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{{Hinduism}}
#REDIRECT [[Inchagiri Sampradaya]]
[[File:Navnath1.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Navnath]]
[[File:Sri Bhausaheb Maharaj.JPG|thumb|upright|right|Shri Samartha Sadaguru [[Bhausaheb Maharaj]]]]
[[File:RM8.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Shri Samartha Sadguru Ramachandrarao Maharaj Kupakaddi]]
[[File:Siddharamphoto.JPG|thumb|upright|right|Shri Samartha Sadaguru [[Siddharameshwar Maharaj]]]]
[[File:S S Maharaj.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Sri Samartha Sadaguru [[Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur]]]]
[[File:Shri Smarth Sadguru Muppin Kadsiddheshwar Maharaj.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Shri Smarth Sadguru Muppin [[Kaadsiddheshwar|Kadsiddheshwar Maharaj]]]]
[[File:Nisargadatta Maharaj.jpg|thumb|upright|right|[[Nisargadatta Maharaj]]]]
The '''Inchagiri Sampradaya''', also known as '''Nimbargi Sampradaya''', is a lineage of [[Hindu]] [[Navnath]] and [[Lingayat]] [[Guru|teachers]] from [[Maharashtra]] which was started by [[Bhausaheb Maharaj]].<ref group=web name="ShantiKuteer">[http://www.shantikuteer.org/page.php?pi=21 ShantiKuteer Ashram, ''Bhausaheb Maharaj'']</ref> It is inspired by [[Sant Mat]] teachers as [[Namdev]], [[Ravidas|Raidas]] and [[Kabir Das|Kabir]]. The Inchagiri Sampradaya has become well-known throughout the western world due to the popularity of [[Nisargadatta Maharaj]].


==History==
{{Redirect category shell|
{{See also|Guru-shishya tradition}}
{{R from move}}
 
}}
===Navnath===
{{Main|Navnath}}
 
====Dattatreya====
The mythological origins of the Inchagiri Sampradaya are ascribed to [[Dattatreya|Adiguru Shri Dattatreya]]. He initiated the [[Navnath|Navanaths]], the Holy Nine Gurus,{{sfn|Frydman|1987}} and the [[Navnath|Navanath Sampraday]].<ref group=web>[http://nisargadatta.net/lineage.html Navnath Sampradaya]</ref>{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}
 
====Revananath – Siddhagiri Math (Kaneri Math)====
{{Main|Revan Nath|Siddhagiri Gramjivan Museum (Kaneri Math)#Kaneri Math|l1=Revan Nath|l2=Siddhagiri Math}}
 
One of those Navnaths was Revanath, the 7th{{sfn|Frydman|1987}} or 8th{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} Navnath. Revanath settled on the Siddhgiri hill for ascetic practice, living on whatever the jungle, gave him. He became famous as Kaadhsiddheshwar,{{refn|group=note|* "Kaadh" <nowiki>=</nowiki> jungle;<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" /><br />* "siddh" <nowiki>=</nowiki> [[siddha]], siddha guru, "one who is accomplished";<br />* "eshwar" <nowiki>=</nowiki> [[Shiva]], the "Supreme lord over other Gods".}} "the one who attained supreme realization in a forest".<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history">[http://www.siddhagiri.org/?page_id=371 www.siddhagiri.org, ''Siddhgiri Math and Kaadhsiddheshwar Tradition'']</ref>
 
Revananath is considered to have established the [[Siddhagiri Gramjivan Museum (Kaneri Math)#Kaneri Math|Kaadsiddheshwar temple]] and [[Matha|math]],<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" /> also called ''Kaadsiddheshwar Peeth''.<ref group=web name="mazasadguru.com-parampara" /> in the 7th century CE.<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" /> Other accounts mention a history of "more than 1300 years",<ref group=web name="siddhagirimath.org-history">[http://siddhagirimath.org/?page_id=665 siddhagirimath.org, ''Siddhagiri Math – History'']</ref> and the 14th century CE, when a Lingayat Priest established a Shivling at the hill, which became ''Kaneri Math'', nowadays called ''Siddhagiri Math'',<ref group=web name="discoverindia">[http://www.discoveredindia.com/maharashtra/attractions/museums/siddhagiri-gramjivan-museum-kaneri-math.htm Siddhagiri Gramjivan Museum Kaneri Math]</ref><ref group=web>[http://www.maharashtramaza.info/cities/orthodox-kolhapur/kolhapur-tourist-places/kaneri-math Kaneri Math Kolhapur]</ref>  It is located on Siddhagiri hill<ref group=web name="RanadeKadaSiddha">[http://www.gurudevranade.com/kadsidhis.html Gurudev R.D. Ranade, ''Kada Siddha'']</ref> in Kanheri village, Karveer tehsil, [[Kolhapur]] district, [[Maharashtra]] state, India.<ref group=web name="discoverindia" />
 
