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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}} | ||
'''Suryamal Misran''' (also spelled '''Suryamall Meesan'''; 1815–1868) was a poet-historian from [[Bundi]], [[Rajasthan]], India.<ref>19/10/1990 Stamp [http://www.indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Color/Chestnut%20&%20JBA's%20Red%20Brown/S.M.MISHRAN]. indianpost.com</ref> He hailed from the Meesan lineage of [[Charan | '''Suryamal Misran''' (also spelled '''Suryamall Meesan'''; 1815–1868) was a poet-historian from [[Bundi]], [[Rajasthan]], India.<ref>19/10/1990 Stamp [http://www.indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Color/Chestnut%20&%20JBA's%20Red%20Brown/S.M.MISHRAN]. indianpost.com</ref> He hailed from the Meesan lineage of [[Charan]]s. He knew six languages including Dingal, Sanskrit, Prakrit, Apbhransha, and was a scholar of grammar, logic, history and politics.<ref name="mookherji">S. Mukherjee (January 1999). Dictionary of Indian Literature, One, Beginnings 1850. Orient Longman Ltd.</ref> His important works include ''[https://www.amazon.in/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE-Bhaskar-Suryamall/dp/B071SM3SWS Vansh Bhaskar], Vir Satsai, Balwant Vilas'' and ''Chhandomayukh''.<ref name="mookherji" /> | ||
== Early Life & Family == | == Early Life & Family == | ||
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}}Experts were brought in to tutor Suryamal Misran in traditional education prevalent at that time in Indian society. Swami Swarupadas gave him training in [[Yoga]], [[Vedanta]], [[Nyaya]], and [[Vaisheshika|Vaiseshika]] literature. From Pandit Ashanand, he learned [[grammar]], [[ | }}Experts were brought in to tutor Suryamal Misran in traditional education prevalent at that time in Indian society. Swami Swarupadas gave him training in [[Yoga]], [[Vedanta]], [[Nyaya]], and [[Vaisheshika|Vaiseshika]] literature. From Pandit Ashanand, he learned [[grammar]], [[verse]]s, [[poetry]], [[astrology]], Ashvadhak, and [[Chanakya]] Shastra. From Muhammad, he learned ''veena''-playing and [[Persian language|Persian]] from another mentor. From another Muslim teacher, he acquired some knowledge about [[Islamic culture]] and had read some Persian histories like the [[Tarikh-i-Firishta]] and the [[Akbarnama|Akbar-Nama]] by Abul-Fazl.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Sethia|first=Madhu|date=2005|title=British Paramountcy: Reaction and Response by the Nineteenth Century Poets of Rajasthan|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3518063|journal=Social Scientist|volume=33|issue=11/12|pages=14–28|issn=0970-0293}}</ref> Thus, Suryamal Misran received an educational, literary, and historical atmosphere right from the beginning, giving rise to a unique confluence of knowledge, wisdom, and valor. During his lifetime, his poetry had become popular all over [[Rajasthan]] and [[Malwa]].<ref name=":2" /> | ||
== Career == | == Career == | ||
He wrote primarily in [[Dingal]], though he also made occasional use of [[Sanskrit]], [[Prakrit]], [[Magahi language|Magadhi]], and Pingal and other dialects. <ref name=":1" /> | He wrote primarily in [[Dingal]], though he also made occasional use of [[Sanskrit]], [[Prakrit]], [[Magahi language|Magadhi]], and Pingal and other dialects.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
Misran was a court poet(''Raj-Kavi'') of [[Bundi]] kingdom, which was ruled by [[Hada (clan)|Hada]] [[Chauhan | Misran was a court poet(''Raj-Kavi'') of [[Bundi]] kingdom, which was ruled by [[Hada (clan)|Hada]] [[Chauhan]]s.<ref>[http://www.40kmph.com/haveli-surya-mall-mishran-seth-jee-ka-chauraha-bundi-rajasthan-historical-marker/][https://www.charans.org/suryamal/ Haveli Surya Mall Mishran (Seth Jee Ka Chauraha, Bundi, Rajasthan)]</ref> In the poetry world they are known as "Mahakavi."He undertook the work ''Vans Bhaskar'' during the reign of [[Maharao]] Ram Singh.<ref>[https://www.amazon.in/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE-Bhaskar-Suryamall/dp/B071SM3SWS Vansh Bhaskar Suryamall Mesan Dwara Pranit]</ref> He intended to write ''Vans Bhaskar'' in two volumes and twelve parts as an analogy with the sun, which has two solstices and twelve months in a year. He left the work unfinished at the eighth part of the second volume because of differences with his king, whose territory became British protectorate, while poet supported the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<ref name="academy">Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature. [S.l.]: Sahitya Akademi, 1996.</ref> | ||
