Bhubaneswar: Difference between revisions

| name                           = Bhubaneswar

| other_name                     = Ekamra-Khetra

| settlement_type                 = Metropolis

| image_skyline                   = {{Photomontage

| photo1a                        = ORISSA SECRETARIAT.jpg

| photo2a                         =  Bbrailhq.jpg  

| photo2b                        = Lingaraj Temple in the evening.jpg

| photo3b                        = Khandagari and Udaygiri featured image.jpg  

| photo4a                         = Kalinga Stadium during ISL.jpg

| spacing                        = 1.6

| image_alt                       =  

| image_caption                   =  

| nicknames                       = Sports Capital of India <br /> Temple City of India <br /> Startup Hub of [[East India]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thestartupjournal.com/bhubaneswar-startup-hub/ |title=This is Why Bhubaneswar is the Next Emerging Startup Destination of India - the Startup Journal |access-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204151704/http://www.thestartupjournal.com/bhubaneswar-startup-hub/ |archive-date=4 December 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

| map_alt                         = Bhubaneswar, the Capital of Odisha

| map_caption                     = Bhubaneswar, Odisha

| pushpin_map                     = India Odisha#India#Asia

| pushpin_label_position         =  

| pushpin_map_alt                 =  

| pushpin_map_caption             = Map showing Bhubaneswar in Odisha

| coordinates                     = {{coord|20.27|N|85.84|E|region:IN-OR|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type               = Country

| subdivision_name               = {{flag|India}}

| subdivision_type1               = [[States of India|State]]

| subdivision_type2               = [[List of districts of Odisha|District]]

| subdivision_name1               = {{flagicon image|Orissa Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Odisha]]

| subdivision_name2               = [[Khordha district|Khordha]]

| established_title               =  

| established_date               = 1948

| founder                         =  

| named_for                       = [[Shiva]]

| government_type                 = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipal Corporation]]

| governing_body                 = [[Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation|Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation (BMC)]]

| leader_title                   = [[Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]]

| leader_name                     = [[Aparajita Sarangi]]

| leader_party                   = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]

| leader_title1                   = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Members of Legislative Assembly]]

| leader_name1                   = Bhubaneswar Central : Shri Ananta Narayan Jena, [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]

| leader_title2                   = [[Municipal commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]

| leader_name2                    = Shri Sanjay Kumar Singh, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]

| leader_title3                  = [[Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Police Commissionerate|Commissioner of Police]]

| leader_name3                    = Shri S.K. Priyadarshi, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]

| leader_title4                  = [[Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Police Commissionerate|Deputy Commissioner of Police]]

| leader_name4                    = Dr. Umashankar Dash, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]

| unit_pref                       = Metric

| area_footnotes                 = <ref name='Bhubaneswar City'>{{cite web|title=Bhubaneswar City|url=https://www.bmc.gov.in/about/profile}}</ref>

| area_total_km2                 = 186

| area_metro_km2                 = 1110

| area_metro_footnotes           = <ref name='Bhubaneswar Info'>{{cite web|title=Bhubaneswar Info|url=http://www.smartcitybhubaneswar.gov.in/know-bhubaneswar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bhubaneswar Development Area|url=https://www.orissalinks.com/orissagrowth/archives/4452}}</ref>

| area_rank                       =  

| elevation_footnotes             =  

| elevation_m                     = 58

<!-- Population, demographics -->| population_footnotes           = <ref name="census of Khorda" />

| population_total               = 837,321

| population_as_of               = 2011

| population_density_km2         = auto

| population_density_sq_mi       = 5,520.2

| population_blank1_footnotes     = <ref name='Bhubaneswar Info'/><ref name="UNcities2016" /><ref name="census of Khorda">{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-odisha.php?cityid=2141702000|title=BBSR (India): Union Territory, Major Agglomerations & Towns – Population Statistics in Maps and Charts|work=City Population|access-date=28 February 2019}}</ref>

| population_blank1_title         = [[Metropolitan area|Metro]]

| population_blank1               = 1,300,000 ([[List of metropolitan areas in India|60th]])

| population_demonym             = Bhubaneswarites<ref>

{{Cite web |url=https://smartcity.eletsonline.com/bhubaneswarites-seek-better-urban-mobility/ |title=Bhubaneswarites seek better urban mobility |date=15 October 2015 |access-date=21 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221134729/https://smartcity.eletsonline.com/bhubaneswarites-seek-better-urban-mobility/ |archive-date=21 December 2018 |url-status=live }}