The Siddhagiri Math was established around the Moola-Kaadsiddheswar [[Shiva]] temple in the [[Shaiva]]-[[Lingayat]] tradition.<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" /> It is a vast campus with the central Shiva temple.<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" />
 
In the 12th century the Math came under the influence of [[Basava|Basaveshwar]], who established the [[Lingayat]] tradition of south India.<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" /> It is the main Kuldaivat{{refn|group=note|"Dynastic Gods/Teachers"<ref group=web name="mazasadguru.com-parampara" />)}} of the Lingayat Shaiva community,<ref group=web name="mazasadguru.com-parampara">[http://mazasadguru.com/english/eng_parampara.html mazasadguru.com, ''The Kaadsiddheshwar Parampara''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913144931/http://mazasadguru.com/english/eng_parampara.html |date=2014-09-13 }}</ref> its influence exceeding to most of the districts of Maharashtra and Karnataka, and also to some places in Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.<ref group=web name="siddhagiri.org-history" />
 
Part of Siddhagiri Math is the "Siddhagiri Gramjivan Museum", a wax museum dedicated to Gandhi's ideal of rural life. It was established by the 27th Mathadhipati, H.H. Adrushya Kadsiddheshwar Swami Ji.<ref group=web name="discoverindia" />
 
===Dnyaneshwar===
{{See also|Sant (religion)|Varkari}}
 
Revanath initiated [[Sant (religion)|Sant]] [[Dnyaneshwar]].<ref group=web name="AdvaitOrg">[http://www.advaita.org.uk/teachers/navnath_sampradaya.htm Advaita Vision, ''Navnath Sampradaya. Disciples of Nisargadatta Maharaj'']</ref> (1275–1296), also known as Sant Jñāneshwar or Jñanadeva<ref group=web name="AdvaitOrg" /> and as Kadasiddha{{sfn|Frydman|1987}} or Kad-Siddheshwar Maharaj.{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}
 
Dnyaneshwar was a 13th-century [[Maharashtra|Maharashtria]]n [[Hindu]] [[saint]] (''[[Sant (religion)|Sant]]'' – a title by which he is often referred), poet, philosopher and [[yogi]] of the [[Nath]] tradition whose works ''Bhavartha Deepika'' (a commentary on [[Bhagavad Gita]], popularly known as "[[Dnyaneshwari]]"), and [[Amrutanubhav]] are considered to be milestones in [[Marathi literature]].
 
According to Shirvaikar, Dnyaneshwar was initiated into the Nath by his older brother Nivrutti, who was born in 1273.<ref group=web name="Shirvaikar">[http://www.dj6qo.de/dnye/Dnbiography.htm V. V. Shirvaikar, ''A brief biography of saint Dnyaneshwar (Jnanadeva)'']</ref>
{{quote|In a state of extreme distress Vithalpant went to Triambakeshwar (near Nasik) with his family for performing worship at the Shiva temple. Triambakeshwar is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas or luminary lingas of Lord [[Shiva]]. While they had gone for performing pradakshina (circumambulation) of the temple one night they encountered a ferocious tiger (in thirteenth century the area was a deep forest) The members of the family ran helter skelter and were dispersed. Nivrutti wandered into a cave in the Anjani mountain where Gahininath, one of the nine Naths was staying for some time. He was attracted towards Nivrutti and in spite of his young age initiated him into Nath sect by initiation of nath panthi 'soham sadhana' which is combination of yoga, bhakti and also dnyana, instructing him to propagate devotion to Shri Krishna. That is how Nivrutti became [[Nivruttinath]]. The matter of excommunication did not affect this because the Nath sect does not bother about caste system and though socially it may be observed it is ignored in spiritual matters.<ref group=web name="Shirvaikar" />}}
 
In 1287 Nivrutti initiated his younger brother:
{{quote|Nivrutinath initiated Dnyanadeo into the Nath sect and instructed him to write a commentary on Gita. Thus we have a unique situation of a fourteen-year-old Guru instructing his twelve-year-old disciple to write something which has become the hope of humanity.<ref group=web name="Shirvaikar" />}}
 
