Ram Rajya Parishad

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Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad
अखिल भारतीय रामराज्य परिषद्
AbbreviationRRP
President
SecretaryVidyasagar Bhushan Sharma (As of 2015)[1]
FounderSwami Karpatri
Founded7 April 1949; 77 years ago (1949-04-07)
Succeeded by
  • Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (Vasudev Shastri Atul) (deregistered)
  • Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (Prem Ballabh Vyas) (disputed)
Headquarters
  • Jaipur (formerly)
  • 7, Shri Krishna Bodh Dham, Shankaracharya Marg, Civil Lines, New Delhi, 110054[2]
Ideology
Political positionFar-right
Slogan
  • Dharma ki jaya ho! ("Victory to Dharma")
  • Adharma ka nasha ho! ("Destruction to Adharma")
  • Praniyon me sadbhavana ho! ("May there be goodwill among beings")
  • Vishwa ka kalyana ho! ("May the world prosper")
  • Gau hatya band ho! ("Ban cow slaughter")
  • Gau mata ki jai ho! ("Victory to Mother Cow")
  • Hara Hara Mahadeva! (Invocation to Shiva)
ECI StatusRegistered Unrecognized Political Party (RUPP) (disputed)
Election symbol
Party flag

The Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (RRP; lit. 'All India Council of Ram's Kingdom') was an Indian Hindu nationalist political party founded by Swami Karpatri in 1949,[3][4] originally headquartered in Jaipur.[5] As of 2022, Mahesh Kumar is the president of the surviving Delhi-based faction (RRP–PBV), with V. B. Sharma serving as general secretary as of 2015.[1][6]

History[edit | edit source]

Established in 1949, the RRP won three Lok Sabha seats in the 1952 general election and two seats in 1962.[7] Across the 1952, 1957, and 1962 legislative assembly elections, the party secured dozens of seats in the Hindi belt, primarily in Rajasthan. In accordance with traditionalist Hindu views, the party actively opposed the enactment of the Hindu code bills, together with other Hindu Parties.[8] Its official election symbol was the rising sun.[9]

During the 1950s, Swaroopanand Saraswati served as the party's president.[10] Prem Ballabh Vyas contested several elections as an RRP candidate as early as 1969,[11][12] while Vasudev Shastri Atul served as general secretary[13] and contested elections through 1980.[14][15][16]

Factional split and legal status[edit | edit source]

Following the death of Karpatri in 1982, internal divisions led to a split into two factions prior to 1989: one led by Vasudev Shastri Atul and another by Prem Ballabh Vyas.[17] The Prem Ballabh Vyas (PBV) faction was formally registered with the Election Commission of India (ECI) on 11 March 1992.[6]

The V.S. Atul faction contested seven elections without any success up to 1991[18] and was deregistered by the ECI by January 2001.[19] The PBV faction fielded candidates in fifteen elections between 1996 and 2007 without winning any seats.[20] Owing to ongoing leadership disputes, the ECI subsequently barred the group from contesting elections under the party name pending judicial resolution or internal settlement. The letter was sent by ECI to Neetu Kumar Bhadana at current headquarters address (Delhi) and Traymbekashwar Chaitanya ji Maharaj at Kanpur in 2019, suggesting them to be representatives of both sides of the dispute.[21]

In 2022, the Allahabad High Court dismissed a writ petition filed by a faction seeking re-registration, noting that the party had already been registered in 1992 and that the ECI could not adjudicate internal factional disputes. In April 2024, the High Court disposed of another writ petition by directing the ECI to decide on pending registration claims.[22] A civil contempt petition alleging non-compliance was filed in August 2024, which remains pending before the court as of October 2026.[needs update]

Electoral performance[edit | edit source]

Lok Sabha[edit | edit source]

Year Legislature Party leader Seats won Seats change Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular votes
1952 1st Lok Sabha Swami Karpatri 3 New 1.97% New 2,091,898
1957 2nd Lok Sabha 0 Decrease 3 0.38% Decrease 1.59% 460,838
1962 3rd Lok Sabha 2 Increase 2 0.60% Increase 0.22% 688,990

Myths[edit | edit source]

While some contemporary media reports have attributed the founding of the party to Hanwant Singh, Maharaja of Jodhpur,[23][24][25] historical documents confirm that it was established by Swami Karpatri in 1949.[26][27]

Several sources assert that, in 1971 the party merged into the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, the precursor to the Bharatiya Janata Party,[28][29] but historical studies confirm that no institutional merger was ever finalized.[30] Formal merger discussions did take place but between 1952 and 1953, facilitated by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee of the Jana Sangh and Nirmal Chandra Chatterjee of the Hindu Mahasabha.[31][32] These negotiations collapsed when Karpatri insisted that any unified party mandate adherence to the authority of traditional Hindu scriptures (Dharmashastras) and preserve varna distinctions.[33][34] The Jana Sangh leadership rejected these demands, and the talks collapsed completely after Mukherjee's death later that year.[35]

Owing to the party's goodwill, Several groups of people in subsequent elections have occasionally asserted representation under the name of the Ram Rajya Parishad;[36][30][37] however, because of unresolved disputes over the official party entity, such candidates have to either file nomination as independents[38] or as nominees of other registered parties.[39]

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

  • Baxter, Craig (1969). The Jana Sangh; a biography of an Indian political party. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-7583-4. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026.

