Shahid Karimullah: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Pakistani admiral}}
{{short description|Pakistani admiral}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2022}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    = [[Admiral (Pakistan)|Admiral]]
| honorific-prefix    = [[Admiral (Pakistan)|Admiral]]
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==Biography==
==Biography==
===Early life and naval career===
===Early life and naval career===
Shahid Karimullah was born in [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], Pakistan on 14 February 1948 to an [[Urdu speaking|Urdu-speaking]] family who belongs to [[Hyderabad Deccan]] in [[India]] but migrated to Pakistan following [[Partition of India|partition]] of British Indian in 1947.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah -  Biographical Summaries of Notable People - MyHeritage">{{cite web|title=Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage|url=https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10182-633329/shahid-karimullah-in-biographical-summaries-of-notable-people|website=www.myheritage.com|publisher=Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> He comes from a [[military brat|military family]] and his father, [[Lieutenant-Commander]] Muhammad Karimullah also served in the [[Royal Indian Navy]] and later the [[Pakistan Navy]].<ref name="Pakistani defence, 2002">{{cite news|last1=Obaid|first1=CEO|title=Shahid Karimullah Appointed New Chief Of Navel Staff|url=http://www.pakistanidefence.com/news/MonthlyNewsArchive/2002/October2002.htm|access-date=10 January 2017|work=www.pakistanidefence.com|agency=Pakistani defence|issue=2|publisher=Pakistani defence, 2002|date=4 October 2022}}</ref>
Shahid Karimullah was born in [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], Pakistan on 14 February 1948 to an [[Urdu speaking|Urdu-speaking]] family who belongs to [[Hyderabad Deccan]] in [[India]] but migrated to Pakistan following [[Partition of India|partition]] of British Indian in 1947.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah -  Biographical Summaries of Notable People - MyHeritage">{{cite web|title=Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage|url=https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10182-633329/shahid-karimullah-in-biographical-summaries-of-notable-people|website=www.myheritage.com|publisher=Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage|access-date=10 January 2017}}</ref> He comes from a [[military brat|military family]] and his father, [[Lieutenant-Commander]] Muhammad Karimullah also served in the [[Royal Indian Navy]] and later the [[Pakistan Navy]].<ref name="Pakistani defence, 2002">{{cite news|last1=Obaid|first1=CEO|title=Shahid Karimullah Appointed New Chief Of Navel Staff|url=http://www.pakistanidefence.com/news/MonthlyNewsArchive/2002/October2002.htm|access-date=10 January 2017|work=www.pakistanidefence.com|agency=Pakistani defence|issue=2|publisher=Pakistani defence, 2002|date=4 October 2002}}</ref>


After graduating from a local high school in 1963, he was admitted and studied at the famed [[D. J. Sindh Government Science College|D. J. Science College]] before joining the [[Pakistan Navy]] in October 1965.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah">{{cite web|last1=Shahid Karimullah|title=Shahid Karimullah|url=http://www.oldpublicans.com/old_publicans/1963/shahid_karimullah.html|website=www.oldpublicans.com|publisher=Shahid Karimullah|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> He was trained at the [[Pakistan Military Academy]] but later sent to [[United Kingdom]] to attend the [[Royal Navy]]'s [[HMS Mercury (shore establishment)|HMS Mercury]] where he graduated with a communication courses and gained [[Commissioned officer|military commission]] as a [[Midshipman]] in the Navy in October 1968.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|journal=Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2006|date=1 January 2006|volume=3|issue=1–2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YONtAAAAMAAJ&q=shahid+karimullah+long+course|access-date=10 January 2017|publisher=Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs|language=en}}</ref> His [[Service number|S/ No.]] was 1126 issued by the [[Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)|Defence ministry]] and later promoted as [[Sub-Lieutenant]] in the Navy in 1971.<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Gallantry Awardees – PN Officers/CPOs/Sailors « PakDef Military Consortium|url=http://pakdef.org/list-of-gallantry-awardees-pn-officerscpossailors/|website=pakdef.org|access-date=25 January 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810172213/http://pakdef.org/list-of-gallantry-awardees-pn-officerscpossailors/|archive-date=10 August 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>
After graduating from a local high school in 1963, he was admitted and studied at the famed [[D. J. Sindh Government Science College|D. J. Science College]] before joining the [[Pakistan Navy]] in October 1965.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah">{{cite web|last1=Shahid Karimullah|title=Shahid Karimullah|url=http://www.oldpublicans.com/old_publicans/1963/shahid_karimullah.html|website=www.oldpublicans.com|publisher=Shahid Karimullah|access-date=10 January 2017}}</ref> He was trained at the [[Pakistan Military Academy]] but later sent to [[United Kingdom]] to attend the [[Royal Navy]]'s [[HMS Mercury (shore establishment)|HMS Mercury]] where he graduated with a communication courses and gained [[Commissioned officer|military commission]] as a [[Midshipman]] in the Navy in October 1968.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|journal=Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2006|date=1 January 2006|volume=3|issue=1–2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YONtAAAAMAAJ&q=shahid+karimullah+long+course|access-date=10 January 2017|publisher=Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs|language=en}}</ref> His [[Service number|S/ No.]] was 1126 issued by the [[Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)|Defence ministry]] and later promoted as [[Sub-Lieutenant]] in the Navy in 1971.<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Gallantry Awardees – PN Officers/CPOs/Sailors « PakDef Military Consortium|url=http://pakdef.org/list-of-gallantry-awardees-pn-officerscpossailors/|website=pakdef.org|access-date=25 January 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810172213/http://pakdef.org/list-of-gallantry-awardees-pn-officerscpossailors/|archive-date=10 August 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>