Dnyaneshwar died at the young age of 21.<ref group=web name="Shirvaikar" />
 
===Nimbargi Maharaj (Gurulingajangam Maharaj) – Nimbargi Sampradaya===
Different accounts of the founding of the Nimbargi Sampradaya by Nimbargi Maharaj, the alternate name of the Inchegeri Sampradaya, are to be found.
* According to several accounts, in 1820<ref group=web name="RanjitHistory">[http://www.sadguru.com/timeline.php Sadguru Shri Ranjit Maharaj, ''History'']</ref> Kadasiddha,{{sfn|Frydman|1987}} or ''"Almighty "Kadsiddeshwar"'',<ref group=web name="RanjitHistory" /> appeared as a vision to Sri Gurulingajangam Maharaj"<ref group=web name="RanjitHistory" /> (1789-1875),<ref group=web name="AdvaitOrg" /> also known as "Nimbargi Maharaj".<ref group=web name="AdvaitOrg" />
* According to a different account, the 22nd{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} or 24th<ref group=web name="siddhagirimath.org-pedigree">[http://siddhagirimath.org/?page_id=667 siddhagirimath.org, "pedigree"]</ref> Shri Samarth Muppin Kaadsiddheswar Maharaj{{refn|group=note|In the Kaadasiddheshwar Sampradaya<ref group=web name="siddhagirimath.org-pedigree" />}} initiated Nimbargi Maharaj.<ref group=web name="balkrushnamauli.com-guruling-jangam-maharaj">[http://www.balkrushnamauli.com/guruling-jangam-maharaj/ balkrushnamauli.com, ''Guruling Jangam Maharaj''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080552/http://www.balkrushnamauli.com/guruling-jangam-maharaj/ |date=2014-10-06 }}</ref>
* According to Frydman, Kadasiddha initiated both Lingajangam Maharaj and Bhausahib Maharaj, and "entrusted to their care his Ashram".{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}{{refn|group=note|How Gurulingajangam Maharaj and Bhausahib Maharaj were initiated is not being narrated, but given the span of time between the 13th century and the 19th century and the early dismiss of Dnyaneshwar, a physical initiation seems unlikely.}}{{refn|group=note|Bhausahib Maharaj was born in 1843.<ref group=web name="RanjitHistory" />}}
* Accordong to Cathy Boucher, Nimbargi Maharaj's guru was called "Guru Juangam Maharaj". She also mentions "a yogi [at Siddhagiri] who gave [Nimabargi Maharaj] a mantra and told him to meditate regularly on it".{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}
 
Nimbargi belonged to a Nellawai sub-caste of the [[Lingayat]] caste.{{sfn|Dabade|1998|p=49}}{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} According to Boucher,
{{quote|It is significant that some of the founders of the Navnath Sampradaya are Lingayat or Virasaiva because this was a revolutionary movement, allowing people of all walks of life, and both sexes to find [[Shiva]] immanent within themselves. Part of this democratizing movement, I believe, is a reaction of Western India's contact with Islam, which embraces people of all class, creed and gender. The iconoclasm, which is at the heart of Virasaivism actually comes down to us in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries as something we can easily relate to. The breaking down of taboos, of certain parts of India's spiritual structure makes it possible for us as modern people to partake of these teachings. We do not even have to be practicing Hindus, in the traditional sense, in order to hear it. This attitude was most evident in the Satsang room of Sri Nisargaddatta Maharaj.{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}}}
 
Nimbargi practiced for 36 years, meanwhile living as a householder, and was finally awakened when he was 67. Until his death, at the age of 95, he "initiated people and lived the life of a Jivanmukta".{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}
 
===Bhausaheb Maharaj – Inchagiri Sampradaya===
{{Main|Bhausaheb Maharaj}}
 
According to Kotnis, Bhausaheb Maharj was looked upon as the reincarnation of [[Tukaram|Sant Tukaram]]{{sfn|Kotnis|1963|p=17}} (1577–1650), a prominent [[Varkari]] [[Sant (religion)|Sant]] and spiritual poet of the [[Bhakti]], who had taken birth again in the Neelwani Lingayat community to finish his work of spreading the knowledge of Self-realization.{{sfn|Kotnis|1963|p=17}} Bhausaheb Maharaj belonged to the [[Deshastha Brahmin]] caste.{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} the same caste to which the thirteenth century [[Varkari]] saint and philosopher [[Dnyaneshwar]] belonged, the 16th century sant [[Eknath]], and the 17th century saint and spiritual poet [[Samarth Ramdas]].{{sfn|Bokil|1979|p=18}}
 
