Maratha rulers: Difference between revisions

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#REDIRECT [[List of Maratha Rulers]]


{{Infobox former monarchy
{{Redirect category shell|
| border            =
{{R from move}}
| royal_title      = Chhatrapati
| realm            = [[Hindavi Swarajya]]
| coatofarms        =
| coatofarmssize    = 150px
| coatofarmscaption =
| image            = Shivaji British Museum.jpg
| caption          = '''Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj'''
| first_monarch    = [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]]
| last_monarch      = [[Pratap Singh, Raja of Satara]]
| style            = [[Imperial Majesty (style)|His Imperial Majesty]]
| residence        = [[Raigad fort]]
| appointer        = [[Hereditary]]
| began            = 1674 CE
| ended            = 1818 CE
| pretender        =
}}
}}
The '''Maratha rulers''', belonging to the [[Bhosale]] dynasty, from the early 17th century to the early 18th century, built and ruled the [[Maratha Empire]] on the [[Indian subcontinent]], mainly corresponding to the modern countries of [[Bangladesh]], [[India]] and [[Pakistan]].<ref name="XWiACEwPR8C p.16">[https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&pg=PR22&lpg=PR22&dq=Sailendra+Nath+Sen+baji+rao+1720-40&source=bl&ots=kqD8F2ZCF5&sig=UjrO2a19-RelJENaTp3WFNIoQuE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MoiCVYiCG4vl8AWy96xA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=Tukoji&f=false An Advanced History of Modern India By Sailendra Nath Sen, p.16]</ref>{{#tag:ref|Many historians consider [[Attock]] to be the final frontier of the Maratha Empire<ref>Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bharatiya Itihasa Samiti, Ramesh Chandra Majumdar – ''[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]]: The Maratha supremacy''</ref>|group=note}} Their power rapidly dwindled during the 19th century and the last of the emperors was deposed in 1818, with the establishment of the [[British Raj]]. Starting in 1720s, the [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family|Peshwa]] were instrumental in expanding the Maratha Empire to cover large areas of the Indian subcontinent. At their empire's greatest extent in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled much of the [[Indian subcontinent]], extending from [[Bengal]] in the east to [[Attock]] and [[Sindh]] in the west, [[Kashmir]] in the north to the [[Kaveri]] basin in the south. Peshwas served as subordinates to the Chhatrapati (the Maratha king), but later, they became the leaders of the Marathas, and the Chatrapati was reduced to a nominal ruler.<ref name="pearson">{{cite journal |first=M. N. |last=Pearson |title=Shivaji and the Decline of the Mughal Empire |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=35 |issue=2 |date=February 1976 |pages=221–235 |jstor=2053980  |doi=10.2307/2053980}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=aqqBPS1TDUgC&pg=PA28 Delhi, the Capital of India By Anon, John Capper, p.28. "This source establishes the Maratha control of Delhi before the British"]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=bXWiACEwPR8C&pg=PA1941-IA82&lpg=PA1941-IA82 An Advanced History of Modern India By Sailendra Nath Sen p.Introduction-14. The author says: "''The victory at Bhopal in 1738 established Maratha dominance at the Mughal court''"]</ref>
==List of Maratha Rulers==
{| style="width:100%;" class="wikitable"
!  style="width:8%;"| Portrait
!  style="width:12%;"| Titular Name
!  style="width:18%;"| Birth Name
!  style="width:9%;"| Birth
!  style="width:20%;"| Reign
!  style="width:13%;"| Death
!  style="width:20%;"| Notes
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Shivaji British Museum.jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Chatrapati Shivaji]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|6 April 1627
| style="text-align:center;"| 6 June 1674 &nbsp;– 3 April 1680
5 years 9 months
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 April 1680 (aged 53)
| style="text-align:center;"|Shivaji was a Maratha aristocrat of the Bhosle clan who is considered to be the founder of the Maratha empire.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Shambhuraje1.jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Sambhaji|Chatrapati Sambhaji]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| May 14, 1657
| style="text-align:center;"| January 16, 1681- March 11, 1689
9 years 4 months 21 days
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| Chatrapati Sambhaji Raje had himself crowned and resumed his father's expansionist policies. Sambhaji Raje had earlier defeated the Portuguese and Chikka Deva Raya of Mysore.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Rajaram I]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 24 February 1670
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 March 1689&nbsp;– 3 March 1700
11 years
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Copy of Shahu (3).jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Chhattrapati Shahu]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|18 May 1682
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 January, 1708&nbsp;– 15 December, 1749
41 years
| style="text-align:center;"| 15 December, 1749
| style="text-align:center;"| This started Satara Throne
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Rajaram II of Satara]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| June 1726
| style="text-align:center;"| December 15, 1749 - December 11, 1777
28 years
| style="text-align:center;"| December 11, 1777
| style="text-align:center;"| Satara Throne
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Shahu II of Satara]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|1763
| style="text-align:center;"|11 Dec 1777&nbsp;– 3 May 1808
31 years
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 May 1808
| style="text-align:center;"|Satara Throne
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Pratap Singh of Satara.png|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Pratap Singh, Raja of Satara]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 18 January 1793
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 May 1808 - 5 September 1839
(31 years)
| style="text-align:center;"| 5 September 1839
| style="text-align:center;"| He was the nominal emperor of the Maratha Empire, Satara from 1808 to 1819 and Raja of Satara but the main control was under the hands of Peshwas until 1839 when he was deposed by the British. Satara Throne
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[File:Tarabai.jpg|80px]]
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Tarabai]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 1700–1708 <ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4
|pages=201}}</ref>
8 years
| style="text-align:center;"|1761
| style="text-align:center;"|She took charge of the war against Aurangzeb's forces from 1700-1708 and is acclaimed for her role in keeping alive the resistance against Mughal occupation of Maratha territories after the death of her spouse Rajaram Bhosale till the death of Aurangzeb (1707).
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Shivaji II]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 1698
| style="text-align:center;"| 1700-1707, 1710-1714
11 years
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| He was son of Maratha ruler Chhattrapati Rajaram and his wife Tarabai of Kolhapur Throne
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Sambhaji II]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 1714 to 1760
46 years
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| He came to power by deposing his half brother Shivaji II
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Shivaji III]]''
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| 1760–1812
52 years
| style="text-align:center;"|
| style="text-align:center;"| He was adopted from the family of Khanwilkar which was from Kolhapur Throne
|-
|}
* [[Maratha Empire]]
* [[Shivaji]]
* [[Mughal empire]]
* [[Bhonsle|Bhonsle dynasty]]
* [[Peshwe]]
* [[Bhat family]]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}
==External links==
{{Maratha Empire}}
{{Peshawe family}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maratha Emperors}}
[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Maratha Empire]]

Latest revision as of 23:11, 10 May 2022

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