Bhubaneswaria<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/amme-bhubaneswariya-goes-viral-on-net.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=6 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229172200/http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/amme-bhubaneswariya-goes-viral-on-net.html |archive-date=29 December 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

| demographics_type1             = Languages

| demographics1_title1           = Official

| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]

| utc_offset1                     = +5:30

| postal_code_type               = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]

| postal_code                     = 751xxx, 752xxx, 754xxx

| area_code                       = 0674, 06752

| area_code_type                 = Telephone code

| registration_plate             = OD-02 (South Bhubaneswar) <br /> OD-33 (North Bhubaneswar)

| blank_name_sec1                 = [[UN/LOCODE]]

| blank_info_sec1                 = IN BBI

| website                         = {{URL|http://www.bhubaneswar.me/|}} <br /> {{URL|https://www.smartcitybhubaneswar.gov.in/|}} <br /> {{URL|https://www.bmc.gov.in/|}}

| footnotes                       =  

| demographics1_info1             = [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Indian English|English]]

| official_name                   =  

'''Bhubaneswar''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ʊ|b|ə|ˈ|n|eɪ|ʃ|w|ər}}; {{IPA-or|ˈbʱubɔneswɔɾɔ|lang|Or-ଭୁବନେଶ୍ୱର.wav}}) is the capital and largest city of the [[States and territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Odisha]]. The region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as ''Ekamra Khetra'' (area (''kshetra'') adorned with mango trees (''ekamra'')).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-20|title=UNESCO World Heritage Centre - The Criteria for Selection|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020093453/http://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-10-20|access-date=2020-12-06}}</ref> Bhubaneswar is dubbed the "Temple City"<ref name="Ring Salkin Schellinger Boda 1994 p. 121">{{cite book | last1=Ring | first1=T. | last2=Salkin | first2=R.M. | last3=Schellinger | first3=P.E. | last4=Boda | first4=S.L. | last5=Watson | first5=N. | last6=Berney | first6=K.A. | last7=Hudson | first7=C. | last8=Hast | first8=A. | last9=Kulling | first9=P. | title=International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania | publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn | series=International Dictionary of Historic Places | year=1994 | isbn=978-1-884964-04-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JqHPpNaZfNwC&pg=PA121 | access-date=31 October 2019 | page=121}}</ref><ref name="D 2014 p. 38">{{cite book | last=D | first=S.C.B. | title=India the Land of Gods | publisher=Author Solutions| year=2014 | isbn=978-1-4828-3655-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hKQOBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 | access-date=31 October 2019 | page=38}}</ref>—a [[nickname]] earned because of the 700 [[temple]]s which once stood there. In contemporary times, it has emerged as an education hub<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2021-08-18|title=Bhubaneswar: Home to a bunch of reputed colleges and research institutes - The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/looking-east-rise-of-bhubaneswar-as-an-attractive-education-hub/articleshow/55913679.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818121851/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/looking-east-rise-of-bhubaneswar-as-an-attractive-education-hub/articleshow/55913679.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=2021-08-18|access-date=2021-08-18}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2021-08-18|title=India's emerging education hubs: A look at the best cities to study in - The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/indias-emerging-education-hubs-a-look-at-indias-best-cities-to-study-in/articleshow/55915163.cms?from=mdr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818122007/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/indias-emerging-education-hubs-a-look-at-indias-best-cities-to-study-in/articleshow/55915163.cms?from=mdr|url-status=dead|archive-date=2021-08-18|access-date=2021-08-18}}</ref> and an attractive business destination.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=2021-08-18|title=India's Startups Are Moving Into Smaller, Second Tier Cities -- Why The Sudden Shift?|website=[[Forbes]]|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/sindhujabalaji/2017/10/05/thanks-to-regional-rivalries-indias-startup-surge-is-spreading-across-the-country/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818122259/https://www.forbes.com/sites/sindhujabalaji/2017/10/05/thanks-to-regional-rivalries-indias-startup-surge-is-spreading-across-the-country/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2021-08-18|access-date=2021-08-18}}</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" />

Although the modern city of Bhubaneswar was formally established in 1948, the history of the areas in and around the present-day city can be traced to the 7th century BCE and earlier. It is a confluence of Hindu, [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] and [[Jainism|Jain]] heritage and includes several [[Kalinga architecture|Kalingan temples]], many of them from 6th-13th century CE. With [[Puri]] and [[Konark]] it forms the 'Swarna Tribhuja' ("Golden Triangle"), one of eastern India's most visited destinations.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Memory of a Stream: Gandhabati, Sacred Cultural Landscape of Ekamara Kshetra (Bhubaneswar)|last=Das|first=Piyush|publisher=Copal Publishing|year=2016|isbn=978-9383419401|location=New Delhi|pages=42}}</ref><ref name="R. P. Mohapatra, Page 47">[[Ramesh Prasad Mohapatra]], ''Archaeology in Orissa'', Vol I, Page 47, B. R. Publishing Corporation, Delhi, 1986, {{ISBN|81-7018-346-4}}</ref>

