Mufti Mahmud: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Pakistani politician}}
#REDIRECT [[Mufti Mehmood]]
{{Use Pakistani English|date=April 2019}}
 
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Redirect category shell|
{{Infobox officeholder
{{R from alternative spelling}}
| name = Mehmood
{{R from move}}
| honorific-prefix = [[Mufti]]
| office = Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
| image =
| image_size =
| order = 8th
| term_start = 1 March 1972
| term_end = 15 February 1973
| predecessor = [[Sardar Bahadur Khan]]
| successor = [[Inayatullah Khan Gandapur]]
| governor = [[Arbab Sikandar Khan]]<br />[[Aslam Khattak]]
|alma_mater = [[Madrasa Shahi, Moradabad]]
| office1 = [[Emir|Ameer]] of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]
| term_start1 = 1968
| term_end1 = 1980
| predecessor1 = [[Abdullah Darkhawasti|Maulana Abdullah Darkhawasti]]
| president1 =
| primeminister1 =
| successor1 = *[[Fazal-ur-Rehman (politician)|Fazal-ur-Rehman]] ({{small|as President of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)]]}})
*[[Sami-ul-Haq]] ({{small|as Ameer of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S)]]}})
| constituency =
| office2              = President of [[Wafaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan]]
| term_start2        = 15 May 1978
| term_end2          = 14 October 1980
| predecessor2 = [[Muhammad Yousuf Banuri]]
| successor2 = Muhammad Idrees Mirti
| office4 = Member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]]
| termstart4 = 26 March 1977
| termend4 = 5 July 1977
| constituency4 = NA-18 (D.I.
Khan)
| termstart5 = 14 April 1972
| termend5 = 10 January 1977
| constituency5 = NW-13 (D.I.
Khan)
| termstart6 = 8 June 1962
| termend6 = 7 June 1965
| constituency6 = NW-6 (D.I.
Khan-I)
| nationality = [[British Raj|British Indian]] (1919-1947)<br /> [[Pakistani]] (1947-1980)
| party = [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]
| otherparty =
| birth_date = January 1919
| birth_place = [[Kulachi]], [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|NWFP]], [[British Raj|India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1980|10|14|1919|1}}
| death_place = [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], [[Pakistan]]
| occupation = Politician<br />Scholar<br />Teacher
| children = [[Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman]]<br />[[Maulana Lutf ur Rehman]]<br />[[Atta-ur-Rehman]]
}}
}}
{{Deobandi}}
'''Mufti Mehmood''' (1919 &ndash; 1980) was a Pakistani politician and Islamic scholar who was one of the founding members of the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] (JUI).<ref name=storyofpakistan>[http://storyofpakistan.com/mufti-mehmood#prettyPhoto Profile of Mufti Mahmud on storyofpakistan.com website] Updated 5 January 2009, Retrieved 9 April 2019</ref>
==Early life and career==
Born in January 1919, he was an ethnic [[Marwat (Pashtun tribe)|Marwat]] [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]] from Abdul Khel, [[Dera Ismail Khan District]], [[colonial India]] (now Pakistan). He received his religious education at [[Madrasa Shahi, Moradabad]], [[United Provinces (1937–50)|UP]]<ref name="baseerat">{{cite web |author1=Maulana Muhammad Jahan Yaqub |title=شیخ الحدیث مفتی محمودؒ…ایک عہد ساز شخصیت |url=https://www.baseeratonline.com/75070 |website=Baseerat Online |accessdate=7 June 2019}}</ref> and graduated from the [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref name="history2">{{cite book |author1=Syed Mehboob Rizwi |author-link=Syed Mehboob Rizwi |translator=Prof. Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi |title=History of The Dar al-Ulum Deoband (Volume 2) |page = 124 |publisher=Idara-e-Ehtemam, [[Darul Uloom Deoband|Dar al-Ulum Deoband]] |url=https://archive.org/download/2VolumeBookOnTheHistoryOfDarAlUlumDeoband/HistoryOfTheDarulUloomDeoband-VolumeTwo1981.pdf |accessdate=7 June 2019 |language=English}}</ref> In 1941, he worked as a teacher in [[Isakhel]], [[Mianwali]].<ref name=storyofpakistan/>
