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[[ | {{Short description|National slogan of Bangladesh}} | ||
{{About|the slogan used in Bangladesh and India|Ravi Shankar's extended play|Joi Bangla|the wartime newspaper of Awami League|The Jai Bangla}} | |||
{{Bengalis}} | |||
[[File:জয় বাংলা.svg|thumb|260px|"Joy Bangla" written in [[Bengali alphabet]]]] | |||
'''Joy Bangla''' ({{lang-bn|জয় বাংলা}}) | '''Joy Bangla''' ({{lang-bn|জয় বাংলা}}) is a [[slogan]] and [[war cry]] used in [[Bangladesh]] and [[India]]'s [[West Bengal]], [[Tripura]], [[Barak Valley]] and [[Manbhum District]]<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/meghalaya-governor-slams-trinamool-says-chanting-joy-bangla-slogan-seditious-5794109/|title=Meghalaya Governor slams Trinamool, says chanting 'Joy Bangla' slogan seditious|date=June 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/jai-shri-ram-joy-bangla-sweets-for-sale-in-bengal-4081121.html|title='Jai Shri Ram', 'Joy Bangla' Sweets For Sale In West Bengal|website=Moneycontrol}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/india-news-jai-shri-ram-vs-joy-bangla-desperate-mamata-banerjee-feels-saffron-heat/301737|title=Jai Shri Ram vs Joy Bangla: Desperate Mamata Banerjee Feels Saffron Heat | Outlook India Magazine|website=magazine.outlookindia.com/}}</ref> to indicate [[Bengali nationalism|nationalism]] towards the geopolitical, cultural and historical region of [[Bengal]] and [[Bangamata]] (also known as Bangla Maa or Mother Bengal).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/275551/The-Immortal-Slogan-of-%E2%80%9CJoy-Bangla%E2%80%9D-|title=The Immortal Slogan of "Joy Bangla" |work=Daily Sun|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en}}</ref> It is also recognised as the [[Slogan|national slogan]] of [[Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/joy-bangla-to-be-national-slogan-hc|title='Joy Bangla' to be national slogan: HC|publisher= Daily Prothom Alo|date= 10 March 2020|access-date = 10 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="bn2">{{cite news|url= https://m.bdnews24.com/en/detail/bangladesh/1732865|title= HC orders govt to announce 'Joy Bangla' as national slogan in three months|publisher=bdnews24.com|date= March 10, 2020|access-date= March 10, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Report |first1=Star Digital |title=‘Joy Bangla’ declared national slogan of Bangladesh |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/joy-bangla-declared-national-slogan-bangladesh-2974106 |access-date=2 March 2022 |work=The Daily Star |date=2 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref> It translates roughly to "Victory to Bengal" or "Hail Bengal".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailyasianage.com/news/99463/the-immortal-slogan-of-joy-bangla|title=The immortal slogan of Joy|work=The Asian Age|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en}}</ref> | ||
==History== | |||
Purnachandra Das, an Indian schoolteacher and revolutionary from [[Madaripur]], Bangladesh was imprisoned in the [[Brahmapur, Odisha|Berhampur Jail]] for his involvement in the [[Indian independence movement|independence movement]]. Bengali [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] composed the poem 'Purna-Abhinandan' from the book of poems 'Bhangar Gaan' at the request of Kalipada Roychowdhury on the occasion of the release of Purnachandra Das from prison.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/doshdik/2015/08/28/261655|title=যেভাবে লেখা হলো নজরুলের 'পূর্ণ-অভিনন্দন' কবিতাটি|website=[[Kaler Kantho]]|language=bn}}</ref> Kazi Nazrul Islam first used the word '''Joy Bangla''' in this poem.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arts.bdnews24.com/?p=6891|title=নজরুলের 'জয় বাংলা'|website=[[bdnews24.com]]|language=bn}}</ref> The name of the slogan Joy Bangla comes from this poem named "Pūrṇa Abhinandan" (1922) by [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opinion.bdnews24.com/bangla/archives/55113|title=বঙ্গবন্ধুর অসমাপ্ত আত্মজীবনী থেকে যা জানলাম | মতামত|date=December 23, 2018|website=opinion.bdnews24.com}}</ref><ref name="indianexpress.com"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/246897/Bangabandhu-and-the-Power-of-“Joy-Bangla”|title=Bangabandhu and the Power of "Joy Bangla"|website=Daily Sun}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2013/04/20/joy-bangla-was-inspired-by-nazruls-poetry-pm|title=Joy Bangla was inspired by Nazrul's poetry: PM|date=April 20, 2013|website=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref> The middle two lines of the fifth stanza are as follows: | |||
