Sankarabharanam (1980 film): Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by RanMouri25
Last edited December 15, 2022
VisualWikitext
imported>RanMouri25
→Plot: Minor changes to the plot for a better understanding
 
No edit summary
 
Line 22: Line 22:
| language      = Telugu
| language      = Telugu
}}
}}
'''Sankarabharanam''' ({{translation|The jewel of Sankara}}) is a 1980 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[musical film|musical]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] written and directed by [[K. Viswanath]]. Produced by Edida Nageswara Rao under the production company [[Poornodaya Movie Creations]], ''Sankarabharanam'' starred [[J. V. Somayajulu]], Manju Bhargavi, Chandramohan, and Rajyalakshmi. The soundtrack was composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]] and remained a chartbuster. The film throws light on the chasm between Classical and Western Music based on the perspective of people from two different generations.
'''Sankarabharanam''' ({{translation|The jewel of Sankara}}) is a 1980 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[musical film|musical]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] written and directed by [[K. Viswanath]]. Produced by Edida Nageswara Rao under the production company [[Poornodaya Movie Creations]], ''Sankarabharanam'' starred [[J. V. Somayajulu]], [[Manju Bhargavi]], [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]], and Rajyalakshmi. The soundtrack was composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]] and remained a chartbuster. The film throws light on the chasm between Classical and Western Music based on the perspective of people from two different generations.


''Sankarabharanam'' won the ''Prize of the Public'' at the "[[Besançon]] Film Festival of [[France]]" in the year 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/88_29thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=K. Viswanath Film craft Page 6 DFF|access-date=2013-01-01}}</ref> It was screened at the ''[[8th International Film Festival of India]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=8IIFA.pdf |title=8th IFFI Archived copy |access-date=2018-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101233112/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=8IIFA.pdf |archive-date=2018-01-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the ''[[Tashkent]] Film Festival'', the ''[[Asia Pacific Film Festival]]'', the ''[[Moscow International Film Festival]]'' held in May 1980,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/141_IPCatalogue1980-81.pdf|title=Filmtsav' 80 |publisher=DFF}}</ref><ref name="idlebrain.com"/> and the ''[[Annapurna International School of Film and Media|AISFM Film Festival]]''.<ref>[http://www.aisfm.edu.in/blog/2014/the-films-of-k-viswanath/ The films of K. Viswanath — AISFM Blog<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ''[[Forbes (India)|Forbes]]'' included J. V. Somayajulu's performance in the film on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0|title=25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema|magazine=[[Forbes (India)|Forbes]]|first1=Shishir|last1=Prasad|first2=N. S.|last2=Ramnath|first3=Sohini|last3=Mitter|date=27 April 2013 |access-date = 27 January 2015}}</ref> [[IBN Live]] included ''Sankarabharanam'' on its list of "100 greatest Indian films of all time".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424003536/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 April 2013|title=100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref>
''Sankarabharanam'' won the ''Prize of the Public'' at the "[[Besançon]] Film Festival of [[France]]" in the year 1981.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/88_29thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=K. Viswanath Film craft Page 6 DFF|access-date=2013-01-01}}</ref> It was screened at the [[8th International Film Festival of India]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=8IIFA.pdf |title=8th IFFI Archived copy |access-date=2018-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101233112/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=8IIFA.pdf |archive-date=2018-01-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the [[Tashkent]] Film Festival, the [[Asia Pacific Film Festival]], the [[Moscow International Film Festival]] held in May 1980,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/141_IPCatalogue1980-81.pdf|title=Filmtsav' 80 |publisher=DFF}}</ref><ref name="idlebrain.com"/> and the [[Annapurna International School of Film and Media|AISFM Film Festival]].<ref>[http://www.aisfm.edu.in/blog/2014/the-films-of-k-viswanath/ The films of K. Viswanath — AISFM Blog<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ''[[Forbes (India)|Forbes]]'' included J. V. Somayajulu's performance in the film on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://forbesindia.com/article/100-years-of-indian-cinema/25-greatest-acting-performances-of-indian-cinema/35125/0|title=25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema|magazine=[[Forbes (India)|Forbes]]|first1=Shishir|last1=Prasad|first2=N. S.|last2=Ramnath|first3=Sohini|last3=Mitter|date=27 April 2013 |access-date = 27 January 2015}}</ref> In 2013, in an online poll conducted by ''[[CNN-IBN]]'' on their website as part of the hundred years celebration of [[Indian cinema]], ''Sankarabharanam'' came eleventh in the poll for finding the "greatest Indian film ever."<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424003536/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 April 2013|title=100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref>


