Bharatpedia

Ares: Difference between revisions

Article Talk

Ares (edit)

Revision as of 14:12, 24 June 2025

31,215 bytes added ,  Tuesday at 14:12
→‎References
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 128: Line 128:


According to [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], local inhabitants of [[Therapne]], [[Sparta]], recognized [[Thero (Greek mythology)|Thero]], "feral, savage", as a nurse of Ares.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.19.7 3.19.7&ndash;8].</ref>
According to [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], local inhabitants of [[Therapne]], [[Sparta]], recognized [[Thero (Greek mythology)|Thero]], "feral, savage", as a nurse of Ares.<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.19.7 3.19.7&ndash;8].</ref>
===Offspring and affairs===
{{Primary sources section|Talk=Kids' table|find=Ares|find2=offspring mythology|date=April 2022}}
[[File:Areopagus from the Acropolis.jpg|thumb|185x185px|The [[Areopagus]] as viewed from the [[Acropolis]].]]
Though Ares plays a relatively limited role in [[Greek mythology]] as represented in literary narratives, his numerous love affairs and abundant offspring are often [[allusion|alluded]] to.<ref>Hansen, ''Classical Mythology'', pp. 113–114; Burkert, [https://archive.org/details/greekreligion0000burk/page/169/mode/2up?view=theater p. 169].</ref>
The union of Ares and Aphrodite created the gods [[Eros]], [[Anteros]], [[Phobos (mythology)|Phobos]], [[Deimos (mythology)|Deimos]], and [[Harmonia]]. Other versions include [[Alcippe (mythology)|Alcippe]] as one of their daughters.
Ares had a romantic liaison with [[Eos]], the [[Dawn deities|goddess of the dawn]]. Aphrodite discovered them, and in anger she cursed Eos with insatiable lust for men.<ref>Pseudo-Apollodorus, ''[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Bibliotheca]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D4%3Asection%3D4 1.4.4]</ref>
[[Cycnus (son of Ares)|Cycnus]] (Κύκνος) of [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]] was a mortal son of Ares who tried to build a temple to his father with the skulls and bones of guests and travellers. [[Heracles]] fought him and, in one account, killed him. In another account, Ares fought his son's killer but Zeus parted the combatants with a thunderbolt.<ref>''[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]]'', [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D5%3Asection%3D11 2.5.11], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D7%3Asection%3D7 2.7.7].</ref>
By a woman named Teirene he had a daughter named [[Thrassa]], who in turn had a daughter named [[Polyphonte]]. Polyphonte was cursed by Aphrodite to love and mate with a bear, producing two sons, [[Agrius and Oreius (mythology)|Agrius and Oreius]], who were hubristic toward the gods and had a habit of eating their guests. Zeus sent [[Hermes]] to punish them, and he chose to chop off their hands and feet. Since Polyphonte was descended from him, Ares stopped Hermes, and the two brothers came into an agreement to turn Polyphonte's family into birds instead. Oreius became an eagle owl, Agrius a vulture, and Polyphonte a [[strix (mythology)|strix]], possibly a small owl, certainly a portent of war; Polyphonte's servant prayed not to become a bird of evil omen and Ares and Hermes fulfilled her wish by choosing the woodpecker for her, a good omen for hunters.<ref name=":anl21">[[Antoninus Liberalis]], [https://topostext.org/work/216#21 21].</ref><ref>Liberalis credits the Greek writer [[Boios]]' ''Ornithogonia'' (now lost) as his source; {{cite journal| last=Oliphant |first=Samuel Grant |year=1913 |title=The Story of the Strix: Ancient |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association |volume=44 |jstor=28254 |pages=133–149 |doi= 10.2307/282549 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press}}</ref>
====List of offspring and their mothers====
{{more citations needed section|Talk=Kids' table|date=September 2021}}
{{Primary sources section|Talk=Kids' table|find=Ares|find2=mythology consorts|date=September 2021}}
Sometimes poets and dramatists recounted ancient traditions, which varied, and sometimes they invented new details; later [[scholia]]sts might draw on either or simply guess.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bremmer|first1=Jan N.|title=The Oxford Classical Dictionary|date=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=019866172X|editor1-last=Hornblower & Spawforth|edition=Third|location=Oxford|pages=1018–1020|chapter=mythology}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Reeve|first1=Michael D.|title=The Oxford Classical Dictionary|date=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=019866172X|editor1-last=Hornblower & Spawforth|edition=Third|location=Oxford|pages=1368|chapter=scholia}}</ref> Thus while [[Phobos (mythology)|Phobos]] and [[Deimos (deity)|Deimos]] were regularly described as offspring of Ares, others listed here such as [[Meleager]], [[Sinope (mythology)|Sinope]] and [[Solymus]] were sometimes said to be children of Ares and sometimes given other fathers.