;In Bengalī script: | |||
<blockquote> | |||
<poem> | |||
জয় বাংলা'র পূর্ণচন্দ্র, জয় জয় আদি অন্তরীণ, | |||
জয় যুগে যুগে আসা সেনাপতি, জয় প্রাণ অন্তহীন।<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/feature/doshdik/2015/08/28/261655|title='পূর্ণ-অভিনন্দন' কবিতাটি | কালের কণ্ঠ|website=Kalerkantho}}</ref> | |||
</poem> | |||
</blockquote> | |||
;Transliteration | |||
<blockquote> | |||
<poem> | |||
''Joy Bangla'r pūrṇochondro, joy joy adi ontorīṇ'' | |||
''joy jugē jugē asa sēnapoti, joy prāṇ ontohīn''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bangla-kobita.com/nazrulislam/purnoovinondon/|title=পূর্ণ-অভিনন্দন - কাজী নজরুল ইসলাম|website=www.bangla-kobita.com}}</ref> | |||
</poem> | |||
</blockquote> | |||
;English Translation | |||
<blockquote> | |||
<poem> | |||
''Hail to bengal's Purnachandra, hail to the eternally enveloped,'' | |||
''All hail to the warriors who came here generation after generation, hail to the ceaseless eternal souls.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/joy-bangla-history-west-bengal-7166839/|title=Explained: The history of 'Joy Bangla'|website=indianexpress.com}}</ref> | |||
</poem> | |||
</blockquote> | |||
It appeared in the 11-point charter put forth by the [[Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad]] on 4 January 1969. After the release of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]], the SCSP held a rally at the Ramna Race Course ground on 22 February 1969, to honour him. When Mujib was conferred the title of Bangabandhu, cries of Joy Bangla came from all over the park.<ref>{{cite news |title=Forgotten Heroes |author=David Ludden |url=http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~dludden/LuddenFrontlineHeroes.htm |newspaper=Frontline |date=19 July 2003 |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref> | |||
Joy Bangla was the slogan and war cry of the [[Mukti Bahini]] that fought for the independence of [[Bangladesh]] during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971.<ref>{{cite book |title=Bangladesh: Past and Present |last=Ahmed |first=Salahuddin |year=2004 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=8176484695 |page=310 |access-date=11 July 2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Szfqq7ruqWgC}}</ref> In [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], 27 March 1971 Major Ziaur Rahman broadcast announcement of the [[Bangladeshi Declaration of Independence|declaration of independence]] on behalf of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and he finished with "Joy Bangla".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DedtAAAAMAAJ&q=temporary |title=History of Freedom Movement in Bangladesh, 1943–1973: Some Involvement |access-date=18 February 2013|year=1974|last1=Gupta |first1=Jyoti Sen |publisher=Naya Prokash |location=Calcutta |pages=325–326}}</ref> | |||
After the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, [[Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad|Khondakar Mostaq Ahmad]] replaced Joy Bangla with [[Bangladesh Zindabad]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmad,_Khondakar_Mostaq|title=Ahmad, Khondakar Mostaq |website=Banglapedia|language=en|access-date=2018-01-10}}</ref> | |||
==National slogan of Bangladesh == | |||
[[File:জয় বাংলা ১.jpg|thumb|260px|"Joy Bangla" sculpture at [[Mujibnagar]] Liberation War Memorial Complex in [[Meherpur District|Meherpur]]]] | |||
The [[High Court Division|High Court]] on 4 December 2017 directed the [[government of Bangladesh]] to explain "why 'Joy Bangla' would not be declared as national slogan of the county.'"<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.newagebd.net/article/29723/index.php|title=Govt asked to explain why Joi Bangla won't be declared as national slogan|work=New Age |language=en|access-date=2018-01-25}}</ref> | |||
On 10 March 2020, The High Court made the declaration naming "Joy Bangla" as the official national slogan of Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/joy-bangla-to-be-national-slogan-hc|title='Joy Bangla' to be national slogan: HC|work=Prothom Alo|date= 10 March 2020|access-date = 10 March 2022}}</ref> | |||
Justice [[FRM Nazmul Ahasan]] and Justice [[K. M. Kamrul Kader|KM Kamrul Kader]] announced this after settling a rule on a writ petition filed two years ago.<ref name="bn">{{cite news|url= https://m.bdnews24.com/en/detail/bangladesh/1732865|title= HC orders govt to announce 'Joy Bangla' as national slogan in three months|publisher=bdnews24.com|date=10 March 2020|access-date=10 March 2022}}</ref> | |||
