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{{Lead too short|date=September 2021}}{{short description|Ancient Indian clan}}
{{Lead too short|date=September 2021}}{{short description|Ancient Indian clan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
The '''Mori''' or '''Maurya''' is a [[Rajput|Rajput clan]] which controlled the [[Chittor Fort]] in ancient period. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Pratiharas]]. Mori is considered a sub clan of [[Parmar]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shukla|first=Dinesh Chandra|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&id=w_oJAQAAIAAJ&dq=inauthor:%22Dine%C5%9Ba+Candra+%C5%9Aukla%22=Mauryas&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=|title=Early History of Rajasthan|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan|year=1978|location=Delhi|pages=185–186|language=en|quote=In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong prinicipality in S.E. Rajasthan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Dasharatha|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&id=W1dXAAAAMAAJ&dq=Mauryas&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=|title=Rajasthan Through the Ages: From the earliest times to 1316 A.D|publisher=Rajasthan State Archives|year=1966|pages=226–228|language=en}}</ref>
The '''Mori''' or '''Maurya''' is a [[Rajput]] clan which controlled the [[Chittor Fort]] in ancient period. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Pratiharas]]. Mori is also considered a sub clan of [[Parmar]] [[Rajput]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shukla|first=Dinesh Chandra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_oJAQAAIAAJ|title=Early History of Rajasthan|date=1978|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan|year=1978|location=Delhi|pages=185–186|language=en|quote=In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong principality in S.E. Rajasthan}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Dasharatha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1dXAAAAMAAJ&q=Mauryas|title=Rajasthan Through the Ages: From the earliest times to 1316 A.D|date=1966|publisher=Rajasthan State Archives|year=1966|pages=226–228|language=en}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[Chitrangada Mori]], a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]].<ref name="S Singh Rajasthan">{{cite book |last1=Singh Chib |first1=Sukhdev |title=Rajasthan |date=1979 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=118 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Rajasthan/gXstAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> The Mori clan of Rajputs claims descent from [[Chandragupta Maurya]], the founder of the [[Maurya dynasty|Mauryan Empire]].<ref name="Journal Vol 3">{{cite book |last1=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |first1=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |title=Journal: Volume 3 |date=1834 |publisher=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |pages=343 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Journal/qzwzAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Mori+Rajput&pg=PA343&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> A Mori ruler of Chittor has known to have assisted the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahmana king]] [[Vigraharaja IV|Visaldeva]] in a battle against the Turk invaders, probably led by sultan [[Khusrau Malik|Khusrau Shah]] or [[Bahram-Shah of Ghazna|Bahram Shah of Ghazna]]. The Moris also allied with the [[Kachhwaha|Kachhwaha of Amber]].
[[Chitrangada Mori]], a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]].<ref name="S Singh Rajasthan">{{cite book |last1=Singh Chib |first1=Sukhdev |title=Rajasthan |date=1979 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=118 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Rajasthan/gXstAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> The Mori clan of Rajputs claims descent from [[Chandragupta Maurya]], the founder of the [[Maurya dynasty|Mauryan Empire]].<ref name="Journal Vol 3">{{cite book |last1=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |first1=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |title=Journal: Volume 3 |date=1834 |publisher=Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) |pages=343 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Journal/qzwzAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Mori+Rajput&pg=PA343&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> A Mori ruler of Chittor has known to have assisted the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahmana king]] [[Vigraharaja IV|Visaldeva]] in a battle against the Turk invaders, probably led by sultan [[Khusrau Malik|Khusrau Shah]] or [[Bahram-Shah of Ghazna|Bahram Shah of Ghazna]]. The Moris also allied with the [[Kachhwaha|Kachhwaha of Amber]].


