 2018). "Manik Bandopadhyay: A Hunger Artist". The Daily Star. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
↑ "Bilingual E-archive Digital Platform for Bengal's Cinema". Bengal Film Archive. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

External links[edit | edit source]

[Kapoor2002-1] Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: Mahi-Mewat. Cosmo Publications. p. 4605. ISBN 978-81-7755-272-0.

[2] "The India-Pakistan masterpiece that fell through the cracks". BBC News. 4 June 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2023.

[3] "Manik Bandopadhyay's death anniversary today". New Age. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

[4] Mortuza, Shamsad (21 May 2018). "Manik Bandopadhyay: A Hunger Artist". The Daily Star. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

[5] "Bilingual E-archive Digital Platform for Bengal's Cinema". Bengal Film Archive. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

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@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 {{Use British English|date=July 2012}}
 {{Infobox person
-| name               = Manik Bandopadhyay
+| name               = Manik Bandyopadhyay
-| birth_name         = Prabodh Kumar Bandhopaddhay
+| birth_name         = Prabodhkumar Bandyopadhyay
 | birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=yes|1908|05|19}}
 | image              = Manik Bandopadhyay.jpg
-| birth_place        = [[Dumka]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
+| birth_place        = [[Dumka]], [[Bengal Presidency]], British India
 | death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1956|12|03|1908|05|19}}
-| death_place        = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India
+| death_place        = [[Kolkata]], West Bengal, India
-| nationality        = Indian
 | occupation         = Writer
-| spouse             = Kamala Devi
+| spouse             = Kamala Bandyopadhyay
+| children           = Shipra Chakraborty Banerjee
 }}
-'''Manik Bandopadhyay''' ({{audio|manik.ogg|''Manik Bandopadhyay''}}; 19 May 1908<ref name="Kapoor2002">{{cite book|author=Subodh Kapoor|title=The Indian Encyclopaedia: Mahi-Mewat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mc6C5dVHbGAC&pg=PA4605|date=2002|publisher=Cosmo Publications|isbn=978-81-7755-272-0|page=4605}}</ref> – 3 December 1956) was an Indian writer and novelist, regarded as one of the major figures of 20th century [[Bengali language|Bengali]] literature.<ref>{{cite book|editor-first=Kalpana|editor-last=Bardhan|title=Of Women, Outcastes, Peasants, and Rebels: A Selection of Bengali Short Stories|url=https://www.questia.com/read/125229824/of-women-outcastes-peasants-and-rebels-a-selection|location=Berkeley, CA|publisher=University of California Press|year=1990|page=19|url-access=|via=|isbn= }}{{dl|date=July 2021}}{{ISBN?}} </ref> During a lifespan of 48 years, battling with illness and financial crisis, he produced 36 novels and nearly 250 short stories. His notable works include ''Padma Nadir Majhi''<ref name="LalKumar2007">{{cite book|author1=Malashri Lal|author-link=Malashri Lal|author2=Sukrita Paul Kumar|author2-link=Sukrita Paul Kumar|title=Interpreting Homes in South Asian Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzMuRMNFDgYC&pg=PA254|date=2007|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-0637-4|page=254}}</ref> (The Boatman on The River Padma, 1936) and ''Putul Nacher Itikatha'' (The Puppet's Tale, 1936), ''Shahartali'' (Suburbia, 1941) and ''Chatushkone'' (The Quadrilateral, 1948).<ref>{{cite book|title="Manik Bandopadhyay: A Centenary Tribute" in the Indian Literature|author=Nirmal Kanti Bhattacharjee|year= 2008}}</ref>
+'''Manik Bandyopadhyay''' [alias Banerjee] ({{audio|manik.ogg|''Manik Bandyopadhyay''}}; 19 May 1908<ref name="Kapoor2002">{{cite book|author=Subodh Kapoor|title=The Indian Encyclopaedia: Mahi-Mewat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mc6C5dVHbGAC&pg=PA4605|date=2002|publisher=Cosmo Publications|isbn=978-81-7755-272-0|page=4605}}</ref> – 3 December 1956) is an Indian author regarded as one of the major figures of 20th century [[Bengali literature]]. During a lifespan of 48 years and 28 years of literary career, battling with epilepsy from the age of around 28 and financial strains all along, he produced some masterpieces of novels and short stories, besides some poems, essays etc. One of the early neo-realist film shot in Pakistan, ''[[The Day Shall Dawn]]'' is based on his story.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-06-04 |title=The India-Pakistan masterpiece that fell through the cracks |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-36417007 |access-date=2023-02-05}}</ref>
