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{{short description|Mixture of five foods used for worship by Hindus and Jains i}}
{{short description|Mixture of five foods used for worship by Hindus and Jains}}
[[File:Panchamrita.jpg|thumb|The five ingredients of panchamrita: milk, yogurt, ghee, honey, and Tulsi. ]]
[[File:Panchamrita.jpg|thumb|The five ingredients of panchamrita: milk, yogurt, ghee, honey, and Tulsi. ]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
'''Panchamrita''' (lit. ''five [[Amrita|{{IAST|Amṛta}}s]]'' in [[Sanskrit]]) is a mixture of five foods used in [[Hindu]] as well as Jain worship and [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]] and [[Abhiṣeka]] which are usually [[honey]], [[Tulsi]], [[cow milk]], [[curd]] and [[ghee]].<ref>For definition of {{lang|sa|पञ्चामृत}} ([[IAST]]: ''{{IAST|pañcāmṛta}}'' ) as "the collection of five sweet things used in worshipping deities" see: {{Harvnb|Apte|1965|p=578}},</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Delamaine|first=James|date=1826|title=Of the Sra'wacs or Jains|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25581717|journal=Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=1|issue=2|pages=413–438|doi=10.1017/S095047370000029X|jstor=25581717|issn=0950-4737}}</ref> After panchamrita is used in puja and abhisheka, it is distributed as [[Prasāda|prasad]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/food/mahashivratri-2018-importance-of-panchamrit-and-how-to-make-it-at-home-1808879|title=Happy Mahashivratri 2018: Importance Of Panchamrit And How To Make It At Home|website=NDTV.com|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref>
'''Panchamrita''' ({{Lang-sa|पञ्चामृत}}, lit. ''five [[Amrita|{{IAST|Amṛta}}s]]'') is a mixture of five foods used in [[Hindu]] as well as Jain worship and [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]] and [[Abhiṣeka]]<ref>For definition of {{lang|sa|पञ्चामृत}} ([[IAST]]: ''{{IAST|pañcāmṛta}}'' ) as "the collection of five sweet things used in worshipping deities" see: {{Harvnb|Apte|1965|p=578}},</ref> It is often used as an [[Sacrifice|offering]] during [[puja (Hinduism)|pooja]] post which it is distributed as [[Prasāda|prasad]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/food/mahashivratri-2018-importance-of-panchamrit-and-how-to-make-it-at-home-1808879|title=Happy Mahashivratri 2018: Importance Of Panchamrit And How To Make It At Home|website=NDTV.com|access-date=2020-03-05}}</ref>


==Preparation==
There are regional variations in the ingredients used.<ref>{{cite book|last = Karigoudar| first = Ishwaran| title = A populistic community and modernization in India| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nNYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA30| access-date = 23 May 2009| isbn = 9004047905 | year = 1977 }}</ref> In [[North India]], usually [[honey]], [[Tulsi|Jaggery]], [[cow milk]], [[curd]] and [[ghee]] are used as the main ingredients.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Delamaine|first=James|date=1826|title=Of the Sra'wacs or Jains|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25581717|journal=Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=1|issue=2|pages=413–438|doi=10.1017/S095047370000029X|jstor=25581717|issn=0950-4737}}</ref>
Panchamrita is prepared by mixing cow milk, curd, honey, jaggery, and ghee.
However, there may be certain regional variations in ingredients. Most south Indians add ripe banana<ref>{{cite book
  | last = Karigoudar
  | first = Ishwaran
  | title = A populistic community and modernization in India
  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nNYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA30
  | access-date = 2009-05-23| isbn = 9004047905
  | year = 1977
  }}</ref> as well. Panchamrita is an [[Ayurveda|Ayurvedic]] preparation but has been manipulated in several places to cut costs and increase keeping value.{{Citation needed|date=September 2019}}


Some people use sugar instead of jaggery, which is not accepted by all, as sugar is not a natural element like jaggery and sugar is sometimes refined using [[bone char]]coal which makes it inappropriate to use for pooja.{{Citation needed|date=September 2019}}
In [[Tamil Nadu]], Panchamirtham ({{Lang-ta|பஞ்சாமிர்தம்}}) is a mixture of [[banana]], [[ghee]], [[honey]], [[jaggery]] and [[cardamom]]. In addition, other substances like seedless dates and sugar candies are added.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.palanimurugantemple.tnhrce.in/facilities/panchamirtham.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714115849/http://www.palanimurugantemple.tnhrce.in/facilities/panchamirtham.html |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Keralites]] may also include tender coconut. Some recipes also include grapes.<ref>{{cite book| last = Nair | first = K.K. | title = Sages Through Ages, Proof of divinity given  | date = 26 March 2003 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ocKK64IZHakC&pg=PA111 | access-date = 23 May 2009| isbn = 9781418446895}}</ref>