In 1971, he was stationed in [[East Pakistan]] and took participation in violent [[Bangladesh Liberation War|civil war]], followed by the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|war with]] India in East.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> He was promoted as [[Lieutenant (naval)|Lieutenant]] and served as commanding officer of [[gunboat]], participating in various operations against the [[Indian Army]] and [[Mukti Bahini]].<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> After the [[Instrument of Surrender (1971)|surrender]] of [[Pakistan Eastern Command|Eastern Command]] was announced, he was subsequently taken [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Prisoners of War Investigation|war prisoner]] and was seriously [[Wounded in action|wounded]].<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>  His gallantry actions won him the [[Sitara-e-Jurat]] which was given to him in 1972, following his repatriation.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> It took him 2 years for his full recovery before resuming his military service.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>
In 1971, he was stationed in [[East Pakistan]] and took participation in violent [[Bangladesh Liberation War|civil war]], followed by the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|war with]] India in East.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> He was promoted as [[Lieutenant (naval)|Lieutenant]] and served as commanding officer of [[gunboat]], participating in various operations against the [[Indian Army]] and [[Mukti Bahini]].<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> After the [[Instrument of Surrender (1971)|surrender]] of [[Pakistan Eastern Command|Eastern Command]] was announced, he was subsequently taken [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Prisoners of War Investigation|war prisoner]] and was seriously [[Wounded in action|wounded]].<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>  His gallantry actions won him the [[Sitara-e-Jurat]] which was given to him in 1972, following his repatriation.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/> It took him 2 years for his full recovery before resuming his military service.<ref name="Shahid Karimullah"/>
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===Chief of Naval Staff===
===Chief of Naval Staff===


In 2002, Vice-Admiral Karimullah was appointed [[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]] and was promoted to [[Four-star rank|four-star]] admiral in the Navy before taking the post.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2002" /> Admiral Karimullah superseded two senior naval officers, Vice-Admiral [[Taj Muhammad Khattak|Taj Khattak]], the [[Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Navy|Vice Chief of Naval Staff (VCNS)]], and Vice-Admiral [[Gul Zaman Malik|G.Z. Malik]], the commander of Submarine fleet– both officers were much senior to him.{{rp|xxx}}<ref name="Author House, Anwar"/> During this time, he engaged in talks with the [[People's Liberation Army Navy|Chinese Navy]] for a technology transfer of building the modern [[F-22P Zulfiquar-class frigate|warships]] in Karachi.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Staff writer|first1=Reporters|title=Pakistan to acquire Chinese battleships|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20021114/world.htm|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Tribune India|agency=Tribune India|issue=1`|publisher=Tribune India, 2002|date=13 November 2022}}</ref>
In 2002, Vice-Admiral Karimullah was appointed [[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]] and was promoted to [[Four-star rank|four-star]] admiral in the Navy before taking the post.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2002" /> Admiral Karimullah superseded two senior naval officers, Vice-Admiral [[Taj Muhammad Khattak|Taj Khattak]], the [[Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Navy|Vice Chief of Naval Staff (VCNS)]], and Vice-Admiral [[Gul Zaman Malik|G.Z. Malik]], the commander of Submarine fleet– both officers were much senior to him.{{rp|xxx}}<ref name="Author House, Anwar"/> During this time, he engaged in talks with the [[People's Liberation Army Navy|Chinese Navy]] for a technology transfer of building the modern [[F-22P Zulfiquar-class frigate|warships]] in Karachi.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Staff writer|first1=Reporters|title=Pakistan to acquire Chinese battleships|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20021114/world.htm|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Tribune India|agency=Tribune India|issue=1`|publisher=Tribune India, 2002|date=13 November 2002}}</ref>


As a response to the [[Agni-I]] missile test in 2002, Admiral Karimullah began advocating for acquiring the [[nuclear navy]] capability but denied of deploying [[nuclear weapons|nuclear arsenals]] on the [[Agosta 90B class submarine|Agosta 90B submarines]].<ref name="NTI Pakistan">{{cite web|last1=NTI Pakistan|first1=NTI Pakistan|title=Pakistan Submarine Capabilities|url=http://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/pakistan-submarine-capabilities/|website=www.nti.org|publisher=NTI Pakistan|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> Admiral Karimullah ambiguously left the option open and quoted to [[News channels in Pakistan|news media]] that it would do so only if "forced to."<ref name="NTI Pakistan"/>
As a response to the [[Agni-I]] missile test in 2002, Admiral Karimullah began advocating for acquiring the [[nuclear navy]] capability but denied of deploying [[nuclear weapons|nuclear arsenals]] on the [[Agosta 90B class submarine|Agosta 90B submarines]].<ref name="NTI Pakistan">{{cite web|last1=NTI Pakistan|first1=NTI Pakistan|title=Pakistan Submarine Capabilities|url=http://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/pakistan-submarine-capabilities/|website=www.nti.org|publisher=NTI Pakistan|access-date=10 January 2017}}</ref> Admiral Karimullah ambiguously left the option open and quoted to [[News channels in Pakistan|news media]] that it would do so only if "forced to."<ref name="NTI Pakistan"/>


