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Project 75 Alpha: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Indian class | {{Short description|Indian class of nuclear-attack submarines under development}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}} | ||
{{For|conventional submarine programme|Project 75I-class submarine}} | {{For|the conventional-attack submarine programme|Project 75I-class submarine}} | ||
{|{{Infobox ship begin | {|{{Infobox ship begin}} | ||
}} | |||
{{Infobox ship image | {{Infobox ship image | ||
| image = | | image = | ||
| Line 17: | Line 16: | ||
| In commission range = 2030s | | In commission range = 2030s | ||
| Total ships building = | | Total ships building = | ||
| Total ships planned = | | Total ships planned = 6 | ||
| Total ships completed = | | Total ships completed = | ||
| Total ships active = | | Total ships active = | ||
| Total ships laid up = | | Total ships laid up = | ||
| Total ships lost = | | Total ships lost = | ||
| Line 30: | Line 29: | ||
| Header caption = | | Header caption = | ||
| Ship type = [[Nuclear submarine|Nuclear powered]] [[attack submarine]] ([[SSN (hull classification symbol)|SSN]]) | | Ship type = [[Nuclear submarine|Nuclear powered]] [[attack submarine]] ([[SSN (hull classification symbol)|SSN]]) | ||
| Ship displacement = | | Ship displacement = | ||
| Ship length = | | Ship length = | ||
| Ship beam = | | Ship beam = | ||
| Line 39: | Line 38: | ||
| Ship deck clearance = | | Ship deck clearance = | ||
| Ship power = | | Ship power = | ||
| Ship propulsion = | | Ship propulsion = 1 x CLWR-B2 Compact Light-water reactor | ||
190 MW (250,000 hp) | |||
| Ship speed = | | Ship speed = | ||
| Ship range = Unlimited except by food supplies | | Ship range = Unlimited except by food supplies | ||
| Line 48: | Line 49: | ||
| Ship sensors = | | Ship sensors = | ||
| Ship EW = | | Ship EW = | ||
| Ship armament = [[Varunastra (torpedo)|Varunastra]] heavyweight torpedo, [[Nirbhay]] | | Ship armament = [[Varunastra (torpedo)|Varunastra]] heavyweight [[torpedo]], [[Nirbhay]], [[BrahMos]] and [[BrahMos-II]] [[land-attack missile|land-attack]]/[[anti-ship missile|anti-ship]] [[cruise missiles]] | ||
| Ship notes = | | Ship notes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
|} | |} | ||
The Indian Navy aims to procure new [[Nuclear submarine|nuclear-powered]] [[attack submarines]] (SSN) under '''Project 75 Alpha'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Sumit|date=2020-12-04|title=INS Vikrant may be inducted by 2022-23, says ENC Chief|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ins-vikrant-may-be-inducted-by-2022-23-says-enc-chief/article33243875.ece|access-date=2020-12-04|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The [[Government of India]] approved the construction of six of such submarines in February 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-18/news/59268906_1_submarines-frigates-indian-ocean-region |title=Government clears construction of 7 stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered attack submarines |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=18 February 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref> These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and | The Indian Navy aims to procure new [[Nuclear submarine|nuclear-powered]] [[attack submarines]] (SSN) under '''Project 75 Alpha'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Sumit|date=2020-12-04|title=INS Vikrant may be inducted by 2022-23, says ENC Chief|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ins-vikrant-may-be-inducted-by-2022-23-says-enc-chief/article33243875.ece|access-date=2020-12-04|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The [[Government of India]] approved the construction of six of such submarines in February 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-18/news/59268906_1_submarines-frigates-indian-ocean-region |title=Government clears construction of 7 stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered attack submarines |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=18 February 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref> These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and built in India at the Shipbuilding Centre at [[Visakhapatnam]]. The construction is expected to commence on 2023-24 while the first submarine is expected to enter service in 2032. | ||
Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with [[INS Chakra (2011)|INS ''Chakra'']] on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased [[Charlie-class submarine|''Charlie I'']] and [[Akula-class submarine|''Akula II'']]-class submarines.<ref name=natinterest>{{cite magazine|url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/watch-out-china-india-building-6-nuclear-attack-submarines-12276|title=Watch Out, China: India Is Building 6 Nuclear Attack Submarines|magazine=[[The National Interest]]|date=18 February 2015|access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-finalizing-plans-to-order-three-more-Scorpene-submarines/articleshow/50035641.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=2015-12-04}}</ref> | Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with [[INS Chakra (2011)|INS ''Chakra'']] on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased [[Charlie-class submarine|''Charlie I'']] and [[Akula-class submarine|''Akula II'']]-class submarines.<ref name=natinterest>{{cite magazine|url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/watch-out-china-india-building-6-nuclear-attack-submarines-12276|title=Watch Out, China: India Is Building 6 Nuclear Attack Submarines|magazine=[[The National Interest]]|date=18 February 2015|access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-finalizing-plans-to-order-three-more-Scorpene-submarines/articleshow/50035641.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=2015-12-04}}</ref> | ||
