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{{Short description|Pakistani Islamic leader (1922–1960)}} | |||
{{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2019}} | {{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2019}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | ||
{{Infobox religious biography | |||
| name = Amin ul-Hasanat | |||
| image = Pir of Manki Sharif.jpg | |||
| caption = | |||
| birth_name = Amin ul-Hasanat | |||
| birth_date = 1 February 1922 | |||
| birth_place = [[Manki Sharif]], Nowshera, British India (now Pakistan) | |||
| death_date = 5 January 1960 | |||
| death_place = | |||
| nationality = Pakistani | |||
| other_names = Pir of Manki Sharif, Fateh-e-Referendum | |||
| occupation = Islamic religious leader, politician | |||
| known_for = Campaigning for [[North-West Frontier Province|NWFP]] to become part of Pakistan | |||
| parents = [[Pir Abdul Rauf]] (father) | |||
| influences = | |||
| notable_works = | |||
| religion = Islam | |||
}} | |||
{{Barelvi}} | {{Barelvi}} | ||
'''Amin ul-Hasanat''' (1 February 1922 – 5 January 1960)''',''' better known as the '''Pir of Manki Sharif''', was the son of Pir Abdul Rauf and an Islamic religious leader in the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North-West Frontier Province]] (NWFP) of [[British | '''Amin ul-Hasanat''' (1 February 1922 – 5 January 1960)''',''' better known as the '''Pir of Manki Sharif''', was the son of Pir Abdul Rauf and an Islamic religious leader in the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North-West Frontier Province]] (NWFP) of [[British India]] (now [[Pakistan]]). After joining the [[All-India Muslim League]] in 1945, he was noted for his campaign in the provincial referendum held in early part of 1947, that saw the NWFP become part of Pakistan rather than [[India]]. He was popularly known as <nowiki>''</nowiki>''Fateh-e-Referendum''<nowiki>''</nowiki>.<ref name="pjlss">{{cite journal |journal=[[Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences]] |volume=3 |issue=1–2 |date=January–February 2005 |pages=33–36 |title=The Role of Ulema and Mashaikh in the Pakistan Movement |first1=K. M. |last1=Chaudhary |first2=N. |last2=Irshad |url=http://www.pjlss.edu.pk/pdf_files/2005_1%20%26%202/PJLSS_2005_33-36.pdf |access-date=5 October 2019 |archive-date=24 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024175144/http://www.pjlss.edu.pk/pdf_files/2005_1%20%26%202/PJLSS_2005_33-36.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
== Muslim League == | == Muslim League == | ||
Amin ul-Hasanat was highly influenced and inspired by the [[Pakistan Resolution]] of March 1940 passed by the All-India Muslim League at [[Lahore]]. Soon after joining the [[All-India Muslim League]] in 1945, Hasanat toured the NWFP to win support for the Muslim League. On October 1, 1945, Hasanat organized a historic meeting of the [[Ulema]] and [[Mashaikh]] at [[Peshawar]], which passed resolutions expressing full loyalty with the Muslim League and also expressed complete confidence in Jinnah's leadership.<ref name=storyofpakistan/> Then he invited the Muslim League leader [[Mohammad Ali Jinnah]] to tour the Province which Jinnah did on 24 November 1945. Jinnah's visit boosted the morale of Pir | Amin ul-Hasanat was highly influenced and inspired by the [[Pakistan Resolution]] of March 1940 passed by the All-India Muslim League at [[Lahore]]. Soon after joining the [[All-India Muslim League]] in 1945, Hasanat toured the NWFP to win support for the Muslim League. On October 1, 1945, Hasanat organized a historic meeting of the [[Ulema]] and [[Mashaikh]] at [[Peshawar]], which passed resolutions expressing full loyalty with the Muslim League and also expressed complete confidence in Jinnah's leadership.<ref name=storyofpakistan/> Then he invited the Muslim League leader [[Mohammad Ali Jinnah]] to tour the Province which Jinnah did on 24 November 1945. Jinnah's visit boosted the morale of the Pir and his devoted followers. The Pir's vigorous campaign for the [[Pakistan Movement]] in the NWFP area contributed significantly to the Muslim League's success in the NWFP referendum held in early part of 1947.<ref name=storyofpakistan>[https://storyofpakistan.com/pir-of-manki-sharif Pir of Manki Sharif (Amin ul-Hasanat), profile on storyofpakistan.com website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191005172609/https://storyofpakistan.com/pir-of-manki-sharif |date=5 October 2019 }} Updated 1 January 2007, Retrieved 5 October 2019</ref> The success of the Muslim League in the referendum was the basis for the [[British government]] to allocate NWFP to Pakistan.<ref name="storyofpakistan" /><ref>{{cite web |author=Nadeem F. Paracha |date=11 May 2014 |title=The election that created Pakistan (this article talks about the NWFP referendum in early 1947 towards the end) |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1105473/the-election-that-created-pakistan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821003002/https://www.dawn.com/news/1105473/the-election-that-created-pakistan |archive-date=21 August 2019 |access-date=5 October 2019 |website=Dawn (newspaper)}}</ref> | ||