In 2003, Admiral Karimullah again secretly pushed for the [[second strike capability]] in the government but publicly reiterated on the issue of nuclear weapons and announced that while no such immediate plans really existed, but he did stressed on the fact Pakistan would not hesitate to take such steps if it felt so compelled.<ref name="Carnegie Endowment for International Peace">{{cite web|last1=Rehman|first1=Iskander|title=Murky Waters: Naval Nuclear Dynamics in the Indian Ocean|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/03/09/murky-waters-naval-nuclear-dynamics-in-indian-ocean-pub-59279|website=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> He remained concerns of expansion of [[Indian Navy]] in the region and continued his secret push for acquiring of the modern weapon systems for the Navy.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2004"/>
In 2003, Admiral Karimullah again secretly pushed for the [[second strike capability]] in the government but publicly reiterated on the issue of nuclear weapons and announced that while no such immediate plans really existed, but he did stressed on the fact Pakistan would not hesitate to take such steps if it felt so compelled.<ref name="Carnegie Endowment for International Peace">{{cite web|last1=Rehman|first1=Iskander|title=Murky Waters: Naval Nuclear Dynamics in the Indian Ocean|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/03/09/murky-waters-naval-nuclear-dynamics-in-indian-ocean-pub-59279|website=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace|access-date=10 January 2017}}</ref> He remained concerns of expansion of [[Indian Navy]] in the region and continued his secret push for acquiring of the modern weapon systems for the Navy.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2004"/>


In 2004, he successfully negotiated with the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] to induct the Navy in the [[Combined Maritime Forces|combined maritime force]] to provide cooperation in regional maritime and security affair.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2004">{{cite news |title=Navy to join US-led coalition plan: Admiral Shahid|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/393443|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=17 April 2022}}</ref> Admiral Shahid Karimullah was notably bypassed by [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Pervez Musharraf]] for the [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|chairmanship]] for the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee]] in October 2004.<ref name="Dawn newspapers, Staff 2004"/> Admiral Karimullah was the most senior-most four-star rank officer in the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|Pakistani military]] and was controversially superseded by the junior-most [[Pakistan Army|army general]], [[Lieutenant-General]] [[Ehsan ul Haq]].<ref name="Dawn newspapers, Staff 2004">{{cite news |title=New JCSC chief, VCOAS appointed|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/397048|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn newspapers |date=3 October 2022}}</ref>
In 2004, he successfully negotiated with the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] to induct the Navy in the [[Combined Maritime Forces|combined maritime force]] to provide cooperation in regional maritime and security affair.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2004">{{cite news |title=Navy to join US-led coalition plan: Admiral Shahid|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/393443|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=17 April 2004}}</ref> Admiral Shahid Karimullah was notably bypassed by [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Pervez Musharraf]] for the [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|chairmanship]] for the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee]] in October 2004.<ref name="Dawn newspapers, Staff 2004"/> Admiral Karimullah was the most senior-most four-star rank officer in the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|Pakistani military]] and was controversially superseded by the junior-most [[Pakistan Army|army general]], [[Lieutenant-General]] [[Ehsan ul Haq]].<ref name="Dawn newspapers, Staff 2004">{{cite news |title=New JCSC chief, VCOAS appointed|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/397048|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn newspapers |date=3 October 2004}}</ref>


In 2005, he began pushing and vigorously lobbying in the government for the extension of Pakistan's seaborne border from 200 to 350 nautical miles for which the claim is to be submitted by May 2009 in accordance with provisions of [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|UN Conventions on Laws of Seas]] of 1982.<ref name="Dawn newspapers, 2005">{{cite news |display-authors=etal |author=War Correspondents|title=Navy seeks extension of continental shelf|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/150439/karachi-navy-seeks-extension-of-continental-shelf|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=2 August 2022}}</ref> It was in 2015 when the borders were extended which pushed Pakistan's area of sea border to 50,000 square kilometres.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pakistan seabed territory grows by 50,000 square kilometres|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1170986|access-date=10 January 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=21 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Musharraf drags former Pakistani top guns into trial|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/392437/archives.php|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Deccan Herald}}</ref>
In 2005, he began pushing and vigorously lobbying in the government for the extension of Pakistan's seaborne border from 200 to 350 nautical miles for which the claim is to be submitted by May 2009 in accordance with provisions of [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|UN Conventions on Laws of Seas]] of 1982.<ref name="Dawn newspapers, 2005">{{cite news |display-authors=etal |author=War Correspondents|title=Navy seeks extension of continental shelf|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/150439/karachi-navy-seeks-extension-of-continental-shelf|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=2 August 2005}}</ref> It was in 2015 when the borders were extended which pushed Pakistan's area of sea border to 50,000 square kilometres.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pakistan seabed territory grows by 50,000 square kilometres|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1170986|access-date=10 January 2017|work=DAWN.COM|date=21 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Musharraf drags former Pakistani top guns into trial|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/392437/archives.php|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Deccan Herald}}</ref>