Bhubaneswar replaced [[Cuttack]] as the capital on 19 August 1949, 2 years after [[India]] gained its [[Partition of India|independence]] from Britain. The modern city was designed by the German architect [[Otto Königsberger]] in 1946. Along with [[Jamshedpur]] and [[Chandigarh]], it was one of modern India's first planned cities.<ref name="census of Khorda2">BBSR Metropolitan/City Population section of {{cite web|title=BBSR Population Sex Ratio in BBSR Literacy rate BBSR |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2117_PART_B_DCHB_KHORDHA.pdf|website=[[2011 Census of India]]}}</ref> Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are often referred to as the 'twin cities of Odisha'. The metropolitan area formed by the two cities had a population of 1.7 million in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.orissalinks.com/bigfiles/Draft%20Proposal_CDP%20BDPA-2008/Pre%20Content/Preface.pdf |title=Preface of the Comprehensive Development Plan for the Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Urban Complex |access-date=3 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207230753/http://www.orissalinks.com/bigfiles/Draft%20Proposal_CDP%20BDPA-2008/Pre%20Content/Preface.pdf |archive-date=7 February 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Recent data from the United Nations released in 2016 states that Bhubaneswar's metro area has a population of around a million people.<ref name="UNcities2016">{{cite web|title=The World's Cities in 2016|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf|publisher=[[United Nations]]|access-date=19 December 2019|page=4|date=October 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112211410/http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf|archive-date=12 January 2017}}</ref> Bhubaneswar is categorised as a [[Classification of Indian cities|Tier-2]] city. Bhubaneswar and Rourkela are the only cities in smart city mission from Odisha.

In the 7th century, [[Somavaṃśī dynasty|Somavamshi]] or Keshari dynasty established their kingdom in the area, and constructed a number of temples. After the Kesharis, the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty|Eastern Gangas]] ruled Kalinga area until the 14th century CE. Their capital Kalinganagara was located in present-day Bhubaneswar City. After them, Mukunda Deva of the Bhoi dynasty – the last Hindu ruler of the area until the Marathas – developed several religious buildings in the area.<ref name="Nab_Ramesh_2005"/> Most of the older temples in Bhubaneswar were built between 8th and 12th centuries, under [[Shaivism|Shaiva]] influence. The [[Ananta Vasudeva Temple]] is the only old temple of [[Vishnu]] in the city.<ref>''Bengal District Gazetteer: Puri''. P.242. L.S.S. O'Malley</ref> In 1568, the [[Karrani dynasty]] of Afghan origin gained control of the area. During their reign, most of the temples and other structures were destroyed or disfigured.<ref name="Nab_Ramesh_2005"/>

The old town or "Temple Town", the oldest part of the city, is characterised by many temples, including the [[Lingaraja temple|Lingaraja]], [[Rajarani Temple|Rajarani]] and [[Muktesvara deula|Muktesvara temples]], standing alongside residential areas. This area is congested, with narrow roads and poor infrastructure.<ref name=citystructure/> Among neighbourhoods in the old town are Rajarani Colony, Pandaba Nagar, Brahmeswara Bagh, Lingaraja Nagar, Gouri Nagar, Bhimatangi and Kapileswara.

The added areas are mostly areas lying north of National Highway 5, including Nayapalli, Jayadev Vihar, [[Chandrasekharpur]] and [[Chandrasekharpur#Sailashree Vihar|Sailashree Vihar]], [[#Niladri vihar]] which were developed by Bhubaneswar Development Authority to house the growing population.<ref name=citystructure/> With the development of the new areas such as Chandrasekharpur the city is now divided roughly into North(newer areas) and South Bhubaneswar (older areas) by the NH-5 highway.