At the time of the [[Indian independence movement]], Mufti Mahmud [[opposition to the partition of India|opposed the partition of colonial India]].<ref name="Pirzada2000">{{cite book |last1=Pirzada |first1=Sayyid A. S. |last2=Pirzada |first2=Syed Sharifuddin |title=The Politics of the Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam Pakistan: 1971-1977 |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-579302-4 |page=115 |language=English |quote=Mufti Mahmud, in his speech on the occasion, pointed out that "the JUIP was against a division of the country". He said that since the party had opposed the partition of India (linking with the stance of ...}}</ref><ref name="Raza2020">{{cite web |last1=Raza |first1=Atrooba |title=20 Muslim Leaders who opposed Pakistan Movement & Quaid-e-Azam |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w1ver5Tbg-U&  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/w1ver5Tbg-U |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|publisher=Election Box |accessdate=9 June 2020 |language=Urdu |date=21 March 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref>In 1971 Mufti Mahmood uttered that famous sentence<blockquote>Thank God we were not part of the sin of making Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maulana Fazlur Rahman|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/483189/dont-trust-maulana-fazlur-rahman/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Disarming the Past|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/tns/detail/563291-disarming-past|url-status=live}}</ref></blockquote>
==In Pakistan==
He worked as a teacher in Madrassa Qasim-ul-Uloom in [[Multan]], Punjab in 1950. Later in his career, he held positions of ''Chief Mudarras'' in charge of Education, ''Chief Mufti'', ''Sheikh-ul-Hadith'' and ''Muhtamim''. He issued at least 25,000 [[Fatwa]]s in his lifetime.<ref name=storyofpakistan/> Mufti Mahmud was a critic of family planning programme of [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]]'s government. He participated in the elections for the National Assembly for the first time under Ayub Khan's 'Basic Democracy Program' and defeated all his opponents in 1962.<ref name=storyofpakistan /> He also opposed the '[[One Unit|One Unit Scheme]]'.On 8 January 1968, in [[Dacca]], then in [[East Pakistan]], Mufti Mahmud was one of the key leaders of ''Jamhoori Majlis-e-Amal'' that opposed Ayub Khan's regime. In the 1970 General Elections, Mufti Mahmud had a landslide victory against Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in the [[Dera Ismail Khan]] constituency.<ref name="storyofpakistan" />
After the 1970 General Elections in Pakistan, he became the president of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] founded by [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani|Maulana Shabir Ahmed Usmani]]. His party went into a coalition with the [[National Awami Party]] & [[Pakistan Peoples Party]] for the [[1970 Pakistani general election]]. In the 1970s, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam received significant funding from [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name=Halverson-118>{{cite book|last=Halverson|first=Jeffry R.|title=Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism |url=https://archive.org/details/theologycreedsun00halv|url-access=limited|date=2010 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9781137473578|page=[https://archive.org/details/theologycreedsun00halv/page/n126 118]|quote=By the 1970s, the JUI, under the leadership of Mawlana Mufti Mahmud (d. 1980) was a chief recipient of the aforementioned [[Wahhabite]]-[[Athari]] support from the Gulf monarchies, chiefly [[Saudi Arabia]].}}</ref>
On 1 March 1972, he was elected as the [[Chief Minister]] of the province of [[Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]] during the [[Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto]] regime in Pakistan. He, along with his cabinet, resigned in protest at the dismissal of the NAP–JUI (F) coalition government in [[Balochistan (Pakistan)|Balochistan]] on 14 February 1973.<ref name=storyofpakistan/>
During his tenure as Chief Minister, he introduced many reforms, such as forbidding the use of alcohol, announcing Urdu as the official language in Government offices, ban on interest in financial transactions and declared Friday as the official holiday in his province.<ref name="storyofpakistan" />
Mufti Mahmud played a vital role in Tehreek-e-Khatme Nabuwwat, a religious movement which has highlighted the beliefs of the followers of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Pakistan, in 1953 and again in 1974. He led a team of Islamic scholars which worked for the [[Ordinance XX|declaration of Ahmadis as non-Muslims in 1974.]]