Moris controlled the [[Chittor Fort]] and the surrounding region before the [[Guhila dynasty]]. The fort of Chittor was a well established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.<ref name="Bakker 129">{{Cite book|last=Bakker|first=Hans|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=6p2XCgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hans+Bakker&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mori&f=false|title=The World of the Skandapurāṇa|date=2015-06-29|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-27714-4|pages=129|language=en}}</ref><ref name="India tourism guide">{{cite book |last1=India Tourism Development Corporation |first1=India Tourism Development Corporation |title=Guide to Rajasthan |date=1975 |publisher=India Tourism Development Corporation |pages=169 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Guide_to_Rajasthan/AsItAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> The Chittorgarh inscription dated 713 AD gives four names of Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.<ref name="Gazetteer HC">{{cite book |last1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |first1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |title=Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture |date=1995 |publisher=Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan |pages=322 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Rajasthan_State_Gazetteer_History_and_cu/oUZuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Mori+Rajput&dq=Mori+Rajput&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>  
Moris controlled the [[Chittor Fort]] and the surrounding region before the [[Guhila dynasty]]. The fort of Chittor was a well established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bakker|first=Hans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6p2XCgAAQBAJ&q=Mori|title=The World of the Skandapurāṇa|date=2015-06-29|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-27714-4|pages=129|language=en}}</ref><ref name="India tourism guide">{{cite book |last1=India Tourism Development Corporation |first1=India Tourism Development Corporation |title=Guide to Rajasthan |date=1975 |publisher=India Tourism Development Corporation |pages=169 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Guide_to_Rajasthan/AsItAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> The Chittorgarh inscription dated 713 AD gives four names of Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.<ref name="Gazetteer HC">{{cite book |last1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |first1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |title=Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture |date=1995 |publisher=Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan |pages=322 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Rajasthan_State_Gazetteer_History_and_cu/oUZuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Mori+Rajput&dq=Mori+Rajput&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>  


The Mori rulers were the ''lords of [[Malwa]]''.<ref name="Bakker 129"/><ref name="Rajputana">{{cite book |last1=Rajputana (Agency) |first1=Rajputana (Agency) |title=The Rajputana Gazetteer Volume 3 |date=1880 |publisher=Harvard University |pages=16 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Rajputana_Gazetteer/amQoAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Mori+Rajput&pg=PA16&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> Mahlot, a Mori king of Chittor has also been mentioned in the [[Chach Nama]] as a relative of [[Rai dynasty|King Rai Sahasi of Sindh]].
The Mori rulers were the ''lords of [[Malwa]]''.<ref name="Rajputana">{{cite book |last1=Rajputana (Agency) |first1=Rajputana (Agency) |title=The Rajputana Gazetteer Volume 3 |date=1880 |publisher=Harvard University |pages=16 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Rajputana_Gazetteer/amQoAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Mori+Rajput&pg=PA16&printsec=frontcover}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bakker|first=Hans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6p2XCgAAQBAJ&q=Mori|title=The World of the Skandapurāṇa|date=2015-06-29|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-27714-4|pages=129|language=en}}</ref> Mahlot, a Mori king of Chittor has also been mentioned in the [[Chach Nama]] as a relative of [[Rai dynasty|King Rai Sahasi of Sindh]].


Shyam Manohar Mishra of [[Lucknow University]] theorized that [[Bappa Rawal]] was originally a vassal of the last Mori ruler Manuraja alias Man Singh Mori. Manuraja is identified with Māna, mentioned in the Chittorgarh Māna-sarovara inscription of 713 AD. Māna was described as the son of Bhoja.<ref name="Calcutta">{{cite book |last1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |first1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |title=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |date=1965 |publisher=The University of California |pages=52 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Calcutta_Sanskrit_College_Research_Serie/5LUeAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=mori%20Rajput}}</ref> Māna's great - grandfather was named Maheśvara.<ref name="Origin">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=R.B |title=Origin of the Rajputs |date=1975 |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |pages=40 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Origin_of_the_Rajputs/IcM5AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=mori%20Rajput}}</ref>
Shyam Manohar Mishra of [[Lucknow University]] theorized that [[Bappa Rawal]] was originally a vassal of the last Mori ruler Manuraja alias Man Singh Mori. Manuraja is identified with Māna, mentioned in the Chittorgarh Māna-sarovara inscription of 713 AD. Māna was described as the son of Bhoja.<ref name="Calcutta">{{cite book |last1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |first1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |title=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |date=1965 |publisher=The University of California |pages=52 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Calcutta_Sanskrit_College_Research_Serie/5LUeAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=mori%20Rajput}}</ref> Māna's great - grandfather was named Maheśvara.<ref name="Origin">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=R.B |title=Origin of the Rajputs |date=1975 |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |pages=40 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Origin_of_the_Rajputs/IcM5AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=mori%20Rajput}}</ref>


