 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (September 2024) |
The profane words used in Bhojpuri language can be divided into several categories.
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| Romanized | Kaithi /Devanagari | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| Kumbhakarna | 𑂍𑂳𑂧𑂹𑂦𑂍𑂩𑂢/ कुंभकरन | It's a mythological character from Ramayana and is used for someone who sleeps too much.[1] |
| Narada | 𑂢𑂰𑂩𑂠 / नारद | used for a double dealer.[1] |
| Manthara | 𑂧𑂢𑂹𑂟𑂩𑂰 / मंथरा | used for a crooked woman.[1] |
| Maleccha | 𑂧𑂪𑂵𑂓𑂹 / मलेछ | Used for Wretched fellow[1] |
| Ravana | 𑂩𑂰𑂫𑂢 / रावन | For a Cruel, Tryant person.[1] |
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Such profane words are used to imply the quality to the birds and animals in the person the words are being used. Some of such words are:[1]
| Bhojpuri | Romanized | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 𑂏𑂱𑂠𑂹𑂡 | giddha | Vulture |
| 𑂏𑂠𑂯𑂰 | gadahā | Ass |
| 𑂮𑂰𑂀𑂣 | sānp | Snake |
| 𑂥𑂰𑂢𑂩 | bānar | Monkey |
| 𑂍𑂳𑂞𑂹𑂞𑂲 | kuttī | Dog |
| 𑂇𑂩𑂳𑂫𑂰 | uruwā | Owl |
| 𑂮𑂳𑂫𑂩𑂲 | suwarī | Pig |
| 𑂥𑂶𑂪 | bail | Ox |
| 𑂍𑂳𑂍𑂹𑂍𑂳𑂩 | kukkur | Dog |
| 𑂍𑂳𑂍𑂴𑂩 | ghoḍā | Horse |
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| Bhojpuri | Romanized | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Template:Script/Kaithi | parlāyā | lazy person. |
| Template:Script/Kaithi | piyakkar̤ | drunkard |
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Due to patriarchy in the society women are generally the first target of these words. Abuse to one's mother, sister or daughter sounds more pinching.[2]
- sāra (𑂮𑂰𑂩/सार) : Literally means wife's brother or sibling-in-law. The redundant form saravā is also used.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
Mishra, Ram Baksh (2003). "5: Abuses". Sociology of Bhojpuri Language. Varanasi: Swasti Publications.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Mishra 2003, p. 60.
- ↑ Mishra 2003, p. 62.