He supported Afghan-Jihad against [[USSR]] in 1979 (see also [[Soviet–Afghan War]]).
==Death and legacy==
He died on 14 October 1980 in [[Karachi, Sindh]] at the age of 61. He was buried in his hometown Abdul Khel, Paniala, [[Dera Ismail Khan District]]. His son [[Fazal-ur-Rehman (politician)|Fazal-ur-Rehman]] is a politician who leads the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] (JUI) party in Pakistan.<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/792378/in-defence-of-taliban-fazls-remarks-spark-furore-in-afghanistan/ In defence of Taliban: Fazl's remarks spark furore in Afghanistan] The Express Tribune (newspaper) Published 17 November 2014, Retrieved 9 April 2019</ref>
==Literary works==
*''Tafsīr-i Maḥmūd'', translation of and commentary on the [[Qur'an]], in 3 volumes
*''Fatāvʹa Muftī Maḥmūd'', his [[fatwas]], in 11 volumes
*''Az̲ān-i saḥar: Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd ke inṭerviyuz aur taqārīr kā majmūʻah'', collected speeches and interviews
*''K̲h̲ut̤bāt-i Maḥmūd: majmūʻah-yi taqārīr-i mufakkir-i Islām, Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd'', collection of his speeches
==Books about him==
*''Savāniḥ-i ḥayāt: Muftī Maḥmūd, vazīr-i aʻlá-yi Sarḥad, janral sekraṭrī Jamʻiyat-i ʻUlamāʼ-yi Islām, Pākistān'' by Z̈iyāʼurraḥmān Fārūqī, 1972
*''Muftī Maḥmūd kī siyāsat'' by Nūrulḥaq Quraishī, 1974
*''Maulānā Mufti Mahmūd'' by Naʻim Āsī, 1977
*''Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd ... kī siyāsī zindagī'' by Gul Nāyāb K̲h̲ān Citrālī, 2002
*''Mufakkir-i Islām, qāʼid-i Islāmī inqilāb Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd ... ek darvesh siyāsatdān'' by Sayyid Anvar Qidvāʼī, 2003
*''Savāniḥ qāʼid-i millat Ḥaẓrat Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd'' by ʻAbdulqayyūm Ḥaqqānī, 2003
*''Muftī Maḥmūd kā daur-i ḥukūmat'' by Ashfāq Hāshmī, 2004
*''Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd ke ḥairat angez vāqiʻāt'' by Momin K̲h̲ān ʻUs̲mānī, 2009
*''Muftī-yi Aʻẓam Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd kī ʻilmī, dīnī aur siyāsī k̲h̲idmāt'' by ʻAbdulḥakīm Akbarī, 2010
*''Afkār-i Maḥmūd : Shaik̲h̲ulhind Maulānā Maḥmūd Ḥasan va mufakkir-i Islām Maulānā Muftī Maḥmūd kī ḥayāt o k̲h̲idmāt kā ḥasīn tazkirah'' by Muḥammad Fārūq Quraishī, 2017
==See also==
*[[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)]]
*[[Persecution of Ahmadis]]
*[[Chief Ministers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
*[[Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box |title=[[Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Chief Minister of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]]|
years= 1972 &ndash; 1973|
before = [[Sardar Bahadur Khan]]|
after = [[Sardar Inayatullah Khan Gandapur|Inayatullah Gandapur]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{succession box |title=[[Emir|Ameer]] of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]|
years=1968 &ndash; 1980|
before=[[Abdullah Darkhawasti|Maulana Abdullah Darkhawasti]]|
after=[[Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman]]}}
{{end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahmud, Mufti}}
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:1980 deaths]]
[[Category:Pashtun people]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Pakistan]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
[[Category:People from Dera Ismail Khan District]]
[[Category:Grand Muftis]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Pakistani MNAs 1962–1965]]
[[Category:Pakistani political party founders]]
[[Category:Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam politicians]]
[[Category:Presidents of Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia]]
[[Category:Madrasa Shahi alumni]]
[[Category:Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia people]]
[[Category:Students of Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]]

Latest revision as of 09:55, 21 November 2022

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