Fred Goodwill: Difference between revisions

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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
  | image            = Fred_Goodwill,_1900,_by_Felix_S_Wecksler.jpg
  | image            = Fred_Goodwill,_1900,_by_Felix_S_Wecksler.jpg
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  | alt              = Fred Goodwill, as a young Missionary in India, 1900s by Felix S Wecksler
  | alt              = Fred Goodwill, as a young Missionary in India, 1900s by Felix S Wecksler
  | birth_date      = {{Birth date|df=yes|1874|02|20}}
  | birth_date      = {{Birth date|df=yes|1874|02|20}}
  | birth_place      = [[Helperby]], [[York]], UK<ref name="Who">{{cite book|last1=Kelly|first1=Charles|title=Methodist Who's Who|date=1912|location=London|page=92|url=http://www.mocavo.com/The-Methodist-Whos-Who/722074/96|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref>
  | birth_place      = [[Helperby]], [[York]], UK<ref name="Who">{{cite book|last1=Kelly|first1=Charles|title=Methodist Who's Who|date=1912|location=London|page=92|url=http://www.mocavo.com/The-Methodist-Whos-Who/722074/96|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref>
  | death_date      = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1969|05|1|1874|02|20}}
  | death_date      = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1969|05|1|1874|02|20}}
  | death_place      = [[Shropshire]]
  | death_place      = [[Shropshire]]
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}}
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'''Fred Goodwill''' (1874&ndash;1969) was a British missionary stationed in [[Bangalore]], [[British India]] between 1899 and 1924,<ref name="Who"/><ref name=Findlay>{{cite book|last1=Findlay|first1=George|title=The history of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society (1921)|date=1921|publisher=Epworth Press|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofwesley05finduoft/page/297 297]|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofwesley05finduoft|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=Minutes>{{cite book|last1=Wesleyan Methodist Church|title=Minutes of Several Conversations at the Yearly Conference of the People Called Methodists|date=1898|publisher=Wesleyan Methodist Church|location=London|pages=164–5|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Minutes_of_Several_Conversations_at_the_Yearly_Conference_of_the_1000840416/171|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref><ref name=Deccan>{{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=Chethan|title=Tale of Another Missionary|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/209596/F|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=2012}}</ref><ref name=JS-Share>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Jayne|title=Fred Goodwill|publisher=Sharehistory.org|url=http://www.sharehistory.org/posts/3-fred-goodwill}}</ref> serving as the Superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission, Bangalore and [[Kolar Gold Fields]].<ref name="Bible House" /><ref name=WMMS>{{cite book|last1=Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society|title=The 99th Report of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society|date=1913|page=32,91}}</ref><ref name=CLS>{{cite book|first1=Norman|last1=Sargant|title=From missions to church in Karnataka, 1920–1950|date=1987|publisher=Christian Literature Society|pages=4, 9, 18|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Ts0WAAAAIAAJ&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&q=Fred+Goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref> He is acknowledged for working for the cause of education of native women in the [[Bangalore Cantonment]]. The [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]] located in [[Fraser Town, Bangalore|Fraser Town]], Bangalore Cantonment is named after him.<ref name=Deccan /><ref name=Encyclo>{{cite book|last1=Asher|first1=Catherine B|title=India 2001: Reference Encyclopedia, Volume 1|date=1995|publisher=South Asia Publications|page=26|url=https://books.google.com/?id=F_BtAAAAMAAJ&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&q=f.+goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014|isbn=9780945921424}}</ref><ref name=Krupa /><ref name=Deccan-Wesley>{{cite news|last=Deccan Herald|title=Supporting the community|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/342088/supporting-community.html|accessdate=8 July 2014|work=Deccan Herald|date=2 July 2013}}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news|last1=The New Indian Express|title=Rediscover old Bangalore at Rangoli Metro Art Centre|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bangalore/Rediscover-old-Bangalore-at-Rangoli-Metro-Art-Centre/2013/11/04/article1871268.ece|issue=Bangalore|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=4 November 2013}}</ref><ref name=Kushala>{{cite news|last1=S|first1=Kushala|title=Journey through the spirit of Bangalore|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/bangalore/others/Journey-through-the-spirit-of-Bangalore/articleshow/44942951.cms|accessdate=9 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=27 October 2014}}</ref> He was a scholar of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] Language,<ref name=JS-Share /><ref name=Krupa>{{cite web|last=Rajangam|first=Krupa|title=Mootoocherry and St Marks: These are districts, the English built|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/mootoocherry-and-st-marks-these-are-districts-the-english-built|publisher=Citizen Matters Bangalore|date=27 June 2013|accessdate=11 March 2014}}</ref> and was also fluent in Canarese ([[Kannada]]) and Telagu ([[Telugu language|Telugu]]).<ref name="JS-Share2">{{cite web|last=Jane|first=Smith|title=Fred Goodwill|url=http://www.sharehistory.org/posts/3-fred-goodwill|publisher=Share History}}</ref> Fred is acknowledged as an authority on Tamil Shaiva Literature, with authors quoting from his research.<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /><ref name=Meykandan /><ref name=Bergunder /> As one of the founding members of the Mythic Society,<ref name="Aruni Song" /> his published papers on the history of the Mysore State form the basis of history of the State, as we know it now.<ref name=ICHR /><ref name=Parsons-1930>{{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Constance E|last2=Milford|first2=H|title=Mysore City|date=1930|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Mysore (India)|pages=[https://archive.org/details/MysoreCity1930/page/n201 140]|url=https://archive.org/details/MysoreCity1930|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref><ref name=British-History>{{cite journal|title=University of London, Institute for Historical Research|journal=Writings on British History|date=1969|volume=4|pages=119}}</ref>
'''Fred Goodwill''' (1874&ndash;1969) was a British missionary stationed in [[Bangalore]], [[British India]], between 1899 and 1924,<ref name="Who"/><ref name=Findlay>{{cite book|last1=Findlay|first1=George|title=The history of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society (1921)|date=1921|publisher=Epworth Press|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofwesley05finduoft/page/297 297]|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofwesley05finduoft|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=Minutes>{{cite book|last1=Wesleyan Methodist Church|title=Minutes of Several Conversations at the Yearly Conference of the People Called Methodists|date=1898|publisher=Wesleyan Methodist Church|location=London|pages=164–5|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Minutes_of_Several_Conversations_at_the_Yearly_Conference_of_the_1000840416/171|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=Deccan>{{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=Chethan|title=Tale of Another Missionary|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/209596/F|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=2022}}</ref><ref name=JS-Share>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Jayne|title=Fred Goodwill|publisher=Sharehistory.org|url=http://www.sharehistory.org/posts/3-fred-goodwill}}</ref> serving as the superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission, Bangalore and [[Kolar Gold Fields]].<ref name="Bible House" /><ref name=WMMS>{{cite book|last1=Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society|title=The 99th Report of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society|date=1913|page=32,91}}</ref><ref name=CLS>{{cite book|first1=Norman|last1=Sargant|title=From missions to church in Karnataka, 1920–1950|date=1987|publisher=Christian Literature Society|pages=4, 9, 18|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ts0WAAAAIAAJ&q=Fred+Goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref> He is acknowledged for working for the cause of education of native women in the [[Bangalore Cantonment]]. The [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]] located in [[Fraser Town, Bangalore|Fraser Town]], Bangalore Cantonment is named after him.<ref name=Deccan /><ref name=Encyclo>{{cite book|last1=Asher|first1=Catherine B|title=India 2001: Reference Encyclopedia, Volume 1|date=1995|publisher=South Asia Publications|page=26|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_BtAAAAMAAJ&q=f.+goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014|isbn=9780945921424}}</ref><ref name=Krupa /><ref name=Deccan-Wesley>{{cite news|last=Deccan Herald|title=Supporting the community|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/342088/supporting-community.html|accessdate=8 July 2014|work=Deccan Herald|date=2 July 2022}}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news|last1=The New Indian Express|title=Rediscover old Bangalore at Rangoli Metro Art Centre|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bangalore/Rediscover-old-Bangalore-at-Rangoli-Metro-Art-Centre/2013/11/04/article1871268.ece|issue=Bangalore|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=4 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=Kushala>{{cite news|last1=S|first1=Kushala|title=Journey through the spirit of Bangalore|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/bangalore/others/Journey-through-the-spirit-of-Bangalore/articleshow/44942951.cms|accessdate=9 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=27 October 2022}}</ref> He was a scholar of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] Language,<ref name=JS-Share /><ref name=Krupa>{{cite web|last=Rajangam|first=Krupa|title=Mootoocherry and St Marks: These are districts, the English built|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/mootoocherry-and-st-marks-these-are-districts-the-english-built|publisher=Citizen Matters Bangalore|date=27 June 2013|accessdate=11 March 2022}}</ref> and was also fluent in Canarese ([[Kannada]]) and Telagu ([[Telugu language|Telugu]]).<ref name="JS-Share2">{{cite web|last=Jane|first=Smith|title=Fred Goodwill|url=http://www.sharehistory.org/posts/3-fred-goodwill|publisher=Share History}}</ref> Fred is acknowledged as an authority on Tamil Shaiva Literature, with authors quoting from his research.<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /><ref name=Meykandan /><ref name=Bergunder /> As one of the founding members of the Mythic Society,<ref name="Aruni Song" /> his published papers on the history of the Mysore State form the basis of history of the State, as we know it now.<ref name=ICHR /><ref name=Parsons-1930>{{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Constance E|last2=Milford|first2=H|title=Mysore City|date=1930|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Mysore (India)|pages=[https://archive.org/details/MysoreCity1930/page/n201 140]|url=https://archive.org/details/MysoreCity1930|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=British-History>{{cite journal|title=University of London, Institute for Historical Research|journal=Writings on British History|date=1969|volume=4|pages=119}}</ref>


