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{{ | {{Short description|Rohilla chieftain}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} | |||
{{Infobox person | |||
| name = Zabita Khan | | name = Zabita Khan | ||
| image = Zabita Khan.jpg | | image = Zabita Khan.jpg | ||
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| father = [[Najib ad-Dawlah]] | | father = [[Najib ad-Dawlah]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Zabita Khan Rohilla''' (died 21 January 1785) was a [[Rohilla]] chieftain in the time of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor [[Shah Alam II]]. | '''Zabita Khan Rohilla''' (died 21 January 1785) was a [[Rohilla]] chieftain in the time of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor [[Shah Alam II]]. | ||
== Biography == | == Biography == | ||
Zabita Khan was the eldest son of [[Najib ad-Dawlah|Najib-ud-Daula]], a leader of the Afghan [[Rohilla]] and founder of the city of [[Najibabad]] (Uttar Pradesh).{{Sfn|Sarkar|1952|p=34}} The Rohillas were Afghans who settled between Delhi and the Himalaya with [[Bareilly]] as their first city. They were let by individual chieftains. In the mid-18th century, their most important chieftains were Najib-ud-Daula, [[Hafiz Rahmat Khan Barech|Hafiz Rahmat Khan]] and Ahmed Khan Bangash.{{Sfn|Gupta|1944|pp=9–10}} | |||
Zabita Khan is known to have fought alongside his father during the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] in 1761. | |||
In March 1768 Najib-ud-Daula retired his leadership over the Rohillas and declared Zabita Khan to be his successor,{{Sfn|Sarkar|1950|p=297}} while he moved to Najibabad. Two of Najib-ud-Daula's high ranking officers resisted (Ali Muhammed Kur and Sayyid Mian Asrar-ud-din [also known as Lambi Mian]) but were crushed by Zabita Khan.{{Sfn|Sarkar|1950|p=298}} On 15 October 1769 Najib-ud-Daula went to Delhi, where Zabita Khan was hosted by the Dowager Empress and the Crown Prince.{{Sfn|Sarkar|1950|p=298}} | |||
At the time of his father's death on 31{{nbsp}}October 1770, Zabita Khan was said to be the second richest person in northern India after the Jat King.{{Sfn|Sarkar|1950|p=305}} As his father's eldest son he was invested as ''[[Akbar#Political government|Mir Bakhshi]]'' (Head of the Mughal Army) by [[Shah Alam II]] on 29{{nbsp}}December 1770.{{Sfn|Sarkar|1952|pp=34–35}} During his rule, the [[Marathas]] captured, first [[Delhi]] in 1771 and then [[Rohilkhand]] in 1772,{{Sfn|Rathod|1994|pp=7–8}} forcing him to flee to the camp of the [[Nawab of Awadh]], [[Shuja-ud-Daula]]. | |||
== Death == | == Death == | ||
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* {{Cite book|last=Fanshawe|first=Herbert Charles|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924095603076/|title=Delhi Past and Present|publisher=John Murray|year=1902|location=London}} | * {{Cite book|last=Fanshawe|first=Herbert Charles|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924095603076/|title=Delhi Past and Present|publisher=John Murray|year=1902|location=London}} | ||
* {{Cite book|last=Francklin|first=William|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofreignof00fran#page/n3/mode/2up|title=The History of the Reign of Shah-Aulum, The present emperor of Hindostaun|publisher=Cooper and Graham|year=1798|location=London|author-link=William Francklin}} | * {{Cite book|last=Francklin|first=William|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofreignof00fran#page/n3/mode/2up|title=The History of the Reign of Shah-Aulum, The present emperor of Hindostaun|publisher=Cooper and Graham|year=1798|location=London|author-link=William Francklin}} | ||
* {{Cite book|title=Maharashtra Archives: Bulletin of the Department of Archives|last=Lal|first=Munna|translator-last=Sarkar|translator-first=Jadunath|translator-link=Jadunath Sarkar|year=1970|chapter=Tarikh-i-Shah Alam|editor-last=Khobrekar|editor-first=V. G.|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.7692/page/n3/mode/2up|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.7692|volume=5|publisher=Government Printing and Stationary|location=Bombay|pages= | * {{Cite book|last=Gupta|first=Hari Ram|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.280259|title=History of the Sikhs|publisher=The Minerva Bookshop|year=1944|volume=II|author-link=Hari Ram Gupta}} | ||
* {{ | * {{Cite journal|last=Malik|first=Zahiruddin|date=1982|title=Persian Documents pertaining to the tragic End of Ghulam Qadir Rohilla, 1780–1789|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=43|pages=565–571|issn=2249-1937|jstor=44141288}} | ||
* {{Cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet. | * {{Cite book|title=Maharashtra Archives: Bulletin of the Department of Archives|last=Lal|first=Munna|translator-last=Sarkar|translator-first=Jadunath|translator-link=Jadunath Sarkar|year=1970|chapter=Tarikh-i-Shah Alam|editor-last=Khobrekar|editor-first=V. G.|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.7692/page/n3/mode/2up|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.7692|volume=5|publisher=Government Printing and Stationary|location=Bombay|pages=1–46}} | ||
* {{Cite book|title=The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia|last=Rathod|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=1994|first=N. G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPq640stHJ0C|isbn=9788185431529}} | |||
* {{Cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.14985|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire|publisher=M. C. Sarkar & Sons|year=1950|edition=2|volume=II|location=Calcutta|author-link=Jadunath Sarkar}} | |||
* {{Cite book|last=Sarkar|first=Jadunath|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.1681|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire|publisher=M. C. Sarkar & Sons|year=1952|edition=2|volume=III|location=Calcutta|author-mask=7|author-link=Jadunath Sarkar}} | |||
