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Template:Use Bangladeshi English
| Hattanath | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Bateshwar |
| Region | Sylhet Division |
In Hinduism, Hattanath (Bengali: āĻšāĻā§āĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻĨ hôášášÃ´nath; Devanagari: ā¤šā¤āĨā¤ā¤¨ā¤žā¤Ĩ haášášanÄtha), who is also known as Hatkeshwar (Bengali: āĻšāĻžāĻāĻā§āĻļā§āĻŦāĻ° haáškeÅÅôr; Devanagari: ā¤šā¤žā¤ā¤āĨā¤ļāĨā¤ĩā¤° hÄáškeÅvara) or Bateshwar (Bengali: āĻŦāĻā§āĻļā§āĻŦāĻ° bôášeÅÅôr; Devanagari: ā¤ĩā¤āĨā¤ļāĨā¤ĩā¤° vaášeÅvara), is the tutelary deity of the city of Sylhet (ÅrÄĢhaášáša) in present-day Bangladesh.[1] He is a form of Shiva.[2]
Origins and significance[edit | edit source]
According to Partha Sarathi Nath, Sylhet and the Barak Valley were ruled by the NÄtha dynasty of nearby Tripura between the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, which promoted the early settlement of NÄthas and their cultural influence in this region. Among these influences is the patronage of ÅrÄĢhaášášanÄtha as the titular deity, from which the city of Sylhet (ÅrÄĢhaášáša) ultimately takes its name.[3] The NÄthas are considered to be the founders of the ÅrÄĢhaášáša janapada and were responsible for establishing ÅrÄĢhaášášanÄtha idols across the region. The ruins of a ÅrÄĢhaášášanÄtha temple are preserved in the headquarters of the Central Muslim Literary Society in Sylhet's Dargah Gate, near the hill of Mona Rai (Monarayer Tila). A Shiva temple known as ÅrÄĢhaášášanÄtha from the reign of Isana Deva has been discovered.[4] Mujibur Rahman Chowdhury mentions that the hill was formerly home to an akhara for NÄtha Yogi Sannyasis.[5]
āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĻā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛
punir bil chhaášiya raja silôášete gelô
From the beel of Puni, the King went to Sylhet
āĻ
āĻā§āĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻĨā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ āĻžāĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĨ¤
ôttônather pÅĢja diáēa ášhakurali pailô
Giving Puja to Hattanath, he gained mastery
â A poem written by 18th-century poet Ganesh Ram Shiromani.[6]
Other researchers considered Sylhet's titular deity of Hattanath to have been introduced by the Nagar Brahmin who worshipped HÄáškeÅvara and its presence in Sylhet (ÅrÄĢhaášáša) is mentioned in the Mahalingarchana Tantra.[7] The Nagar Brahmins later settled down in Gujarat, which can be supposed from Padmanath Bhattacharya's analysis. Both Hattanath and its alias Hatkeshwar are considered to be idols of Shiva, and they can be found in various parts of the Sylhet District such as in Bhatera, Panchakhanda, Gotatikar and Chutkhal.[8]
In the 18th-century, Ganesh Ram Shiromani compiled a series of semi-legendary Bengali ballads which claim to detail the early history of Sylhet.[9] Though the book does not hold much authenticity, it is popularly known as the Panchali of HaášášanÄth,[10] and mention of Sylhet's final Hindu king Gour Govinda worshipping HaášášanÄth after returning to Sylhet can be found.[6] Govinda's predecessors were also known to have held convocations to worship HaášášanÄth,[11] particularly a notable one was held in Brahmachal to rectify those who had deviated from the path of HaášášanÄth.[12]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- â Amrita Bazar Patrika, Feb. 1, 1931
- â Syiemlieh, David Reid; Dutta, Anuradha; Baruah, Srinath (2006). Challenges of Development in North-East India. Regency Publications. p. 280.
- â Chowdhury, Mujibur Rahman (31 July 2019). "āĻā§āĻĄāĻŧ-āĻŦāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻ¸āĻ˛āĻŋāĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻĢāĻŋ-āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻĨāĻž" [Muslim conquest in Gauá¸a-Vaáš ga and discussion about Sufi ascetics]. Sylheter Dak (in Bengali).
- â Debnath, Prafulla Kumar (2012). āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻļā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĻĨ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻĨ, āĻŽāĻ āĻ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ° (in Bengali). Dibrugarh, Assam: Shaivya Prakashani. p. 142.
- â Nath, Partha Sarathi (December 2021). Hussain, Akmal (ed.). "Nath Pantha Shrines and Perpetual Tradition in Bangladesh" (PDF). Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. 66. The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh: 209. ISSN 1015-6836.
- â 6.0 6.1 Mahmud, Hasan (18 February 2019). āĻāĻ° āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ (in Bengali). Desher Potro.
- â Baruah, Rai K. L. (1933). "Kamarupa of Bhaskaravarman". Early History of Kamarupa. Shillong: Don Bosco Industrial School Press. p. 88.
- â Nath, Partha Sarathi (1922). "The Nagara Brahmanas in eastern India". In Vasu, Nagendranath (ed.). Social History of Kamarupa. Vol. III. Calcutta: Bisvakosh Press. pp. 113â115.
- â Choudhury, Achyut Charan (2000) [1916]. Srihatter Itibritta: Uttorangsho (in Bengali). Kolkata: Kotha.
- â Ahmed, Sharif Uddin, ed. (1999). Sylhet: History and Heritage. Bangladesh Itihas Samiti. pp. 388â389.
- â Lahiri, Dilip K. (1979). "Nomenclature of Sylhet: A Study". Shodhak. 8. Bhartiya Pragtisheel Shiksha Parishad: 91.
- â East Pakistan District Gazetteers: Sylhet. East Pakistan Government Press. 1970. pp. 52â54.