Bharatpedia

Geography of Salem

Salem is located at 11.67°N 78.14°E, at an average elevation of 278 m (912 ft.). The city is surrounded by hills: Nagaramalai on the north, Jarugumalai on the south, Kanjamalai on the west, Godumalai on the east and the Shevaroy Hills on the northeast. Kariyaperumal Hill is in southwestern Salem. The Thirumanimutharu River flows through the city, dividing it in two. The fort area is the oldest part of Salem.

Salem city from Hills.jpg

GeologyEdit

Salem lies in the foothills of Shevaroy hills which houses the famous hill Station 'Yercaud'.and the entire city is surrounded by hills and mountain , Salem is rich in steel and magnesite.

 

ClimateEdit

Salem has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). January and February are generally pleasant; the hot summer begins in March, with the year's highest temperatures during April. Pre-monsoon thunderstorms occur during April and May. The Southwest monsoon season lasts from June to September. The northeast monsoon occurs from October to December.[1][2]

Climate data for Salem, Tamil Nadu (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 37.2
(99.0) 		39.4
(102.9) 		41.7
(107.1) 		42.8
(109.0) 		42.8
(109.0) 		42.8
(109.0) 		40.6
(105.1) 		39.9
(103.8) 		38.9
(102.0) 		37.9
(100.2) 		35.6
(96.1) 		35.6
(96.1) 		42.8
(109.0)
Average high °C (°F) 32.1
(89.8) 		34.7
(94.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		37.8
(100.0) 		37.2
(99.0) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.0
(93.2) 		33.4
(92.1) 		33.2
(91.8) 		32.1
(89.8) 		31.0
(87.8) 		30.7
(87.3) 		34.0
(93.2)
Average low °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6) 		20.4
(68.7) 		22.5
(72.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		25.0
(77.0) 		24.1
(75.4) 		23.4
(74.1) 		23.0
(73.4) 		22.8
(73.0) 		22.4
(72.3) 		21.1
(70.0) 		19.6
(67.3) 		22.4
(72.3)
Record low °C (°F) 12.8
(55.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		14.4
(57.9) 		16.5
(61.7) 		18.3
(64.9) 		19.3
(66.7) 		18.9
(66.0) 		18.1
(64.6) 		18.5
(65.3) 		15.5
(59.9) 		12.8
(55.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		11.1
(52.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 4.4
(0.17) 		3.4
(0.13) 		17.3
(0.68) 		55.5
(2.19) 		109.7
(4.32) 		72.4
(2.85) 		108.0
(4.25) 		140.6
(5.54) 		176.5
(6.95) 		185.5
(7.30) 		110.2
(4.34) 		35.0
(1.38) 		1,018.5
(40.10)
Average rainy days 0.3 0.3 0.8 3.2 6.3 4.8 6.3 8.1 8.6 9.9 6.4 2.6 57.6
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 45 36 33 40 49 55 57 58 61 69 66 56 52
Source: India Meteorological Department[3][4]

Water sourcesEdit

Mettur Dam is the main water resource for Salem District and even for Namakkal , Erode , Tiruppur , Tiruchirappalli , Nagapattinam, Thanjvur , Mayiladuthurai districts. Other than Mettur dam small lakes and ponds like Kannankurichi lake, Mookaneri lake ect,. are the water sources of Salem district.

 
Mookaneri lake
 
Mettur dam

AdministrationsEdit

Salem is the headquarters of Salem district. The town was constituted as a municipality in 1867, and was upgraded to a special-grade municipality in 1979 and to a municipal corporation on 1 April 1994. The Salem municipal corporation has 72 wards,[5] each with an elected councillor.[6] The functions of the municipal corporation are divided into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning and information technology (IT). All six departments are governed by a municipal commissioner.[7] Legislative power is vested in the 60-member council,[8] headed by an elected chairperson and assisted by a deputy chairperson.[9]

Law and order is maintained by the Salem city subdivision of the Tamil Nadu Police, headed by a Deputy superintendent. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by a superintendent of police.[10]

Salem is a part of the Salem North, Salem West and Salem South assembly constituencies delineated in 2008.[11] The city elects the three members to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly once every five years.[12] Present MLAs are R. Mohan Raj (Salem North) from Desiya Murpokku Dravidar Kazhagam, M. K. Selvaraju (Salem West) and G. Venkatachalam (Salem South) from All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.

Until 2008, the city was part of the Salem I and Salem II assembly constituencies. Since 1977, the ADMK party won the Salem I assembly seat five times (1977, 1980, 1984, 2001 and 2006); Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam won twice (1989 and 1996), and the Indian National Congress (INC) won in 1991.[13] Since 1977, the ADMK won the Salem II assembly seat three times (1980, 1984 and 1991) and the DMK also won three times (1989, 1996 and 2006); the Janata Party (JP) won in 1977 and Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) won in 2001.[14]

The city is part of the Salem Lok Sabha constituency consisting of six assembly constituencies: Omalur, Salem North, Salem South, Salem West, Veerapandi and Edappadi.[15] Since 1952, the Salem parliament seat was held by the Indian National Congress eight times (1952, 1957, 1962, 1984, 1989, 1991 and 2004), by the ADMK four times (1977, 1991, 2009 and 2014), by DMK three times (1967, 1971 and 1980), and once each by an independent (1998) and the Tamil Maanila Congress (1996).[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. R. Parthiban from the DMK.

GalleryEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ "DISTRICT GROUNDWATER BROCHURE SALEM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU" (PDF). Central Ground Water Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  2. ↑ "Ground Water Augmentation Of Kannankuruchi Lake, Salem, TamilNadu Using GIS" (PDF). International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  3. ↑ "Station: Salem Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 679–680. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  4. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M203. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  5. ↑ "Salem Corporation to increase number of wards". The Hindu. 1 June 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  6. ↑ "About the municipal corporation". Salem municipal corporation. 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  7. ↑ "Commissioner of Municipal Administration". Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. 2006. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  8. ↑ "Councillors of municipal corporation". Salem municipal corporation. 2011. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  9. ↑ "Economic and political weekly, Volume 30". Sameeksha Trust. 1995: 2396. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. ↑ "Salem Police". Tamil Nadu Police. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 October 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  11. ↑ "New Constituencies, Post-Delimitation 2008" (PDF). Chief Electoral Officer, Tamil Nadu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 May 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  12. ↑ "List of Assembly Constituencies". Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu state government. 2010. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  13. ↑ "Partywise Comparison Since 1977". Election Commission of India. 2011. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  14. ↑ "Partywise Comparison Since 1977". Election Commission of India. 2011. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  15. ↑ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
  16. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 17. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  17. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 49. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  18. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 67. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  19. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 71. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  20. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 80. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  21. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 79. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  22. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 73. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  23. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 81. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  24. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 51. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  25. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 86. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  26. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 85. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  27. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 85. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  28. ↑ "Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha" (PDF). Election Commission of India. p. 94. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
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