''Sankarabharanam'' opened to near-empty halls and by the end of the first week, all theaters were houseful for every show. It had an extraordinary run, running for more than 25weeks in many centers. Released in Bangalore without dubbing it ran for a year, having won four [[National Film Awards]] including the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Film with Mass Appeal, Wholesome Entertainment & Aesthetic Values]], the first for a ''South-Indian'' film at the [[27th National Film Awards]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Careers Digest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=44vNAAAAMAAJ|access-date=3 September 2013|year=1980|page=396}}</ref> and seven state [[Nandi Awards]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Film World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WHpTAAAAYAAJ|access-date=3 September 2013|year=1980|publisher=T.M. Ramachandran|page=217}}</ref> It was later dubbed into Tamil and Malayalam under the same title.<ref>name="idlebrain.com"</ref>
''Sankarabharanam'' opened to near-empty halls and by the end of the first week, all theaters were houseful for every show. It had an extraordinary run, running for more than 25 weeks in many centers. Released in Bangalore without dubbing it ran for a year. It won four [[National Film Awards]] including the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Film with Mass Appeal, Wholesome Entertainment & Aesthetic Values]], the first for a ''South-Indian'' film at the [[27th National Film Awards]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Careers Digest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=44vNAAAAMAAJ|access-date=3 September 2013|year=1980|page=396}}</ref> and seven state [[Nandi Awards]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Film World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WHpTAAAAYAAJ|access-date=3 September 2013|year=1980|publisher=T.M. Ramachandran|page=217}}</ref> It was later dubbed into Tamil and Malayalam under the same title.<ref>name="idlebrain.com"</ref> The Malayalam dub went on to run for over an year in theatres.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=10 Malayalam Movies Which Ran For Successfully For Many Days |url=https://nettv4u.com/entertainment/malayalam/article/top-10-longest-running-malayalam-movies |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=nettv4u |language=en}}</ref> Viswanath subsequently directed the [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]] remake ''[[Sur Sangam]]''.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com"/>


==Plot==
==Plot==
Sankara Sastri, a widower with a daughter named Sarada, is one of the most popular [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] singers of the day, famed for having mastered the [[raga]] ''[[Sankarabharanam (raga)|Sankarabharanam]]''. Tulasi is the daughter of a ''[[devadasi]]'', who admires Sastri from afar. Once, when Sastri came to their town on tour, Tulasi met him on the riverbank when Sastri was teaching his own daughter.


Sankara Sastri is a very popular [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] singer. He is a widower with a daughter named Sarada. People come in huge numbers to listen to his voice and consider him to be a great man. He has mastered the [[raga]] ''[[Sankarabharanam (raga)|Shankarabharanam]]'' and hence is eponymous with the same. Tulasi is a bonded woman's daughter who has a great interest in music and dance. She is also an admirer of Sastri, and goes to the riverbank in the early mornings when Sastri teaches music to his own daughter.
One morning Tulasi was so thrilled by Sastri's singing that she begins dancing on the riverbank, oblivious of her surroundings. Sastri sees her, and Tulasi also comes to her senses and abruptly stops. She expects Sastri to rebuke her. But he appreciates her sincerity and continues singing.


One morning Tulasi is so thrilled by Sastri's singing that she begins dancing on the riverbank, oblivious of her surroundings. Sastri sees her, and Tulasi also comes to her senses and abruptly stops. She expects Sastri to rebuke her. But he appreciates her sincerity and continues singing.
Tulasi's mother wants her to follow in the family tradition of becoming a courtesan, believes she can extract a high price for Tulasi from a rich man. Once the deal was struck, the man raped Tulasi. Seeing a photo of Sastri in Tulasi's room, he breaks it and taunts her by saying that she is now free to be the old Sastri's mistress. The enraged Tulasi stabs her rapist with a shard of glass from the broken frame of Sastri's photo, killing him.


Tulasi's mother wants her to follow in her family's tradition of becoming a prostitute and one day she extracts a high price for Tulasi from a rich man. The man goes on to rape Tulasi. The man sees a photo of Sastri in Tulasi's room. He breaks it and taunts her by saying that now she can become the old Sastri's mistress. This enrages Tulasi. She takes a shard of glass from the broken frame of Sastri's photo and stabs the client to death.
At the subsequent murder trial Sastri engages a close friend, a lawyer, to defend Tulasi. Tulasi's mother is sent to jail for engaging in prostitution, while Tulasi goes free but finds herself homeless. When Sastri takes Tulasi to his own house, the rumour spreads that Tulasi has become Sastri's mistress. Engaged to sing at a temple, everyone, including Sastri's musical accompanists, leaves on seeing Tulasi. Feeling responsible for this public insult to the man she reveres, Tulasi leaves Sastri's home.


A murder trial ensues. Sastri tries to save Tulasi by consulting his lawyer brother, who wins the case in Tulasi's favor. Tulasi's mother is sent to jail for engaging in prostitution, while Tulasi is a free but homeless woman. Sastri brings Tulasi to his home. People assume that Tulasi has become Sastri's mistress and start avoiding him. Even Sastri's maid and musical accompanists leave him. Tulasi feels responsible for all this and leaves Sastri's home.
Over time, while [[pop music]] is on the ascendant, the popularity of classical music wanes, Sastri loses his audience and, with them his comfortable lifestyle. Ten years later, Sastri is living in a small house with his daughter, who has grown into adulthood. Meanwhile, Tulasi has inherited her mother's property after her mother's demise.