The following is a list of Ares' offspring, by various mothers. Beside each offspring, the earliest source to record the parentage is given, along with the century to which the source dates.
<div style=display:inline-table>
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! scope="col" style="width: 100pt;" | Offspring
! scope="col" style="width: 90pt;" | Mother
! scope="col" style="width: 70pt;" | Source
! scope="col" style="width: 70pt;" | Date
! class="unsortable" scope="col" style="width: 10pt;" |
|-
| [[Phobos (mythology)|Phobos]]
| rowspan="5" | [[Aphrodite]]
| [[Hesiod|Hes.]] ''[[Theogony|Theog.]]''
| data-sort-value=1 | 8th cent. BC
| <ref name="p. 169">[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:901-937 934]; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA169 p. 169].</ref>
|-
| [[Deimos (deity)|Deimos]]
| [[Hesiod|Hes.]] ''[[Theogony|Theog.]]''
| data-sort-value=1 | 8th cent. BC
| <ref name="p. 169"/>
|-
| [[Harmonia]]
| [[Hesiod|Hes.]] ''[[Theogony|Theog.]]''
| data-sort-value=1 | 8th cent. BC
| <ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:901-937 934&ndash;7]; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA169 p. 169]; Grimal, s.v. Ares, pp. 52&ndash;53; [[Scholia]] on [[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 2.494, [= [[Hellanicus of Lesbos|Hellanicus]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA179 fr. 51a Fowler, pp. 179&ndash;181]]; Gantz, p. 468.</ref>
|-
| [[Eros]]
| [[Simonides of Ceos|Simonides]]
|
| <ref>[[Simonides of Ceos|Simonides]], fr. 24 Diehls [= fr. ''[[Poetae Melici Graeci|PMG]]'' 575]; Gantz, p. 3; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA196 p. 196]; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/eros-e401810 s.v. Eros]; ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', s.v. Ares, pp. 103&ndash;104.</ref>
|-
| [[Anteros]]
| [[Cicero|Cic.]] ''[[De Natura Deorum|DND]]''
| data-sort-value=15 | 1st cent. BC
| <ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[De Natura Deorum]]'' [https://archive.org/details/denaturadeorumac00ciceuoft/page/342/mode/2up?view=theater 3.59]; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/anteros-e123320 s.v. Anteros].</ref>
|-
| [[Odomantus]]
| rowspan="3" | [[Calliope]]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Mygdon of Thrace|Mygdon]]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Edonus]]
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Biston]]
| [[Terpsichore]]
| ''[[Etymologicum Magnum|Etym. Mag.]]''
| data-sort-value=39 | 12th cent. AD
| <ref name="179.59 p. 179">''[[Etymologicum Magnum]]'', [https://archive.org/details/etymologikontome00etymuoft/page/n109/mode/2up?view=theater 179.59 (p. 179)].</ref>
|-
| [[Callirhoe (mythology)|Callirrhoe]]
| [[Stephanus of Byzantium|Steph. Byz.]]
| data-sort-value=27 | 6th cent. AD
| <ref name="s.v. Bistonia pp. 352, 353">[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=e2WGsl7oeEUC&pg=PA352 s.v. Bistonia (pp. 352, 353)].</ref>
|-
| [[Enyalius]]
| [[Enyo]]
|
|
| <ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/enyalius-e330900 s.v. Enyalius].</ref>
|-
| Dragon of [[Ancient Thebes (Boeotia)|Thebes]]
| [[Erinys]] of [[Telphusa]]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Nike (mythology)|Nike]]
| ''No mother mentioned''
| ''[[Homeric Hymns|HH]]'' 8
|
| <ref>''[[Homeric Hymns|Homeric Hymn]] to Ares'' (8), [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0013.tlg008.perseus-eng1:1 4].</ref>
|-
| [[Sinope (mythology)|Sinope]] (possibly)
| [[Aegina (mythology)|Aegina]]
| Schol. [[Apollonius of Rhodes|Ap. Rhod.]]
|
| <ref name=":0">[[Scholia]] on [[Apollonius Rhodius]], ''Argonautica'' 2.946</ref>
|-
| Edonus
| rowspan="2" | [[Callirhoe (mythology)|Callirrhoe]]
| [[Stephanus of Byzantium|Steph. Byz.]]