Fred Goodwill was a keen photographer<ref name=Who /> and documented life in British India, especially life around the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], with hundreds of photos. His photos are not only of churches and schools, but of ordinary people in India, with subjects such as butchers, tradesmen, travelling minstrels, friars, cooks, dhobhis, worshippers, and temples, monuments, etc. His pictures have recently evoked lot of interest in social media groups interested in Bangalore and Indian history. They were part of a group of photos exhibited at the Rangoli Metro Art Centre, Bangalore, in November 2013, and have appeared in many news articles on old Bangalore,<ref name="Indian Express" /><ref name=TOI>{{cite news|last=Kumar|first=G. S.|title=From the frames: Snapshots of Bangalore from early 1900s|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-11-05/bangalore/43693541_1_lalbagh-rangoli-metro-art-centre-photographs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109040804/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-11-05/bangalore/43693541_1_lalbagh-rangoli-metro-art-centre-photographs|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=5 November 2013}}</ref><ref name=Hindu>{{cite news|last=The Hindu|title=Remembrance of things past|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/remembrance-of-things-past/article5322739.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=7 November 2013}}</ref><ref name=Mirror>{{cite news|last=Madhukar|first=Jayanthi|title=Memories of Bangalore|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/entertainment/lounge/Memories-of-Bangalore/articleshow/25223521.cms|newspaper=Bangalore Mirror|date=4 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Harshini">{{cite news|last=Vakkalanka|first=Harshini|title=History in black and white|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/history-in-black-and-white/article5340331.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=12 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="Tale of two cities">{{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=Chethan|title=Tale of two cities|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/237402/tale-two-cities.html|accessdate=22 August 2014|work=Deccan Herald|date=2012}}</ref> and were also exhibited at the [[Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage|INTACH]] exhibition at [[Ulsoor]].<ref name=Yore>{{cite news|title=The stories of yore|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/438901/stories-yore.html|accessdate=25 February 2015|agency=DHNS|issue=Bangalore|work=Deccan Herald|date=1 November 2014}}</ref> Many of his photos have been published in books published in [[British India]]<ref name=Parsons>{{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Constance E|title=A Tour in the Mysore State (Melkote to Gersoppa)|date=1931|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=v, 61|url=https://books.google.com/?id=0dtGAAAAIAAJ&dq=rev.+f.+goodwill+bangalore&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref><ref name="Marbles Photo">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Ancient Game of Marbles as Played in our Tamil Boys Boarding School, Bangalore|url=https://books.google.com/?id=PjM9AQAAMAAJ&q=F+goodwill+marbles+boys+tamil&dq=F+goodwill+marbles+boys+tamil|accessdate=27 August 2014|journal=Wesleyan Mission House: At Home and Abroad|date=1908|volume=3|page=109}}</ref> and have also been published as [[Raphael Tuck & Sons|Tucks]] India Series Postcards.
Fred Goodwill was a keen photographer<ref name=Who /> and documented life in British India, especially life around the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], with hundreds of photos. His photos are not only of churches and schools, but of ordinary people in India, with subjects such as butchers, tradesmen, travelling minstrels, friars, cooks, dhobhis, worshippers, and temples, monuments, etc. His pictures have recently evoked lot of interest in social media groups interested in Bangalore and Indian history. They were part of a group of photos exhibited at the Rangoli Metro Art Centre, Bangalore, in November 2013, and have appeared in many news articles on old Bangalore,<ref name="Indian Express" /><ref name=TOI>{{cite news|last=Kumar|first=G. S.|title=From the frames: Snapshots of Bangalore from early 1900s|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-11-05/bangalore/43693541_1_lalbagh-rangoli-metro-art-centre-photographs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109040804/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-11-05/bangalore/43693541_1_lalbagh-rangoli-metro-art-centre-photographs|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=5 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=Hindu>{{cite news|last=The Hindu|title=Remembrance of things past|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/remembrance-of-things-past/article5322739.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=7 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=Mirror>{{cite news|last=Madhukar|first=Jayanthi|title=Memories of Bangalore|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/entertainment/lounge/Memories-of-Bangalore/articleshow/25223521.cms|newspaper=Bangalore Mirror|date=4 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Harshini">{{cite news|last=Vakkalanka|first=Harshini|title=History in black and white|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/history-in-black-and-white/article5340331.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=12 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="Tale of two cities">{{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=Chethan|title=Tale of two cities|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/237402/tale-two-cities.html|accessdate=22 August 2014|work=Deccan Herald|date=2022}}</ref> and were also exhibited at the [[Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage|INTACH]] exhibition at [[Ulsoor]].<ref name=Yore>{{cite news|title=The stories of yore|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/438901/stories-yore.html|accessdate=25 February 2015|agency=DHNS|issue=Bangalore|work=Deccan Herald|date=1 November 2022}}</ref> Many of his photos have been published in books published in [[British India]]<ref name=Parsons>{{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Constance E|title=A Tour in the Mysore State (Melkote to Gersoppa)|date=1931|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=v, 61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0dtGAAAAIAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="Marbles Photo">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Ancient Game of Marbles as Played in our Tamil Boys Boarding School, Bangalore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PjM9AQAAMAAJ&q=F+goodwill+marbles+boys+tamil|accessdate=27 August 2014|journal=Wesleyan Mission House: At Home and Abroad|date=1908|volume=3|page=109}}</ref> and have also been published as [[Raphael Tuck & Sons|Tucks]] India Series Postcards.