Over time the popularity of classical music wanes, while [[pop music]] is on the ascendant. Sastri loses his loyal audience and, with it, his comfortable lifestyle. Ten years later, Sastri is living in a small house with his now-grown daughter. Meanwhile, Tulasi has inherited her mother's property which was under litigation. She wants to help the struggling Sastri anonymously. Tulasi has a ten-year-old son, a result of her rape, and wishes her son to become Sastri's student. Tulasi gets her son to pretend to be homeless and enter Sastri's household as a servant. Things go according to plan. Tulasi is content to watch from a distance as her son gradually becomes a part of Sastri's household and eventually, his musical protegee.
Tulasi has a ten-year-old son, the result of her rape, and desires that he become Sastri's student. Tulasi gets her son to pretend to be homeless, entering Sastri's household as a servant. Tulasi is content to watch from a distance as her son gradually becomes Sastri's musical protege.


Pamulaparti Venkata Kameswara Rao, a [[Amateur|dilettante]] Brahmin boy, falls in love with Sarada. Although Sastri rejects the alliance at first, he later agrees after learning of the man's interest in classical music. Tulasi then arranges for a concert on the day of Sarada's wedding,in a new music hall which she built with the name of Shankara Sastry, where Sastri finds his lost audience has returned to hear his voice. Sastri sings at the concert but suffers a heart attack part-way through it. Then his disciple, Tulasi's son, takes over from the sidelines and continues singing the song. As Sastri watches his student with pride, he also sees Tulasi at the side of the hall and realizes that the boy is Tulasi's son. A doctor is brought to attend to Sastri, but Sastri waves him off, knowing that his end is near. As Tulasi's son completes the song, Sastri symbolically anoints the boy as heir to his music,by giving his "Abharanam" (his hand bracelet) then dies. Tulasi comes running to her guru and falls down at his feet. She too dies from the shock of Sastri's death. The film ends on this tragic but uplifting note, as Sastri's newly-wed daughter and son-in-law take charge of Tulasi's son.
Pamulaparti Venkata Kameswara Rao, a schoolteacher by profession but a [[Amateur|dilettante]] singer at heart, falls in love with Sarada. Although Sastri rejects the alliance at first, he agrees after hearing the man sing at the village temple.
 
Tulasi arranges for a concert on the day of Sarada's wedding, in a new auditorium which she named for her mentor. Sastri sings at the concert but suffers a heart attack part-way through it. His disciple, Tulasi's son, takes over from the sidelines and continues singing the song.
 
As Sastri watches his student with pride, he also sees Tulasi at the side of the hall and realizes that the boy is Tulasi's son. A doctor is brought to attend to Sastri, but Sastri waves him off, knowing that his end is near. As Tulasi's son completes the song, Sastri symbolically anoints the boy as his musical heir by giving his "aabharanam" (his leg bracelet) to him and dies. Tulasi comes running to her ''guru'', and dies at his feet. The film ends on this tragic but uplifting note, as Sastri's newly-wed daughter and son-in-law take charge of Tulasi's son.


==Cast==
==Cast==
{{col-begin}}{{col 2}}
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
* [[J. V. Somayajulu]] as 'Sankarabharanam' Sankara Sastry
* [[J. V. Somayajulu]] as 'Sankarabharanam' Sankara Sastry
* [[Manju Bhargavi]] as Tulasi
* [[Manju Bhargavi]] as Tulasi
* [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]] as Kameswara Rao
* [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]] as Kameswara Rao
* [[Rajalakshmi (actress)|Rajyalakshmi]] as Sarada
* [[Rajalakshmi (actress)|Rajyalakshmi Chendu]] as Sarada
* [[Tulasi (actress)|Tulasi]] as Sankaram
* [[Tulasi (actress)|Tulasi]] as Sankaram
* [[Allu Ramalingaiah]] as Madhava
* [[Allu Ramalingaiah]] as Madhava
Line 55: Line 60:
* Jith Mohan Mitra as Dasu
* Jith Mohan Mitra as Dasu
* ''Baby'' Varalakshmi as Young Sarada
* ''Baby'' Varalakshmi as Young Sarada
{{col 2}}
* Jhansi as Ratna Papa
* Jhansi as Ratna Papa
* Pushpa Kumari
* Pushpa Kumari
Line 64: Line 68:
* Srigopal
* Srigopal
* Ganeswara Rao
* Ganeswara Rao
{{col-end}}
{{div col end}}