| data-sort-value=27 | 6th cent. AD
| <ref name="s.v. Bistonia pp. 352, 353"/>
|-
| Odomantus
| [[Stephanus of Byzantium|Steph. Byz.]]
| data-sort-value=27 | 6th cent. AD
| <ref name="s.v. Bistonia pp. 352, 353"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" | Cycnus
| [[Cleobule|Cleobula]]
|
|
| <ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Murray|first=John|title=A Classical Manual, being a Mythological, Historical and Geographical Commentary on Pope's Homer, and Dryden's Aeneid of Virgil with a Copious Index|year=1833|location=Albemarle Street, London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_u0gQAAAAIAAJ/page/70/mode/2up?view=theater 70]}}</ref>
|-
| [[Pelopia]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.7.7 2.7.7].</ref>
|-
| [[Pyrene (mythology)|Pyrene]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.5.11 2.5.11].</ref>
|-
| [[Diomedes of Thrace]]
| rowspan=2 | Cyrene
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.5.8 2.5.8].</ref>
|-
| Crestone
| [[Tzetzes]]
| data-sort-value=39 | 12th cent. AD
| <ref>[[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]], ''Alexandra'' 499: Thrace was said to have been called Crestone after her.</ref>
|-
| The [[Amazons]]
| [[Harmonia]]
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Oenomaus]]
| [[Sterope (Pleiad)|Sterope]]
| [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyg.]] ''[[Fabulae|Fab.]]''
| data-sort-value=17 | 1st cent. AD
| <ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#84 84]; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[De Astronomica]]'', [https://topostext.org/work/207#2.21.5 2.21.5]; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/oenomaus-e829310 s.v. Oenomaus].</ref>
|-
| [[Harpina]]
| [[Diodorus Siculus|Diod. Sic.]]
| data-sort-value=15 | 1st cent. BC
| <ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:5.22.6 5.22.6]; [[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#73.1 4.73.1]; Gantz, p. 232.</ref>
|-
| [[Eurythoe]] the [[Danaïdes|Danaid]]
| [[Tzetzes]]
| data-sort-value=39 | 12th cent. AD
| <ref>[[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]], ''Alexandra'' 157.</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Evenus of Aetolia|Evenus]]
| [[Sterope (Pleiad)|Sterope]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''Parallela minora'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg085.perseus-eng2:40 40].</ref>
|-
| [[Demonice]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.7.7 1.7.7].</ref>
|-
| [[Thrassa]]
| [[Tereine]]
| [[Antoninus Liberalis|Ant. Lib.]]
| data-sort-value=20 | 2nd/3rd cent. AD
| <ref name=":anl21"/>
|-
| [[Melanippus]]
| [[Triteia]]
| [[Pausanias (geographer)|Paus.]]
| data-sort-value=19 | 2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.22.8 7.22.8]; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=melanippus-bio-4 s.v. Melanippus (4)].</ref>
|-
| [[Aeropus (mythology)|Aeropus]]
| [[Aerope (daughter of Cepheus)|Aerope]]
| [[Pausanias (geographer)|Paus.]]
| data-sort-value=19 | 2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:8.44.8 8.44.8]; Tripp, s.v. Ares; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=aphneius-bio-1 s.v. Aphneius].</ref>
|-
| [[Alcippe (Greek mythology)|Alcippe]]
| [[Aglaulus, daughter of Cecrops|Aglauros]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.14.2 3.14.2]; Peck, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=ares-harpers s.v. Ares].</ref>
|-
| [[Meleager]]
| [[Althaea (mythology)|Althaea]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>Gantz, p. 328; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.8.2 1.8.2]; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.3 14.3].</ref>
|-
| [[Calydon (son of Ares)|Calydon]]
| [[Astynome]]
|
|
| <ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/calydon-e607430 s.v. Calydon (2)].</ref>
|-
| [[Ascalaphus]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Astyoche]]
| [[Pausanias (geographer)|Paus.]]
| data-sort-value=19 | 2nd cent. AD
| <ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', s.vv. [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/ascalaphus-e203530 Ascalaphus (2)], [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9.37.7 9.37.7].</ref>
|-
| [[Ialmenus]]
| [[Pausanias (geographer)|Paus.]]