Fred was the youngest child of farmers Thomas and Elizabeth Goodwill. His birth was registered in the first quarter of 1874 (Volume 9, p.&nbsp;85) at Great Ouseburn.<ref name=Who /> The family owned 56 acres of land and lived in the Main Street of [[Helperby]]. Fred's siblings were James (born 1857), Hannah (born 1859), Thomas (born 1860), Elizabeth (born 1868) and Pollie (born 1872).<ref name="JS-Share"/>
Fred was the youngest child of farmers Thomas and Elizabeth Goodwill. His birth was registered in the first quarter of 1874 (Volume 9, p.&nbsp;85) at Great Ouseburn.<ref name=Who /> The family owned 56 acres of land and lived in the Main Street of [[Helperby]]. Fred's siblings were James (born 1857), Hannah (born 1859), Thomas (born 1860), Elizabeth (born 1868) and Pollie (born 1872).<ref name="JS-Share"/>
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== Marriage ==
== Marriage ==


Fred Goodwill met Alice Haynes, his future wife, presumably during his time at [[Handsworth, West Midlands|Handsworth]]. Alice lived at [[Old Hill]] and was a primitive [[Methodist]] while Fred was a [[Wesleyan]]. According to their daughter Bessie Goodwill, Fred had a posting in [[India]] and decided to go first to sort out things and then call Alice. The couple were married in [[Tumkur]], [[Princely State of Mysore|Mysore State]], [[British India]] in 1901.<ref name=JS-Share /><ref name=Aliyeh-Goodwill>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: Goodwill Hunting|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Goodwill-Hunting/articleshow/46254102.cms|accessdate=25 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=15 February 2015}}</ref> Extract from the India's Daily Post "The marriage of Miss Alice Haynes, of Old Hill, Staffordshire with the Rev F. Goodwill, Superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission, took place at the Wesleyan Church, [[Tumkur]] on 10 September 1901.<ref name="JS-Share"/>
Fred Goodwill met Alice Haynes, his future wife, presumably during his time at [[Handsworth, West Midlands|Handsworth]]. Alice lived at [[Old Hill]] and was a primitive [[Methodist]] while Fred was a [[Wesleyan]]. According to their daughter Bessie Goodwill, Fred had a posting in [[India]] and decided to go first to sort out things and then call Alice. The couple were married in [[Tumkur]], [[Princely State of Mysore|Mysore State]], [[British India]] in 1901.<ref name=JS-Share /><ref name=Aliyeh-Goodwill>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: Goodwill Hunting|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Goodwill-Hunting/articleshow/46254102.cms|accessdate=25 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=15 February 2022}}</ref> Extract from the India's Daily Post "The marriage of Miss Alice Haynes, of Old Hill, Staffordshire with the Rev F. Goodwill, Superintendent of the Wesleyan Tamil Mission, took place at the Wesleyan Church, [[Tumkur]] on 10 September 1901.<ref name="JS-Share"/>


== Life in India ==
== Life in India ==


India was a fascination for Fred, and he had a keen interest in its history, people, religions, scenery and native languages. Fred Goodwill was a gifted linguist, and was said to speak any language like a native after just six months practice. He could speak, read and write fluently in Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. His research in Indian history was not merely for his own interest, but he also contributed papers for various societies on these subjects. He had a scholarly command over the languages. Fred loved the people and culture of India, and was actively involved in photography of Indian landscapes, buildings, common Indians, etc. Some of his pictures depict day-to-day life in British India, such as men working the land, women winnowing grains, wild haired fakirs, a child chained to a stone, mother bathing infants, goat about to be slaughtered, etc. It was as though he could not just get enough of India.<ref name="JS-Share"/> Fred also authored articles and academic papers on South Indian History,<ref name=KGF>{{cite book|last1=Srikumar|first1=S|title=Kolar Gold Field: (Unfolding the Untold)|date=2014|publisher=Partridge India |isbn=9781482815078|pages=40–46|edition=International|url=https://books.google.com/?id=QrWEAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA40&lpg=PA40&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore#v=onepage&q=f%20goodwill%20tamil%20bangalore&f=false|accessdate=27 August 2014}}{{Self-published source|date=September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Mining Journal">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Religious and Military Story of Nudydurga|journal=KGF Mining and Metallurgical Society|date=1921|issue=5|ref=Mining Journal}}</ref> Indian Religions (especially [[Shaivism]])<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Iyengar>{{cite book|last1=Iyengar|first1=T R Sesha|title=Dravidian India|date=1925|publisher=Asian Educational Services|pages=104–105|url=https://books.google.com/?id=kt1Rp1eXRxoC&pg=PA105&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore#v=onepage&q=f%20goodwill%20tamil%20bangalore&f=false|accessdate=27 August 2014|isbn=9788120601352}}</ref><ref name=Mystic-Nandi>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Nandidroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1918|volume=9–10|page=300|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Mlk4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref> and Tamil Literature<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /> which were published in Journals. There is a mention of Fred Goodwill being appointed to the 'Committee on Temperance' of the South Indian Missionary Association in 1918–19,<ref>{{cite book|last=Christian Literature Society for India|title=Annual Report of the South Indian Missionary Association|date=1920|publisher=Christian Literature Society for India|location=Madras, British India|page=9|url=http://images.library.yale.edu/divinitycontent/dayrep/South%20Indian%20Missions%20Association%201918-1919%20v.22.pdf|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> being appointed as General Secretary of the Bangalore Tract and Book Society<ref name=Tract>{{cite book|last1=World Missionary Conference|title=Statistical Atlas of Christian Missions: Containing a Directory of Missionary Societies, a Classified Summary of Statistics, an Index of Mission Stations, and a Series of Specially Prepared Maps of Mission Fields|date=1910|publisher=The Conference|pages=48, 111|url=https://books.google.com/?id=iG8_AQAAMAAJ&dq=rev.+f.+goodwill+bangalore&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref> and being part of the inaugural function of the [[Hudson Memorial Church, Bangalore]] on 23 September 1904.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hudson Memorial Church, Bangalore|title=Hudson Memorial Church: History|url=http://hudsonmemorialchurch.wordpress.com/about-us-3/history/|website=WorldPress.com|accessdate=19 August 2014|ref=Hudson}}</ref>
India was a fascination for Fred, and he had a keen interest in its history, people, religions, scenery and native languages. Fred Goodwill was a gifted linguist, and was said to speak any language like a native after just six months practice. He could speak, read and write fluently in Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. His research in Indian history was not merely for his own interest, but he also contributed papers for various societies on these subjects. He had a scholarly command over the languages. Fred loved the people and culture of India, and was actively involved in photography of Indian landscapes, buildings, common Indians, etc. Some of his pictures depict day-to-day life in British India, such as men working the land, women winnowing grains, wild haired fakirs, a child chained to a stone, mother bathing infants, goat about to be slaughtered, etc. It was as though he could not just get enough of India.<ref name="JS-Share"/> Fred also authored articles and academic papers on South Indian History,<ref name=KGF>{{cite book|last1=Srikumar|first1=S|title=Kolar Gold Field: (Unfolding the Untold)|date=2014|publisher=Partridge India |isbn=9781482815078|pages=40–46|edition=International|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QrWEAwAAQBAJ&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&pg=PA40|accessdate=27 August 2022}}{{Self-published source|date=September 2022}}</ref><ref name="Mining Journal">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Religious and Military Story of Nudydurga|journal=KGF Mining and Metallurgical Society|date=1921|issue=5|ref=Mining Journal}}</ref> Indian Religions (especially [[Shaivism]])<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Iyengar>{{cite book|last1=Iyengar|first1=T R Sesha|title=Dravidian India|date=1925|publisher=Asian Educational Services|pages=104–105|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kt1Rp1eXRxoC&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&pg=PA105|accessdate=27 August 2014|isbn=9788120601352}}</ref><ref name=Mystic-Nandi>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Nandidroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1918|volume=9–10|page=300|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mlk4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref> and Tamil Literature<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /> which were published in Journals. There is a mention of Fred Goodwill being appointed to the 'Committee on Temperance' of the South Indian Missionary Association in 1918–19,<ref>{{cite book|last=Christian Literature Society for India|title=Annual Report of the South Indian Missionary Association|date=1920|publisher=Christian Literature Society for India|location=Madras, British India|page=9|url=http://images.library.yale.edu/divinitycontent/dayrep/South%20Indian%20Missions%20Association%201918-1919%20v.22.pdf|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref> being appointed as General Secretary of the Bangalore Tract and Book Society<ref name=Tract>{{cite book|last1=World Missionary Conference|title=Statistical Atlas of Christian Missions: Containing a Directory of Missionary Societies, a Classified Summary of Statistics, an Index of Mission Stations, and a Series of Specially Prepared Maps of Mission Fields|date=1910|publisher=The Conference|pages=48, 111|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iG8_AQAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref> and being part of the inaugural function of the [[Hudson Memorial Church, Bangalore]] on 23 September 1904.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hudson Memorial Church, Bangalore|title=Hudson Memorial Church: History|url=http://hudsonmemorialchurch.wordpress.com/about-us-3/history/|website=WorldPress.com|accessdate=19 August 2014|ref=Hudson}}</ref>


