Ror dynasty

The Ror dynasty (Sindhi: روهڙا راڄ‎) was a once a powerful dynasty from the Indian subcontinent that ruled modern-day Sindh region (& may be lower punjab region around Multan region, Bahawlpur & Rajanpur town of Rajanpur district in Dera Ghazi Khan division, Pakistani Punjab province. Note:- These are all based from 2023 or prior to 2020s.) and northwest India from 450 BC. Ror dynasty was founded by Raja Dhaj Ror Kumar. As capital of the Sauvira Kingdom, Roruka is mentioned as an important trading center in early Buddhist literature. Buddhist Jataka stories talk about exchanges of gifts between King Rudrayan of Roruka and King Bimbisara of Magadha. Divyavadana, the Buddhist chronicle has said that Ror historically competed with Pataliputra in terms of political influence. The scholar T.W. Rhys Davids has mentioned Roruka as one of the most important cities of India in the 7th century BCE. The warriors of the Ror dynasty stood as the steadfast guardians of their realm, fearless in battle and unwavering in their duty.Their courage was their legacy, and each Ror warrior carried the honor of their ancestry into every battle.In the heart of every Ror warrior burned an unyielding flame of loyalty and valor, defining the spirit of the Ror dynasty.

Ror Dynasty
Capital	Alor
Religion	Hinduism
Government	Absolute monarchy
Samraat (Emperor)
• 450 BC	Raja Dhaj Ror Kumar
Historical era	Antiquity
Today part of	India

After the establishment of Ror ( An ancient historical city, During vedic period from 1330 bce to 516 bce it was called as Roruka, the capital for Sauvira Kingdom in Sindhu-Sauvira joint kingdom, while Pattana is the ancient capital port city kr Sindhu kingdom, also known as Patala in greek during the Alexander III's of Macedon conquest to India, present day-Pakistan Sindh province inRam hypothetical event of the 'Battle of Patala' in 324/323 bce ) Dhaj Ror Kumar established Ror dynasty which ruled Sindh for thousand years from 450 BC. Today Ror people are found in North Eastern parts of Haryana.

The Rors ruled from Rori Shankar (near present-day Rohri in Sukkur district of Sindh) and was built by Raja Dhaj in the 5th century BCE or as early as late 6th century BCE (550 BCE - 501 BCE).

The Rise (Cause for Establishment) & Histories around Sindh:-

The persian invasion of Archaemenid Empire under Darius I in 516 bce during his campaign of India annexed Sindh region (Hindush in old persian language, from their "hindu" word likely originated, people of hindus/indus as people of India, in Antiquity era.) brought notable rise to Ror dynasty of Sindh. Though in his behistun rock inscriptions, there is no evidence of Hindush under his 23 regions of governance during his monarchy rule. So, this might contradicts of Persian ambitions of just conquering the sindh, rather they might vassalize it, still no solid archaeological evidence even in the persepolis treasury archives of tax districts. Unlike Sattagydia (Persian word:- Thatagusan, Sattagydia is a greek word) & Gandhara (Persian word:- Gandara, it's greek word version:- Gandarítai (Γανδαρῖται)), Drangiane (a greek word of Zranka, a.k.a Drangiana, It's Sanskrit name is:- Jranka or Marudeśa, because of vast unknown open arid climate in western flanks of Indian frontiers) & Kamboja (Arakhosia in greek & Harauvatiš in Old persian) these regions were briefly incorporated around but, Hindush wasn't incorporated rather it might vassalized due to it's unwilling support for persian illegal occupation. Except where the Kamboja & Jranka was annexed earlier during Cyrus the great in 540 bce. Hence, the rising Haryanka dynasty of Magadh allied with the Sindhu kingdom to overthrow persian occupation. During 510 bce, Sindh was restored by Haryanka dynasty because of the indian buddhist/jain influence of origins. So persian occupation only lived for a very short window of frame 516 bce to 510 bce. Later, 480 bce, Sindhu established the indigenous dynasty known as Ror dynasty of Sindh and this continued till 488 CE, where Rai dynasty of Sindh will carry the imperial jouney of Sindh from 489 CE - 632 CE). During 626 CE, Rai dynasty (a hindu buddhist state in Sindh) faced a succession crisis as the last emperor, Rai Sahasi II has no male heir of his, so it ended but during this time, the Sassanian governor of Nimroz under Khorsow II, launched a massive army invasion to retake the entire Sindh but only managed to retook the Makran coast from Sindh Rai empire because of tough and heavy cost war, The sassanids forces faced a huge shortage of manpower and even though they have the advantage of natural geography, they can't overwhelm the indian rai dynasty power dynamics. Chacha (brahmin) dynasty of Sindh continued till 632 CE to 712 CE & again in 715 CE to 725 CE, until it was fully destroyed by Abbasids Caliphate. During 712 CE to 715 CE, Ummayads Caliphate launched a naval and land joint invasion to capture Sindh under the brilliant arab war general from damascus, Muhammad Bin Qasim and under him, it was under 3 years and yet again, Sindh managed to regain the control.