At the request of Nimbargi,{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}<ref group=web name="RanadeBhausaheb" /> Bhausaheb Maharaj Deshpande (1843 Umdi – 1914 Inchgiri)<ref group=web name="RanadeBhausaheb">[http://www.gurudevranade.com/bmhis.html Gurudev R.D. Ranade, ''Sadguru Shri Bhausaheb Maharaj Umdikar'']</ref> received mantra initiation{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} from Shri Raghunathpriya Sadhu Maharaj,{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}<ref group=web name="RanadeBhausaheb" /> who was an ardent follower and a devoted disciple of Shri Gurulingajangam Maharaj.{{sfn|Ranade|1982|p={{pn|date=March 2021}}}}<ref group=web name="RanadeBhausaheb" /> Bhausaheb Maharaj became a disciple of Nimbargi Maharaj.<ref group=web name="RanadeBhausaheb" />
 
Bhausaheb Maharaj teachings were collected  in a book called ''Nama-Yoga'', a term coined by the compilers and translators of the book, whereas Bhausaheb Maharaj himself called it Jnana Marga, just like Nimbargi Maharaj did.{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} Bhausaheb Maharaj's teachings, and those of his student Gurudeo Ranade, have been called ''Pipilika Marg '',<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar">[http://nondualite.free.fr/c_profile.htm http://nondualite.free.fr, ''Shri Sadguru Siddharameshwar Maharaj'']</ref> "the Ant's way",<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar" /> the way of meditation,<ref group=web name="sadguru.us-birdsway">[http://sadguru.us/thebirdsway.html sadguru.us, ''The Bird's way''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330175504/http://sadguru.us/thebirdsway.html |date=2015-03-30 }}</ref> while the teachings of Siddharameshwar Maharaj and his disciples Nisargadatta Maharaj and Ranjit Maharaj have been called ''Vihangam Marg'',<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar" /> "the Bird's Way", the direct path to Self-discovery.<ref group=web name="sadguru.us-birdsway" />{{refn|group=note|sadguru.us: "The way of meditation is a long arduous path while the Bird's Way is a clear direct path of Self investigation, Self exploration, and using thought or concepts as an aid to understanding and Self-Realization. Sometimes this approach is also called the Reverse Path. What Reverse Path indicates is the turning around of one's attention away from objectivity to the more subjective sense of one's Beingness. (Compare [[Jinul]]'s "tracing back the radiance": {{Citation | last =Buswell | first =Robert E. | year =1991 | title =Tracing Back the Radiance: Chinul's Korean Way of Zen | publisher =University of Hawaii Press | isbn =978-0-8248-1427-4}}). With the Bird's Way, first one's mind must be made subtle. This is generally done with some initial meditation on a mantra or phrase which helps the aspirant to step beyond the mental/conceptual body, using a concept to go beyond conceptualization."<ref group=web name="sadguru.us-birdsway" />}}{{refn|group=note|The terms appear in the Varaha Upanishad, Chapter IV: "34. (The Rishi) [[Shuka|Suka]] is a Mukta (emancipated person). (The Rishi) [[Vamadeva]] is a Mukta. There are no others (who have attained emancipation) than through these (viz., the two paths of these two Rishis). Those brave men who follow the path of Suka in this world become Sadyo-Muktas (viz., emancipated) immediately after (the body wear away);<br />
35. While those who always follow the path of Vamadeva (i.e., Vedanta) in this world are subject again and again to rebirths and attain Krama (gradual) emancipation, through Yoga, Sankhya and Karmas associated with Sattva (Guna).<br />
36. Thus there are two paths laid down by the Lord of Devas (viz.,) the Suka and Vamadeva paths. The Suka path is called the bird’s path; while the Vamadeva path is called the ant’s path."<ref group=web>[http://www.swamij.com/upanishad-varaha-bhumikas.htm swamji.com, ''Seven Bhumikas'']</ref>}}
 