Admiral Karimullah retired from the Navy in 2005 and handed over the command of the Navy to Admiral [[Afzal Tahir]] who also superseded [[Vice-Admiral]] [[Mohammad Haroon]] by President Musharraf.<ref name="Author House, Anwar" />
Admiral Karimullah retired from the Navy in 2005 and handed over the command of the Navy to Admiral [[Afzal Tahir]] who also superseded [[Vice-Admiral]] [[Mohammad Haroon]] by President Musharraf.<ref name="Author House, Anwar" />
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===Ambassador to Saudi Arabia===
===Ambassador to Saudi Arabia===


Having by-passed as [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|Chairman joint chiefs]] post, President Musharraf announced to appoint Admiral Karimullah for a diplomatic post and appointed him as Pakistan Ambassador to [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name="Arab News, 2006">{{cite news|last1=staff writer|first1=etl.al|title=Karimullah Is Named New Pak Ambassador|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/279597|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Arab News|agency=Arab News|publisher=Arab News, 2006|date=29 January 2022}}</ref> In 2009, he left the post once completing his tenure and returned to [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], Pakistan.<ref name="Dawn newspaper, 2009">{{cite news|title=Dogar may be named ambassador to Saudi Arabia|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/957492/dogar-may-be-named-ambassador-to-saudi-arabia|access-date=10 January 2017|work=DAWN.COM|agency=Dawn newspaper, 2009|publisher=Dawn newspaper, 2009|date=21 March 2022}}</ref>
Having by-passed as [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|Chairman joint chiefs]] post, President Musharraf announced to appoint Admiral Karimullah for a diplomatic post and appointed him as Pakistan Ambassador to [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name="Arab News, 2006">{{cite news|last1=staff writer|first1=etl.al|title=Karimullah Is Named New Pak Ambassador|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/279597|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Arab News|agency=Arab News|publisher=Arab News, 2006|date=29 January 2006}}</ref> In 2009, he left the post once completing his tenure and returned to [[Karachi]], [[Sindh]], Pakistan.<ref name="Dawn newspaper, 2009">{{cite news|title=Dogar may be named ambassador to Saudi Arabia|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/957492/dogar-may-be-named-ambassador-to-saudi-arabia|access-date=10 January 2017|work=DAWN.COM|agency=Dawn newspaper, 2009|publisher=Dawn newspaper, 2009|date=21 March 2009}}</ref>


===Honors and post retirement===
===Honors and post retirement===
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Admiral Karimullah is a recipient of [[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|Nishan-e-Imtiaz (military)]], [[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|Sitara-i-Imtiaz (military)]], and [[Hilal-i-Imtiaz|Hilal-i-Imtiaz (military)]]that were decorated to him during his military service.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2002" />
Admiral Karimullah is a recipient of [[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|Nishan-e-Imtiaz (military)]], [[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|Sitara-i-Imtiaz (military)]], and [[Hilal-i-Imtiaz|Hilal-i-Imtiaz (military)]]that were decorated to him during his military service.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2002" />


He was also decorated with the [[Legion of Merit]] by the [[United States]], presented to him by [[United States Navy|US Navy]]'s [[Chief of Naval Operations|CNO]] Admiral [[Admiral Vern Clark|Vern Clark]] in 2004.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Bivera |first=U. S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny |title=English: Washington, D.C. (July 21, 2004) - Adm. Shahid Karimullah, Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy is presented the Legion of Merit from Adm. Vern Clark, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), for his steadfast support of American-Pakistan cooperation in regional maritime and security affairs, and demonstrated superb resolve and unwavering dedication to the Global War on terrorism. Adm. Karimullah was given a full honors welcome ceremony at Luetze Park, Washington Navy Yard on behalf of his official visit to the United States. U.S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny Bivera. (RELEASED) |date=2004-07-21 |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_040721-N-2383B-066_Adm._Shahid_Karimullah,_Chief_of_Naval_Staff,_Pakistan_Navy_is_presented_the_Legion_of_Merit_from_Adm._Vern_Clark,_Chief_of_Naval_Operations_(CNO).jpg |access-date=2022-04-02}}</ref> In 2005, he was conferred with [[France|French]] [[Legion d'Honneur]] for promoting Pakistan-Franco naval collaboration in various fields at different posts he held during his service career, including induction of French submarines and aircraft in Pakistan Navy.<ref name="dawn newspapers, July 2005">{{cite news |title=Navy, Air chiefs receive highest French award|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/147807|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |issue=1|publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=14 July 2022}}</ref>
He was also decorated with the [[Legion of Merit]] by the [[United States]], presented to him by [[United States Navy|US Navy]]'s [[Chief of Naval Operations|CNO]] Admiral [[Admiral Vern Clark|Vern Clark]] in 2004.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Bivera |first=U. S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny |title=English: Washington, D.C. (July 21, 2004) - Adm. Shahid Karimullah, Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy is presented the Legion of Merit from Adm. Vern Clark, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), for his steadfast support of American-Pakistan cooperation in regional maritime and security affairs, and demonstrated superb resolve and unwavering dedication to the Global War on terrorism. Adm. Karimullah was given a full honors welcome ceremony at Luetze Park, Washington Navy Yard on behalf of his official visit to the United States. U.S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny Bivera. (RELEASED) |date=2004-07-21 |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_040721-N-2383B-066_Adm._Shahid_Karimullah,_Chief_of_Naval_Staff,_Pakistan_Navy_is_presented_the_Legion_of_Merit_from_Adm._Vern_Clark,_Chief_of_Naval_Operations_(CNO).jpg |access-date=2022-04-02}}</ref> In 2005, he was conferred with [[France|French]] [[Legion d'Honneur]] for promoting Pakistan-Franco naval collaboration in various fields at different posts he held during his service career, including induction of French submarines and aircraft in Pakistan Navy.<ref name="dawn newspapers, July 2005">{{cite news |title=Navy, Air chiefs receive highest French award|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/147807|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Dawn.com |issue=1|publisher=Dawn Newspapers |date=14 July 2005}}</ref>


