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{{Short description|Maharaja of Mysore from 1799–1868}} | |||
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}} | {{EngvarB|date=August 2014}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} | ||
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|coronation = 30 June 1799, Royal Palace, Mysore | |coronation = 30 June 1799, Royal Palace, Mysore | ||
|predecessor = [[Chamaraja Wodeyar IX]] (1776–1796) (father) (Under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan)<br> | |predecessor = [[Chamaraja Wodeyar IX]] (1776–1796) (father) (Under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan)<br> | ||
[[Tipu Sultan]](1782 – 1799) | [[Tipu Sultan]] (1782 – 1799) | ||
|successor = [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]] (son) | |successor = [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]] (son) | ||
|birth_date = 14 July 1794 | |birth_date = 14 July 1794 | ||
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|religion=[[Hindu]] | |religion=[[Hindu]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
Maharaja '''Krishnaraja Wadiyar III''' (Sriman Rajadhiraja Raja Parameshvara Praudha-pratapa Apratima-vira Narapati Birud-antembara-ganda Maharaja Sir Krishnaraja Wadiyar III Bahadur | Maharaja '''Krishnaraja Wadiyar III''' (Sriman Rajadhiraja Raja Parameshvara Praudha-pratapa Apratima-vira Narapati Birud-antembara-ganda Maharaja Sir Krishnaraja Wadiyar III Bahadur; 14 July 1794 – 27 March 1868) was the twenty-second [[maharaja]] of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]]. Also known as Mummadi Krishnaraja Wadiyar, the maharaja belonged to the [[Wadiyar dynasty]] and ruled the kingdom for nearly seventy years, from 30 June 1799 to 27 March 1868. He is known for his contribution and patronage to different arts and music during his reign. He was succeeded by his adopted son, [[Chamarajendra Wadiyar X]]. | ||
==Early years== | ==Early years== | ||
Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, who was born at [[Srirangapatna]], was the son of Khasa [[Chamaraja Wodeyar IX|Chamaraja Wadiyar IX]] (who was born at Arikottara, now [[Chamarajanagar]]) and his first wife, Maharani Kempananjammani Avaru.<ref>Annals of The Mysore Royal Family Part-1: A publication by the Royal Family of Mysore: 1916</ref> Maharani Lakshmi Ammani Devi, his adoptive grandmother, played a major role in the education and upbringing of her adopted grandson, Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, and was instrumental in his ascendancy to the Mysore throne.<ref name="hist">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p265</ref> | Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, who was born at [[Srirangapatna]], was the son of Khasa [[Chamaraja Wodeyar IX|Chamaraja Wadiyar IX]] (who was born at Arikottara, now [[Chamarajanagar]]) and his first wife, Maharani Kempananjammani Avaru.<ref>Annals of The Mysore Royal Family Part-1: A publication by the Royal Family of Mysore: 1916</ref> Maharani [[Lakshmi Ammani Devi]], his adoptive grandmother, played a major role in the education and upbringing of her adopted grandson, Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, and was instrumental in his ascendancy to the Mysore throne.<ref name="hist">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p265</ref> | ||
Maharani Lakshmi Ammani Devi was awaiting a chance to unseat Hyder Ali (who died) and later his son [[Tipu Sultan]], and had sent numerous feelers to the [[British Raj#Building the Raj: British expansion across India|British]] to unseat him and hand over the kingdom to the Wadiyars. She also informed the British about the treaty between [[Tipu Sultan]] and the [[French India|French]].<ref name="hist1">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p271</ref> When Tipu Sultan died at the hands of the British in 1799, she discussed about the handover of the Mysore throne, which finally led to the installation of the five-year-old Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, as the Maharaja of Mysore on 30 June 1799.<ref name="hist2">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p266</ref> | Maharani Lakshmi Ammani Devi was awaiting a chance to unseat Hyder Ali (who died) and later his son [[Tipu Sultan]], and had sent numerous feelers to the [[British Raj#Building the Raj: British expansion across India|British]] to unseat him and hand over the kingdom to the Wadiyars. She also informed the British about the treaty between [[Tipu Sultan]] and the [[French India|French]].<ref name="hist1">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p271</ref> When Tipu Sultan died at the hands of the British in 1799, she discussed about the handover of the Mysore throne, which finally led to the installation of the five-year-old Krishnaraja Wadiyar III, as the Maharaja of Mysore on 30 June 1799.<ref name="hist2">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p266</ref> | ||
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Krishnaraja Wadiyar III attained the age of 16 in early 1810 and hence attained the age of discretion. After discussing with the British Resident, A. H. Cole, the reins of the state were transferred from Dewan [[Purnaiah]] to the king.<ref name="hist5">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p383</ref> But the king lost the services of his grandmother, who died in 1810, and also of Purnaiah, who died in 1812. | Krishnaraja Wadiyar III attained the age of 16 in early 1810 and hence attained the age of discretion. After discussing with the British Resident, A. H. Cole, the reins of the state were transferred from Dewan [[Purnaiah]] to the king.<ref name="hist5">Rajakaryaprasakta Rao Bahadur (1936), p383</ref> But the king lost the services of his grandmother, who died in 1810, and also of Purnaiah, who died in 1812. | ||
The years that followed witnessed cordial relations between Mysore and the British until things began to sour in the 1820s. Even though the [[Governor of Madras]], [[Thomas Munro]], determined after a personal investigation in 1825 that there was no substance to the allegations of financial impropriety made by A. H. Cole, the incumbent Resident of Mysore, the civil insurrection which broke out towards the end of the decade changed things considerably. In 1831, close on the heels of the insurrection and citing maladministration, the British took direct control of the princely state. For the next fifty years, Mysore passed under the rule of successive British Commissioners; Lieutenant-General [[Mark Cubbon]], renowned for his statesmanship, served from 1834 until 1861 and put into place an efficient and successful administrative system which left Mysore a well-developed state. | The years that followed witnessed cordial relations between Mysore and the British until things began to sour in the 1820s. Even though the [[Governor of Madras]], [[Thomas Munro]], determined after a personal investigation in 1825 that there was no substance to the allegations of financial impropriety made by A. H. Cole, the incumbent Resident of Mysore, the civil insurrection (commonly known as [[Nagar revolt]]) which broke out towards the end of the decade changed things considerably. In 1831, close on the heels of the insurrection and citing maladministration, the British took direct control of the princely state. For the next fifty years, Mysore passed under the rule of successive British Commissioners; Lieutenant-General [[Mark Cubbon]], renowned for his statesmanship, served from 1834 until 1861 and put into place an efficient and successful administrative system which left Mysore a well-developed state. | ||
==Contribution to culture== | ==Contribution to culture== | ||