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| {{For|Fort in the city|Amer Fort}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Amber, India]] |
| {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
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| {{Infobox settlement
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| | name = Amer
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| |other_name = Amber
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| | type = Town
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| | pushpin_map = India Jaipur#India Rajasthan#India
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| | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Rajasthan
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| | coordinates = {{coord|26|59|N|75|52|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
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| | subdivision_type = Country
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| | subdivision_name = [[India]]
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| | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
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| | subdivision_name1 = [[Rajasthan]]
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| | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of India|District(s)]]
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| | subdivision_name2 = [[Jaipur district|Jaipur]]
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| | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
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| | utc_offset1 = +05:30
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| }}
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| '''Amer''' or '''Amber''', is a city in [[Rajasthan]] [[states and territories of India|state]], India. It is now a part of the [[Jaipur Municipal Corporation]].
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| The picturesque situation of Amer at the mouth of a rocky mountain gorge, in which nestles a lake, has attracted the admiration of travellers, including [[Victor Jacquemont]] and [[Reginald Heber]].<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Amber (city)|display=Amber|volume=1|page=792}}</ref> It is seen to be a remarkable example for its combined Rajput-Mughal architecture. The [[Amer Fort]], a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]], is the top tourist attraction in the Jaipur area.
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| ==History==
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| [[File:Le ville d'Amber (Rajasthan) (8490832100).jpg|thumb|View of city, temple and fort.]]
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| [[File:Jaipur 03-2016 04 Amber Fort.jpg|thumb|[[Amer Fort]]]]
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| [[File:Amber Fort.jpg|thumb|[[Amer Fort]]]]
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| [[File:Amber Fort interior.jpg|thumb|Interior of one of the palaces in Amer Fort]]
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| [[file:1985.04.15 31 Fort Amber India.jpg|thumb|The fort in 1985]]
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| [[File:3 step stepwell.jpg|thumb|Panna Meena ka Kund [[stepwell]]]]
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| The settlement at Amer was founded by Raja Alan Singh Meena who was a ruler from the Chanda clan of Meenas in 967 AC.
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| The first structure was started by Raja Kakil Dev when Amer became his capital in 1036, on the site of present-day Jaigarh Fort.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} Around 1037 AC, Amer was conquered by the [[Kachwaha]] clan of [[Rajput]]s.<ref name ="amer">{{cite web| url=http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaRajputanaAmer.htm|title=Rajputana(amer)}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=States "Information by Abhijit Rajadhyaksha", who doesn't seem to be a historian or a qualified scholar|date=January 2019}}Much of the present structure known as [[Amer Fort]] is actually the palace built by [[Raja Man Singh]] who ruled from 1590 to 1614 AD. The palace contains several spectacular buildings, such as the [[Diwan-i-Khas (Red Fort)|Diwan-i-Khas]], and the elaborately painted Ganesh Pole built by the renowned warlord Mirza Raja [[Jai Singh I]] (Man Singh I's grandson). The old and original fort of Amer, dating from earlier Rajas or the Mair or Maidh period, is what is known in the present day as Jaigarh Fort, which was actually the main defensive structure rather than the palace itself. The two structures are interconnected by a series of encompassing fortifications.
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| Amer was capital of the [[Kachwaha]] until 1727 when the ruler of Amer, Sawai [[Jai Singh II]] founded a capital Jainagara ([[Jaipur]]), named after him, about nine kilometers south of Amer. After the founding of this new town, the royal palace and houses of prominent persons were shifted to Jaipur. The priests of [[Shila Devi]] temple, who were [[Bengali people|Bengali]] [[Brahmins]], continued to live in the fort (to this date), while the Jaigarh fort above the palace also remained heavily garrisoned. The capital of Kachwaha was supplanted by the modern city of Jaipur, which is the capital of the [[Rajasthan]] state in India.
