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Silver, 47Ag
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Silver
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
AllotropesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes
Appearancelustrous white metal
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope
Silver in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)47
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-group
PeriodTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-period
BlockTemplate:Infobox element/block format
Electron configurationTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-electron-configuration
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase
Melting point1234.93 K ​(961.78 °C, ​1763.2 °F)
Boiling point2435 K ​(2162 °C, ​3924 °F)
Density (at 20° C)10.503 g/cm3[1]
(at STP)10,515 g/L
when liquid (at m.p.)9.320 g/cm3
Heat of fusion11.28 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization254 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.350 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressureTemplate:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Element-symbol-to-oxidation-state-data
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.93
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 731.0 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2070 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3361 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 144 pm
Covalent radius145±5 pm
Van der Waals radius172 pm
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Other properties
Natural occurrenceTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-occurrence
Crystal structureTemplate:Infobox element/crystal structure (cF4)
Lattice constanta = 408.60 pm (at 20 °C)[1]
Thermal expansion18.92×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[1]
Thermal conductivity429 W/(m⋅K)
Thermal diffusivity174 mm2/s (at 300 K)
Electrical resistivity15.87 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[2]
Molar magnetic susceptibility−19.5×10−6 cm3/mol (296 K)[3]
Young's modulus83 GPa
Shear modulus30 GPa
Bulk modulus100 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod2680 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio0.37
Mohs hardness2.5
Vickers hardness251 MPa
Brinell hardness206–250 MPa
CAS Number7440-22-4
History
Naminga non-Indo-European wanderwort
Discoverybefore 5000 BC
SymbolTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-etymology
Isotopes of silver
Template:infobox silver isotopes does not exist
Category Category: Silver
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child table, as reused in {IB-Ag} Template:V
Main isotopes of Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-name
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References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  2. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
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