The High Court also added that this order will be done fulfill within next three months. | |||
Bangladesh constitutional office-holders and all state officials will be use on all national days and in appropriate cases, at the end of their speeches in state programmes. All of educational institution teachers and students must be use the Joy Bangla motto at the end of assemblies.<ref name="bn"/> | |||
On 20 February 2022 the cabinet division has decided to make Joy Bangla as the national slogan.<ref>[https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/national/joy-bangla-will-be-national-slogan-says-cabinet-secretary-1645363058#aoh=16453739856677&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&_tf=From%20%251%24s&share=https%3A%2F%2Fthefinancialexpress.com.bd%2Fnational%2Fjoy-bangla-will-be-national-slogan-says-cabinet-secretary-1645363058 Joy Bangla will be national slogan, says cabinet secretary, Financial Express, 20 February 2022]</ref> On 2 March 2022 The government has issued a notification declaring 'Joy Bangla' as the national slogan of Bangladesh. According to the notification: | |||
1.(a) ' Joy Bangla ' will be the national slogan of Bangladesh. | |||
(b) Officials of all government offices should chant the slogan 'Joy Bangla' at the end of all national day celebrations and other functions of the state and the government. | |||
(c) Teachers and students should say the slogan 'Joy Bangla' at the end of daily gatherings and for concluding speeches at meetings and seminars in all educational institutions.<ref>[https://unb.com.bd/m/category/bangladesh/joy-bangla-made-national-slogan-govt-notification/88548 'Joy Bangla ' made national slogan : Govt notification, 2 March 2022]</ref> | |||
==Political slogan == | |||
===In Bangladesh=== | |||
The salutation "Joy Bangla" is the official slogan of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]]. The phrase "Joy Bangla, Joy [[Bangabandhu]]" is used by the party members at the end of speeches and communications pertaining to or referring to patriotism towards Bangladesh and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib. | |||
===In West Bengal=== | |||
The slogan Joy Bangla is also officially used by [[Mamata Banerjee]] and by her party [[Trinamool Congress]] as part of attempt to create a territorial and ethnolinguistic identity for [[Bengalis]] in India.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/joy-bangla-history-west-bengal-7166839/| title = Explained: The history of ‘Joy Bangla’ {{!}} Explained News,The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-decoded-joy-bangla-mamatas-slogan-that-bjp-calls-secessionist/372594| title = Decoded: The History Of 'Joy Bangla', Mamata’s Slogan That BJP Calls Secessionist}}</ref> It is used in particular, as a closing remark for political speeches.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly/khela-hobe-to-khela-sesh-its-season-of-slogans/article34155120.ece| title = West Bengal Assembly Elections {{!}} ‘Khela hobe’ to ‘khela sesh’ — it’s season of slogans - The Hindu}} </ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/let-the-game-for-2021-begin-says-mamata/article33896356.ece| title = Let the game for 2021 begin, says Mamata - The Hindu}} </ref> | |||
==In popular culture== | |||
On 7 March 1971 [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] called for independence and asked the people of Bangladesh to launch a major campaign of civil disobedience and organized armed resistance at a mass gathering of people held at the [[Suhrawardy Udyan|Race Course Ground]] in Dhaka.<ref name="thedailystar.net">{{cite news |title=Bangabandhu's March 7 speech Bangladesh's inspiration to rise: PM |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangabandhus-march-7-speech-bangladeshs-inspiration-to-rise-pm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=11 March 2013 |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bangabandhu.com.bd/2013/03/07/historic-7th-march-speech-of-bangabandhu/ |title=Historic 7th March speech of Bangabandhu |author=Amir Hossain |date=7 March 2013 |website=Bangabandhu - The Man Behind the Nation |type=Blog |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="youtube.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ep74MqbXEWU |title=1971 March 7th shek mujibur rahman |publisher=YouTube |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> | |||