On 21 September 2005, Admiral Karimullah was awarded with the Honorary Malaysian Armed Forces Order for Valor award as a Gallant Commander in acknowledgment of his long meritorious services.<ref name="Pakistan Tribune, 2005">{{cite news|title=Shahid Karimullah conferred with Malaysian gallant commander award|url=http://paktribune.com/news/Shahid-Karimullah-conferred-with-Malaysian-gallant-commander-award-119918.html|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Paktribune|agency=Pakistan Tribune|publisher=Pakistan Tribune, 2005|date=21 September 2022}}</ref>
On 21 September 2005, Admiral Karimullah was awarded with the Honorary Malaysian Armed Forces Order for Valor award as a Gallant Commander in acknowledgment of his long meritorious services.<ref name="Pakistan Tribune, 2005">{{cite news|title=Shahid Karimullah conferred with Malaysian gallant commander award|url=http://paktribune.com/news/Shahid-Karimullah-conferred-with-Malaysian-gallant-commander-award-119918.html|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Paktribune|agency=Pakistan Tribune|publisher=Pakistan Tribune, 2005|date=21 September 2005}}</ref>


After retiring from the [[Foreign Service of Pakistan|foreign service]], he apparently joined the "Progress", a public service [[think tank]], and serves on its advisory board.<ref name="Progress Secretariat">{{cite web|title=Advisory Council|url=http://www.progress.org.pk/advisory-council/|website=www.progress.org.pk|publisher=Progress Secretariat|access-date=10 January 2022}}</ref> He also remained chairman of Karachi Council on Foreign Relations for some time.<ref name="Pakistan Observer, 2016">{{cite news|last1=Khan|first1=Amanullah|title=India played dirty in Bangladesh's creation|url=http://pakobserver.net/india-played-dirty-in-bangladeshs-creation/|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Pakistan Observer|agency=Pakistan Observer|publisher=Pakistan Observer, 2016|date=17 December 2022}}</ref>
After retiring from the [[Foreign Service of Pakistan|foreign service]], he apparently joined the "Progress", a public service [[think tank]], and serves on its advisory board.<ref name="Progress Secretariat">{{cite web|title=Advisory Council|url=http://www.progress.org.pk/advisory-council/|website=www.progress.org.pk|publisher=Progress Secretariat|access-date=10 January 2017}}</ref> He also remained chairman of Karachi Council on Foreign Relations for some time.<ref name="Pakistan Observer, 2016">{{cite news|last1=Khan|first1=Amanullah|title=India played dirty in Bangladesh's creation|url=http://pakobserver.net/india-played-dirty-in-bangladeshs-creation/|access-date=10 January 2017|work=Pakistan Observer|agency=Pakistan Observer|publisher=Pakistan Observer, 2016|date=17 December 2016}}</ref>


About the [[Fall of Dhaka]] in 1971, Admiral Karimullah reportedly was of the view that: History is there to earn lessons from but unfortunately this did not happening in Pakistan".<ref name="Pakistan Observer, 2016"/> He also remained associate with the [[Bahria University]] in [[Karachi]] and reportedly maintained in favor of [[CPEC]] developmental projects in the country.<ref>{{cite news|title=CPEC to have far-reaching implications for maritime trade|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/92795-CPEC-to-have-far-reaching-implications-for-maritime-trade|access-date=10 January 2017|work=www.thenews.com.pk}}</ref>
About the [[Fall of Dhaka]] in 1971, Admiral Karimullah reportedly was of the view that: History is there to earn lessons from but unfortunately this did not happening in Pakistan".<ref name="Pakistan Observer, 2016"/> He also remained associate with the [[Bahria University]] in [[Karachi]] and reportedly maintained in favor of [[CPEC]] developmental projects in the country.<ref>{{cite news|title=CPEC to have far-reaching implications for maritime trade|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/92795-CPEC-to-have-far-reaching-implications-for-maritime-trade|access-date=10 January 2017|work=www.thenews.com.pk}}</ref>
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]]|years=2002–2005}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Afzal Tahir]]}}
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Latest revision as of 22:36, 22 December 2022


