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{{Short description|Sunni militia group in Iraq}} | |||
{{Distinguish|Hamas}} | {{Distinguish|Hamas}} | ||
{{Missing information|the group from after 2007|date=January 2018}} | {{Missing information|the group from after 2007|date=January 2018}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} | |||
{{infobox war faction | {{infobox war faction | ||
|name=Hamas of Iraq | | name = Hamas of Iraq | ||
|native_name={{lang|ar|حماس العراق}} | | native_name = {{lang|ar|حماس العراق}} | ||
|native_name_lang= | | native_name_lang = | ||
|war=the [[Iraqi insurgency (Iraq War)|Iraqi insurgency]] | | war = the [[Iraqi insurgency (Iraq War)|Iraqi insurgency]] | ||
|image=[[File:Hamas iraq logo.JPG|145px]] | | image = [[File:Hamas iraq logo.JPG|145px]] | ||
|caption=Hamas Iraq Logo | | caption = Hamas Iraq Logo | ||
|active= 18 March 2007 – 18 December 2011 | | active = 18 March 2007 – 18 December 2011 | ||
|ideology=[[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] [[Islamism]]<br/>[[Iraqi nationalism]] | | ideology = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] [[Islamism]]<br />[[Iraqi nationalism]] | ||
|religion=[[Sunni Islam]] | | religion = [[Sunni Islam]] | ||
|leaders= | | leaders = | ||
|clans= | | clans = | ||
|headquarters= | | headquarters = | ||
|area=[[Central Iraq]] | | area = [[Central Iraq]] | ||
|size= | | size = | ||
|partof=[[Political Council for the Iraqi Resistance|PCIR]]<br/>[[Muslim Brotherhood]] {{small|(according to Arabic Wikipedia)}} | | partof = [[Political Council for the Iraqi Resistance|PCIR]]<br />[[Muslim Brotherhood in Iraq]] {{small|(according to Arabic Wikipedia)}} | ||
|predecessor=[[1920 Revolution Brigade]] | | predecessor = [[1920 Revolution Brigade]] | ||
|successor= | | successor = | ||
|allies=[[File:IAILogo.png|25px]] [[Islamic Army in Iraq]]<br>{{USA}} (claimed by [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq|AAH]])<ref>https://www.rudaw.net/arabic/middleeast/iraq/14092015</ref> | | allies =<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:IAILogo.png|25px]] -->[[Islamic Army in Iraq]]<br />{{USA}} (claimed by [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq|AAH]])<ref>[https://www.rudaw.net/arabic/middleeast/iraq/14092015 Rudaw News] {{better source needed|date=January 2023}}</ref> | ||
|opponents=[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|border|25px]] [[Iraqi Armed Forces]]<br>{{USA}} (Sometimes) | | opponents = [[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|border|25px]] [[Iraqi Armed Forces]]<br />{{USA}} (Sometimes)<br />[[File:Flag of al-Qaeda in Iraq.svg|22px]] [[Al-Qaeda in Iraq]]<br /> | ||
|battles= | {{flagdeco|ISIL}} [[Islamic State of Iraq]] | ||
|url= | | battles = | ||
|designated_as_terror_group_by={{flagu|Iraq}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://burathanews.com/arabic/news/144618|title = نص الاعترافات الخطيرة لأعضاء الشبكة الارهابية والتي تدين الهاشمي و العيساوي|date = 20 December 2011}}</ref>}} | | url = | ||
'''Hamas of Iraq''' ([[Arabic]]: حماس العراق ''Ḥamās al-'Irāq'') is a [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] militia group based in [[Iraq]], which split from the [[1920 Revolution Brigade]] on 18 March 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Page=archives&Area=sd&ID=SP155907|title=Iraqi Jihad Group Establishes New Political Framework called 'Hamas-Iraq'|publisher=Middle East Media Research Institute|access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref> The group claims to have released videos of its attack on US troops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://siteinstitute.org/bin/articles.cgi?ID=publications271907&Category=publications&Subcategory=0 |title=Twentieth Revolution Brigades and Hamas of Iraq Individually Claim Downing American Helicopters in Baghdad, Video of Bombing Troop Transporter|date=10 April 2007 |publisher=SITE Institute |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928061304/http://siteinstitute.org/bin/articles.cgi?ID=publications271907&Category=publications&Subcategory=0 |archive-date=28 September 2007 }}</ref> The [[1920 Revolution Brigade]] insists that Hamas in Iraq was involved in assisting US troops in their recent [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]] operations against [[Al-Qaeda in Iraq]].<ref name="UrukNet">{{cite web|url=http://uruknet.info/?p=m35715&s1=h1|title=Iraqi Resistance Report for events of Sunday, 26 August 2007|access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="BrigadeMemo">{{cite web|url=http://www.islammemo.cc/article1.aspx?id=49719|title=1920 Revolution Brigade memo denying involvement in Diyala Operations|date=26 August 2007|access-date=7 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070828232342/http://www.islammemo.cc/article1.aspx?id=49719|archive-date=28 August 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Iraqi Prime Minister]] [[Nouri al-Maliki]] has feared the US-armed '[[Awakening movements in Iraq|concerned local citizens]]' are an armed Sunni opposition in the making, and has argued that such groups should be under the command of the Iraqi Army or police.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMzKGlyT_ahqRjtyXrAUrKIQLncA |title=US buys 'concerned citizens' in Iraq, but at what price? |date=16 October 2007 |publisher=AFP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907015324/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMzKGlyT_ahqRjtyXrAUrKIQLncA |archive-date=7 September 2008 }}</ref> On October 11, 2007, the militia group joined a political council that embraced armed insurgency against American forces.<ref> | | designated_as_terror_group_by = {{flagu|Iraq}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://burathanews.com/arabic/news/144618|title = نص الاعترافات الخطيرة لأعضاء الشبكة الارهابية والتي تدين الهاشمي و العيساوي|date = 20 December 2011}}</ref> | ||