After his awakening he was authorized by Nimbargi to carry on the lineage,{{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}} and established the Inchegeri Sampraday.{{sfn|Frydman|1987}} Sri Bhausaheb Maharaj had many students, among which were:
* Sri Amburao Maharaj of Jigjivani (1857 Jigajevani – 1933 Inchgiri)<ref group=web name="RanadeAmburao">[http://www.gurudevranade.com/amhis.htm Gurudev R.D. Ranade, ''Sadguru Shri Amburao Maharaj'']</ref>{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}
* Sri Ramachandrarao Maharaj (1873 Horti – 1937 Kupakaddi)<ref group=web name="Ramachandrarao Maharaj">[http://samarthrangraomaharaj.org/maharaja-2.php, ''Shri Sadguru Ramachandrarao Maharaj'']</ref>
* [[Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade|Sri Gurudev Ranade]] of Nimbal<ref group=web name="RanadeAmburao" /><ref group=web name="RanadeRanade">[http://www.gurudevranade.com/gmhis.html Gurudev R.D. Ranade, ''Shri  Gurudev  R. D. Ranade'']</ref>{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}<ref group=web name="BridgeIndia">[http://bridge-india.blogspot.nl/2011/08/shri-gurudev-r-d-ranade.html Bridge-India, ''Shri Gurudev R.D. Ranade'']</ref>
* Girimalleshwar Maharaj{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}
* [[Siddharameshwar Maharaj|Sri Siddharameshwar Maharaj]] (1875–1936){{sfn|Boucher|n.d.}}{{sfn|Frydman|1987}}
 
====R.D. Ranade====
{{Main|Ramachandra Dattatrya Ranade}}
 
Ramachandra Dattatreya Ranade (1886–1957) was a scholar with an academic career. He taught at Willindon College, Sangli, on a regular basis before being invited to join Allahabad University as Head of Department of Philosophy where he rose to be the Vice-Chancellor. After retirement in 1946 he lived in an ashrama in a small village, Nimbal, near Solapur where he died on 6 June 1957.<ref group=web name="RanadeRanade" />
 
====Siddharameshwar Maharaj====
{{Main|Siddharameshwar Maharaj}}
 
Siddharameshwar Maharaj was born in 1888. In 1906<ref group=web name="RanjitHistory" /> he was initiated by his guru Bhausaheb Maharaj in Inchegeri in [[Karnataka]] India, who taught mantra-meditation as the way to reach Final Reality.<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar" /> In 1920 Siddharameshwar Maharaj started to set out on "the Bird's Path", the fast way to attain realisation, six years after Bhauhaseb maharaj had died.<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar" /> His fellow-students opposed, but eventually he succeeded by himself.<ref group=web name="nondualite.free.fr-Siddharameshwar" />
 
[[Siddharameshwar Maharaj|Sri Siddharameshwar Maharaj]] initiated several well-known teachers:
* [[Ranjit Maharaj|Sri Ranjit Maharaj]];<ref group=web name ="Ranjit interview"/>
* Sri [[Nisargadatta Maharaj]] (1897–1981), who was with him for about two and a half years, 1933–1936;{{sfn|UNKNOWN|1980|pp=1–2}}
 
Siddharameshwar Maharaje used four books to give sermons on: [[Dasbodh]] of Saint Shri [[Samarth Ramdas]]; the [[Yoga Vasistha]]; "Sadachara" of Shri Shankaracharya; and the "Eknathi Bhagwat" of Sant [[Eknath]].<ref group=web name ="Ranjit interview"/>
 
=====Nisargadatta Maharaj=====
{{Main|Nisargadatta Maharaj}}
 
Nisargadatta started to give initiations in 1951, after a personal revelation from his guru, Siddharameshwar Maharaj:<ref group=web name=NisargadattaMaharajBiography>[http://www.enlightened-spirituality.org/Nisargadatta_Maharaj.html Nisargadatta Maharaj Biography] enlightened-spirituality.org</ref>
{{quote|Ever since his return to Bombay in 1938, Nisargadatta had been sought out by those desiring his counsel on spiritual matters. Many wanted to become his disciples and get formal mantra-initiation from him, reverentially calling him “Maharaj,” “Great (Spiritual) King.” Yet he was reluctant to have disciples and serve as a guru. Finally, in 1951, after receiving an inner revelation from Siddharamesvar, he began to initiate students into discipleship.<ref group=web name=NisargadattaMaharajBiography/>}}
 
Nisargadatta Maharaj attracted a broad following in the western world. He never appointed any successor, because
{{quote|[...] he wasn't allowed to appoint a successor. You have to remember that Nisargadatta wasn't realized himself when Siddharameshwar passed away.<ref group=web name="Remembering" />}}
 