==Production==
==Production==
===Development===
===Development===
After hearing the plot, the producers were initially taken aback due to the [[parallel cinema]] tone to the subject matter, but finally [[Edida Nageswara Rao]] agreed to produce the film. He wanted [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] to enact the role of Sankara Sastry, [[K. Viswanath]] wanted [[Sivaji Ganesan]] to perform the role, but couldn't approach him for various reasons and also wanted [[Krishnam Raju]] for the role, but later refused as Viswanath felt his image as a star would ruin the role and he chose a debutant [[J. V. Somayajulu]], a stage artist for the role.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/Original-choice-Sankarabharanam|title=Original choice for Sankarabharanam?|last=admin|date=8 September 2014|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref>
After hearing the plot, the producers were initially taken aback due to the [[parallel cinema]] tone to the subject matter, but finally [[Edida Nageswara Rao]] agreed to produce the film. He wanted [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] to enact the role of Sankara Sastry, [[K. Viswanath]] wanted [[Sivaji Ganesan]] to perform the role, but couldn't approach him for various reasons and also wanted [[Krishnam Raju]] for the role, but later refused as Viswanath felt his image as a star would ruin the role and he chose a debutant [[J. V. Somayajulu]], a stage artist for the role.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/Original-choice-Sankarabharanam|title=Original choice for Sankarabharanam?|last=admin|date=8 September 2014|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref> [[K. Viswanath]] scripted and directed the film, while [[Jandhyala]] gave the dialogues. [[Balu Mahendra]] performed the [[cinematography]] while the film is edited by G. G. Krishna Rao. [[Thota Tharani]] worked as the film's [[production designer]]. [[Vamsy]], who went on to direct films like ''[[Sitaara]]'', ''[[Anveshana]]'' and ''[[Ladies Tailor (1985 film)|Ladies Tailor]]'' was one of the assistant directors in the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/lessons-in-direction/article7642344.ece|title=Lessons in direction|first=B. Madhu|last=Gopal|date=11 September 2015|access-date=14 September 2016|via=The Hindu}}</ref>
 
=== Filming ===
The film was primarily shot in and around the city of [[Rajahmundry]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>[https://www.iqlikmovies.com/news/article/2015/02/19/sankarabharanam-movie-completes-35-years/7612 ''Sankarabharanam 35 Years Event'', 2015]</ref>
 
==Soundtrack==
The music, largely [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] based, was composed by [[K.V. Mahadevan]]. [[M. Balamuralikrishna]] was the original choice for the male playback singer, due to the heavy classical content of the compositions. Since M. Balamuralikrishna was not so much inclined to sing in the movie, K. V. Mahadevan, having faith in the mettle of [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], insisted on him taking up this challenge. The soundtrack has lyrics by [[Veturi]] and vocals by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[S. Janaki]], [[Vani Jayaram]], [[S.P. Sailaja]], Madhavapeddi Ramesh, Jit Mohan Mitra, and Pattabhi.
 
{{Tracklist
| collapsed =
| headline = Songs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/sankarabharanam-a0002322|title=Sankarabharanam songs|website=[[Raaga.com]]|access-date=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120231/http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/sankarabharanam-a0002322|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref>
| extra_column = Playback
| all_music = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| title1 = [[Broche Varevaru Ra|Brochevarevarura]]
| lyrics1 = [[Mysore Vasudevachar]]
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jayaram]]
| title2 = Dorakunaa Ituvanti Seva
| lyrics2 = [[Veturi]]
| extra2 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram
| title3 = Manasa Sancharare
| lyrics3 = [[Sadasiva Brahmendra]]
| extra3 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram
| title4 = Maanikya Veena
| note4 = Poem
| lyrics4 = [[Kālidāsa|Mahakavi Kalidasu]]
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title5 = Omkaara Naadaanusandhanamou
| lyrics5 = Veturi
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[S. Janaki]]
| title6 = [[Paluke Bangaaramaayena]]
| lyrics6 = [[Bhadrachala Ramadasu]]
| extra6 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram
| title7 = Raagam Taanam Pallavi
| lyrics7 = Veturi
| extra7 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title8 = Sankaraa Naadasareeraparaa
| lyrics8 = Veturi
| extra8 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title9 = Saamajavaragamana
| lyrics9 = [[Thyagaraja]], Veturi
| extra9 = S. Janaki, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title10 = Ey Teeruga Nanu
| lyrics10 = Bhadrachala Ramadasu
| extra10 = Vani Jayaram
}}
 
==Release and reception==
Released on 2 February 1980, the film was released in only a very few theatres and opened to almost empty halls. However, in a week through positive reviews and word of mouth theatres were packed.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_gudipoodi.html|title=Telugu Cinema Etc - Idlebrain.com|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref> The film had 216-day run at Royal theatre, [[Hyderabad]]. The film was dubbed into [[Malayalam]] and released in New Theatre, [[Thiruvananthapuram]] and Kavitha Theatre, [[Ernakulam]] on 12 September 1980, where it ran successfully for over 200 days.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ശങ്കരാഭരണം |url=https://m3db.com/film/sankarabharanam |access-date=2022-12-13 |website=M3DB |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> It is considered a cult classic in Telugu cinema especially due to the use of carnatic music that is more true to the classical form than for film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinegoer.com/alltimelongrun.htm|title=CineGoer.com - Box-Office Records And Collections - All Time Long Run List|access-date=14 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515123606/http://www.cinegoer.com/alltimelongrun.htm|archive-date=15 May 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


[[K. Viswanath]] scripted and directed the film, while [[Jandhyala]] gave the dialogues. [[Balu Mahendra]] performed the [[cinematography]] while the film is edited by G. G. Krishna Rao. [[Thota Tharani]] worked as the film's [[production designer]]. [[Vamsy]], who went on to direct films like ''[[Sitaara]]'', ''[[Anveshana]]'' and ''[[Ladies Tailor (1985 film)|Ladies Tailor]]'' was one of the assistant directors in the film.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/lessons-in-direction/article7642344.ece|title=Lessons in direction|first=B. Madhu|last=Gopal|date=11 September 2015|access-date=14 September 2016|via=The Hindu}}</ref>
==Accolades==