In [[Palani Murugan temple]], Tamil Nadu, panchamrita consists of banana, sugar, ghee, honey, seedless dates, cardamom and sugar candy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.palanimurugantemple.tnhrce.in/facilities/panchamirtham.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714115849/http://www.palanimurugantemple.tnhrce.in/facilities/panchamirtham.html |archive-date=14 July 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The banana used is the Virupatchi variety, which grows only in the [[Palani hills]] and has very low water content.<ref>{{cite news|title=Palani temple to double panchamritam production|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-10-06/news/28460028_1_panchamirtham-palani-temple-prasadam|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=6 October 2009|location=Palani, India}}</ref>
[[Palani Dhandayuthapani temple]] located in Tamil Nadu is popular for its unique panchamirtham which uses Virupatchi hill bananas grown in the surrounding [[Palani hills]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Palani temple to double panchamritam production|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-10-06/news/28460028_1_panchamirtham-palani-temple-prasadam|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=6 October 2009|location=Palani, India}}</ref> It received its unique [[Geographical indication]] in 2019 from the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/panchamirtham-of-palani-temple-gets-gi-,/reftag/article29089343.ece|title= ‘Panchamirtham’ of Palani temple gets GI tag| publisher=The Hindu| date=14 August 2019}}</ref>
[[File:Statue of Ahimsa 2.jpg|thumb|alt=|Panchamrit Abhishek of Sri Gomateshwara Jainism. ]]
[[Keralites]] may also include tender coconut. Some recipes also include grapes.<ref>{{cite book
  | last = Nair
  | first = K.K.
  | title = Sages Through Ages, Proof of divinity given
  | date = 2007-03-26
  | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ocKK64IZHakC&pg=PA111
  | access-date = 2009-05-23| isbn = 9781418446895
  }}</ref>
 
==Usage==
*It is used as an [[Sacrifice|offering]] during [[puja (Hinduism)|pooja]]s.
*It is used as a libation during [[Abhisheka]].
*It is also used as a skin cleanser.
*It was introduced into the practice of [[African American]] [[Hoodoo (folk magic)|hoodoo folk-magic]] by the [[occult]] writer [[Henri Gamache]] during the 1940s.<ref>{{cite book
  | last = Millett
  | first = Deacon
  | title = Hoodoo Honey and Sugar Spells: Sweet Love Magic in the Conjure Tradition
  | publisher = Lucky Mojo Curio Co.
  | date = 2013
  | isbn = 978-0-9719612-4-1
  }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 19:42, 13 November 2021

The five ingredients of panchamrita: milk, yogurt, ghee, honey, and Tulsi.

Panchamrita (Sanskrit: पञ्चामृत, lit. five Amṛtas) is a mixture of five foods used in Hindu as well as Jain worship and puja and Abhiṣeka[1] It is often used as an offering during pooja post which it is distributed as prasad.[2]

There are regional variations in the ingredients used.[3] In North India, usually honey, Jaggery, cow milk, curd and ghee are used as the main ingredients.[4]

In Tamil Nadu, Panchamirtham (Tamil: பஞ்சாமிர்தம்) is a mixture of banana, ghee, honey, jaggery and cardamom. In addition, other substances like seedless dates and sugar candies are added.[5] Keralites may also include tender coconut. Some recipes also include grapes.[6]

Palani Dhandayuthapani temple located in Tamil Nadu is popular for its unique panchamirtham which uses Virupatchi hill bananas grown in the surrounding Palani hills.[7] It received its unique Geographical indication in 2019 from the Government of India.[8]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ For definition of पञ्चामृत (IAST: pañcāmṛta ) as "the collection of five sweet things used in worshipping deities" see: Apte 1965, p. 578,
  2. ↑ "Happy Mahashivratri 2018: Importance Of Panchamrit And How To Make It At Home". NDTV.com. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  3. ↑ Karigoudar, Ishwaran (1977). A populistic community and modernization in India. ISBN 9004047905. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  4. ↑ Delamaine, James (1826). "Of the Sra'wacs or Jains". Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 1 (2): 413–438. doi:10.1017/S095047370000029X. ISSN 0950-4737. JSTOR 25581717.
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ↑ Nair, K.K. (26 March 2003). Sages Through Ages, Proof of divinity given. ISBN 9781418446895. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  7. ↑ "Palani temple to double panchamritam production". The Economic Times. Palani, India. 6 October 2009.
  8. ↑ "'Panchamirtham' of Palani temple gets GI tag". The Hindu. 14 August 2019.
  • Apte, Vaman Shivram (1965), The Practical Sanskrit Dictionary (Fourth revised and enlarged ed.), Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, ISBN 81-208-0567-4


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