| data-sort-value=19 | 2nd cent. AD
| <ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/ialmenus-e520830 Ialmenus]; Grimal, s.v. Ialmenus, p. 224; [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9.37.7 9.37.7].</ref>
|-
| [[Parthenopaeus]]
| [[Atalanta]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>Gantz, p. 336; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.9.2 3.9.2].</ref>
|-
| [[Solymus]]
| [[Caldene]]
| ''[[Etymologicum Magnum|Etym. Mag.]]''
| data-sort-value=39 | 12th cent. AD
| <ref>''[[Etymologicum Magnum]]'', [https://archive.org/details/etymologikontome00etymuoft/page/n345/mode/2up?view=theater 721.43&ndash;44 (p. 654)]; Grimal, s.v. Solymus, p. 424.</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Phlegyas]]
| [[Chryse (mythology)|Chryse]]
| [[Pausanias (geographer)|Paus.]]
| data-sort-value=19 | 2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9.36.1 9.36.1]; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA560 p. 560]; Grimal, s.v. Phlegyas, pp. 367&ndash;368.</ref>
|-
| [[Dotis]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.5.5 3.5.5]; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA560 p. 560]; Grimal, s.v. Phlegyas, pp. 367&ndash;368.</ref>
|-
| [[Pangaeus (mythology)|Pangaeus]]
| [[Critobule]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''On Rivers'', [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0094.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3 3.2].</ref>
|-
| [[Molus of Aetolia|Molus]], [[Pylus (mythology)|Pylus]]
| [[Demonice]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.7.7 1.7.7]; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/thestius-e1211110 s.v. Thestius].</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Thestius]]
| [[Pisidice]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''On Rivers'', [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0094.tlg001.perseus-eng1:22 22.1].</ref>
|-
| [[Demonice]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.7.7 1.7.7]; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA413 p. 413]; Grimal, s.v. Thestius, p. 452; ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/thestius-e1211110 s.v. Thestius].</ref>
|-
| [[Stymphalus|Stymphelus]]
| [[Dormothea]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''On Rivers'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0094.tlg001.perseus-eng1:19 19.1].</ref>
|-
| [[Antiope (Amazon)|Antiope]]
| rowspan="4" | [[Otrera]]
| [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyg.]] ''[[Fabulae|Fab.]]''
| data-sort-value=17 | 1st cent. AD
| <ref>''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/antiope-e124830 s.v. Antiope (2)]; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#30 30].</ref>
|-
| [[Hippolyta]]
| [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyg.]] ''[[Fabulae|Fab.]]''
| data-sort-value=17 | 1st cent. AD
| <ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#30 30].</ref>
|-
| [[Melanippe]]
|
|
|
|-
| [[Penthesilea]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg002.perseus-eng1:e.5.1 E.5.1]; [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''[[Fabulae]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#112 112].</ref>
|-
| [[Sinope (mythology)|Sinope]]
| [[Parnassa]]
| [[Eumelus of Corinth|Eumelus]]
|
| <ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Apollonius of Rhodes]], 2.946&ndash;54c [= [[Eumelus of Corinth|Eumelus]], [https://archive.org/details/L497GreekEpicFragmentsVIIVcBC/page/n257/mode/2up?view=theater fr. 29 West, pp. 246, 247]].</ref>
|-
| [[Lycaon (Greek myth)|Lycaon]]
| [[Pyrene (mythology)|Pyrene]]
|
|
| <ref>Grimal, s.v. Lycaon (3), p. 263.</ref>
|-
| [[Lycastus]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Philonome (mythology)|Phylonome]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref name="data.perseus.org">[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''Parallela minora'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg085.perseus-eng2:36 36]; Grimal, s.vv. Lycastus (2), Parrhasius.</ref>
|-
| [[Parrhasius (Greek myth)|Parrhasius]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref name="data.perseus.org"/>
|-
| [[Oxylus]]
| [[Protogeneia]]
| [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollod.]]
| data-sort-value=18 | 1st/2nd cent. AD
| <ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.7.7 1.7.7]; Grimal, s.v. Oxylus (1); ''[[Brill's New Pauly]]'', [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/oxylus-e903020 s.v. Oxylus (1)].</ref>
|-
| [[Bithys]]
| [[Sete (mythology)|Sete]]
|
|
| <ref>eponym of the Thracian tribe of Bithyae in [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''Ethnica'' s.v. ''Bithyai''</ref>
|-
| [[Tmolus (son of Ares)|Tmolus]]
| [[Theogone]]
| [[Pseudo-Plutarch|Ps.-Plutarch]]
|
| <ref>[[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''On Rivers'', [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0094.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7 7.5].</ref>
|-
| [[Ismarus (Thrace)|Ismarus]]
| Thracia
|
|
| <ref name=":1" />
|}
==Mars==
[[File:Wall painting - Ares and Aphrodite - Pompeii (VII 2 23) - Napoli MAN 9249 - 03.jpg|thumb|Wall-painting in [[Pompeii]], c. 20 BC – 50s AD, showing Mars and Venus. The Roman god of war is depicted as youthful and beardless, reflecting the influence of the Greek Ares.]]