Bappa probably led the campaign of Moris against the Arabs, which made him a renowned name. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of other nobles<ref name="Rajputana"/> or became the king after Manuraja died childless.{{sfn|Shyam Manohar Mishra|1977|p=48}} The Moris were expelled from [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]] by [[Bappa Rawal]].<ref name="Calcutta"/><ref name="Andrew T">{{cite book |last1=Topsfield |first1=Andrew |title=Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar |date=2001 |publisher=Artibus Asiae Publishers |isbn=9783907077030 |pages=17 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Court_Painting_at_Udaipur/rvu6EfsFH48C?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref>
Bappa probably led the campaign of Moris against the Arabs, which made him a renowned name. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of other nobles<ref name="Rajputana"/> or became the king after Manuraja died childless.{{sfn|Shyam Manohar Mishra|1977|p=48}} The Moris were expelled from [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]] by [[Bappa Rawal]].<ref name="Andrew T">{{cite book |last1=Topsfield |first1=Andrew |title=Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar |date=2001 |publisher=Artibus Asiae Publishers |isbn=9783907077030 |pages=17 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Court_Painting_at_Udaipur/rvu6EfsFH48C?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="Calcutta"/>


===Defeat by the Arabs===
===Defeat by the Arabs===

Revision as of 00:37, 19 June 2022


The Mori or Maurya is a Rajput clan which controlled the Chittor Fort in ancient period. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of Pratiharas. Mori is also considered a sub clan of Parmar Rajputs.[1][2]

History

Chitrangada Mori, a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of Chittorgarh.[3] The Mori clan of Rajputs claims descent from Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire.[4] A Mori ruler of Chittor has known to have assisted the Chahmana king Visaldeva in a battle against the Turk invaders, probably led by sultan Khusrau Shah or Bahram Shah of Ghazna. The Moris also allied with the Kachhwaha of Amber.

Moris controlled the Chittor Fort and the surrounding region before the Guhila dynasty. The fort of Chittor was a well established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.[5][6] The Chittorgarh inscription dated 713 AD gives four names of Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.[7]

The Mori rulers were the lords of Malwa.[8][9] Mahlot, a Mori king of Chittor has also been mentioned in the Chach Nama as a relative of King Rai Sahasi of Sindh.

Shyam Manohar Mishra of Lucknow University theorized that Bappa Rawal was originally a vassal of the last Mori ruler Manuraja alias Man Singh Mori. Manuraja is identified with Māna, mentioned in the Chittorgarh Māna-sarovara inscription of 713 AD. Māna was described as the son of Bhoja.[10] Māna's great - grandfather was named Maheśvara.[11]

Bappa probably led the campaign of Moris against the Arabs, which made him a renowned name. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of other nobles[8] or became the king after Manuraja died childless.[12] The Moris were expelled from Chittorgarh by Bappa Rawal.[13][10]

Defeat by the Arabs

According to C.K. Majumdar, the Moris were ruling at Chittor[14] when the Arabs (mlechchhas) invaded north-western India around 725 CE.[14] The Arabs defeated the Moris, and in turn, were defeated by a confederacy that included Bappa Rawal.[15][16]

References

  1. ↑ Shukla, Dinesh Chandra (1978). Early History of Rajasthan. Delhi: Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. pp. 185–186. In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong principality in S.E. Rajasthan{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ↑ Sharma, Dasharatha (1966). Rajasthan Through the Ages: From the earliest times to 1316 A.D. Rajasthan State Archives. pp. 226–228.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  3. ↑ Singh Chib, Sukhdev (1979). Rajasthan. The University of Michigan. p. 118.
  4. ↑ Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India), Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India) (1834). Journal: Volume 3. Asiatic Society (Calcutta, India). p. 343.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Bakker, Hans (29 June 2015). The World of the Skandapurāṇa. BRILL. p. 129. ISBN 978-90-04-27714-4.
  6. ↑ India Tourism Development Corporation, India Tourism Development Corporation (1975). Guide to Rajasthan. India Tourism Development Corporation. p. 169.
  7. ↑ Rajasthan State Gazetteer, Rajasthan State Gazetteer (1995). Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture. Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan. p. 322.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Rajputana (Agency), Rajputana (Agency) (1880). The Rajputana Gazetteer Volume 3. Harvard University. p. 16.
  9. ↑ Bakker, Hans (29 June 2015). The World of the Skandapurāṇa. BRILL. p. 129. ISBN 978-90-04-27714-4.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series, Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series (1965). Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series. The University of California. p. 52.
  11. ↑ Singh, R.B (1975). Origin of the Rajputs. Sahitya Sansar Prakashan. p. 40.
  12. ↑ Shyam Manohar Mishra 1977, p. 48.
  13. ↑ Topsfield, Andrew (2001). Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar. Artibus Asiae Publishers. p. 17. ISBN 9783907077030.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 R. C. Majumdar 1977, p. 298-299.
  15. ↑ Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 45.
  16. ↑ Khalid Yahya Blankinship 1994, p. 188.

Bibliography


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