=== Principal photography ===
=== International recognition ===
The film was primarily shot in and around the city of [[Rajahmundry]] in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>[https://www.iqlikmovies.com/news/article/2015/02/19/sankarabharanam-movie-completes-35-years/7612 ''Sankarabharanam 35 Years Event'', 2015]</ref>
* The film won the ''Prize of the Public'' at the "[[Besançon]] Film Festival of [[France]]" in the year 1981.<ref name=":0" />
* On the centenary of Indian cinema in 2013, ''[[Forbes (India)|Forbes]]'' included J. V. Somayajulu's performance in the film on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".<ref name=":1" />
* In 2013, in an online poll conducted by ''[[CNN-IBN]]'' on their website as part of the hundred years celebration of [[Indian cinema]], ''Sankarabharanam'' came eleventh in the poll for finding the "greatest Indian film ever."<ref name=":2" />


==Awards==
=== National recognition ===
{{awards table}}
The film won four [[National Film Awards]], primarily in the Music categories. This makes ''Sankarabharanam'' the only Telugu film to win four National Film Awards at the time. The film is one of the three Telugu films to win the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]. The film also won seven [[Nandi Awards]], including the [[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film]]. Four of the seven Nandi Awards are from the Music categories.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
|-
| rowspan="14"|1980
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Award
| [[Edida Nageswara Rao]]
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Category
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Nominee(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Result
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | [[National Film Awards|'''National Film Awards''']]
| [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]
| [[Edida Nageswara Rao]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]]
| [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]]
| [[Vani Jayaram]]
| [[Vani Jayaram]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[Edida Nageswara Rao]]
! scope="row" rowspan="1" | [[Filmfare Awards South|'''Filmfare Awards South''']]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film]] - Golden Nandi
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu]]
| [[J. V. Somayajulu]]
| {{won}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="7" | [[Nandi Awards|'''Nandi Awards''']]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film]]
| [[Edida Nageswara Rao]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[Nandi Award for Best Story Writer|Nandi Award for Second Best Story Writer]]
| [[K. Viswanath]]
| [[K. Viswanath]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Story Writer|Nandi Award for Second Best Story Writer]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf|title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008)|trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008)|publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]]|access-date=21 August 2020}}(in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref>
|-
|-
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer]]
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[Vani Jayaram]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer]]
| [[Vani Jayaram]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Music Director]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Music Director]]
| [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[Veturi Sundararama Murthy]]<br>("Sankara Naada Sareerapara")
| [[Nandi Award for Best Lyricist]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Lyricist]]
| [[Veturi]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[Tulasi (actress)|Tulasi]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Child Actress]]
| [[Nandi Award for Best Child Actress]]
| [[Tulasi]]
| {{won}}
| {{won}}
|-
|-
| [[J. V. Somayajulu]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor&nbsp;– Telugu]]
| {{won}}
|}
|}
==Soundtrack==
The music, largely [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] based, was composed by [[K.V. Mahadevan]].
[[M. Balamuralikrishna]] was the original choice for the male playback singer, due to the heavy classical content of the compositions. Since [[M. Balamuralikrishna]] was not so much inclined to sing in the movie, K. V. Mahadevan, having faith in the mettle of [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], insisted on him taking up this challenge. The soundtrack has lyrics by [[Veturi Sundararama Murthy]] and vocals by [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]], [[Vani Jayaram]], [[S.P. Sailaja]], Madhavapeddi Ramesh, Jit Mohan Mitra, and Pattabhi.
{{Tracklist
| collapsed      =
| headline        = Songs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/sankarabharanam-a0002322|title=Sankarabharanam songs|publisher=[[Raaga.com]]|access-date=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006120231/http://play.raaga.com/telugu/album/sankarabharanam-a0002322|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref>
| extra_column    = Playback
| all_music      = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| title1  = [[Broche Varevaru Ra]]
| lyrics1 = [[Mysore Vasudevachar]]
| extra1  = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jayaram]]
| title2  = Dorakunaa Ituvanti Seva
| lyrics2 = [[Veturi Sundararama Murthy]]
| extra2  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam. Vani Jayaram
| title3  = Manasa Sancharare
| lyrics3 = [[Sadasiva Brahmendra]]
| extra3  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram
| title4  = Maanikya Veena
| note4  = Poem
| lyrics4 = [[Kālidāsa|Mahakavi Kalidasu]]
| extra4  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title5  = Omkaara Naadaanusandhanam
| lyrics5 = [[Veturi Sundararama Murthy]]
| extra5  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[S. Janaki]]
| title6  =  [[Paluke Bangaaramaayena]]
| lyrics6 = [[Bhadrachala Ramadasu]]
| extra6  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram
| title7  = Raagam Taanam Pallavi
| lyrics7 = Veturi Sundararama Murthy
| extra7  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title8  = Sankaraa Naadasareeraparaa
| lyrics8 = Veturi Sundararama Murthy
| extra8  = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title9  = Saamaja Varagamana
| lyrics9 = Thyagaraja
| extra9  = S. Janaki, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| title10  = Ye Teeruga Nanu
| lyrics10 = Bhadrachala Ramadasu
| extra10  = Vani Jayaram
}}
==Release and reception==
Released on 2 February 1980, the film was released in only a very few theatres and opened to almost empty halls.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_gudipoodi.html|title=Telugu Cinema Etc - Idlebrain.com|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref> The film had 216-day run at Royal theatre, [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinegoer.com/alltimelongrun.htm|title=CineGoer.com - Box-Office Records And Collections - All Time Long Run List|access-date=14 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515123606/http://www.cinegoer.com/alltimelongrun.htm|archive-date=15 May 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
It is considered a cult classic especially due to the use of carnatic music that is more true to the classical form than for film.