Fred seems to have been part of group of photography enthusiasts and could have traveled in groups taking pictures of life in India. Some of his pictures closely resemble the description of the photos in the Ellis Collection: Album depicting missionary life in South India,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoShowDescs.asp?CollID=520|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref> of the [[British Library]]. Many pictures of the Ellis Collection also mention Rev. Goodwill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18803|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18883|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18685|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref> The Ellis Collection was presented to the [[British Library]] by the British naturalist [[Arthur Erskine Ellis]], son of Rev. Robert Arthur Ellis, who was also a Wesleyan minister posted at Bangalore, serving as pastor of the John's Hill Church<ref name=BL-Ellis>{{cite web|last1=The British Library|title=India Office: Select Materials - Ellis Collection: Album depicting missionary life in South India|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoShowDescs.asp?CollID=520|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> (now Wesley English Church),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Wesley%20English%20Church/@12.9956073,77.6102991,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade%20Rd,%20Bengaluru,%20Karnataka,%20India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0x7de75393bc57cff|title=Google Maps}}</ref><ref name=Deccan-Wesley /> Promenade Road, which is just next to the Goodwills Girls School<ref>{{cite web|url=https://plus.google.com/108630729400109318609/about?gl=au&hl=en|title=Redirecting}}</ref> Campus, around the same time as Fred.
Fred seems to have been part of group of photography enthusiasts and could have traveled in groups taking pictures of life in India. Some of his pictures closely resemble the description of the photos in the Ellis Collection: Album depicting missionary life in South India,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoShowDescs.asp?CollID=520|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref> of the [[British Library]]. Many pictures of the Ellis Collection also mention Rev. Goodwill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18803|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18883|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoEnqFull.asp?PrintID=18685|title=The British Library|first=The British|last=Library}}</ref> The Ellis Collection was presented to the [[British Library]] by the British naturalist [[Arthur Erskine Ellis]], son of Rev. Robert Arthur Ellis, who was also a Wesleyan minister posted at Bangalore, serving as pastor of the John's Hill Church<ref name=BL-Ellis>{{cite web|last1=The British Library|title=India Office: Select Materials - Ellis Collection: Album depicting missionary life in South India|url=http://www.bl.uk/catalogues/indiaofficeselect/PhotoShowDescs.asp?CollID=520|accessdate=1 October 2022}}</ref> (now Wesley English Church),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Wesley%20English%20Church/@12.9956073,77.6102991,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade%20Rd,%20Bengaluru,%20Karnataka,%20India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0x7de75393bc57cff|title=Google Maps}}</ref><ref name=Deccan-Wesley /> Promenade Road, which is just next to the Goodwills Girls School<ref>{{cite web|url=https://plus.google.com/108630729400109318609/about?gl=au&hl=en|title=Redirecting}}</ref> Campus, around the same time as Fred.