The nearest counterpart of Ares among the [[List of Roman deities|Roman gods]] is [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]], a son of [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] and [[Juno (mythology)|Juno]], pre-eminent among the [[Religion in the Roman military|Roman army's military gods]] but originally an agricultural deity.<ref>[[Mary Beard (classicist)|Beard]], Mary, North, John A., Price, Simon R. F., ''Religions of Rome: A History'' (Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp. 47–48</ref> As a father of [[Romulus]], Rome's legendary founder, Mars was given an important and dignified place in [[Religion in ancient Rome|ancient Roman religion]], as a [[tutelary deity|guardian deity]] of the entire Roman state and its people. Under the [[Hellenization|influence of Greek culture]], Mars was [[interpretatio graeca|identified with]] Ares,<ref name=Lar>''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', [[The Book People]], Haydock, 1995, p. 215.</ref> but the character and dignity of the two deities differed fundamentally.<ref>Kurt A. Raaflaub, ''War and Peace in the Ancient World'' (Blackwell, 2007), p. 15.</ref><ref>Paul Rehak and John G. Younger, ''Imperium and Cosmos: Augustus and the Northern Campus Martius'' (University of Wisconsin Press, 2006), pp. 11–12.</ref> Mars was represented as a means [[Pax Romana|to secure peace]], and he was a father ''(pater)'' of the Roman people.<ref>[[Isidore of Seville]] calls Mars ''Romanae gentis auctorem'', the originator or founder of the Roman people as a ''[[gens]]'' (''Etymologiae'' 5.33.5).</ref> In one tradition, he fathered [[Romulus and Remus]] through his rape of [[Rhea Silvia]]. In another, his lover, the goddess [[Venus (mythology)|Venus]], gave birth to [[Aeneas]], the [[Trojan War|Trojan prince and refugee]] who "founded" Rome several generations before Romulus.
In the [[Hellenization]] of [[Latin literature]], the myths of Ares were [[interpretatio graeca|reinterpreted]] by Roman writers under the name of Mars. Greek writers under [[Roman Empire|Roman rule]] also recorded [[cult (religious practice)|cult practices]] and beliefs pertaining to Mars under the name of Ares. Thus in the [[classical mythology|classical tradition]] of later [[Western culture|Western art and literature]], the mythology of the two figures later became virtually indistinguishable.<ref>The scene in which Ares and Aphrodite are entrapped by Hephaestus' net (Homer, ''Odyssey''  VIII: 166-365 is also in Ovid's Latin language ''Metamorphoses'' IV: 171-189  [https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2013/old-master-paintings-n08952/lot.74.html]</ref>
==Renaissance and later depictions==
In [[Renaissance]] and [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassical]] works of art, Ares's symbols are a spear and helmet, his animal is a dog, and his bird is the [[vulture]]. In literary works<!--examples would be more enlightening than this generality--> of these eras, Ares is replaced by the Roman [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]], a romantic emblem of manly valor rather than the cruel and blood-thirsty god of Greek mythology.
==In popular culture==
{{main|Ares in popular culture}}<!--items that belong at that article should not be added here, as they may be deleted without comment-->
==Genealogy==
{{Family tree of the Olympians|title=Ares's family tree|collapsed=no|cap_ares=y}}
==See also==
* [[Family tree of the Greek gods]]
==Footnotes==
{{Reflist|group=n}}
==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==References==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* [[Antoninus Liberalis]], ''The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis: A Translation with a Commentary'', edited and translated by Francis Celoria, Routledge, 1992. {{ISBN|978-0-415-06896-3}}. [https://topostext.org/work/216 Online version at ToposText].
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''Apollodorus: The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]]; London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1921. {{ISBN|0-674-99135-4}}. [http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Walter Burkert|Burkert, Walter]], ''Greek Religion'', [[Harvard University Press]], 1985. {{ISBN|0-674-36281-0}}. [https://archive.org/details/greekreligion0000burk/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* ''[[Etymologicum Magnum]]'', Friderici Sylburgii (ed.), Leipzig: J.A.G. Weigel, 1816. [https://archive.org/details/etymologikontome00etymuoft/page/2/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* [[Timothy Gantz|Gantz, Timothy]], ''Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: {{ISBN|978-0-8018-5360-9}} (Vol. 1), {{ISBN|978-0-8018-5362-3}} (Vol. 2).