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| ===Controversy over renovation practices===
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| Poor site management and development pressures have dramatically altered the historical integrity of Amer. The building that rings around the Jaleb Chwok courtyard "has been converted to a market place with shops selling showpieces and dresses. They have cafeterias, cyber cafés, etc.", according to the [[Times of India]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-02-21/jaipur/28010069_1_restoration-monument-jaleb-chowk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811071206/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-02-21/jaipur/28010069_1_restoration-monument-jaleb-chowk |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 August 2011 |title= Barbarians at Work in Amer? |author=The Times of India|newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 February 2009}}</ref> In the summer of 2009, the Rajasthan High Court launched a three-member panel charged with investigating the controversial renovations and determining to what extent the cultural heritage of the site was compromised.<ref>{{cite news
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| |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-05/jaipur/28201701_1_adma-restoration-commercial-activities
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| |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811071210/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-05/jaipur/28201701_1_adma-restoration-commercial-activities
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| |url-status=dead
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| |archive-date=11 August 2011
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| |title= Three-member Panel to Probe Amer Fort Restoration
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| |author=The Times of India
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| |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]
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| |date=5 May 2009
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| }}</ref>File:Amer City.jpg|
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| ==List of villages==
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| {{Div col|small=yes}}
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| * Achrol
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| * Akhepura
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| *Bagawara
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| * Barna
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| * Bhavthari
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| * Beelpur
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| * Bhatto Ki Gali
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| * Bhoorthal
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| * Bichpadi
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| * Bilonchi
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| * Chandwali
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| * Chatarpura
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| * Chhaparadi
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| * Chittanu Kalan
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| * Chonp
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| * Dalpura
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| * Daulatapur
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| * Devgudha
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| * Dhand
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| * Durga Ka Bas
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| * Harduttapura
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| * Jahotawara
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| * Jairampura
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| * JaiSinghpura
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| * Jalsoo
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| * Kant
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| * Kanwarpura
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| * Khannipur
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| * Khora Beesal
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| * Khora Meena
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| * Khora Shyamdas
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| * Kishanpura
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| * Labana
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| * Lakher
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| * Maheshwaskalan
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| * Manpura Macheri
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| * Mundota
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| * Nangal Suwasatan
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| * Nangalpurohitan
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| * Nangalsiras
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| * pokhariyawala
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| * Puhana
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| * Radhakrishnapura
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| * Raghunathpura
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| * Raithal
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| * Rampura Dabri
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| * Roida
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| * Rundal
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| * Sewapura
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| * Shubhrampura
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| * Shyampura
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| * Sirohi
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| * Sirsali
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| * Shyam Nagar ( Lakher)
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| {{Div col end}} | |
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| ==Visitor attractions==
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| *[[Amer Fort]]
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| *[[Maota Lake]]
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| *[[Jagat shiromani Temple]]
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| *[[Jaigarh Fort]]
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| *Nahargarh Biological Park<ref name="TravelIndia, Nahargarh">{{cite web |title=Nahargarh Fort of Jaipur in Rajasthan, India |publisher=Travel India |url=http://tourismtravelindia.com/rajasthanportal/touristattractions/NAHARGARH.html |access-date=2017-07-19}}</ref>
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| *Panna Meena ka Kund [[stepwell]]
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| *[[Water Gateways]]
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| ===Nahargarh Biological Park===
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| This park is home to [[species]] whose numbers have declined over the years, such as the [[Indian leopard]]. The flora is representative of the [[Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests]] [[ecoregion]].<ref name="TravelIndia, Nahargarh"/><ref name="WWF, SA: NI">{{WWF ecoregion |id=im0206 |name=Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests |access-date=2017-01-29}}</ref>
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| == In media ==
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| Various scenes were produced for the 2011 British film ''[[The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel]]'' in and around Amer.<ref>http://movie-locations.com/movies/b/Best-Exotic-Marigold-Hotel.php</ref><ref>https://www.rajasthantourpackage.co/places-to-visit-from-the-best-exotic-marigold-hotel-films/</ref>
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Nahargarh Fort]]
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| *[[Rajasthani people]]
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| *[[Rajasthan]]
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| *[[Ramgarh Dam]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| ==Further reading==
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| {{refbegin}}
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| *{{Cite news|author=Singh, Rachna|date=3 January 2009|title=Amer Palace Renovation: Tampering with history?|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-01-03/jaipur/28018732_1_adma-amber-development-jaleb-chowk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912111313/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-01-03/jaipur/28018732_1_adma-amber-development-jaleb-chowk|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 September 2011}}
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| *{{cite news
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| |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-02-21/jaipur/28041379_1_restoration-stones-asi
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| |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025001320/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-02-21/jaipur/28041379_1_restoration-stones-asi
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| |url-status=dead
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| |archive-date=25 October 2012
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| |title= How Marshall's Guidelines Were Violated
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| |author=The Times of India
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| |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]
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| |date=21 February 2009
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| }}
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| *{{cite news
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| |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/Film-crew-drilled-holes-into-historic-Amer/rssarticleshow/4134002.cms
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| |title= Film Crew Drilled Holes in Amer
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| |author=The Times of India
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| |newspaper=[[Times of India]]
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| |date=16 February 2009
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| }}
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| *{{cite news
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| |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/HC-stays-shooting-of-Salman-film-/rssarticleshow/4127501.cms
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| |title= HC Stays Shooting of Salman Film
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| |author=The Times of India
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| |newspaper=[[Times of India]]
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| |date=14 February 2009
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| }} | | }} |
| {{refend}}
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| == External links ==
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| {{commons category-inline|Amber, India}}
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| {{Authority control}}
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| [[Category:Cities and towns in Jaipur district]]
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| [[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
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| [[Category:History of Jaipur]]
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| [[Category:Jaipur]]
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| [[Category:Tourist attractions in Jaipur]]
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