Duruwa language

Dhurwa
Dhurwa
ପରଜି; धुरवा
Native to	India
Native speakers	52,349 (2011 census)
Language family	Dravidian Central Dravidian Parji–Gadaba Dhurwa; ; ;
Writing system	Odia script, Devanagari script
Language codes
ISO 639-3	pci
Glottolog	duru1236

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Duruwa (Odia: ପରଜି, Devanagari: दुरुवा) or Dhurwa or Parji is a Central Dravidian language spoken by the Duruwa people of India, in the districts of Koraput in Odisha and Bastar in Chhattisgarh. The language is related to Ollari and Kolami, which is also spoken by other neighbouring tribes.

Classification[edit]

Duruwa is a member of the Central Dravidian languages.^[2]^[3] Duruwa is a spoken language and is generally not written. Whenever it is written, it makes use of the Devanagari script in Bastar district and Odia script in Koraput district.

Phonology[edit]

Consonants^[4]
		Labial	Dental	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t	ʈ	c	k
Plosive	voiced	b	d	ɖ	ɟ	ɡ
Fricative			(s)				(h)
Nasal		m	n	ɳ	ɲ	ŋ
Approximant	central	ʋ			j
Approximant	lateral		l
Tap			ɾ	ɽ

Dialects[edit]

There are four dialects: Tiriya, Nethanar, Dharba, and Kukanar. They are mutually intelligible.^{[citation needed]}

References[edit]

↑ "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
↑ Fairservis, Walter Ashlin (1997). The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. Asian Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 78. ISBN 978-90-04-09066-8.
↑ Stassen, Leon (1997). Intransitive Predication. Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory. Oxford University Press. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-19-925893-2.
↑ Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian languages (null ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 57. ISBN 9780511060373.

[1] "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-07-05.

[2] Fairservis, Walter Ashlin (1997). The Harappan Civilization and Its Writing: A Model for the Decipherment of the Indus Script. Asian Studies. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 78. ISBN 978-90-04-09066-8.

[3] Stassen, Leon (1997). Intransitive Predication. Oxford Studies in Typology and Linguistic Theory. Oxford University Press. p. 335. ISBN 978-0-19-925893-2.

[4] Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003). The Dravidian languages (null ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 57. ISBN 9780511060373.

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