* Grimal, Pierre, ''The Dictionary of Classical Mythology'', Wiley-Blackwell, 1996. {{ISBN|978-0-631-20102-1}}. [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/n3/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* [[William Hansen (classicist)|Hansen, William]], ''Handbook of Classical Mythology'', [[ABC-CLIO]], 2004. {{ISBN|978-1-57607-226-4}}. [https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* Hard, Robin, ''The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology"'', Psychology Press, 2004. {{ISBN|9780415186360}}. [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC Google Books].
* [[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'', in ''The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White'', Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]]; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1-28 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]. [https://archive.org/details/hesiodhomerichym00hesiuoft/page/78/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* [[Homer]], ''The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes''. Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]]; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1-1.32 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Homer]], ''The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes''. Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]]; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:1.1-1.43 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* ''[[Homeric Hymns|Homeric Hymn]]'' 8 ''to Ares'', in ''The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White'', Cambridge, Massachusetts, [[Harvard University Press]]; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0013.tlg008.perseus-eng1:8 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus, Gaius Julius]], ''[[De Astronomica]]'', in ''The Myths of Hyginus'', edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. [https://topostext.org/work/207 Online version at ToposText].
* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus, Gaius Julius]], ''[[Fabulae]]'', in ''The Myths of Hyginus'', edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960. [https://topostext.org/work/206 Online version at ToposText].
* {{cite book | title = Libanius's Progymnasmata: Model Exercises in Greek Prose Composition and Rhetoric | author = [[Libanius]] | translator = Craig A. Gibson | date = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-58983-360-9 | publisher = [[Society of Biblical Literature]] | location = [[Atlanta]] | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kRi-If9IAOYC}}
* [[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]], Volume II: Books 16&ndash;35'', translated by [[W. H. D. Rouse]], [[Loeb Classical Library]] No. 345, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1940. [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL354/1940/volume.xml Online version at Harvard University Press]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-99391-4}}. [https://archive.org/stream/dionysiaca02nonnuoft#page/n5/mode/2up Internet Archive (1940)].
* ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', revised third edition, Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth (editors), [[Oxford University Press]], 2003. {{ISBN|0-19-860641-9}}. [https://archive.org/details/oxfordclassicald0000unse_w0u7/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.'' Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.1.1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Harry Thurston Peck|Peck, Harry Thurston]], ''[[Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities]]'', New York, Harper and Brothers, 1898. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0062 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Pseudo-Plutarch]], ''De fluviis'', in ''Plutarch's morals, Volume V'', edited and translated by [[William Watson Goodwin]], Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1874. [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0094.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[William Smith (lexicographer)|Smith, William]], ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]'', London (1873). [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3atext%3a1999.04.0104 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''Stephani Byzantii Ethnica: Volumen I Alpha - Gamma'', edited by Margarethe Billerbeck, in collaboration with Jan Felix Gaertner, Beatrice Wyss and Christian Zubler, De Gruyter, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3-110-17449-6}}. [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110202816 Online version at De Gruyter]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=e2WGsl7oeEUC Google Books].
* Tripp, Edward, ''Crowell's Handbook of Classical Mythology'', Thomas Y. Crowell Co; First edition (June 1970). {{ISBN|0-690-22608-X}}. [https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/n5/mode/2up?view=theater Internet Archive].
{{refend}}
{{commons category}}
{{Twelve Olympians}}
{{Greek religion}}
{{Greek mythology (deities)}}
{{Subject bar |portal1=Ancient Greece|portal22=Myths|commons=y |wikt=y }}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Ares| ]]
[[Category:Characters in the Odyssey]]
[[Category:Children of Hera]]
[[Category:Children of Zeus]]
[[Category:Consorts of Aphrodite]]
[[Category:Consorts of Eos]]
[[Category:Deeds of Poseidon]]
[[Category:Deities in the Iliad]]
[[Category:Dog gods]]
[[Category:Greek mythology of Thrace]]
[[Category:Greek war deities]]
[[Category:Martian deities]]
[[Category:Planetary gods]]
[[Category:Metamorphoses characters]]
[[Category:Twelve Olympians]]
[[Category:War gods]]
[[Category:Greek gods]]
Mr.Sanemi
1,182

edits

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/461774...461811"