Admiral
Shahid Karimullah
Sitara - i -Jurat .png
Sitara-e-Jurat
NI(M) HI(M) SJ SI(M) LoM LoH PGAT BJSN
US Navy 040721-N-2383B-066 Adm. Shahid Karimullah, Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy is presented the Legion of Merit from Adm. Vern Clark, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO).jpg
Admiral Karimullah, center, presented with the Legion of Merit by U.S. CNO Admiral Vern Clark, ca. 2004
Pakistan Ambassador to the Saudi Arabia
In office
29 January 2005 – 21 March 2009
Chief of Naval Staff
In office
3 October 2002 – 6 October 2005
Preceded byAdm. Abdul Aziz Mirza
Succeeded byAdm. Afzal Tahir
Personal details
Born
Shahid Karimullah

(1948-02-14) 14 February 1948 (age 77)
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
CitizenshipTemplate:Pak
NationalityPakistani
Alma materNaval War College
National Defence University
Military service
Allegiance Pakistan
Branch/serviceNaval Jack of Pakistan.svg Pakistan Navy
Years of service1965–2005
RankAdmiral Pakistan Navy Insignia.JPG Admiral
(S/No. PN 1126)
UnitNaval Operations Branch
CommandsCommander Pakistan Fleet
25th Destroyer Squadron
DCNS (Operations)
Chief Instructor at NDU Islamabad
ACNS (Personnel)
Battles/warsIndo-Pakistani War of 1965
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

Indo-Pakistani standoff in 2001
War on Terror

AwardsNishan-e-Imtiaz.png Nishan-e-Imtiaz (Military)
Hilal-e-Imtiaz.png Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Military)
Sitara-e-Jurat.png Sitara-e-Jurat
Sitara-e-Imtiaz.png Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Military)
Order of King Abdulaziz, 1st Class (Saudi Arabia).png Order of King Abdulaziz
US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png Legion of Merit
Turkish Armed Forces Medal of Merit.png Turkish Legion of Merit
Legion of Honour - Grand Officer (France).png Legion d'honneur
The Gallant Order of Military Service - Courageous Commander (Malaysia).svg Order of Military Service

Admiral Shahid Karimullah NI(M) HI(M) SJ SI(M) LoM LoH PGAT BJSN (Urdu: شاهد كريم الله; b. 14 February 1948) was a Pakistan Navy officer who served as the Chief of Naval Staff from 2002 until 2005.

Prior to that, he also served as the Pakistan Ambassador to Saudi Arabia from 2005 until retiring from the foreign service in 2009.

Biography[edit]

Early life and naval career[edit]

Shahid Karimullah was born in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan on 14 February 1948 to an Urdu-speaking family who belongs to Hyderabad Deccan in India but migrated to Pakistan following partition of British Indian in 1947.[1] He comes from a military family and his father, Lieutenant-Commander Muhammad Karimullah also served in the Royal Indian Navy and later the Pakistan Navy.[2]

After graduating from a local high school in 1963, he was admitted and studied at the famed D. J. Science College before joining the Pakistan Navy in October 1965.[3] He was trained at the Pakistan Military Academy but later sent to United Kingdom to attend the Royal Navy's HMS Mercury where he graduated with a communication courses and gained military commission as a Midshipman in the Navy in October 1968.[4] His S/ No. was 1126 issued by the Defence ministry and later promoted as Sub-Lieutenant in the Navy in 1971.[5][3]

In 1971, he was stationed in East Pakistan and took participation in violent civil war, followed by the war with India in East.[3] He was promoted as Lieutenant and served as commanding officer of gunboat, participating in various operations against the Indian Army and Mukti Bahini.[3] After the surrender of Eastern Command was announced, he was subsequently taken war prisoner and was seriously wounded.[3] His gallantry actions won him the Sitara-e-Jurat which was given to him in 1972, following his repatriation.[3] It took him 2 years for his full recovery before resuming his military service.[3]

After the war, he became engage with his studies and went to the Newport in Rhode Island, United States to attend the Naval War College.[6] He graduated from the Naval War College in master's degree in War studies and later attended the National Defence University where he graduated with another master's degree in the international relations degree.[6]

Command and staff appointments[edit]

In the 1980s, he served as an aide-de-camp to Chairman Joint chiefs Admiral Mohammad Shariff and former Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Karamat Rahman Niazi.[2] In 1995–96, he was promoted as Commodore and took over the command of the 25th Destroyer Squadron as its Flag Officer Commanding (FOC).[6] He also served as Directing Staff in the War studies faculty at the National Defence University in Islamabad.[2]

In 1997, Commodore Karimullah was posted as Director Signals but later posted for a one-star staff assignment at the Navy NHQ in Islamabad.:xxi[7]