=== Mythic Society ===
=== Mythic Society ===


Fred Goodwill was one of the founding members of the [[Daly Memorial Hall|Mythic Society]], Bangalore<ref name="Aruni Song" /> and also served the council as Branch Secretary for the year 1917–18,<ref name=Mythic /><ref name=Gupta>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=B M|title=Handbook of libraries, archives and information centres in India. 14. Social science and humanities information centres and sources|date=1996|publisher=Handbook of libraries, archives and information centres in India. 14. Social science and humanities information centres and sources|isbn=9788185330358|page=25|url=https://books.google.com/?id=LvTgAAAAMAAJ&q=rev.+f.+goodwill+bangalore&dq=rev.+f.+goodwill+bangalore|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref><ref name=Mythic-Books>{{cite journal|title=Mythic Society Bangalore, India|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1920|volume=11-12|pages=4|url=https://books.google.com/?id=s1g4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+mysore&dq=f+goodwill+mysore|format=snippet view only|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref> (the council also included names such as the [[Maharaja of Mysore]] and the [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III|Maharaja of Baroda]]), with the society journal reporting that his talks attracted large audiences.<ref name=Mythic>{{cite journal|title=Mythic Society (Bangalore, India)|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1918|volume=9–10|page=iv, 5, 8, 300}}</ref> Goodwill also researched for the Mystic Society and wrote for its quarterly journal,<ref name=Mythic-1980>{{cite journal|last1=The Mythic Society|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1980|volume=71|pages=85,113,115|url=https://books.google.com/?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&dq=some+forts+of+east+mysore+goodwill&q=goodwill+f|format=snippet view only|accessdate=2 November 2014|title=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society (Bangalore, India)}}</ref> the early history of [[Kolar Gold Fields]],<ref name=KGF /><ref name="Mining Journal" /><ref name=Mystic-Nandi /><ref name="Gayatri">{{cite book|last1=Chandrashekar|first1=Gayatri|title=Grit and Gold|date=2015|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=9781482855845|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ZV50CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT22&dq=Rev+Goodwill+Tamil#v=onepage&q=Rev%20Goodwill%20Tamil&f=false|accessdate=11 July 2016|language=en}}</ref> [[Mysore]],<ref name=Wodeyars>{{cite book|last1=Satyanarayana|first1=A|title=History of the Wodeyars of Mysore, 1610-1748|date=1996|publisher=Directorate of Archaeology and Museums|location=Mysore (Princely State)|pages=250|url=https://books.google.com/?id=3jduAAAAMAAJ&dq=f+goodwill+mysore&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref><ref name=Mythic-Mysore>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Some Forts of East Mysore|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1917|volume=8|page=154|url=https://books.google.com/?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&dq=some+forts+of+east+mysore+goodwill&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref> [[Bangalore]]<ref name=Mythic-Bangalore>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=British Prisoners in Mysore Fortresses|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1915|volume=6|pages=203–221|url=https://books.google.com/?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&dq=some+forts+of+east+mysore+goodwill&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref> and South India<ref name=Mythic-Devarayadroog>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Ancient Story of Devarayadroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1920|volume=11-12|pages=349–356|url=https://books.google.com/?id=s1g4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+mysore&dq=f+goodwill+mysore|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="Mythic Serpent">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Serpent Worship|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1909|volume=1|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&dq=some+forts+of+east+mysore+goodwill&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref> in general. His scholarly work on the 'Prison Song in Bangalore', based on the experiences of 'A Narrative of the Captivity and Sufferings of the Officers, Soldiers and Sepoys, who fell into the Hands of Hyder-Ali, after the Battle of Conjeveram (Kanchi), 10 September 1780', is acknowledged to be part of the history of Bangalore.<ref name="Aruni Song">{{cite news|last1=Aruni|first1=S K|title=A song of captivity|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/a-song-of-captivity/article2896340.ece|accessdate=8 September 2014|agency=The Hindu|date=15 February 2012}}</ref><ref name=DC-Prison>{{cite news|last1=Upadhye|first1=Amit S|title=Even British cried for their freedom in Bengaluru|url=http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/even-british-cried-their-freedom-bengaluru|access-date=8 September 2014|agency=Deccan Chronicle|date=16 August 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908064947/http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/even-british-cried-their-freedom-bengaluru|archive-date=8 September 2014}}</ref> In 2009, two of Fred Goodwill's articles – Nandidroog (1918);<ref name=Mystic-Nandi /> Hutridroog and Huliyurdroog (1924);<ref name=Mythic-Huti>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Hutridroog and Huliyurdroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1924|volume=XIV|issue=2|pages=73–81|url=http://www.southasiaarchive.com/Content/sarf.120045/206781/002|accessdate=8 September 2014}}</ref> previously published in the Quarterly journal of the Mythic Society [volumes 1–100] were among the 30 articles chosen to be re-published from the 100 volumes of the journal, as Gems of Scholarships: Archaeology & Antiquities Selected Articles from QJMS [1909–2009], in association with the [[Indian Council of Historical Research|Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR)]].<ref name=ICHR>{{cite book|last1=ICHR|title=Annual Report (2009–2010)|date=2011|publisher=Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR)|location=New Delhi|page=76}}</ref><ref name=artscapeindia>{{cite web|last1=Artscape India|title=Art, Resources & Teaching Trust: Online Catalog|url=http://artscapeindia.org/library/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=2509&category_id=6&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=1|publisher=artscapeindia.org|accessdate=8 September 2014}}</ref>
Fred Goodwill was one of the founding members of the [[Daly Memorial Hall|Mythic Society]], Bangalore<ref name="Aruni Song" /> and also served the council as Branch Secretary for the year 1917–18,<ref name=Mythic /><ref name=Gupta>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=B M|title=Handbook of libraries, archives and information centres in India. 14. Social science and humanities information centres and sources|date=1996|publisher=Handbook of libraries, archives and information centres in India. 14. Social science and humanities information centres and sources|isbn=9788185330358|page=25|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvTgAAAAMAAJ&q=rev.+f.+goodwill+bangalore|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref><ref name=Mythic-Books>{{cite journal|title=Mythic Society Bangalore, India|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1920|volume=11-12|pages=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s1g4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+mysore|format=snippet view only|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref> (the council also included names such as the [[Maharaja of Mysore]] and the [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III|Maharaja of Baroda]]), with the society journal reporting that his talks attracted large audiences.<ref name=Mythic>{{cite journal|title=Mythic Society (Bangalore, India)|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1918|volume=9–10|page=iv, 5, 8, 300}}</ref> Goodwill also researched for the Mystic Society and wrote for its quarterly journal,<ref name=Mythic-1980>{{cite journal|last1=The Mythic Society|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1980|volume=71|pages=85,113,115|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill+f|format=snippet view only|accessdate=2 November 2014|title=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society (Bangalore, India)}}</ref> the early history of [[Kolar Gold Fields]],<ref name=KGF /><ref name="Mining Journal" /><ref name=Mystic-Nandi /><ref name="Gayatri">{{cite book|last1=Chandrashekar|first1=Gayatri|title=Grit and Gold|date=2015|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=9781482855845|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZV50CgAAQBAJ&dq=Rev+Goodwill+Tamil&pg=PT22|accessdate=11 July 2016|language=en}}</ref> [[Mysore]],<ref name=Wodeyars>{{cite book|last1=Satyanarayana|first1=A|title=History of the Wodeyars of Mysore, 1610-1748|date=1996|publisher=Directorate of Archaeology and Museums|location=Mysore (Princely State)|pages=250|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3jduAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=Mythic-Mysore>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Some Forts of East Mysore|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1917|volume=8|page=154|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref> [[Bangalore]]<ref name=Mythic-Bangalore>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=British Prisoners in Mysore Fortresses|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1915|volume=6|pages=203–221|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref> and South India<ref name=Mythic-Devarayadroog>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Ancient Story of Devarayadroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1920|volume=11-12|pages=349–356|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s1g4AQAAMAAJ&q=f+goodwill+mysore|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="Mythic Serpent">{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Serpent Worship|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1909|volume=1|page=83|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AANuAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref> in general. His scholarly work on the 'Prison Song in Bangalore', based on the experiences of 'A Narrative of the Captivity and Sufferings of the Officers, Soldiers and Sepoys, who fell into the Hands of Hyder-Ali, after the Battle of Conjeveram (Kanchi), 10 September 1780', is acknowledged to be part of the history of Bangalore.<ref name="Aruni Song">{{cite news|last1=Aruni|first1=S K|title=A song of captivity|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/a-song-of-captivity/article2896340.ece|accessdate=8 September 2014|agency=The Hindu|date=15 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=DC-Prison>{{cite news|last1=Upadhye|first1=Amit S|title=Even British cried for their freedom in Bengaluru|url=http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/even-british-cried-their-freedom-bengaluru|access-date=8 September 2014|agency=Deccan Chronicle|date=16 August 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908064947/http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/even-british-cried-their-freedom-bengaluru|archive-date=8 September 2022}}</ref> In 2009, two of Fred Goodwill's articles – Nandidroog (1918);<ref name=Mystic-Nandi /> Hutridroog and Huliyurdroog (1924);<ref name=Mythic-Huti>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=Hutridroog and Huliyurdroog|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society|date=1924|volume=XIV|issue=2|pages=73–81|url=http://www.southasiaarchive.com/Content/sarf.120045/206781/002|accessdate=8 September 2022}}</ref> previously published in the Quarterly journal of the Mythic Society [volumes 1–100] were among the 30 articles chosen to be re-published from the 100 volumes of the journal, as Gems of Scholarships: Archaeology & Antiquities Selected Articles from QJMS [1909–2009], in association with the [[Indian Council of Historical Research|Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR)]].<ref name=ICHR>{{cite book|last1=ICHR|title=Annual Report (2009–2010)|date=2011|publisher=Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR)|location=New Delhi|page=76}}</ref><ref name=artscapeindia>{{cite web|last1=Artscape India|title=Art, Resources & Teaching Trust: Online Catalog|url=http://artscapeindia.org/library/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=2509&category_id=6&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=1|publisher=artscapeindia.org|accessdate=8 September 2022}}</ref>