* {{Cite book|last=Strachey|first=John|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.81582|title=Hastings and the Rohilla War|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1892|location=Oxford}} | * {{Cite book|last=Strachey|first=John|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.81582|title=Hastings and the Rohilla War|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1892|location=Oxford}} | ||
* {{Cite book|last=Zail|first=Mahrauli|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.69531|title=List of Muhammadan and Hindu Monuments|publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India|year=1922|volume=III|location=Calcutta}} | * {{Cite book|last=Zail|first=Mahrauli|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.69531|title=List of Muhammadan and Hindu Monuments|publisher=Superintendent Government Printing, India|year=1922|volume=III|location=Calcutta}} | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* [http://infomotions.com/etexts/gutenberg/dirs/etext98/tfmeh10.htm ''Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan''], [[Henry George Keene (1826–1915)|Keene, H. G.]] | * [http://infomotions.com/etexts/gutenberg/dirs/etext98/tfmeh10.htm ''Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan''], [[Henry George Keene (1826–1915)|Keene, H. G.]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:47, 23 October 2021
Zabita Khan | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Zabita Khan by Mihr Chand (c. 1770) | |
| Died | 21 January 1785 |
| Resting place | Dargah Qutub Sahib 28°31′09.41″N 77°10′49.3″E / 28.5192806°N 77.180361°E |
| Children | Ghulam Kadir |
| Parent(s) |
|
Zabita Khan Rohilla (died 21 January 1785) was a Rohilla chieftain in the time of the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
Biography[edit | edit source]
Zabita Khan was the eldest son of Najib-ud-Daula, a leader of the Afghan Rohilla and founder of the city of Najibabad (Uttar Pradesh).[1] The Rohillas were Afghans who settled between Delhi and the Himalaya with Bareilly as their first city. They were let by individual chieftains. In the mid-18th century, their most important chieftains were Najib-ud-Daula, Hafiz Rahmat Khan and Ahmed Khan Bangash.[2]
Zabita Khan is known to have fought alongside his father during the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761.
In March 1768 Najib-ud-Daula retired his leadership over the Rohillas and declared Zabita Khan to be his successor,[3] while he moved to Najibabad. Two of Najib-ud-Daula's high ranking officers resisted (Ali Muhammed Kur and Sayyid Mian Asrar-ud-din [also known as Lambi Mian]) but were crushed by Zabita Khan.[4] On 15 October 1769 Najib-ud-Daula went to Delhi, where Zabita Khan was hosted by the Dowager Empress and the Crown Prince.[4]
At the time of his father's death on 31 October 1770, Zabita Khan was said to be the second richest person in northern India after the Jat King.[5] As his father's eldest son he was invested as Mir Bakhshi (Head of the Mughal Army) by Shah Alam II on 29 December 1770.[6] During his rule, the Marathas captured, first Delhi in 1771 and then Rohilkhand in 1772,[7] forcing him to flee to the camp of the Nawab of Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daula.
Death[edit | edit source]
.jpg)
Zabita Khan died on 21 January 1785. He was succeeded by his son Ghulam Kadir.[8] His grave is in the courtyard of the Dargah Qutub Sahib in Mehrauli, a shrine dedicated to the Sufi mystic Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, and preserved to this day. Some allege that he is buried next to his son Ghulam Kadir, though most consider it more likely that the adjacent grave belongs to Zabita Khan's wife.[9][10]
Legacy[edit | edit source]
Zabita Khan founded the Masjid Zabta Ganj, a mosque in Delhi, which is still operated.[11]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Sarkar 1952, p. 34.
- ↑ Gupta 1944, pp. 9–10.
- ↑ Sarkar 1950, p. 297.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sarkar 1950, p. 298.
- ↑ Sarkar 1950, p. 305.
- ↑ Sarkar 1952, pp. 34–35.
- ↑ Rathod 1994, pp. 7–8.
- ↑ Sarkar 1952, p. 302.
- ↑ Zail 1922, p. 43.
- ↑ Fanshawe 1902, p. 283.
- ↑ Khandekar, Nivedita (18 November 2012). "A spot of shining white". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- Fanshawe, Herbert Charles (1902). Delhi Past and Present. London: John Murray.
- Francklin, William (1798). The History of the Reign of Shah-Aulum, The present emperor of Hindostaun. London: Cooper and Graham.
- Gupta, Hari Ram (1944). History of the Sikhs. Vol. II. The Minerva Bookshop.
- Malik, Zahiruddin (1982). "Persian Documents pertaining to the tragic End of Ghulam Qadir Rohilla, 1780–1789". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 43: 565–571. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44141288.
- Lal, Munna (1970). "Tarikh-i-Shah Alam". In Khobrekar, V. G. (ed.). Maharashtra Archives: Bulletin of the Department of Archives. Vol. 5. Translated by Sarkar, Jadunath. Bombay: Government Printing and Stationary. pp. 1–46.
- Rathod, N. G. (1994). The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia. Sarup & Sons. ISBN 9788185431529.
- Sarkar, Jadunath (1950). Fall of the Mughal Empire. Vol. II (2 ed.). Calcutta: M. C. Sarkar & Sons.
- ——————— (1952). Fall of the Mughal Empire. Vol. III (2 ed.). Calcutta: M. C. Sarkar & Sons.
- Strachey, John (1892). Hastings and the Rohilla War. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Zail, Mahrauli (1922). List of Muhammadan and Hindu Monuments. Vol. III. Calcutta: Superintendent Government Printing, India.
Further reading[edit | edit source]
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