In one of Jinnah's letters to the Pir, Jinnah promised that the [[sharia law]] would be applied to the affairs of the Muslim community after the formation of Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://epaper.dawn.com/DetailImage.php?StoryImage=26_12_2018_009_009 |author=Nasser Yousaf|website=Dawn (newspaper)|date=26 December 2018|title=Jinnah's last words|access-date=5 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="pjlss" /><ref name="Malik2010">{{citation|last=Malik|first=Anas|title=Political Survival in Pakistan: Beyond Ideology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dLkuCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA233|year=2010|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-90419-6|page=140}}</ref> | |||
== Opposition == | == Opposition == | ||
After the [[independence of Pakistan]] in 1947, however, Pir | After the [[independence of Pakistan]] in 1947, however, the Pir of Manki Sharif was disappointed by some of the decisions{{Which?|date=April 2024}} made by the party. He cut-off his relations with the Muslim League due to his ideological differences with Khan [[Abdul Qayyum Khan]], who emerged as the first Muslim League premier in NWFP. The Pir decided to launch his own [[Awami League (Pakistan)|Awami Muslim League]] party that started to play the role of opposition in the NWFP Provincial Assembly. His view was that opposition was the spirit of democratic set up and that it was critical to attain the previously stated objectives{{Which|date=April 2024}} of the Muslim League. After he saw new local leadership emerge in the province, he felt that those ideals were being overlooked by the changed Muslim League leadership. Disillusioned, he retired from active politics in 1955 and went back to religious activities.<ref name=storyofpakistan/> | ||
==Commemorative postage stamp== | ==Commemorative postage stamp== | ||
[[Pakistan Post|Pakistan Post Office]] issued a commemorative postage stamp to honor him in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' series in 1990.<ref>[https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_SJrIiNNNtWI/SozygZmxTXI/AAAAAAAABAM/F2r_Dm5EMGw/s1600-h/1990-7a.JPG Commemorative postage stamp issued in 1990 by Pakistan Post Office to honor Pir of Manki Sharif (Amin ul-Hasanat)] Retrieved 7 October 2019</ref> | [[Pakistan Post|Pakistan Post Office]] issued a commemorative postage stamp to honor him in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' series in 1990.<ref>[https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_SJrIiNNNtWI/SozygZmxTXI/AAAAAAAABAM/F2r_Dm5EMGw/s1600-h/1990-7a.JPG Commemorative postage stamp issued in 1990 by Pakistan Post Office to honor Pir of Manki Sharif (Amin ul-Hasanat)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828172251/https://1.bp.blogspot.com/_SJrIiNNNtWI/SozygZmxTXI/AAAAAAAABAM/F2r_Dm5EMGw/s1600-h/1990-7a.JPG |date=28 August 2021 }} Retrieved 7 October 2019</ref> | ||
== Death == | == Death == | ||
He died on 28 January 1960, at | He died on 28 January 1960, at age 37, a few weeks after a car accident on 5 January 1960 near [[Fateh Jang]], [[Attock District]] in [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. He was buried at his hometown [[Manki Sharif]], [[Nowshera District]], NWFP, Pakistan.<ref name="pjlss" /><ref name=storyofpakistan/> | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{notelist}} | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| Line 33: | Line 56: | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hasanat, Amin}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Hasanat, Amin}} | ||
[[Category:1922 births]] | [[Category:1922 births]] | ||
[[Category:1960 deaths]] | [[Category:1960 deaths]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Pashtun people]] | ||
[[Category:Barelvis]] | [[Category:Barelvis]] | ||
[[Category:All-Pakistan Awami League politicians]] | |||
[[Category:All-India Muslim League politicians]] | |||
[[Category:People from Nowshera District]] | |||
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists from the North-West Frontier Province]] | |||
[[Category:Leaders of the opposition in the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] | |||
Latest revision as of 09:54, 10 October 2025
Amin ul-Hasanat | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Other names | Pir of Manki Sharif, Fateh-e-Referendum |
| Personal | |
| Born | Amin ul-Hasanat 1 February 1922 Manki Sharif, Nowshera, British India (now Pakistan) |