 == Early life ==
-Bandopadhyay was born on 19 May 1908 in [[Dumka]], a small town in [[Santal Parganas]] district in the state of [[Bihar]] in [[British India]] in a Bengali [[Kulin Brahmin]] family. His real name was Prabodh Kumar Bandhopaddhay. Owing to his dark complexion, he was known to his family members as ''Kala Manik'' (black diamond), or simply Manik.<ref name=hunger/> His ancestral home was in Malapadiya village of [[Bikrampur]], in Dhaka district (present-day [[Bangladesh]]) His father Sri Harihar Bandopadhyay was a sub-register (magistrate) officer who had been working in different parts of the then Bengal like Calcutta, Bihar, Tangail, Brammanbaria etc. due to government rules.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bandyopadhyay, Manik - Banglapedia |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bandyopadhyay,_Manik |website=en.banglapedia.org |publisher=Banglapedia}}</ref> He was the fifth of the fourteen children of his parents, Harihar Bandopadhyay and Niroda Devi.<ref name=hunger/> Harihar was a sub-registrar who was posted in different parts of [[Bengal]].<ref name=hunger/> This gave Manik to experience life and living of people in different parts of Bengal in his early life.<ref name=Kapoor2002 />
+Manik was born on 19 May 1908 in [[Dumka]], a small town of [[Santhal Pargana district|Santhal Parganas district]] in the state of the then Bihar (now under [[Jharkhand]]) in British India in a Bengali Brahmin family of Harihar Bandyopadhyay and Niroda Devi. He was named Prabodh Kumar, but was known mostly by his nickname Manik. Parents had fourteen children (ultimately ten survived) and Manik was fourth of the six sons with all four elder sisters. Family had its ancestral home in Malapadiya village of Bikrampur in [[Dhaka District|Dacca]] district (present day Bangladesh).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Manik Bandopadhyay's death anniversary today |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/219251/manik-bandopadhyays-death-anniversary-today |access-date=2023-12-15 |work=New Age |language=en}}</ref> His father, who joined in government service as surveyor and finally retired as sub-deputy collector, had to work in different parts of undivided Bengal like Calcutta, Midnapore, Barasat, Dacca, Dumka, Cumilla, Brahmanbaria, Mymensingh, Tangail and in some parts of Orissa and Bihar. This gave Manik an opportunity to experience the misery and sorrows of the rural and urban people as growing up, which was reflected sympathetically in his works throughout. Romantic in nature, Manik could sing well and play flutes from early in his life almost till death. They had a total of 14 siblings, Manik was the fifth child among them.
 ==Literary life==
-Once while he was with his friends in their college canteen, one of them asked him if he could publish a story in the magazine ''Bichitra''. The would-be novelist replied that his first story would be good enough for the purpose. At that time, ''Bichitra'' was a leading periodical which carried stories only by eminent authors. Manik walked into the office of the periodical and dropped the story ''Atashi Mami (Aunt Atashi)'' in their letter box.<ref name=hunger/> At the end of the story he signed off as ''Manik Bandhopadhay''. After four months, publication of the story (in 1928) created sensation in the literary circles of Bengal and, from then on, the [[pen name]] stuck.
+Manik was much inclined to literature and had read some Bengali masterpieces at an early age. While in Class VII in Bindubasini School at Tangail, the Bengali teacher would be pleased with Manik's way of writing essays and would often advise classmates to follow him. Manik wrote poetry at the age of sixteen. A brilliant student, Manik studied in the prestigious [[Presidency University, Kolkata|Presidency College]] in Calcutta (now Kolkata) with Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) Honors course in mathematics. One day, some classmates argued that leading periodicals publish stories only of eminent authors. Manik differed and took the challenge with a bet and replied that his first