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
The success of this film triggered a sequence of classical films in Telugu, including ''[[Tyagayya (1981 film)|Tyagayya]]'' (by [[Bapu (director)|Bapu]]), ''[[Meghasandesam]]'' (by Dasari N. Rao), and Viswanath's own follow-ups: ''[[Saptapadi (1981 film)|Saptapadi]]'', ''[[Saagara Sangamam]]'', ''[[Shrutilayalu|Sruthi Layalu]]'', ''[[Swarna Kamalam]]'', ''[[Swayam Krushi]]'', ''[[Sirivennela]]'', and ''[[Swati Kiranam]]''.<ref name="idlebrain.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/nosta/sankarabharanam.html|title=Telugu Cinema Nostalgia - Sankara Bharanam - JV Somayajulu, Manju Bhargavi and K Vishwanath|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref> [[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]], the Telugu playback singer who rendered all the songs of Sastri's character, has often said this movie was the highlight of his career. It got 'SPB' his first National Award, and made him a household name across all of South India. Film critic Gudipoodi Srihari called it as the best Telugu film he has seen after ''[[Mayabazar]]''.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com"/> Viswanath later remade the film in Hindi as ''[[Sur Sangam]]''.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com"/>
The success of this film triggered a sequence of classical films in Telugu, including ''[[Tyagayya (1981 film)|Tyagayya]]'' (by [[Bapu (director)|Bapu]]), ''[[Meghasandesam]]'' (by Dasari N. Rao), and Viswanath's own follow-ups: ''[[Saptapadi (1981 film)|Saptapadi]]'', ''[[Saagara Sangamam]]'', ''[[Shrutilayalu|Sruthi Layalu]]'', ''[[Swarna Kamalam]]'', ''[[Swayam Krushi]]'', ''[[Sirivennela]]'', and ''[[Swati Kiranam]]''.<ref name="idlebrain.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/nosta/sankarabharanam.html|title=Telugu Cinema Nostalgia - Sankara Bharanam - JV Somayajulu, Manju Bhargavi and K Vishwanath|access-date=14 September 2016}}</ref> [[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]], the Telugu playback singer who rendered all the songs of Sastri's character, has often said this movie was the highlight of his career. It got 'SPB' his first National Award, and made him a household name across all of South India. Film critic Gudipoodi Srihari called it the best Telugu film he has seen after ''[[Mayabazar]]''.<ref name="Telugu Cinema Etc&nbsp;— Idlebrain.com"/>


==References==
==References==
Line 199: Line 206:
{{Jandhyala Subramanya Sastry}}
{{Jandhyala Subramanya Sastry}}


[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:1980s Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Viswanath]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Viswanath]]
[[Category:Social realism in film]]
[[Category:Social realism in film]]

Latest revision as of 11:01, 15 December 2022

Sankarabharanam
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Film poster
Directed byK. Viswanath
Produced byEdida Nageswara Rao
Aakasam Sriramulu
Written byK. Viswanath
Dialogue byJandhyala
StarringJ.V. Somayajulu
Manju Bhargavi
Chandra Mohan
Music byK. V. Mahadevan
CinematographyBalu Mahendra
Edited byG. G. Krishna Rao
Distributed byPoornodaya Movie Creations
Release date
  • 2 February 1980 (1980-02-02)
Running time
143 minutes[1]
CountryIndia
LanguageTelugu

Sankarabharanam (transl. The jewel of Sankara) is a 1980 Indian Telugu-language musical drama film written and directed by K. Viswanath. Produced by Edida Nageswara Rao under the production company Poornodaya Movie Creations, Sankarabharanam starred J. V. Somayajulu, Manju Bhargavi, Chandra Mohan, and Rajyalakshmi. The soundtrack was composed by K. V. Mahadevan and remained a chartbuster. The film throws light on the chasm between Classical and Western Music based on the perspective of people from two different generations.

