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{{Short description|Junior Digambar Jain monk}} | |||
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} | {{use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} | ||
{{use Indian English|date=May 2018}} | {{use Indian English|date=May 2018}} | ||
[[File:Kshullak Prarabghsagar 03.jpg|thumb|Kshullak Prarabghsagar in [[Tijara Jain temple]]]] | [[File:Kshullak Prarabghsagar 03.jpg|thumb|Kshullak Prarabghsagar in [[Tijara Jain temple]]]] | ||
{{Jainism}} | {{Jainism}} | ||
A '''kshullak''' (or kshullaka, lit. small or junior) is a junior [[Digambar]] [[Jain monk]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071121212914/http://www.hindu.com/2006/05/14/stories/2006051404820300.htm ] Jain muni initiates his father into dharmic order</ref> A kshullak wears two garments as opposed to a full monk who wears no clothes.<ref>Jinendra Varni, Jainendra Siddhanta Kosa, V.2, pages, 188-189</ref> Specifically a Kshullaka is a Shravaka of the highest degree at 11th [[Pratima (Jainism)|Pratima]]. | A '''kshullak''' (or kshullaka, lit. small or junior) is a junior [[Digambar]] [[Jain monk]].{{sfn|Jaini|1998|p=184}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071121212914/http://www.hindu.com/2006/05/14/stories/2006051404820300.htm ] Jain muni initiates his father into dharmic order</ref> A kshullak wears two garments as opposed to a full monk who wears no clothes.<ref>Jinendra Varni, Jainendra Siddhanta Kosa, V.2, pages, 188-189</ref> Specifically a Kshullaka is a Shravaka of the highest degree at 11th [[Pratima (Jainism)|Pratima]]. | ||
A kshullak is sometimes referred to by the earlier title Varni, even though Varni corresponds to the seventh [[Pratima (Jainism)|Pratima]]. | A kshullak is sometimes referred to by the earlier title Varni, even though Varni corresponds to the seventh [[Pratima (Jainism)|Pratima]]. | ||
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* Kshullaka [[Ganeshprasad Varni]] | * Kshullaka [[Ganeshprasad Varni]] | ||
* Kshullaka | * Kshullaka Jinendra Varni | ||
A Digambara Jain [[shravaka]] at the highest rank of 11th [[Pratima (Jainism)|pratima]] is either a kshullaka or an ailaka. He is just one step below a full muni. His conduct is prescribed in Vasunandi Sravakachara and Lati Samhita. | A Digambara Jain [[shravaka]] at the highest rank of 11th [[Pratima (Jainism)|pratima]] is either a kshullaka or an ailaka. He is just one step below a full muni. His conduct is prescribed in Vasunandi Sravakachara and Lati Samhita. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
===Citations=== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
===Sources=== | |||
* {{citation |last=Jaini |first=Padmanabh S. | date =1998 | orig-date =1979 |title=The Jain Path of Purification |url={{Google books|wE6v6ahxHi8C|plainurl=yes}}|publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |location=Delhi |isbn=978-81-208-1578-0 }} | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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{{Jainism Topics}} | {{Jainism Topics}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Digambara]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:36, 10 November 2025
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A kshullak (or kshullaka, lit. small or junior) is a junior Digambar Jain monk.[1][2] A kshullak wears two garments as opposed to a full monk who wears no clothes.[3] Specifically a Kshullaka is a Shravaka of the highest degree at 11th Pratima.
A kshullak is sometimes referred to by the earlier title Varni, even though Varni corresponds to the seventh Pratima.
Well known kshullakas include:
- Kshullaka Ganeshprasad Varni
- Kshullaka Jinendra Varni
A Digambara Jain shravaka at the highest rank of 11th pratima is either a kshullaka or an ailaka. He is just one step below a full muni. His conduct is prescribed in Vasunandi Sravakachara and Lati Samhita.
A kshullaka wears a loin cloth (kaupina) and a white rectangular cloth as a wrap. An ailak uses only a loin cloth.
A kshullaka may live in a house or may be a wanderer. He may eat food placed in his palms, or from a container. He eats once a day. He may beg from a single house or from multiple ones.
A kshullaka may keep a yajnopavita and a shikha. In Jain tradition, Narada muni is assumed to be a Kshullak Jain monk.
Kolhapur in Maharashtra was also once known as Kshullakapur because of the presence of many Jain monks during the Shilahara rule.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The Sanskrit term kṣullaka is a late Vedic corruption of an earlier kṣudraka and means "tiny, small, trifling".
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Citations[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Jaini 1998, p. 184.
- ↑ [1] Jain muni initiates his father into dharmic order
- ↑ Jinendra Varni, Jainendra Siddhanta Kosa, V.2, pages, 188-189
Sources[edit | edit source]
- Jaini, Padmanabh S. (1998) [1979], The Jain Path of Purification, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-1578-0
External links[edit | edit source]
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