story would be good enough for the purpose. He wrote his first story "Atasimami" (Aunt Atasi), a romantic love story based on his early life experience of an older couple, a clarionet player and his wife, and went straight to the office of the then renowned monthly ''Bichitra''. Manik handed over the story to the deputy editor present there without even asking when to come next to know the fate of the story. After anxiously waiting for around four months, one fine morning, the famous writer and editor of the monthly himself came to his home with a copy of ''Poush'' 1335 issue (Dec-Jan 1928–29) and honorarium and requested for another story. "Atasimami" created sensation in the literary circle of Bengal and Manik became casual in his studies and could not succeed twice in B.Sc. final terms and devoted himself wholeheartedly to literature.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mortuza |first=Shamsad |date=2018-05-21 |title=Manik Bandopadhyay: A Hunger Artist |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/in-focus/hunger-artist-1579245 |access-date=2023-12-15 |work=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref>
+Never a well-off person, Manik had to struggle throughout his life to maintain his family along with wife Kamala Bandyopadhyay.
 ==Social and political views==
-Manik carefully read [[Marx]] and [[Engels]] and became a [[Marxist]]. He became an active politician of Marxism by joining the [[Communist Party of India]] in 1944.<ref name=hunger>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/in-focus/hunger-artist-1579245|title=A Hunger Artist|date=2018-05-21|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-05-21|language=en|author=Shamsad Mortuza}}</ref>
+Manik Bandyopadhyay carefully read Freud, Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and socialist philosophers and participated in cultural activities and mass movements of the toiling people. He finally joined the Communist Party of India in 1944 and remained a member until his death.
 ==Works==
-{{Main|List of works by Manik Bandyopadhyay}}
+{{See also|List of works by Manik Bandyopadhyay}}
+In 28 years of literary career, he wrote 38 novels, 306 short stories (includes 32 juvenile stories), one book of drama, one book of poems and one book of essays on literature.
+Manik wrote his first novel ''Dibaratrir Kavya'' (''Poetry of the Day and Night'') at the age of 21. His notable novels include first published one, ''Janani'' (''Mother''), 1935, ''Dibaratrir Kavya'', 1935, ''[[Putul Nacher Itikatha (Novel)|Putul Nacher Itikatha]]'' (''The Puppets' Tale''), 1936, ''Padma Nadir Majhi'' (''Boatman of the River Padma''), 1936, ''Shahartoli'' (''Suburbia'' in 2 vols.), 1940, 1941, ''Chatushkone'' (''Quadrangle''), 1942, ''Chinha'' (''Signs''), 1947, and ''Halud Nadi Sabuj Bon'' (''Yellow River Green Forest''), 1956.
+Manik had 16 books of short stories published during his lifetime. Some of his famous stories include: "Sailaja Shila" ("Rocky Rocks"), "Pragoitihasik" ("Primeval"), "Sarishrip" ("Reptiles"), "Atmahatyar Adhikar" ("Right to Suicide"), "Haludpora" ("Burnt Turmeric"), "Namuna" ("A Sample"), "Aaj Kal Porshur Galpo" ("Today, Tomorrow and Day After"), "Shilpi" ("Craftsman"), "Haraner Natjamai" ("Haran's Grandson-in-Law"), "Chhotobokulpurer Jatri" ("Travelers to Chhotobokulpur"), "Upay" ("The Way-out").
+His two other works (edited) are ''Manik Bandyopadhyayer Kavita'' (''Poems of Manik Bandyopadhyay''), 1970, edited by Jugantar Chakravarty, and ''Samagra Prabandha Ebong'' (''Complete Essays''), 2015, edited by Subhamoy Mandal and Sukanta Bandyopadhyay.
+=== Adaptations ===
+'''Drama'''
+* vitamati(1946)
+==== Movies ====
+* ''[[The Day Shall Dawn]]'' 1959, Pakistani movie shot in East Pakistan
+* ''[[Dibratrir Kabya]]'' 1970, Indian film
+* ''[[Calcutta 71]]'' (1972)
+* ''Choto Bakulpurer Jatri'' (1987)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilingual E-archive Digital Platform for Bengal's Cinema |url=https://www.bengalfilmarchive.com/ |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Bengal Film Archive}}</ref>
+* ''Jake Ghoosh Dite Hoy''
+* ''[[Padma Nadir Majhi]]'' (1992)
+* ''[[Shilpi]]'' (1994)
+* ''[[Mayar Jonjal]]'' (2023)
+* ''[[Putul Nacher Itikatha]]'' (2025)
+=== Translations ===