Sankarabharanam won the Prize of the Public at the "Besançon Film Festival of France" in the year 1981.[2] It was screened at the 8th International Film Festival of India,[3] the Tashkent Film Festival, the Asia Pacific Film Festival, the Moscow International Film Festival held in May 1980,[4][5] and the AISFM Film Festival.[6] Forbes included J. V. Somayajulu's performance in the film on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".[7] In 2013, in an online poll conducted by CNN-IBN on their website as part of the hundred years celebration of Indian cinema, Sankarabharanam came eleventh in the poll for finding the "greatest Indian film ever."[8]

Sankarabharanam opened to near-empty halls and by the end of the first week, all theaters were houseful for every show. It had an extraordinary run, running for more than 25 weeks in many centers. Released in Bangalore without dubbing it ran for a year. It won four National Film Awards including the Best Film with Mass Appeal, Wholesome Entertainment & Aesthetic Values, the first for a South-Indian film at the 27th National Film Awards,[9] and seven state Nandi Awards.[10] It was later dubbed into Tamil and Malayalam under the same title.[11] The Malayalam dub went on to run for over an year in theatres.[12] Viswanath subsequently directed the Hindi remake Sur Sangam.[13]

Plot[edit | edit source]

Sankara Sastri, a widower with a daughter named Sarada, is one of the most popular Carnatic singers of the day, famed for having mastered the raga Sankarabharanam. Tulasi is the daughter of a devadasi, who admires Sastri from afar. Once, when Sastri came to their town on tour, Tulasi met him on the riverbank when Sastri was teaching his own daughter.

One morning Tulasi was so thrilled by Sastri's singing that she begins dancing on the riverbank, oblivious of her surroundings. Sastri sees her, and Tulasi also comes to her senses and abruptly stops. She expects Sastri to rebuke her. But he appreciates her sincerity and continues singing.

Tulasi's mother wants her to follow in the family tradition of becoming a courtesan, believes she can extract a high price for Tulasi from a rich man. Once the deal was struck, the man raped Tulasi. Seeing a photo of Sastri in Tulasi's room, he breaks it and taunts her by saying that she is now free to be the old Sastri's mistress. The enraged Tulasi stabs her rapist with a shard of glass from the broken frame of Sastri's photo, killing him.

At the subsequent murder trial Sastri engages a close friend, a lawyer, to defend Tulasi. Tulasi's mother is sent to jail for engaging in prostitution, while Tulasi goes free but finds herself homeless. When Sastri takes Tulasi to his own house, the rumour spreads that Tulasi has become Sastri's mistress. Engaged to sing at a temple, everyone, including Sastri's musical accompanists, leaves on seeing Tulasi. Feeling responsible for this public insult to the man she reveres, Tulasi leaves Sastri's home.

Over time, while pop music is on the ascendant, the popularity of classical music wanes, Sastri loses his audience and, with them his comfortable lifestyle. Ten years later, Sastri is living in a small house with his daughter, who has grown into adulthood. Meanwhile, Tulasi has inherited her mother's property after her mother's demise.

Tulasi has a ten-year-old son, the result of her rape, and desires that he become Sastri's student. Tulasi gets her son to pretend to be homeless, entering Sastri's household as a servant. Tulasi is content to watch from a distance as her son gradually becomes Sastri's musical protege.

Pamulaparti Venkata Kameswara Rao, a schoolteacher by profession but a dilettante singer at heart, falls in love with Sarada. Although Sastri rejects the alliance at first, he agrees after hearing the man sing at the village temple.

Tulasi arranges for a concert on the day of Sarada's wedding, in a new auditorium which she named for her mentor. Sastri sings at the concert but suffers a heart attack part-way through it. His disciple, Tulasi's son, takes over from the sidelines and continues singing the song.

As Sastri watches his student with pride, he also sees Tulasi at the side of the hall and realizes that the boy is Tulasi's son. A doctor is brought to attend to Sastri, but Sastri waves him off, knowing that his end is near. As Tulasi's son completes the song, Sastri symbolically anoints the boy as his musical heir by giving his "aabharanam" (his leg bracelet) to him and dies. Tulasi comes running to her guru, and dies at his feet. The film ends on this tragic but uplifting note, as Sastri's newly-wed daughter and son-in-law take charge of Tulasi's son.

Cast[edit | edit source]

Production[edit | edit source]

Development[edit | edit source]

After hearing the plot, the producers were initially taken aback due to the parallel cinema tone to the subject matter, but finally Edida Nageswara Rao agreed to produce the film. He wanted Akkineni Nageswara Rao to enact the role of Sankara Sastry, K. Viswanath wanted Sivaji Ganesan to perform the role, but couldn't approach him for various reasons and also wanted Krishnam Raju for the role, but later refused as Viswanath felt his image as a star would ruin the role and he chose a debutant J. V. Somayajulu, a stage artist for the role.[14] K. Viswanath scripted and directed the film, while Jandhyala gave the dialogues. Balu Mahendra performed the cinematography while the film is edited by G. G. Krishna Rao. Thota Tharani worked as the film's production designer. Vamsy, who went on to direct films like Sitaara, Anveshana and Ladies Tailor was one of the assistant directors in the film.[15]

Filming[edit | edit source]

The film was primarily shot in and around the city of Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh.[16]

Soundtrack[edit | edit source]

The music, largely Carnatic based, was composed by K.V. Mahadevan. M. Balamuralikrishna was the original choice for the male playback singer, due to the heavy classical content of the compositions. Since M. Balamuralikrishna was not so much inclined to sing in the movie, K. V. Mahadevan, having faith in the mettle of S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, insisted on him taking up this challenge. The soundtrack has lyrics by Veturi and vocals by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki, Vani Jayaram, S.P. Sailaja, Madhavapeddi Ramesh, Jit Mohan Mitra, and Pattabhi.