Only a few persons were acknowledged as ''jnani'' by Sri Nisargadatta.<ref group=web name="Remembering" />{{refn|group=note|David Godman mentions [[Maurice Frydman]] and a Canadian called "Rudi".<ref group=web name="Remembering" />}} Nevertheless, several western teachers regard Sri Nisargadatta to be their guru.<ref group=web name="nisargadatta">[http://nisargadatta.org/pages/navnath_sampradaya.html nisargadatta.org, ''Navnath Sampradaya''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223050723/http://nisargadatta.org/pages/navnath_sampradaya.html |date=2015-02-23 }}</ref> Shri Ramakant Maharaj says to be "the only Indian direct disciple of Shri Nisargadatta Maharaj" who offers initiation into this lineage.<ref group=web name="Ramakant-information">[http://www.ramakantmaharaj.net/information.php Shri Ramakant Maharaj, ''Information'']</ref> He received the Naam mantra in 1962 from Shri Nisargadatta Maharaj, and spent the next 19 years with him.<ref group=web name="Ramakant">[http://www.ramakantmaharaj.net/ Shri Ramakant Maharaj]</ref>
 
=====Ranjit Maharaj=====
{{Main|Ranjit Maharaj}}
 
Sri Ranjit Maharaj (1913–2000) met Siddharameshwar Maharaj in 1924. The following year he was initiated by Siddharameshwar Maharaj. In 1934, at the age of 24, he took initiation to monkhood. Only in 1983, at the age of 70, initiated his first disciple, Shri Siddharameshwar Maharajs granddaughter in law.<ref group=web name="Ranjit">[http://sadguru.com/ranjitmaharaj.php sadguru.com, ''Shree Ranjit Maharj'']</ref>
 
=====Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur=====
{{Main|Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur}}
 
Shri Samartha Sadaguru Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur (1909–2004) was initiated by Siddharameshwar Maharaj when he was thirteen. After graduation he attained liberation at age 24. Later in life he founded the Shanti Kuteer Ashram.<ref group=web>{{Cite web |url=http://www.shantikuteer.org/page.php?pi=3 |title=Biography of Shri S S Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur |access-date=2014-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090712145353/http://www.shantikuteer.org/page.php?pi=3 |archive-date=2009-07-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
=====Shri Muppin Kaadsiddheshwar Maharaj=====
{{Main|Kaadsiddheshwar}}
 
Shri Muppin Kaadsiddheshwar Maharaj was formally adopted by the 25th Virupaksha Kaadeshwar of the [[Kaneri Math]], [[Lingayat]] [[Parampara]], and invested as the 26th Mathadheepati of the (Siddhagiri) Kaneri Math, Lingayat Parampara, in 1922 at the age of 17.<ref group=web name="mazasadguruBiography">[http://mazasadguru.com/english/index_eng.html mazasadguru.com, ''Biography''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013044255/http://mazasadguru.com/english/index_eng.html |date=2013-10-13 }}</ref> He met Siddharameshwar Maharaj in 1935, who became his guru.<ref group=web name="mazasadguruBiography" />
 
==Lineage and succession==
{{Navnath Sampradaya - Inchegiri Sampradaya}}
 
Nisargadatta narrates the following about the succession of teachers of the Inchagiri Sampradaya:
{{quote|I sit here every day answering your questions, but this is not the way that the teachers of my lineage used to do their work. A few hundred years ago there were no questions and answers at all. Ours is a householder lineage, which means everyone had to go out and earn his living. There were no meetings like this where disciples met in large numbers with the Guru and asked him questions. Travel was difficult. There were no buses, trains and planes. In the old days the Guru did the traveling on foot, while the disciples stayed at home and looked after their families. The Guru walked from village to village to meet the disciples. If he met someone he thought was ready to be included in the sampradaya, he would initiate him with mantra of the lineage. That was the only teaching given out. The disciple would repeat the mantra and periodically the Guru would come to the village to see what progress was being made. When the Guru knew that he was about to pass away, he would appoint one of the householder-devotees to be the new Guru, and that new Guru would then take on the teaching duties: walking from village to village, initiating new devotees and supervising the progress of the old ones.<ref group=web name="Remembering">[http://davidgodman.org/interviews/nis1.shtml David Godman, ''Remembering Nisargadatta Maharaj pt.1'']</ref>}}
 
Nisargadatta also told:
{{quote|There is a succession of Gurus and their disciples, who in turn train more disciples and thus the line is maintained. But the continuity of tradition is informal and voluntary. It is like a family name, but here the family is spiritual.{{sfn|Nisargadatta|1973|loc=chapter 97}}}}
 
Nisargadatta also explained:
{{quote|Q:How does one become a Navnath? By initiation or by succession?
 
