Draft:Dakshina Kannada

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Dakshina Kannada (formerly South Canara) is a district of Karnataka state in India, with its headquarters in the port city of Mangalore. It is part of the larger Tulu Nadu region. The district covers an area nestled in between the Western Ghats to its east and the Arabian Sea to its west. Dakshina Kannada receives abundant rainfall during the Indian monsoon. It is bordered by Udupi district ( formerly a part of this district) to the north, Chikmagalur district to the northeast, Hassan district to the east, Kodagu to the southeast and Kasaragod district of Kerala to the south. According to the 2011 census of India, Dakshina Kannada district had a population of 2,083,625. Dakshina Kannada district is the second major district of Karnataka in all aspects after Bangalore Urban. It is the only district in Karnataka state to have all modes of transport like road, rail, water and air due to the presence of a major hub, Mangalore. This financial district is also known as the Cradle of Indian banking.

History[edit]

The Alupas (ಆಳುಪರು) ruled the erstwhile Dakshina Kannada region between the 8th and 14th century CE.[1] An Old Malayalam inscription (Ramanthali inscriptions), dated to 1075 CE, mentioning king Kunda Alupa, the ruler of Alupa dynasty of Mangalore, can be found at Ezhimala (the former headquarters of Mushika dynasty) near Cannanore, in the North Malabar region of Kerala.[2] It is one of the oldest inscriptions available about Alupa dynasty.[2] Before 1860, Dakshina Kannada was part of a district called Kanara, which was under a single administration in the Madras Presidency.[3] In 1860, the British split the area into South Canara and North Canara, the former being retained in the Madras Presidency, while the latter was made a part of Bombay Presidency in 1862.[4] Kundapur Taluk was earlier included in North Kanara but was later re-included in South Kanara.[5]

During the Reorganisation of States in 1956, Kasaragod was split and transferred to the newly created Kerala state and Dakshina Kannada was transferred to Mysore State (present day Karnataka).[6]

South Canara was a district under the British empire which included the present Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, Kasaragod districts and Aminidivi islands.[7][8] Canara district was bifurcated in 1859 to form North Canara and South Canara.[9] Dakshina Kannada became a district of Mysore State in 1956 which later was renamed Karnataka in 1973.[10] Kasaragod became a district of Kerala during the Re-organization of States and Aminidivi islands later became a part of Lakshadweep.[11] The Udupi district was formed from the northern taluks of Dakshina Kannada in 1997.[12] Later, the Karnataka Government, for the purpose of administration, split the greater Dakshina Kannada district into Udupi and present day Dakshina Kannada districts on 15 August 1997.[13] Three taluks of the former district – Udupi, Karkala and Kundapura – formed the new Udupi district.[14]

References[edit]

  1. Bhat, N. Shyam (1998). South Kanara, 1799–1860: a study in colonial administration and regional response. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-586-9.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Narayanan, M. G. S. Perumāḷs of Kerala. Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks, 2013. 483.
  3. Rangacharya, V. "Inscriptions of the Madras Presidency" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
  4. "History". Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. 14. South Kanara. p. 357.
  5. "Imperial Gazetteer of India" (PDF). Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  6. "States Reorganization Act 1956". Commonwealth Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
  7. Rangacharya, V. "Inscriptions of the Madras Presidency".
  8. "Template for district gazetteer - Lakshadweep" (PDF). National Informatics Centre, Lakshadweep. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  9. Kumar N I, Fedrick Sunil. "The Basel Mission in South Canara" (PDF). Department of History, University of Calicut, 2006. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  10. "Regional culture of Karnataka is diverse, unique: DC". Deccan Herald. 1 November 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  11. M, Amruth. "Forest-Agriculture Linkage and its Implications on Forest Management: A study of Delampady panchayat, Kasaragod district, Kerala" (PDF). Kerala Research Programme on Local Level Development Centre for Development Studies. Retrieved 6 October 2017.
  12. Patsy Lozupone, Bruce M. Beehler, Sidney Dillon Ripley.(2004).Ornithological gazetteer of the Indian subcontinent, p. 82. Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International. ISBN 1-881173-85-2.
  13. "Chapter III - Profile of Karnataka state" (PDF). Shodhganga. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  14. Bhat, N. Shyam. "South Kanara, 1799-1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response".


Further reading[edit]