Suryamal Misran felt moved by the plight of ordinary Rajput soldiers. In at least three couplets of ''Veer Satsai'' he expressed his concern for the wives of brave soldiers, who asked the queen for a handful of grains against the promise of their husbands' heads rolling before her's, whenever needed in return. Veer-Satsai is a soulful expression of the hopes and aspirations of the valiant Rajasthani Warriors and their spouses. It sings of those who indulged unflinchingly in the dangerous game of defiance and death, preferring extinction with honour to a life of slavery and shame. | Suryamal Misran felt moved by the plight of ordinary Rajput soldiers. In at least three couplets of ''Veer Satsai'' he expressed his concern for the wives of brave soldiers, who asked the queen for a handful of grains against the promise of their husbands' heads rolling before her's, whenever needed in return. Veer-Satsai is a soulful expression of the hopes and aspirations of the valiant Rajasthani Warriors and their spouses. It sings of those who indulged unflinchingly in the dangerous game of defiance and death, preferring extinction with honour to a life of slavery and shame. | ||
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== Anti-British Sentiment == | == Anti-British Sentiment == | ||
Suryamal Misran was a proponent of resistance against colonial powers. In his views, subjection to the [[British Empire|British]] implied loss of [[ | Suryamal Misran was a proponent of resistance against colonial powers. In his views, subjection to the [[British Empire|British]] implied loss of ''[[dharma]]'' (faith and way of life). He warned that if the British stayed on no one would be ''jami ka thakur'' (lord of the land) and all would become Isai (Christian).<ref name=":2" /> | ||
Suryamal wrote to most Kings and Thakurs of [[Rajputana]] to stand up against the British. He envisioned a coalition of the Hindu kings of India who would wage war and drive out the British once and for all.<ref name=":0" /> | Suryamal wrote to most Kings and Thakurs of [[Rajputana]] to stand up against the British. He envisioned a coalition of the Hindu kings of India who would wage war and drive out the British once and for all.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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He was highly respected in scholarly and intellectual circles. He was counted among the five gems(''panch-ratna'') of [[Bundi State|Bundi]]. His epic creation "Vansh Bhaskar" book also remained incomplete, which was later completed by his adopted son Murari Dan.<ref name=":0" /> | He was highly respected in scholarly and intellectual circles. He was counted among the five gems(''panch-ratna'') of [[Bundi State|Bundi]]. His epic creation "Vansh Bhaskar" book also remained incomplete, which was later completed by his adopted son Murari Dan.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
Suryamal Misran is often referred to by Indian scholars as the ‘''[[Vyasa|Veda Vyas]]''’ of the recent modern period, in that his ''Vansha Bhaskar'' is regarded as an epic on par with [[Mahabharata]]. <ref name=":1" /> | Suryamal Misran is often referred to by Indian scholars as the ‘''[[Vyasa|Veda Vyas]]''’ of the recent modern period, in that his ''Vansha Bhaskar'' is regarded as an epic on par with [[Mahabharata]].<ref name=":1" /> | ||
Dr. [[Ramdhari Singh Dinkar|Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']] says <blockquote>“The glory of Suryamall Ji is that he was a great [[national poet]], the letters he wrote to the kings and royal men at the time of [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|war of 1857]], clearly show that his heart was in pain for the country, yearning for independence, and wanted all the kings together to drive the [[British Empire|British]] out of the country.” <ref name=":0" /></blockquote> | Dr. [[Ramdhari Singh Dinkar|Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']] says <blockquote>“The glory of Suryamall Ji is that he was a great [[national poet]], the letters he wrote to the kings and royal men at the time of [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|war of 1857]], clearly show that his heart was in pain for the country, yearning for independence, and wanted all the kings together to drive the [[British Empire|British]] out of the country.” <ref name=":0" /></blockquote> | ||
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