=== Girls Education at the Bangalore Cantonment ===
=== Girls Education at the Bangalore Cantonment ===
{{main|Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore}}
{{main|Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore}}
Education of the Indians, especially women's education was very close to his heart. In [[British India]], education of the girl child was considered a taboo by [[Hindus]] as well as [[Indian Christians]]. Bangalore had had a Wesleyan Girls school since 1851, and Fred Goodwill built on its foundations and improved the school to a great extent. In 1906, Fred Goodwill began to assist the principal of the school Ms. Sisterson, eventually becoming its manager. His wife, Alice also got actively involved in educating the children and took time to teach needlework and crafts.<ref name=Amazon /> Fred Goodwill was keen to stress to importance of education of girls irrespective of any [[Indian caste system|caste]] barriers in the Bangalore Cantonment.<ref name="Bible House">{{cite book|last1=British and Foreign Bible Society|title=111th Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society|date=1915|publisher=Bible House|page=236|url=https://books.google.com/?id=cZg_AQAAMAAJ&dq=f+goodwill+tamil+bangalore&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref><ref name=Amazon /> He once wrote in "preparing girls for future work we remember that we are preparing workers to hasten the time when foreign missionaries will be a thing of the past". In respect for his work at the Wesleyan Tamil School was renamed as [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]].<ref name=Encyclo /><ref name=Deccan-Wesley /><ref name=Amazon>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Jane|title=Fred Goodwill|url=http://s3.amazonaws.com/historypie_devel/class/files/847/original/fred%20goodwill,6382,0.pdf|publisher=Amzon Web Services}}</ref>
Education of the Indians, especially women's education was very close to his heart. In [[British India]], education of the girl child was considered a taboo by [[Hindus]] as well as [[Indian Christians]]. Bangalore had had a Wesleyan Girls school since 1851, and Fred Goodwill built on its foundations and improved the school to a great extent. In 1906, Fred Goodwill began to assist the principal of the school Ms. Sisterson, eventually becoming its manager. His wife, Alice also got actively involved in educating the children and took time to teach needlework and crafts.<ref name=Amazon /> Fred Goodwill was keen to stress to importance of education of girls irrespective of any [[Indian caste system|caste]] barriers in the Bangalore Cantonment.<ref name="Bible House">{{cite book|last1=British and Foreign Bible Society|title=111th Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society|date=1915|publisher=Bible House|page=236|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cZg_AQAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref><ref name=Amazon /> He once wrote in "preparing girls for future work we remember that we are preparing workers to hasten the time when foreign missionaries will be a thing of the past". In respect for his work at the Wesleyan Tamil School was renamed as [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]].<ref name=Encyclo /><ref name=Deccan-Wesley /><ref name=Amazon>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Jane|title=Fred Goodwill|url=http://s3.amazonaws.com/historypie_devel/class/files/847/original/fred%20goodwill,6382,0.pdf|publisher=Amzon Web Services}}</ref>