| Died | 5 January 1960 |
| Religion | Islam |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Parents | Pir Abdul Rauf (father) |
| Known for | Campaigning for NWFP to become part of Pakistan |
| Other names | Pir of Manki Sharif, Fateh-e-Referendum |
| Occupation | Islamic religious leader, politician |
Amin ul-Hasanat (1 February 1922 – 5 January 1960), better known as the Pir of Manki Sharif, was the son of Pir Abdul Rauf and an Islamic religious leader in the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) of British India (now Pakistan). After joining the All-India Muslim League in 1945, he was noted for his campaign in the provincial referendum held in early part of 1947, that saw the NWFP become part of Pakistan rather than India. He was popularly known as ''Fateh-e-Referendum''.[1]
Muslim League[edit | edit source]
Amin ul-Hasanat was highly influenced and inspired by the Pakistan Resolution of March 1940 passed by the All-India Muslim League at Lahore. Soon after joining the All-India Muslim League in 1945, Hasanat toured the NWFP to win support for the Muslim League. On October 1, 1945, Hasanat organized a historic meeting of the Ulema and Mashaikh at Peshawar, which passed resolutions expressing full loyalty with the Muslim League and also expressed complete confidence in Jinnah's leadership.[2] Then he invited the Muslim League leader Mohammad Ali Jinnah to tour the Province which Jinnah did on 24 November 1945. Jinnah's visit boosted the morale of the Pir and his devoted followers. The Pir's vigorous campaign for the Pakistan Movement in the NWFP area contributed significantly to the Muslim League's success in the NWFP referendum held in early part of 1947.[2] The success of the Muslim League in the referendum was the basis for the British government to allocate NWFP to Pakistan.[2][3]
In one of Jinnah's letters to the Pir, Jinnah promised that the sharia law would be applied to the affairs of the Muslim community after the formation of Pakistan.[4][1][5]
Opposition[edit | edit source]
After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, however, the Pir of Manki Sharif was disappointed by some of the decisions[which?] made by the party. He cut-off his relations with the Muslim League due to his ideological differences with Khan Abdul Qayyum Khan, who emerged as the first Muslim League premier in NWFP. The Pir decided to launch his own Awami Muslim League party that started to play the role of opposition in the NWFP Provincial Assembly. His view was that opposition was the spirit of democratic set up and that it was critical to attain the previously stated objectives[which?] of the Muslim League. After he saw new local leadership emerge in the province, he felt that those ideals were being overlooked by the changed Muslim League leadership. Disillusioned, he retired from active politics in 1955 and went back to religious activities.[2]
Commemorative postage stamp[edit | edit source]
Pakistan Post Office issued a commemorative postage stamp to honor him in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' series in 1990.[6]
Death[edit | edit source]
He died on 28 January 1960, at age 37, a few weeks after a car accident on 5 January 1960 near Fateh Jang, Attock District in Punjab, Pakistan. He was buried at his hometown Manki Sharif, Nowshera District, NWFP, Pakistan.[1][2]
Notes[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Chaudhary, K. M.; Irshad, N. (January–February 2005). "The Role of Ulema and Mashaikh in the Pakistan Movement" (PDF). Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences. 3 (1–2): 33–36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Pir of Manki Sharif (Amin ul-Hasanat), profile on storyofpakistan.com website Archived 5 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine Updated 1 January 2007, Retrieved 5 October 2019
- ↑ Nadeem F. Paracha (11 May 2014). "The election that created Pakistan (this article talks about the NWFP referendum in early 1947 towards the end)". Dawn (newspaper). Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- ↑ Nasser Yousaf (26 December 2018). "Jinnah's last words". Dawn (newspaper). Retrieved 5 October 2019.
- ↑ Malik, Anas (2010), Political Survival in Pakistan: Beyond Ideology, Routledge, p. 140, ISBN 978-1-136-90419-6
- ↑ Commemorative postage stamp issued in 1990 by Pakistan Post Office to honor Pir of Manki Sharif (Amin ul-Hasanat) Archived 28 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 7 October 2019
Further reading[edit | edit source]
- Jha, Prem Shankar (1996), Kashmir, 1947: Rival Versions of History, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-563766-3
- Samad, Yunas (1995), A nation in turmoil: nationalism and ethnicity in Pakistan, 1937-1958, Sage, ISBN 978-0-8039-9214-6
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