==Development== | ==Development== | ||
The program to construct and deploy a fleet of nuclear submarines was envisaged in late 1990s | The program to construct and deploy a fleet of nuclear submarines was first envisaged in late 1990s. Patrolling by [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] ships further fast-tracked [[Future of the Indian Navy|India's naval expansion programs]]. As per the initial plan, first 4 [[Arihant-class submarine|Arihant class submarines]] and later much larger [[S5-class submarine|S5]] class nuclear [[ballistic missile submarine]]s, and 6 nuclear [[attack submarine]]s were planned.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10|title=A peek into India's top secret and costliest defence project, nuclear submarines|last1=Unnithan|first1=Sandeep|date=10 December 2017|work=India Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420153439/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10|archive-date=20 April 2019|language=en}}</ref> | ||
The submarines will be powered by a miniature [[Pressurized water reactor|pressurised water reactor]] (PWR) being developed by the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the [[Arihant-class submarine]] SSBNs.<ref name=natinterest/> | The submarines will be powered by a miniature [[Pressurized water reactor|pressurised water reactor]] (PWR) being developed by the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the [[Arihant-class submarine]] SSBNs.<ref name=natinterest/> | ||
On 24 June 2019, it was reported that {{INRConvert|100|c}} have been allocated for the initial phase of the project. The submarines will be designed by Directorate of Naval Design and the development is expected to continue till 2025. [[Mishra Dhatu Nigam]] is developing a new hull material that is expected to allow the submarine to dive to deeper depths than {{sclass | On 24 June 2019, it was reported that {{INRConvert|100|c}} have been allocated for the initial phase of the project. The submarines will be designed by Directorate of Naval Design and the development is expected to continue till 2025. [[Mishra Dhatu Nigam]] is developing a new hull material that is expected to allow the submarine to dive to deeper depths than {{sclass|Arihant|submarine|4}}. A scaled down model of the submarine is planned to be tested first. The total cost of the project is estimated to be around {{INRConvert|1|lc|lk=on|year=2020}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/work-begins-on-indias-next-gen-nuclear-powered-submarines/articleshow/69921014.cms|title=Work begins on India’s next gen nuclear-powered submarines|last=Pubby|first=Manu|date=2019-06-24|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-07-02|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624164324/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/work-begins-on-indias-next-gen-nuclear-powered-submarines/articleshow/69921014.cms|archive-date=24 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
In February 2020, ''[[The Economic Times]]'' reported that the preliminary design phase of the programme has been successfully completed. The report stated that Submarine Design Group of the Directorate of Naval Design, assisted by the [[DRDO]], will now start working on the detailed design and construction phase of the programme.<ref name="ETfeb2020">{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indias-rs-1-2-l-cr-n-submarine-project-closer-to-realisation/articleshow/74234776.cms|title=India’s Rs 1.2 lakh crore nuclear submarine project closer to realisation|date=2020-02-21|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-02-23}}</ref> | In February 2020, ''[[The Economic Times]]'' reported that the preliminary design phase of the programme has been successfully completed. The report stated that Submarine Design Group of the Directorate of Naval Design, assisted by the [[DRDO]], will now start working on the detailed design and construction phase of the programme.<ref name="ETfeb2020">{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indias-rs-1-2-l-cr-n-submarine-project-closer-to-realisation/articleshow/74234776.cms|title=India’s Rs 1.2 lakh crore nuclear submarine project closer to realisation|date=2020-02-21|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-02-23}}</ref> | ||
The [[Indian Navy]] has | The [[Indian Navy]] has prioritized the construction of Project 75 Alpha submarines over the third aircraft carrier.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gupta|first=Shishir|date=2021-03-24|title=For Navy, 6 nuclear-powered submarines take priority over 3rd aircraft carrier|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/for-navy-6-nuclear-powered-submarines-take-priority-over-3rd-aircraft-carrier-101616564522467.html|newspaper=The Hindustan Times|access-date=2021-04-02}}</ref> | ||
Initially three submarines are planned to undergo construction in 2023-24 while | Initially three submarines are planned to undergo construction in 2023-24 while the remaining three will get clearance later. The first boat is expected to enter service in 2032.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=2021-03-31|title=Project to build N-powered attack subs set to get CCS nod|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/project-to-build-n-powered-attack-subs-set-to-get-ccs-nod/articleshow/81770216.cms|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2021-04-02}}</ref> The ship class will have a final design clearance in Gurugram by Submarine Design Group, its nuclear reactor will be built in [[Kalpakkam]], hull fabrication will take place in [[Hazira]] and finally assembly and sea trials will be undertaken at the ship-building centre (SBC) in [[Visakhapatnam]].<ref name="Sharks">{{Cite news|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=2021-04-17|title=India's nuclear sharks|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20210426-india-s-nuclear-sharks-1791817-2021-04-17|newspaper=India Today|location=New Delhi|access-date=2021-05-21}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 77: | Line 78: | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{ | {{Submarines of the Indian Navy}} | ||