=== Contribution to Tamil ===
=== Contribution to Tamil ===


In his 26 years in India, Rev. Fred Goodwill contributed immensely to the education and progress of [[Tamil language|Tamil]] literature in [[Bangalore Cantonment]]. His name is associated with books on Tamil Literature published around that period in British India, and Fred Goodwill authored many academic articles on Tamil Literature, which were published in Journals.<ref name=Siddhanta>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Saiva Siddhanta|journal=The Siddhanta Deepika or the Light of Truth|volume=6|date=1903|pages=144–153|url=https://archive.org/details/SiddhantaDeepikaVolume6|accessdate=27 August 2014}}</ref><ref name=Saivite>{{cite book|last1=Kingsbury|first1=Frank|title=Hymns of the Tamil Saivite Saints (1921)|date=1921|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=Author's Note|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/guruguha/MusicResearchLibrary/Books-English/BkE-KingsburyF&PhillipsGE-Hymns-of-Tamil-Saivite-Saints-1921-0103.pdf|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> Fred's articles on Tamil literature are mainly on the [[Shaivism]] philosophy,<ref name=Meykandan>{{cite book|last1=Civācāriyar|first1=Aruṇanti|title=Šivajñāna Siddhiyār of Arunandi Šivāchārya|date=1913|publisher=Meykandan Press|page=iii, xiii|url=https://books.google.com/?id=muUxAQAAMAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+tamil&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Bergunder>{{cite book|last1=Bergunder|first1=Michael|last2=Frese|first2=Heiko|last3=Schröder|first3=Ulrike|title=Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India|date=2011|publisher=Franckesche Stiftungen zu Halle|location=Germany|isbn=9789380607214|page=50|url=https://books.google.com/?id=OcEM2IsnA1AC&pg=PA50&dq=F+goodwill+tamil#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Ramachandran>{{cite book|last1=Ramachandran|first1=T N|title=Saiva Siddhantam|date=1984|publisher=Dharmapura Adhinam|location=Dharmapuram, Mayiladuthurai, TN, India|url=https://archive.org/stream/saivasiddhantam004146mbp/saivasiddhantam004146mbp_djvu.txt|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Pillai1913>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=Sivajnana Siddhiyar of Arunandi Sivacharya|date=1913|publisher=Meykandan Press|location=Madras, British India|url=https://archive.org/stream/ivajasiddhiyro00arun/ivajasiddhiyro00arun_djvu.txt|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Pillai-Serpent>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=G Subrahmanya|title=Tree-worship and Ophiolatry|date=1948|publisher=Annamalai University Publication|pages=100|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mJlLAAAAIAAJ&dq=f+goodwill+serpent+worship&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2014}}</ref> [[Tiruvacakam]], the poetry of the Shavite Saints [[Tirunavukkarasar]], [[Manikkavacakar]], [[Sundarar]] and [[Sambandar]].<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /><ref name=Meykandan /><ref name=Bergunder /><ref name="BrookSchmid">{{cite book|last1=Brook|first1=Timothy|last2=Schmid|first2=Andre|title=Nation Work: Asian Elites and National Identities|date=2000|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472087648|page=73|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ICE5FC_8nRAC&pg=PA73&dq=Rev+Goodwill+Tamil#v=onepage&q=Rev%20Goodwill%20Tamil&f=false|accessdate=11 July 2016}}</ref> Research done by Fred Goodwill is quoted by works of later authors of Dravidian culture, Shaiva Siddhanta and Ancient Tamil literature, along with that of [[George Uglow Pope]].<ref name=Arulsamy>{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Religion for a New Society|date=2000|publisher=ISPCK|location=Delhi|isbn=9788172145941|page=62|url=https://books.google.com/?id=_2zXAAAAMAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Dharmaram>{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Journal of Dharma, Volume 11|date=1986|publisher=Centre for the Study of World Religions, Dharmaram College|location=Bangalore|url=https://books.google.com/?id=BOYnAAAAYAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="Arulsamy 2">{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Saivism, a perspective of grace|date=1987|publisher=Sterling Publishers Private Limited|page=1|url=https://books.google.com/?id=K2QqAAAAYAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Raman>{{cite book|last1=Raman|first1=V V|title=The Siddhānta Dipikā and Āgamic Review or The Light of Truth: Volume 10|date=1994|publisher=Asian Educational Services|page=37}}</ref><ref name=TamilName>{{cite book|last1=Mutaliyār|first1=T Celvakkēcavarāya|title=சைவ சபை, பாளையங்கோட்டை, 25-வது ஆண்டு நிறைவுமகாசங்கப் பிரசங்கங்கள்|date=1912|publisher=ராமநிலைய விவேகானந்த முத்திராக்ஷரசாலை|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/?id=r-MwAQAAMAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Nallasami>{{cite book|last1=Balasubramaniam|first1=K M|title=The life of J. M. Nallaswami Pillai: the centenary memorial to a champion of Saiva siddhanta|date=1965|publisher=J. M. Somasundaram Pillai|page=i, 141|url=https://books.google.com/?id=-TpIAAAAMAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=Goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Thekkedath>{{cite book|last1=Thekkedath|first1=Joseph|title=History of Christianity in India: pt. 2. Tamilnadu in the nineteenth and twentieth century|date=1990|publisher=Church History Association of India|page=144|url=https://books.google.com/?id=x0MKAQAAMAAJ&dq=F+goodwill+siddhanta&q=F.+Goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2014}}</ref> About the Tamil poetry and literature on Saiva Siddhanta he remarked "'Those who have studied the system unanimously agree that this eulogy is not a whit too enthusiastic or free worded. That the system is eclectic is at once apparent".<ref name=Pillai-Calcutta>{{cite journal|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=The Saiva Religion and Saiva Advaita Siddhanta Philosophy|journal=Convention of Religions, Calcutta|date=1909|url=http://www.shaivam.org/english/sen-sd-saiva-religion-and-saiva-advaita.htm|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Thiru-MY>{{cite web|last1=Thiruvengadam|first1=Mu|title=The World Hails Tamil Religion|date=n.d.|url=http://www.geocities.ws/muthiru01/12.html|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Proceedings>{{cite journal|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=The Saiva Religion|journal=Convention of Religions in India: Proceedings|date=1910|pages=439–440|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Proceedings_1910_1000035231/439|accessdate=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904131846/http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Proceedings_1910_1000035231/439|archive-date=4 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Pillai-Madras>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=Studies in Saiva Siddhanta|date=1911|publisher=The Meykandan Press|location=Madras, British India|page=[https://archive.org/details/studiesinsaiva00pilluoft/page/n347 314]|url=https://archive.org/details/studiesinsaiva00pilluoft|accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Baskaran>{{cite book|last1=Baskaran|first1=V|title=Contribution of religion to the development of temples with special reference to Saivism: a study|date=2012|publisher=Shodh Ganga|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/5362/14/14_chapter%206.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2014}}</ref>
In his 26 years in India, Rev. Fred Goodwill contributed immensely to the education and progress of [[Tamil language|Tamil]] literature in [[Bangalore Cantonment]]. His name is associated with books on Tamil Literature published around that period in British India, and Fred Goodwill authored many academic articles on Tamil Literature, which were published in Journals.<ref name=Siddhanta>{{cite journal|last1=Goodwill|first1=Fred|title=The Saiva Siddhanta|journal=The Siddhanta Deepika or the Light of Truth|volume=6|date=1903|pages=144–153|url=https://archive.org/details/SiddhantaDeepikaVolume6|accessdate=27 August 2022}}</ref><ref name=Saivite>{{cite book|last1=Kingsbury|first1=Frank|title=Hymns of the Tamil Saivite Saints (1921)|date=1921|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=Author's Note|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/guruguha/MusicResearchLibrary/Books-English/BkE-KingsburyF&PhillipsGE-Hymns-of-Tamil-Saivite-Saints-1921-0103.pdf|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref> Fred's articles on Tamil literature are mainly on the [[Shaivism]] philosophy,<ref name=Meykandan>{{cite book|last1=Civācāriyar|first1=Aruṇanti|title=Šivajñāna Siddhiyār of Arunandi Šivāchārya|date=1913|publisher=Meykandan Press|page=iii, xiii|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muUxAQAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Bergunder>{{cite book|last1=Bergunder|first1=Michael|last2=Frese|first2=Heiko|last3=Schröder|first3=Ulrike|title=Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India|date=2011|publisher=Franckesche Stiftungen zu Halle|location=Germany|isbn=9789380607214|page=50|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OcEM2IsnA1AC&dq=F+goodwill+tamil&pg=PA50|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Ramachandran>{{cite book|last1=Ramachandran|first1=T N|title=Saiva Siddhantam|date=1984|publisher=Dharmapura Adhinam|location=Dharmapuram, Mayiladuthurai, TN, India|url=https://archive.org/stream/saivasiddhantam004146mbp/saivasiddhantam004146mbp_djvu.txt|accessdate=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Pillai1913>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=Sivajnana Siddhiyar of Arunandi Sivacharya|date=1913|publisher=Meykandan Press|location=Madras, British India|url=https://archive.org/stream/ivajasiddhiyro00arun/ivajasiddhiyro00arun_djvu.txt|accessdate=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Pillai-Serpent>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=G Subrahmanya|title=Tree-worship and Ophiolatry|date=1948|publisher=Annamalai University Publication|pages=100|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mJlLAAAAIAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=2 November 2022}}</ref> [[Tiruvacakam]], the poetry of the Shavite Saints [[Tirunavukkarasar]], [[Manikkavacakar]], [[Sundarar]] and [[Sambandar]].<ref name=Siddhanta /><ref name=Saivite /><ref name=Meykandan /><ref name=Bergunder /><ref name="BrookSchmid">{{cite book|last1=Brook|first1=Timothy|last2=Schmid|first2=Andre|title=Nation Work: Asian Elites and National Identities|date=2000|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472087648|page=73|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ICE5FC_8nRAC&dq=Rev+Goodwill+Tamil&pg=PA73|accessdate=11 July 2022}}</ref> Research done by Fred Goodwill is quoted by works of later authors of Dravidian culture, Shaiva Siddhanta and Ancient Tamil literature, along with that of [[George Uglow Pope]].<ref name=Arulsamy>{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Religion for a New Society|date=2000|publisher=ISPCK|location=Delhi|isbn=9788172145941|page=62|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_2zXAAAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Dharmaram>{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Journal of Dharma, Volume 11|date=1986|publisher=Centre for the Study of World Religions, Dharmaram College|location=Bangalore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BOYnAAAAYAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="Arulsamy 2">{{cite book|last1=Arulsamy|first1=S|title=Saivism, a perspective of grace|date=1987|publisher=Sterling Publishers Private Limited|page=1|isbn=9788120707573|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K2QqAAAAYAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Raman>{{cite book|last1=Raman|first1=V V|title=The Siddhānta Dipikā and Āgamic Review or The Light of Truth: Volume 10|date=1994|publisher=Asian Educational Services|page=37}}</ref><ref name=TamilName>{{cite book|last1=Mutaliyār|first1=T Celvakkēcavarāya|title=சைவ சபை, பாளையங்கோட்டை, 25-வது ஆண்டு நிறைவுமகாசங்கப் பிரசங்கங்கள்|date=1912|publisher=ராமநிலைய விவேகானந்த முத்திராக்ஷரசாலை|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-MwAQAAMAAJ&q=goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Nallasami>{{cite book|last1=Balasubramaniam|first1=K M|title=The life of J. M. Nallaswami Pillai: the centenary memorial to a champion of Saiva siddhanta|date=1965|publisher=J. M. Somasundaram Pillai|page=i, 141|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TpIAAAAMAAJ&q=Goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Thekkedath>{{cite book|last1=Thekkedath|first1=Joseph|title=History of Christianity in India: pt. 2. Tamilnadu in the nineteenth and twentieth century|date=1990|publisher=Church History Association of India|page=144|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x0MKAQAAMAAJ&q=F.+Goodwill|accessdate=1 September 2022}}</ref> About the Tamil poetry and literature on Saiva Siddhanta he remarked "'Those who have studied the system unanimously agree that this eulogy is not a whit too enthusiastic or free worded. That the system is eclectic is at once apparent".<ref name=Pillai-Calcutta>{{cite journal|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=The Saiva Religion and Saiva Advaita Siddhanta Philosophy|journal=Convention of Religions, Calcutta|date=1909|url=http://www.shaivam.org/english/sen-sd-saiva-religion-and-saiva-advaita.htm|accessdate=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Thiru-MY>{{cite web|last1=Thiruvengadam|first1=Mu|title=The World Hails Tamil Religion|date=n.d.|url=http://www.geocities.ws/muthiru01/12.html|accessdate=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Proceedings>{{cite journal|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=The Saiva Religion|journal=Convention of Religions in India: Proceedings|date=1910|pages=439–440|url=http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Proceedings_1910_1000035231/439|accessdate=4 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904131846/http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Proceedings_1910_1000035231/439|archive-date=4 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Pillai-Madras>{{cite book|last1=Pillai|first1=J M Nallaswami|title=Studies in Saiva Siddhanta|date=1911|publisher=The Meykandan Press|location=Madras, British India|page=[https://archive.org/details/studiesinsaiva00pilluoft/page/n347 314]|url=https://archive.org/details/studiesinsaiva00pilluoft|accessdate=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Baskaran>{{cite book|last1=Baskaran|first1=V|title=Contribution of religion to the development of temples with special reference to Saivism: a study|date=2012|publisher=Shodh Ganga|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/5362/14/14_chapter%206.pdf|accessdate=9 September 2022}}</ref>