M:Neither. The ‘Nine Masters' tradition, Navnath Parampara, is like a river -- it flows into the ocean of reality and whoever enters it is carried along.
 
Q:Does it imply acceptance by a living master belonging to the same tradition?
 
M:Those who practice the sadhana of focusing their minds on ‘I am' may feel related to others who have followed the same sadhana succeeded. They may decide to verbalise their sense of kinship by calling themselves Navnaths. It gives them the pleasure of belonging to an established tradition.{{sfn|Nisargadatta|1973|loc=chapter 97}}}}
 
Nisargadatta further explains:
{{quote|Q:Do you have to realise to join the Sampradaya?
 
M:The Navnath Sampradayais is only a tradition, a way of teaching and practice. It does not denote a level of consciousness. If you accept a Navnath Sampradayateacher as your Guru, you join his Sampradaya. Usually you receive a token of his grace – a look, a touch, or a word, sometimes a vivid dream or a strong remembrance. Sometimes the only sign of grace is a significant and rapid change in character and behavior.
 
Q:I know you now for some years and I meet you regularly. The thought of you is never far from my mind. Does it make me belong to your Sampradaya?
 
M:Your belonging is a matter of your own feeling and conviction. After all, it is all verbal and formal. In reality there is neither Guru nor disciple, neither theory nor practice, neither ignorance nor realization. It all depends on what you take yourself to be. Know yourself correctly. There is no substitute to self-knowledge.
 
Q:What proof will I have that I know myself correctly?
 
M:You need no proofs. The experience is unique and unmistakable. It will dawn on you suddenly, when the obstacles are removed to some extent. It is like a frayed rope snapping.{{sfn|Nisargadatta|1973|loc=chapter 97}}}}
 
Nisargadatta started to give initiations in 1951, after a "personal revelation" from his guru, Siddharameshwar Maharaj,<ref group=web name=NisargadattaMaharajBiography /> while Ranjit Maharaj started to give initiations in 1983, almost half a century after his awakening, on request of Siddharameshwar Maharaj granddaughter-in-law:<ref group=web name ="Ranjit interview" />
{{quote|In 1936, when he passed away, I was living my simple life because I never wanted to become a Master [laughs]. I started to teach in 1983 because my Master's granddaughter-in-law wanted me to give her a mantra. She said to me, "I want a mantra from you." If I didn't give her a mantra, then I'd be faithless to Siddharameshwar Maharaj. So by my Master's order and grace I started to teach, and at this moment I teach you. [laughs].<ref group=web name ="Ranjit interview">[http://www.inner-quest.org/Ranjit_Interview.htm Ranjit interview]</ref>}}
 
==See also==
* [[Avadhuta]]
* [[Lingayat]]
* [[Basava]]
* [[Maharashtra]]
* [[Hindu denominations]]
 
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note|30em}}
 
==References==
{{reflist|20em}}
 
==Sources==
 
===Published sources===
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation | last =Bokil | first =Vinayak Pandurang | year =1979 | title =Rajguru Ramdas | publisher =Kamalesh P. Bokil : sole distributors, International Book Service| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zFoqAAAAYAAJ}}
* {{Citation | last =Boucher | first =Cathy | year =n.d. | title =The Lineage of Nine Gurus. The Navnath Sampradaya and Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj | url =http://nisargadatta.net/Navnath_Sampradaya.html}}
* {{Citation | last =Dabade | first =K.D. | year =1998 | title =Sociology of religion: a case study of Nimbargi Sampradaya | publisher =Mangala Publications}}
* {{Citation | last =Frydman | first =Maurice | year =1987 | title =Navanath Sampradaya. In: I Am That. Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj | place =Bombay | publisher =Chetana}}
* {{Citation | first =Appaji Kashinath | last =Kher | year =1895 | title =A higher Anglo-Marathi grammar | pages=446–454 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xO0EHQAACAAJ | access-date =10 October 2010}}
* {{Citation | last =Kotnis | first =Anant Narsinha | year =1963 | title =Life sketch of Sant Tatyasaheb Kotnis}}
* {{Citation | last =Nisargadatta | year =1973 | title =I Am That | url =http://www.anandavala.info/miscl/I_Am_That.pdf | access-date =2014-09-19 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180127181347/http://www.anandavala.info/miscl/I_Am_That.pdf | archive-date =2018-01-27 | url-status =dead }}
* {{Citation | last =Ranade | first =R.D. | year =1982 |title=Mysticism In Maharashtra}}{{fcn|date=March 2021}}
* {{Citation | last =UNKNOWN |date=April 4, 1980 |title=Prior to Consciousness}}{{fcn|date=March 2021}}
{{refend}}
 