Commodore Karimullah was appointed as ACNS (Personnel) but later posted as DCNS (Operations) under Admiral Fasih Bokhari– the Chief of Naval Staff.:xxi[7] After Admiral Admiral Bokhari resigned, he was promoted as Rear-Admiral and continued to served as DCNS (Operations) in 1999.:xxi[7][6] In 2000–01, he was promoted as Vice-Admiral and took over the command of Pakistan Fleet as its fleet commander.[6]

Chief of Naval Staff[edit]

In 2002, Vice-Admiral Karimullah was appointed Chief of Naval Staff and was promoted to four-star admiral in the Navy before taking the post.[6] Admiral Karimullah superseded two senior naval officers, Vice-Admiral Taj Khattak, the Vice Chief of Naval Staff (VCNS), and Vice-Admiral G.Z. Malik, the commander of Submarine fleet– both officers were much senior to him.:xxx[7] During this time, he engaged in talks with the Chinese Navy for a technology transfer of building the modern warships in Karachi.[8]

As a response to the Agni-I missile test in 2002, Admiral Karimullah began advocating for acquiring the nuclear navy capability but denied of deploying nuclear arsenals on the Agosta 90B submarines.[9] Admiral Karimullah ambiguously left the option open and quoted to news media that it would do so only if "forced to."[9]

In 2003, Admiral Karimullah again secretly pushed for the second strike capability in the government but publicly reiterated on the issue of nuclear weapons and announced that while no such immediate plans really existed, but he did stressed on the fact Pakistan would not hesitate to take such steps if it felt so compelled.[10] He remained concerns of expansion of Indian Navy in the region and continued his secret push for acquiring of the modern weapon systems for the Navy.[11]

In 2004, he successfully negotiated with the U.S. Navy to induct the Navy in the combined maritime force to provide cooperation in regional maritime and security affair.[11] Admiral Shahid Karimullah was notably bypassed by President Pervez Musharraf for the chairmanship for the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee in October 2004.[12] Admiral Karimullah was the most senior-most four-star rank officer in the Pakistani military and was controversially superseded by the junior-most army general, Lieutenant-General Ehsan ul Haq.[12]

In 2005, he began pushing and vigorously lobbying in the government for the extension of Pakistan's seaborne border from 200 to 350 nautical miles for which the claim is to be submitted by May 2009 in accordance with provisions of UN Conventions on Laws of Seas of 1982.[13] It was in 2015 when the borders were extended which pushed Pakistan's area of sea border to 50,000 square kilometres.[14][15]

Admiral Karimullah retired from the Navy in 2005 and handed over the command of the Navy to Admiral Afzal Tahir who also superseded Vice-Admiral Mohammad Haroon by President Musharraf.[7]

Ambassador to Saudi Arabia[edit]

Having by-passed as Chairman joint chiefs post, President Musharraf announced to appoint Admiral Karimullah for a diplomatic post and appointed him as Pakistan Ambassador to Saudi Arabia.[16] In 2009, he left the post once completing his tenure and returned to Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.[17]

Honors and post retirement[edit]

Admiral Karimullah is a recipient of Nishan-e-Imtiaz (military), Sitara-i-Imtiaz (military), and Hilal-i-Imtiaz (military)that were decorated to him during his military service.[6]

He was also decorated with the Legion of Merit by the United States, presented to him by US Navy's CNO Admiral Vern Clark in 2004.[18] In 2005, he was conferred with French Legion d'Honneur for promoting Pakistan-Franco naval collaboration in various fields at different posts he held during his service career, including induction of French submarines and aircraft in Pakistan Navy.[19]

On 21 September 2005, Admiral Karimullah was awarded with the Honorary Malaysian Armed Forces Order for Valor award as a Gallant Commander in acknowledgment of his long meritorious services.[20]

After retiring from the foreign service, he apparently joined the "Progress", a public service think tank, and serves on its advisory board.[21] He also remained chairman of Karachi Council on Foreign Relations for some time.[22]

About the Fall of Dhaka in 1971, Admiral Karimullah reportedly was of the view that: History is there to earn lessons from but unfortunately this did not happening in Pakistan".[22] He also remained associate with the Bahria University in Karachi and reportedly maintained in favor of CPEC developmental projects in the country.[23]

Awards and Decorations[edit]

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Nishan-e-Imtiaz

(Military)

(Order of Excellence)

Hilal-e-Imtiaz

(Military)

(Crescent of Excellence)

Sitara-e-Jurat

(Star of Courage)

1971

Sitara-e-Imtiaz

(Military)

(Star of Excellence)

Sitara-e-Harb 1971 War

(War Star 1971)

Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War

(War Medal 1965)

Tamgha-e-Jang 1971 War

(War Medal 1971)

Tamgha-e-Baqa

(Nuclear Test Medal)

1998

Tamgha-e-Istaqlal Pakistan

(Escalation with India Medal)

2002

10 Years Service Medal
20 Years Service Medal 30 Years Service Medal 35 Years Service Medal 40 Years Service Medal
Tamgha-e-Sad Saala Jashan-e-

Wiladat-e-Quaid-e-Azam

(100th Birth Anniversary of

Muhammad Ali Jinnah)

1976

Hijri Tamgha

(Hijri Medal)

1979

Jamhuriat Tamgha

(Democracy Medal)

1988

Qarardad-e-Pakistan Tamgha

(Resolution Day

Golden Jubilee Medal)