The [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills School]] still has a prize founded and named after Fred Goodwill<ref name=Prize>{{cite web|last1=Methodist Church|title=Consolidation and re-organisation of various funds|url=http://www.methodist.org.uk/downloads/coun-MC1084-consolidation-of-funds-011010.pdf|website=methodist.org.uk|accessdate=8 July 2014}}</ref> for the student with the highest marks in Tamil in Year 10. His name carries respect and honour at the Wesley Tamil Church at Haines Road, [[Fraser Town, Bangalore|Fraser Town]] Bangalore and at the Goodwills School.<ref name=Amazon />
The [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills School]] still has a prize founded and named after Fred Goodwill<ref name=Prize>{{cite web|last1=Methodist Church|title=Consolidation and re-organisation of various funds|url=http://www.methodist.org.uk/downloads/coun-MC1084-consolidation-of-funds-011010.pdf|website=methodist.org.uk|accessdate=8 July 2022}}</ref> for the student with the highest marks in Tamil in Year 10. His name carries respect and honour at the Wesley Tamil Church at Haines Road, [[Fraser Town, Bangalore|Fraser Town]] Bangalore and at the Goodwills School.<ref name=Amazon />


=== Leaving India ===
=== Leaving India ===
Line 82: Line 82:
On retirement, Fred and Alice lived at 32, Honor Avenue, Goldthorn Park, Wolverhampton.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/32+Honor+Ave,+Wolverhampton+WV4+5HH,+UK/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x48709baff41415d7:0x630cac3502a0579a?dg=dbrw&newdg=1|title=Google Maps}}</ref> Fred was a keen reader of books, and as he grew older he could no longer go to the library, and his daughter Bessie would bring the books for him. Fred also loved music and was an accomplished piano player. He listened to classical music and was also a good singer. He absolutely hated television. He continued to write articulate letters to friends and neighbours, which show his varied interests. Fred continued preaching even in his nineties and in one of his letters talks about a service he took at Darlington Street and further talks about Synod meeting, where he is the Precentor. He used to end his letters with ''Warmly yours. A 'Pilgrim'''. In another letter he is critical of the increasing violent robberies, young people not respecting the law and of young people's obsession with the [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. He talks about a TV show of the Beatles in presence of the [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Queen Mother]] and comments that their performance was 'below proof'.<ref name=JS-Share />
On retirement, Fred and Alice lived at 32, Honor Avenue, Goldthorn Park, Wolverhampton.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/32+Honor+Ave,+Wolverhampton+WV4+5HH,+UK/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x48709baff41415d7:0x630cac3502a0579a?dg=dbrw&newdg=1|title=Google Maps}}</ref> Fred was a keen reader of books, and as he grew older he could no longer go to the library, and his daughter Bessie would bring the books for him. Fred also loved music and was an accomplished piano player. He listened to classical music and was also a good singer. He absolutely hated television. He continued to write articulate letters to friends and neighbours, which show his varied interests. Fred continued preaching even in his nineties and in one of his letters talks about a service he took at Darlington Street and further talks about Synod meeting, where he is the Precentor. He used to end his letters with ''Warmly yours. A 'Pilgrim'''. In another letter he is critical of the increasing violent robberies, young people not respecting the law and of young people's obsession with the [[The Beatles|Beatles]]. He talks about a TV show of the Beatles in presence of the [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Queen Mother]] and comments that their performance was 'below proof'.<ref name=JS-Share />


His wife Alice died in 1955, and Fred had to engage a house keeper to look after the house. His son also named Fred became an Army Chaplin and then a Vicar, and sadly pre-deceased his father. His daughter Helen Margaret became a French teacher and his other daughter Bessie became a doctor. Even in his eighties, he would cycle to his daughter Bessie's house, six miles away in [[Codsall]] to trim the hedge, which was a tough job even for a young man. When he was 90 his house keeper retired, and Fred went on to live with his daughter Bessie and her husband John at their farm in [[Shropshire]]. He missed his independence, but kept himself busy walking around the farm. Fred Goodwill died in 1969, after breaking his arm in a fall.<ref name=JS-Share />
His wife Alice died in 1955, and Fred had to engage a house keeper to look after the house. His son also named Fred became an army chaplain and then a vicar, and pre-deceased his father. His daughter Helen Margaret became a French teacher and his other daughter Bessie became a doctor. Even in his eighties, he would cycle to his daughter Bessie's house, six miles away in [[Codsall]] to trim the hedge, which was a tough job even for a young man. When he was 90 his house keeper retired, and Fred went on to live with his daughter Bessie and her husband John at their farm in [[Shropshire]]. He missed his independence, but kept himself busy walking around the farm. Fred Goodwill died in 1969, after breaking his arm in a fall.<ref name=JS-Share />


== References ==
== References ==