<blockquote>The struggle now is the struggle for our emancipation; the struggle now is the struggle for our independence. Joy Bangla!..<ref name="thedailystar.net" /><ref name="youtube.com" /><ref name="time.com">{{cite magazine |title=The World: Bangladesh: Out of War, a Nation Is Born |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878969,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112032245/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,878969,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2007 |magazine=Time |date=20 December 1971 |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref><br /><small>(For more info, see: ''[[7th March Speech of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]'')</small><ref>{{cite book |last=Sen Gupta |first=Jyoti |date=1974 |title=History of freedom movement in Bangladesh, 1943-1973: some involvement |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DedtAAAAMAAJ |location=Calcutta |publisher=Naya Prokash |pages=325–326 |access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
The surrender ceremony of the Pakistani military also took place at the [[Suhrawardy Udyan|Race Course Ground]] on 16 December 1971. About 93,000 Pakistani troops surrendered, making it the largest military surrender that occurred after World War 2. [[Lieutenant general|Lieutenant General]] [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]], Joint Commander of Indian and Bangladesh Forces accepted the [[Surrender (military)|surrender]] without a word, while the crowd on the race course erupted in celebrations, shouting victory slogans, "Joy Bangla".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_x8ZSDg-9wIC&q=Surrender+ceremony+pakistan+joy+bangla&pg=PA392|title=Bullets of '71: A Freedom Fighter's Story|last=Nabī|first=Nūruna|date=2010|publisher=AuthorHouse|isbn=9781452043777|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Nayar |first=Kuldip |date=3 February 1998 |title=Of betrayal and bungling |url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19980203/03450744.html |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |access-date=17 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://en.ntvbd.com/bangladesh/13892/The-surrender:-Accounts-of-foreign-journalists/print|title=The surrender: Accounts of foreign journalists|last=ntv.com|work=NTV Online|access-date=2018-01-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://opinion.inquirer.net/95875/the-challenge-before-bangladesh|title=The challenge before Bangladesh|last=Anam|first=Mahfuz|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://dailyasianage.com/news/99464/the-fall-of-a-nation-and-the-birth-of-a-new-nation|title=The fall of a nation and the birth of a new nation {{!}} The Asian Age Online, Bangladesh|work=The Asian Age|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en}}</ref> | |||
The phrase has also given its name to | |||
* ''Joy Bangla weekly'' (1971), one of the two official mouthpieces of the provisional [[Mujibnagar]] government, that led the Bangladesh's independence war. | |||
* ''[[Joy Bangla Banglar Joy]]'', a patriotic and popular song. It was the signature tune of the [[Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra]]. | |||
* ''Joy Bangla Concert'', annual benefit concert by [[Young Bangla]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/showtime/2017/03/07/joy-bangla-concert-2017/|title=Joy Bangla Concert 2017 |work=Dhaka Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/joy-bangla-concert-rekindle-historic-march-7-1368769|title=Joy Bangla Concert to rekindle historic March 7|date=2017-02-28|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en}}</ref> | |||
* ''Joy Bangla Youth Award'', the flagship Award event of Young Bangla.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/10/20/joy-bangla-youth-award-2/|title=30 organisations win Joy Bangla Youth Award 2017 |work=Dhaka Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2017/10/21/30-organisations-get-joy-bangla-youth-award-2017|title=30 organisations get Joy Bangla Youth Award 2017|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=2018-01-25}}</ref> | |||
== See also == | |||
* [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] | |||
* [[Bangladesh Zindabad]] | |||
* [[Bengali nationalism]] | |||
* [[Pakistan Zindabad]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
[[Category: | {{Bangladesh Liberation War}} | ||
[[Category: | {{Bangladesh topics}} | ||
[[Category:Battle cries]] | |||
[[Category:Bangladesh Liberation War]] | |||
[[Category:Bengali words and phrases]] | |||
[[Category:Bangladeshi political slogans]] | |||