All music composed by K. V. Mahadevan.

Songs[17]
No. TitlePlayback Length
1. "Brochevarevarura"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram  
2. "Dorakunaa Ituvanti Seva"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram  
3. "Manasa Sancharare"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram  
4. "Maanikya Veena" (Poem)S. P. Balasubrahmanyam  
5. "Omkaara Naadaanusandhanamou"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki  
6. "Paluke Bangaaramaayena"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Vani Jayaram  
7. "Raagam Taanam Pallavi"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam  
8. "Sankaraa Naadasareeraparaa"  S. P. Balasubrahmanyam  
9. "Saamajavaragamana"  S. Janaki, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam  
10. "Ey Teeruga Nanu"  Vani Jayaram  

Release and reception[edit | edit source]

Released on 2 February 1980, the film was released in only a very few theatres and opened to almost empty halls. However, in a week through positive reviews and word of mouth theatres were packed.[13] The film had 216-day run at Royal theatre, Hyderabad. The film was dubbed into Malayalam and released in New Theatre, Thiruvananthapuram and Kavitha Theatre, Ernakulam on 12 September 1980, where it ran successfully for over 200 days.[18][12] It is considered a cult classic in Telugu cinema especially due to the use of carnatic music that is more true to the classical form than for film.[19]

Accolades[edit | edit source]

International recognition[edit | edit source]

  • The film won the Prize of the Public at the "Besançon Film Festival of France" in the year 1981.[2]
  • On the centenary of Indian cinema in 2013, Forbes included J. V. Somayajulu's performance in the film on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".[7]
  • In 2013, in an online poll conducted by CNN-IBN on their website as part of the hundred years celebration of Indian cinema, Sankarabharanam came eleventh in the poll for finding the "greatest Indian film ever."[8]

National recognition[edit | edit source]

The film won four National Film Awards, primarily in the Music categories. This makes Sankarabharanam the only Telugu film to win four National Film Awards at the time. The film is one of the three Telugu films to win the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment. The film also won seven Nandi Awards, including the Nandi Award for Best Feature Film. Four of the seven Nandi Awards are from the Music categories.

Award Category Nominee(s) Result
National Film Awards National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment Edida Nageswara Rao Won
National Film Award for Best Music Direction K. V. Mahadevan Won
National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer S. P. Balasubrahmanyam Won
National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer Vani Jayaram Won
Filmfare Awards South Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu J. V. Somayajulu Won
Nandi Awards Nandi Award for Best Feature Film Edida Nageswara Rao Won
Nandi Award for Second Best Story Writer K. Viswanath Won
Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer S. P. Balasubrahmanyam Won
Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer Vani Jayaram Won
Nandi Award for Best Music Director K. V. Mahadevan Won
Nandi Award for Best Lyricist Veturi Won
Nandi Award for Best Child Actress Tulasi Won

Legacy[edit | edit source]

The success of this film triggered a sequence of classical films in Telugu, including Tyagayya (by Bapu), Meghasandesam (by Dasari N. Rao), and Viswanath's own follow-ups: Saptapadi, Saagara Sangamam, Sruthi Layalu, Swarna Kamalam, Swayam Krushi, Sirivennela, and Swati Kiranam.[5] S.P. Balasubrahmanyam, the Telugu playback singer who rendered all the songs of Sastri's character, has often said this movie was the highlight of his career. It got 'SPB' his first National Award, and made him a household name across all of South India. Film critic Gudipoodi Srihari called it the best Telugu film he has seen after Mayabazar.[13]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Banerjee & Srivastava 1988, p. 158.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "K. Viswanath Film craft Page 6 DFF" (PDF). Retrieved 1 January 2013.
  3. ↑ "8th IFFI Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  4. ↑ "Filmtsav' 80" (PDF). DFF.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Telugu Cinema Nostalgia - Sankara Bharanam - JV Somayajulu, Manju Bhargavi and K Vishwanath". Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  6. ↑ The films of K. Viswanath — AISFM Blog
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Prasad, Shishir; Ramnath, N. S.; Mitter, Sohini (27 April 2013). "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema". Forbes. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time". Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  9. ↑ Careers Digest. 1980. p. 396. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
  10. ↑ Film World. T.M. Ramachandran. 1980. p. 217. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
  11. ↑ name="idlebrain.com"
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "10 Malayalam Movies Which Ran For Successfully For Many Days". nettv4u. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "Telugu Cinema Etc - Idlebrain.com". Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  14. ↑ admin (8 September 2014). "Original choice for Sankarabharanam?". Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  15. ↑ Gopal, B. Madhu (11 September 2015). "Lessons in direction". Retrieved 14 September 2016 – via The Hindu.
  16. ↑ Sankarabharanam 35 Years Event, 2015
  17. ↑ "Sankarabharanam songs". Raaga.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
  18. ↑ "ശങ്കരാഭരണം". M3DB. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  19. ↑ "CineGoer.com - Box-Office Records And Collections - All Time Long Run List". Archived from the original on 15 May 2007. Retrieved 14 September 2016.

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sankarabharanam_(1980_film)&oldid=381727"
Discover more