{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}} | {{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}} | ||
{{Current SSN}} | {{Current SSN}} | ||
[[Category:Nuclear-powered submarines]] | |||
[[Category:Submarine classes]] | [[Category:Submarine classes]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Attack submarines]] | ||
[[Category:Submarines of the Indian Navy]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:30, 27 August 2022
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Project 75 Alpha |
| Builders: | Navy Shipbuilding Centre, Visakhapatnam |
| Operators: |
 Indian Navy (Planned) |
| Cost: | ₹1.2 lakh crore (US$14 billion) total cost[1] |
| In commission: | 2030s |
| Planned: | 6 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Nuclear powered attack submarine (SSN) |
| Propulsion: |
1 x CLWR-B2 Compact Light-water reactor 190 MW (250,000 hp) |
| Range: | Unlimited except by food supplies |
| Armament: | Varunastra heavyweight torpedo, Nirbhay, BrahMos and BrahMos-II land-attack/anti-ship cruise missiles |
The Indian Navy aims to procure new nuclear-powered attack submarines (SSN) under Project 75 Alpha.[2] The Government of India approved the construction of six of such submarines in February 2015.[3] These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and built in India at the Shipbuilding Centre at Visakhapatnam. The construction is expected to commence on 2023-24 while the first submarine is expected to enter service in 2032.
Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with INS Chakra on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased Charlie I and Akula II-class submarines.[4][5]
Development[edit]
The program to construct and deploy a fleet of nuclear submarines was first envisaged in late 1990s. Patrolling by People's Liberation Army Navy ships further fast-tracked India's naval expansion programs. As per the initial plan, first 4 Arihant class submarines and later much larger S5 class nuclear ballistic missile submarines, and 6 nuclear attack submarines were planned.[6]
The submarines will be powered by a miniature pressurised water reactor (PWR) being developed by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the Arihant-class submarine SSBNs.[4]
On 24 June 2019, it was reported that ₹100 crore (US$11 million) have been allocated for the initial phase of the project. The submarines will be designed by Directorate of Naval Design and the development is expected to continue till 2025. Mishra Dhatu Nigam is developing a new hull material that is expected to allow the submarine to dive to deeper depths than class. A scaled down model of the submarine is planned to be tested first. The total cost of the project is estimated to be around ₹1 lakh crore (US$11 billion).[7]
In February 2020, The Economic Times reported that the preliminary design phase of the programme has been successfully completed. The report stated that Submarine Design Group of the Directorate of Naval Design, assisted by the DRDO, will now start working on the detailed design and construction phase of the programme.[1]
The Indian Navy has prioritized the construction of Project 75 Alpha submarines over the third aircraft carrier.[8]
Initially three submarines are planned to undergo construction in 2023-24 while the remaining three will get clearance later. The first boat is expected to enter service in 2032.[9] The ship class will have a final design clearance in Gurugram by Submarine Design Group, its nuclear reactor will be built in Kalpakkam, hull fabrication will take place in Hazira and finally assembly and sea trials will be undertaken at the ship-building centre (SBC) in Visakhapatnam.[10]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pubby, Manu (21 February 2020). "India's Rs 1.2 lakh crore nuclear submarine project closer to realisation". The Economic Times. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
- ↑ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (4 December 2020). "INS Vikrant may be inducted by 2022-23, says ENC Chief". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
- ↑ "Government clears construction of 7 stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered attack submarines". The Economic Times. 18 February 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Watch Out, China: India Is Building 6 Nuclear Attack Submarines". The National Interest. 18 February 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
- ↑ "India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
- ↑ Unnithan, Sandeep (10 December 2017). "A peek into India's top secret and costliest defence project, nuclear submarines". India Today. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019.
- ↑ Pubby, Manu (24 June 2019). "Work begins on India's next gen nuclear-powered submarines". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
- ↑ Gupta, Shishir (24 March 2021). "For Navy, 6 nuclear-powered submarines take priority over 3rd aircraft carrier". The Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ Pandit, Rajat (31 March 2021). "Project to build N-powered attack subs set to get CCS nod". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
- ↑ Unnithan, Sandeep (17 April 2021). "India's nuclear sharks". India Today. New Delhi. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
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