There is no strong archaeological evidence of Darius I of enforcing taxation from fiscal revenue, 360 talents of gold dust every year ( A talent is the largest standard unit of physical weight measurement in ancient mediterranean civilizations or Near East, 1 euboean talent/greek talent in Mediterranean regions is roughly equal to 26 kilograms or 57 pounds, 26 kgs multiplication of 360 talents = 9360 kgs of pure gold which was unrefined gold dust or panned gold) from Sindh to the persian imperial coffin based in Persepolis & nearby, Pasargadae (capital around Cyrus the great, Note both of these cities are centered in core persian cultural region of Persis, basically equivalent of the famous north indian empire powerhouse like the Mauryan heartland of Magadha region).

The greek historian, Herodotus (484 bce - 425 bce) during the Archaemenid Empire, He claims in his histories self composed book of record, that "Darius the great (or, Darius I) wanted to find out where the Hindus river ends or it's mouth emptied out into sea(present day, it's Arabian sea) so, he gathered a group of trusted men, placing Skylax of Caryanda, he (or, Skylax) is a greek anatolian explorer and novel writer but his original works were lost in history earlier than Alexander the great (Alexander III of Macedon, from macedon city in macedonia region) invasion of India, modern-day Pakistan. Acc. to Herodotus, Skylax is said to have explored and sailed around persian easternmost frontier indus river to explore the unknown world of settlements. The thing that is truly uncertain about this claims of Herodotus and Skylax explorations is that he launched this exploration from Kaspatyrous, Pactyica in Kabul river (or, Gandhara region of Afghanistan side), It's almost possible that Skylax never truly achieved his goals and accomplished the dream of reaching Hindush (Sindhu) region because of steep river U shaped valley of middle course of Kabul river. He instead might discovered the mouth of Kabul river to Indus at their confluence near present day Attock city. This explorations in 515 bce only managed to limit the existing incorporated region of persian control of both Arakhosia's and Gandhara's brief river systems. He indeed sailed to mouth of Indus river but from Persis region, a coastal sea expedition though sources estimate may vary.

List of rulers →

Listing them starting from 450 BCE until 490 CE, the dynasty proceeded as follows:

• King Dhaj
• Kunak
• Rurak
• Harak
• Devanik
• Ahinak
• Paripat
• Bal Shah
• Vijay Bhan
• Khangar
• Raja Ror
• Har Ansh
• Brihad-datt
• Ishman
• Sridhar
• Mohri
• Prasann Ket
• Amirvan
• Mahasen
• Brihad-dhaul
• Harikeert
• Som
• Mitravan
• Pushyapata
• Sudaav
• Bideerakh
• Nahakman
• Mangalmitra
• Surat
• Pushkar Ket
• Antar Ket
• Sutjaya
• Brihad-dhwaj
• Bahuk
• Kampjayi
• Kagnish
• Kapish
• Sumantra
• Ling-laav
• Manasjit
• Sunder Ket
• Dadror

(last ruler of Ror dynasty)