}} | |||
'''Hamas of Iraq''' ([[Arabic]]: حماس العراق ''Ḥamās al-'Irāq'') is a [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] militia group based in [[Iraq]], which split from the [[1920 Revolution Brigade]] on 18 March 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Page=archives&Area=sd&ID=SP155907|title=Iraqi Jihad Group Establishes New Political Framework called 'Hamas-Iraq'|publisher=Middle East Media Research Institute|access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref> The group claims to have released videos of its attack on US troops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://siteinstitute.org/bin/articles.cgi?ID=publications271907&Category=publications&Subcategory=0 |title=Twentieth Revolution Brigades and Hamas of Iraq Individually Claim Downing American Helicopters in Baghdad, Video of Bombing Troop Transporter|date=10 April 2007 |publisher=SITE Institute |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928061304/http://siteinstitute.org/bin/articles.cgi?ID=publications271907&Category=publications&Subcategory=0 |archive-date=28 September 2007 }}</ref> The [[1920 Revolution Brigade]] insists that Hamas in Iraq was involved in assisting US troops in their recent [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]] operations against [[Al-Qaeda in Iraq]].<ref name="UrukNet">{{cite web|url=http://uruknet.info/?p=m35715&s1=h1|title=Iraqi Resistance Report for events of Sunday, 26 August 2007|access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="BrigadeMemo">{{cite web|url=http://www.islammemo.cc/article1.aspx?id=49719|title=1920 Revolution Brigade memo denying involvement in Diyala Operations|date=26 August 2007|access-date=7 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070828232342/http://www.islammemo.cc/article1.aspx?id=49719|archive-date=28 August 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Iraqi Prime Minister]] [[Nouri al-Maliki]] has feared the US-armed '[[Awakening movements in Iraq|concerned local citizens]]' are an armed Sunni opposition in the making, and has argued that such groups should be under the command of the Iraqi Army or police.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMzKGlyT_ahqRjtyXrAUrKIQLncA |title=US buys 'concerned citizens' in Iraq, but at what price? |date=16 October 2007 |publisher=AFP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907015324/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMzKGlyT_ahqRjtyXrAUrKIQLncA |archive-date=7 September 2008 }}</ref> On October 11, 2007, the militia group joined a political council that embraced armed insurgency against American forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071011/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iraq_insurgents|title=Iraq insurgent groups form one council|accessdate=27 June 2023}}</ref> | |||
== Political program == | == Political program == | ||
| Line 32: | Line 36: | ||
* "We confirm the necessity of continuing the killing until the exit of the last soldier from the occupying armies, and to not negotiate with the enemy except with an agreement of the factions of the jihad and the Iraqi resistance; and under the appropriate circumstances and conditions." | * "We confirm the necessity of continuing the killing until the exit of the last soldier from the occupying armies, and to not negotiate with the enemy except with an agreement of the factions of the jihad and the Iraqi resistance; and under the appropriate circumstances and conditions." | ||
In July 2007, ''[[The Guardian]]'' reported that the group participated with other insurgent groups in an alliance called the [[Political Council for the Iraqi Resistance]], which includes a range of Islamist and nationalist-leaning groups which was formed to negotiate with the Americans in anticipation of an early US withdrawal. Main planks of the joint political program included a commitment to free Iraq from foreign troops, rejection of cooperation with parties involved in political institutions set up under the occupation and a declaration that decisions and agreements made by the US occupation and Iraqi government are null and void."<ref name="Guardian">{{cite | In July 2007, ''[[The Guardian]]'' reported that the group participated with other insurgent groups in an alliance called the [[Political Council for the Iraqi Resistance]], which includes a range of Islamist and nationalist-leaning groups which was formed to negotiate with the Americans in anticipation of an early US withdrawal. Main planks of the joint political program included "a commitment to free Iraq from foreign troops, rejection of cooperation with parties involved in political institutions set up under the occupation and a declaration that decisions and agreements made by the US occupation and Iraqi government are null and void."<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/Iraq/Story/0,,2129675,00.html|title=Insurgents form political front to plan for US pullout|first=Seumas|last=Milne|newspaper=the Guardian|date=19 July 2007|access-date=14 February 2023}}</ref> | ||
==Operations in Diyala in August 2007== | ==Operations in Diyala in August 2007== | ||
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* [[List of armed groups in the Iraqi Civil War]] | * [[List of armed groups in the Iraqi Civil War]] | ||
* [[United Jihad Factions Council]] | * [[United Jihad Factions Council]] | ||
* [[1920 Revolution Brigades]] | * [[1920 Revolution Brigades]] | ||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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[[Category:2007 establishments in Iraq]] | [[Category:2007 establishments in Iraq]] | ||
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by Iraq]] | [[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by Iraq]] | ||
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist | [[Category:Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist]] | ||