External links[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Letter to ECI dated 2015 (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2026.
  2. ↑ Constitution - Akhil Bharatiya Ramarajya Parishad. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  3. ↑ "Akhil Bhartiya Ramrajya Parishad - Contribution Reports Year 2009-10 - Election Commission of India". Archived from the original on 13 September 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  4. ↑ Kumar, Sajjan (4 August 2020). "The conservative challenge to Hindutva". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  5. ↑ "SATYAGRAHA AGAINST HINDU CODE BILL". The Indian Express. 7 February 1950. p. 7. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Form 24A (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2026.
  7. ↑ "Biographical sketches of Third Lok Sabha". National Informatics Centre, Government of India. Archived from the original on 19 May 2006. Retrieved 14 August 2006.
  8. ↑ Herdenia, LS (26 August 2017). "Uniform Civil Code: How RSS and Hindu swamis fought tooth and nail the Hindu Code Bill". The Milli Gazette — Indian Muslims Leading News Source. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  9. ↑ "Symbols of 14 National Political Parties that contested during the first General Elections in 1951 – 52". Facebook. ECI. 16 July 2018. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026.
  10. ↑ Singh, Soutik BiswasN K. (31 July 1993). "Controversial Shankaracharya, Swaroopanand challenges VHP's role in building Ram temple". India Today. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2026.
  11. ↑ "Mathura, Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha Result 1969 | Candidate Wise Votes | IDRS". idrs.in. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  12. ↑ "JAUNPUR 1969 Assembly Result". election-analytics.ajaikumark.com. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  13. ↑ Mishra, Ramjee (2001). "Sankaracharya ke uttaravartee acharya". Sankaracharya aur unkee parampara Dr. Ramji Mishra [Shankaracharya and his lineage] (in Hindi) (First ed.). Prayagraj. p. 60. Retrieved 9 October 2026.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ↑ "Vasudev Shastri Atul". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  15. ↑ "POLITICAL CAREER – VASUDEV SHASTRI ATUL". Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  16. ↑ Government of India (2 March 1977). "Extraordinary Gazette of India, 1977-03-02, Extra Ordinary". p. 1120/169. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  17. ↑ Government of Goa (30 October 1989). Gazette of Goa, No. 8990-30, SI. p. 433. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  18. ↑ "RRP(S) — Akhil Bhartiya Ramrajya Parishad (Vasudev Shastri Atul) — IndiaVotes". www.indiavotes.com. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  19. ↑ Notification (PDF). New Delhi: ECI. 23 January 2001. p. 4. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026. the entries relating to the following parties shall be deleted:-... 38. Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (V.S. Atul)
  20. ↑ "ABRRP(P) — Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad (Prem Ballabh Vyas) — IndiaVotes". www.indiavotes.com. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  21. ↑ Internal dispute letter by ECI (PDF). 22 February 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2025. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  22. ↑ "Akhil Bhartiya Ram Rajya Parishad vs State of U.P and others". Case mine. 22 April 2024. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  23. ↑ Bhandari, Prakash (16 November 2023). "Rajasthan elections: Royals in the fray bear ancestral legacy". National Herald. Archived from the original on 9 November 2025. Retrieved 9 September 2026.
  24. ↑ "Maharaja of Jodhpur used aircraft for LS campaigns in 1952 - The Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 9 September 2026. Retrieved 9 September 2026.
  25. ↑ "Election 2014: No thrill in princess versus pauper in Jodhpur - Politics News , Firstpost". Firstpost. 14 April 2014. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2026.
  26. ↑ कुमावत, स्मित पालीवाल/रमेश (28 October 2023). "सीएम को 2 जगहों से हरवाने वाले हनवंत सिंह: फिर भी नहीं बनी राजशाही सरकार, जीतने से पहले पूर्व महाराज की मौत - Rajasthan News". Dainik Bhaskar (in हिन्दी). Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 September 2026.
  27. ↑ Baxter 1969, p. 72.
  28. ↑ Bell, Chad E. "Party politics in India, 1963-2000". janda.org. Archived from the original on 1 February 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  29. ↑ Srivastava, Sanjay (19 December 2023). "कैसी थी वो राजनीतिक पार्टी, जिसके अध्यक्ष थे शंकराचार्य बने एक संत, किस हाल में अब ये दल" [What kind of political party was that, whose president was Shankaracharya, a saint, in what condition is this party now?] (in हिन्दी). Archived from the original on 18 December 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Dasgupta, Koushiki (2021). Sadhus in Indian politics: dynamics of Hindutva. New Delhi, India ; Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd. p. 110. ISBN 978-93-91370-93-0. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 8 October 2026.
  31. ↑ Baxter 1969, p. 108.
  32. ↑ Lal, A. B. (1956). The Indian parliament. Chaitanya Publishing House. p. 65. Retrieved 8 October 2026.
  33. ↑ Graham, Bruce Desmond (1992). Hindu nationalism and Indian politics: the origins and development of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-521-38348-6. Archived from the original on 9 December 2021.
  34. ↑ Dhingra, Sanya. "Rebels of the Right. The radical Hindutva challenge to the Sangh is as old as RSS itself". theprint.in. Archived from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  35. ↑ 1947-1957 India: the birth of a republic. Gurugram: Vintage by Penguin Random House India. 2023. p. 194. ISBN 9780670097104. Archived from the original on 24 July 2025. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  36. ↑ "Ramrajya Parishad names candidate against PM Modi". The Times of India. 23 April 2019. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  37. ↑ SATYA DARSHAN (28 November 2021). "PM मोदी व BJP सरकार की नीतियों से नाराज रामराज्य परिषद ने विस चुनाव हेतु घोषित किए अपने प्रत्याशी". Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  38. ↑ "Bhagwan Pathak – Candidate details". ECINET. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
  39. ↑ "Sheikh Ambar – Candidate details". ECINET. Archived from the original on 9 October 2026. Retrieved 9 October 2026.
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