1990

Tamgha-e-Salgirah Pakistan

(Independence Day

Golden Jubilee Medal)

1997

Abu Dhabi Defence Forces

Service Medal

(UAE)

1976

Order of King Abdul Aziz

(Saudi Arabia)

The Legion of Merit[18]

(Degree of Commander)

(USA)

2004

Turkish Legion of Merit

(Turkey)

Legion of Honour

Grand Officer Class[19]

(France)

2005

The Order of Military Service

Courageous Commander[20]

(Malaysia)

2005

Bintang Jalasena Utama

(Indonesia)

Foreign Decorations[edit]

Foreign Awards
 UAE Abu Dhabi Defence Forces Service Medal Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 Saudi Arabia Order of King Abdul Aziz (4th Class) Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 USA The Legion of Merit (Degree of Commander)[18] Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 Turkey Turkish Legion of Merit Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 France The Legion of Honour (Grand Officer Class)[19] Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 Malaysia The Order of Military Service (Courageous Commander)[20] Template:Ribbon devices/alt
 Indonesia Bintang Jalasena Utama Template:Ribbon devices/alt

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage". www.myheritage.com. Shahid Karimullah – Biographical Summaries of Notable People – MyHeritage. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Obaid, CEO (4 October 2002). "Shahid Karimullah Appointed New Chief Of Navel Staff". www.pakistanidefence.com. No. 2. Pakistani defence, 2002. Pakistani defence. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Shahid Karimullah. "Shahid Karimullah". www.oldpublicans.com. Shahid Karimullah. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  4. ↑ "Foreign Affairs Pakistan". Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2006. Pakistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 3 (1–2). 1 January 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  5. ↑ "List of Gallantry Awardees – PN Officers/CPOs/Sailors « PakDef Military Consortium". pakdef.org. Archived from the original on 10 August 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Staff correspondent (4 October 2002). "New navy chief named". DAWN.COM. Islamabad, Pakistan: Dawn Newspapers, 2002. Dawn Newspapers. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Anwar, PN, Commdore Dr. Muhammad (2005). Stolen Stripes and Broken Medals: Autobiography of a Senior Naval Officer. MD, U.S.: Author House. ISBN 9781467010566. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  8. ↑ Staff writer, Reporters (13 November 2002). "Pakistan to acquire Chinese battleships". Tribune India. No. 1`. Tribune India, 2002. Tribune India. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 NTI Pakistan, NTI Pakistan. "Pakistan Submarine Capabilities". www.nti.org. NTI Pakistan. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  10. ↑ Rehman, Iskander. "Murky Waters: Naval Nuclear Dynamics in the Indian Ocean". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Navy to join US-led coalition plan: Admiral Shahid". Dawn.com. Dawn Newspapers. 17 April 2004. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "New JCSC chief, VCOAS appointed". Dawn.com. Dawn newspapers. 3 October 2004. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  13. ↑ War Correspondents; et al. (2 August 2005). "Navy seeks extension of continental shelf". Dawn.com. Dawn Newspapers. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  14. ↑ "Pakistan seabed territory grows by 50,000 square kilometres". DAWN.COM. 21 March 2015. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  15. ↑ "Musharraf drags former Pakistani top guns into trial". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  16. ↑ staff writer, etl.al (29 January 2006). "Karimullah Is Named New Pak Ambassador". Arab News. Arab News, 2006. Arab News. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  17. ↑ "Dogar may be named ambassador to Saudi Arabia". DAWN.COM. Dawn newspaper, 2009. Dawn newspaper, 2009. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Bivera, U. S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny (21 July 2004), English: Washington, D.C. (July 21, 2004) - Adm. Shahid Karimullah, Chief of Naval Staff, Pakistan Navy is presented the Legion of Merit from Adm. Vern Clark, Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), for his steadfast support of American-Pakistan cooperation in regional maritime and security affairs, and demonstrated superb resolve and unwavering dedication to the Global War on terrorism. Adm. Karimullah was given a full honors welcome ceremony at Luetze Park, Washington Navy Yard on behalf of his official visit to the United States. U.S. Navy photo by Chief Photographer's Mate Johnny Bivera. (RELEASED), retrieved 2 April 2022
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Navy, Air chiefs receive highest French award". Dawn.com. No. 1. Dawn Newspapers. 14 July 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 "Shahid Karimullah conferred with Malaysian gallant commander award". Paktribune. Pakistan Tribune, 2005. Pakistan Tribune. 21 September 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  21. ↑ "Advisory Council". www.progress.org.pk. Progress Secretariat. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Khan, Amanullah (17 December 2016). "India played dirty in Bangladesh's creation". Pakistan Observer. Pakistan Observer, 2016. Pakistan Observer. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
  23. ↑ "CPEC to have far-reaching implications for maritime trade". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 10 January 2017.

External links[edit]

Military offices
Preceded by
Abdul Aziz Mirza 		Chief of Naval Staff
2002–2005 		Succeeded by
Afzal Tahir

Template:Recipients of Sitara-e-Jurat Template:Pakistan Navy Staff Chief

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shahid_Karimullah&oldid=374057"