+Manik Bandyopadhyay (Banerjee) 's works have been translated into Indian, English, and other languages abroad. His novel ''Padma Nadir Majhi'' (''Boatman of The Padma'') has been translated into 7/8 Indian languages, thrice in English and in Swedish, Czech, Hungarian, Chinese, Bulgarian, Russian, Slovak, Dutch, German, French, and latest into Italian in 2014. Other distinctive novel ''Putul Nacher Itikatha'' (''The Puppets' Tale'') has translations into 11/12 Indian languages and in English, Czech and in Hungarian language. The novel ''Chinnha'' (''Signs'') is translated into Assamese (Indian, 2006), English (2021), and into Czech language (1956). Another novel ''Darpan'' (''Mirror'') was translated into Hindi in 1986. Besides, two other novels have also been translated into two Indian languages, English and into Czech language.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}
+Following are the five books of translation of Manik Bandyopadhyay's stories:
+* ''Primeval And Other Stories'', People's Publishing House, New Delhi, 1958. 11 stories by 9 translators – edited by [[Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya]] with an introduction by Atulchandra Gupta.
+* ''Selected Stories: Manik Bandyopadhyay'', THEMA, Kolkata, 1988. 16 stories by 13 translators, Introduced and edited by [[Malini Bhattacharya]] with a translation.
+* ''Wives & Others'', Penguin Books India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1994. 24 stories and a novel (''Amritasya Putra'') – translated with elaborate introduction by Kalpana Bardhan.
+* ''Opium A Jiné Povídky'' (''Opium & Other Short Stories'') [in Czech language], Svobodné Slovo – [[Melantrich]], [[Prague]], [[Czechoslovakia]], 1956. 16 stories with a novel ''Chinha'' (''Signs'') – translated by Ajit Majumder.
+* ''Selected Short Stories'', Shan Shi Peoples' Publishing House, [[Taiyuan]], China, 1984. 14 stories translated by Mrs. Srieve Chen.
+Nearly 70 short stories of Manik Bandyopadhyay are known to have been translated into Indian and international languages.
+==See also==
+* [[Syed Mustafa Siraj]]
 == References ==
@@ Line 33: / Line 75: @@
 ==Further reading==
-* Jugantor Chakrabarty (editor), ''Oprokashito Manik Bandopadhyay'', 1976.
+* Saroj Mohan Mitra, Manik Bandyopadhyayer Jibon-o-Sahitya, 1970
-* Saroj Dutta, ''Ouponnasik Manik Bandopadhyay'', 1993
+* Jugantar Chakravary (editor), Aprokashito Manik Bandyopadhyay: Diary o Chithipatra, 1976
-* Nitai Basu, ''Manik Bandopadhyay'er Somaj Jijnasa'', 1978.
+* Nitai Basu, Manik Bandyopadhyay'er Samaj Jijnasa, 1978
+* Subhamay Mandal & Sukanta Bandyopadhyay (jt. editor), Samagra Prabandha Ebong, 2015
+* Malini Bhattacharya, Manik Bandyopadhyay: Ekti Jiboni, 2021 (Biography).
 ==External links==
-{{Commons category|Manik Bandopadhyay}}
+{{Commons category}}
 * {{Internet Archive author}}
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110628234326/http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/literature/manik-bandopadhyay.html Article on Manik Badopadhyay]
@@ Line 47: / Line 91: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Bandopadhyay, Manik}}
+[[Category:Manik Bandyopadhyay| ]]
 [[Category:1908 births]]
 [[Category:1956 deaths]]
+[[Category:20th-century Bengali people]]
+[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
+[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
+[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
+[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
+[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]
+[[Category:Bengali-language novelists]]
+[[Category:Indian male essayists]]
+[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
+[[Category:Indian male poets]]
+[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]
+[[Category:20th-century Indian memoirists]]
+[[Category:Indian novelists]]
+[[Category:Marxist writers]]
+[[Category:Novelists from Jharkhand]]
+[[Category:Novelists from West Bengal]]
 [[Category:People from Dumka district]]
 [[Category:Presidency University, Kolkata alumni]]
-[[Category:Bengali writers]]
-[[Category:Bengali novelists]]
-[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
-[[Category:Bengali-language literature]]
-[[Category:Marxist writers]]
 [[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
-[[Category:Manik Bandyopadhyay]]
+[[Category:Writers from Dhaka]]
-[[Category:Novelists from Jharkhand]]
+[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
-[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
-[[Category:People from Dhaka]]

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