===Web-sources===
{{reflist|group=web}}
 
==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
;Teachings
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Samartha Ramdas | year =2010 | title =Dasbodh - Spiritual Instruction for the Servant | publisher =Sadguru Publishing}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Nimbargi Maharaj | year =1978 | title =Nimbargi Maharaj, His Life and Teaching ("Bodha-sude") | publisher =Academy of Comparative Philosophy and Religion}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last1 =Nimbargi Maharaj | last2 =Raghunathacharya Adya | last3 =Sucharita Bhagwat (translator) | last4 =Suresh Gajendragadkar (translator) | year =1975 |orig-year=1908 | title =Nectar of Illumination: Teachings of Shree Nimbargi Maharaj ("Shree Maharajarawar Vachana") | publisher =Bhagwat | url =http://adityaeiplhotmail.wordpress.com/}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Deshpande | first =Manohar Srinivas | year =1978 | title =Sri Bhausaheb Maharaj: Life-sketch and Nama-yoga | publisher =Academy of Comparative Philosophy and Religion}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =unknown author | year =1978 | title =Sri Amburao Maharaj: Life-sketch & Practical Philosophy | publisher =Academy of Comparative Philosophy and Religion}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Siddhrameswar Maharaj | year =2009 | title =Master of Self-Realization. An Ultimate Understanding | publisher =Sadguru Publishing | url =http://nem2.ucoz.hu/PDF/Master_of_Self-Realization.pdf | access-date =2014-10-02 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20141006100700/http://nem2.ucoz.hu/PDF/Master_of_Self-Realization.pdf | archive-date =2014-10-06 | url-status =dead }}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Nisargadatta | year =1973 | title =I Am That | url =http://www.anandavala.info/miscl/I_Am_That.pdf | access-date =2014-09-19 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180127181347/http://www.anandavala.info/miscl/I_Am_That.pdf | archive-date =2018-01-27 | url-status =dead }}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Ranjit Maharaj | year =2010 | title =Illusion Vs. Reality | publisher =Sadguru Publishing}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Ramakant Maharaj | year =2015 | title =Selfless Self | publisher =Selfless Self Press}}
;Background
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Rigopoulos | first =Antonio | year =1985 | title =Dattatreya: The Immortal Guru, Yogin, and Avatara: A Study of the Transformative and Inclusive Character of a Multi-faceted Hindu Deity | publisher =SUNY Press}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Dabade | first =K. B. | year =1998 | title =Sociology of Religion: A Case Study of Nimbargi Sampradaya | publisher =Mangala Publications}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Date | first =Vinayak Hari | year =1982 | title =R.D. Ranade and His Spiritual Lineage | publisher =Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan}}
* {{Citation|ref=none | last =Boucher | first =Cathy | title =The Lineage of Nine Gurus. The Navnath Sampradaya and Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj | url=http://nisargadatta.net/Navnath_Sampradaya.html}}
{{refend}}
 
==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
'''General'''
*[http://gurudevranadelifephilosophy.blogspot.nl/2008/01/nimbargi-sampradaya.html List of important personalities of Nimbargi Sampradaya]
*[http://acprbgm.org/ Academy of Comparative Philosophy and Religion]
'''Homepages'''
*[http://www.gurudevranade.com/gmhis.html Gurudev R.D Ranade homepage]
*[http://www.sadguru.com/index.php Sadguru, Sri Ranjit Maharaj homepage] & [http://www.inner-quest.org/Ranjit_Interview.htm Interview with Sri Ranjit]
*[http://www.shantikuteer.org/start.php ShantiKuteer, Shree Samarth Sadguru Ganapatrao Maharaj Kannur homepage]
*[http://www.nisargadatta.net/ Nisarga Datta Maharaj homepage]
*[http://www.ramakantmaharaj.net/ Ramakant Maharaj, "a direct disciple" of Nisargadatta]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131013044255/http://mazasadguru.com/english/index_eng.html Shri Muppin Kaadsiddheswar Maharaj homepage]
 
{{Hindudharma}}
{{Shaivism}}
 
[[Category:Inchegeri Sampradaya| ]]
[[Category:Hindu denominations]]
[[Category:Hinduism in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Advaita]]

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