The peripheral areas are outside the municipal boundary or have subsequently been included within the extended boundary, including Tomando, Patia and Raghunathpur. Most of these areas were developed in a haphazard manner, without proper planning.<ref>{{cite news|last=Praharaj|first=Maharani|title=Urban sprawl: Its impact on peri-urban areas of Bhubaneswar|url=http://dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/98402-urban-sprawl-its-impact-on-peri-urban-areas-of-bhubaneswar.html|access-date=22 December 2012|newspaper=The Pioneer|date=30 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703212324/http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/98402-urban-sprawl-its-impact-on-peri-urban-areas-of-bhubaneswar.html|archive-date=3 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The Master Planning Branch of the [[Bhubaneswar Development Authority]] developed the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) in 2010.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=:: Bhubaneswar Development Authority|url=https://www.bda.gov.in/bda/departments/planning-department|access-date=2020-11-06|website=www.bda.gov.in}}</ref> According to the Odisha Development Authorities Act, 1982, the Development Authority has control over the planning for municipal areas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Odisha Development Authorities Act, 1982|url=http://lawodisha.gov.in/files/acts/act_604522165_1443019617.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=Law Department, Government of Odisha}}</ref> Apart from the CDP, BDA has also created Zonal Development Plans for some of the areas under the CDP.<ref name=":3" /> Bhubaneswar secured the top rank in the [[Smart city]] list in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Bhubaneswar ranked country's smartest city|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/Bhubaneswar-ranked-countrys-smartest-city/articleshow/50766312.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206163635/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/Bhubaneswar-ranked-countrys-smartest-city/articleshow/50766312.cms|archive-date=6 February 2016|access-date=11 March 2016|work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Wray|first=Sarah|title=Smart City Bhubaneswar: A Citizen-Centered Approach for Smart Growth|url=https://hub.beesmart.city/city-portraits/smart-city-portrait-bhubaneswar-india|access-date=2021-01-03|website=hub.beesmart.city|language=en}}</ref>  

</ref> Summers (March to June) are hot and humid, with temperatures in the low 30s C; during dry spells, maximum temperatures often exceed {{Convert|40|C|F|abbr=on|0}} in May and June.<ref name=weatherbase/> Winter lasts for only about ten weeks, with seasonal lows dipping to {{Convert|15|–|18|C|F|abbr=on|0}} in December and January. May is the hottest month, when daily temperatures range from {{Convert|32|–|42|C|F|abbr=on|0}}. January, the coldest month, has temperatures varying from {{convert|15|–|28|C|F|abbr=on|0}}. The highest recorded temperature is {{Convert|46.7|C|F|abbr=on|1}}, and the lowest is {{Convert|8.2|C|F|abbr=on|0}}.<ref name=IMDextremes/>

| Mar record high C = 42.0

| Apr record high C = 45.0

| year rain mm = 1638.0

|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>

|date= May 2012}}

As of 2001, around 2.15% of the city's workforce was employed in the [[Primary sector of the economy|primary sector]] (agriculture, forestry, mining, etc.); 2.18% worked in the [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] (industrial and manufacturing); and 95.67% worked in the [[Tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sector]] (service industries).<ref name=cdpbbsr/>

In 2011, according to a study by [[Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India]], Bhubaneswar had the highest rate of employment growth among 17 Tier-2 cities in India.<ref>{{cite news|last=Patnaik|first=Nageshwar|title=Bhubaneswar amongst top Tier II cities in job creation: ASSOCHAM|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-04-18/news/29443740_1_tier-iii-cities-employment-generation|access-date=21 February 2013|newspaper=Economic Times|date=18 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617020108/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-04-18/news/29443740_1_tier-iii-cities-employment-generation|archive-date=17 June 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> It has been listed among the top ten emerging cities in India by [[Cushman and Wakefield]], taking into consideration factors like demographics, physical, social and real estate infrastructure, current level and scope of economic activities and government support.<ref name=":7">{{cite news|title=Bhubaneswar on top 10 city list|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-11-17/bhubaneswar/35171862_1_twin-city-jatni-bhubaneswar-and-cuttack|access-date=17 November 2012|date=17 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706234446/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-11-17/bhubaneswar/35171862_1_twin-city-jatni-bhubaneswar-and-cuttack|archive-date=6 July 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2012, Bhubaneswar was ranked third among Indian cities, in starting and operating a business by the [[World Bank]].<ref name=":8">{{cite news|title=WB ranks Bhubaneswar as third best for business|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/104676-wb-ranks-bhubaneswar-as-third-best-for-business.html|access-date=22 December 2012|newspaper=The Pioneer|date=27 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030021036/http://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/bhubaneswar/104676-wb-ranks-bhubaneswar-as-third-best-for-business.html|archive-date=30 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

Bhubaneswar has been traditionally home to handicrafts industry, including silver filigree work, [[Appliqué|appliqué work]], stone and wood carvings and [[Pattachitra|patta painting]], which significantly contributes to the city's economy.<ref name=cdpbbsr/> The late 2000s saw a surge of investments in the real estate, infrastructure, retail and hospitality sectors; several shopping malls and organised retails opened outlets in Bhubaneswar.<ref>{{cite news|title=50 cities seen as hub of retail space boom|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/50-cities-seen-as-hub-of-retail-space-boom/203077/0|access-date=24 December 2012|newspaper=Indian Express|date=28 June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208162333/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/50-cities-seen-as-hub-of-retail-space-boom/203077/0|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Dutta|first=Rita|title=Bhubaneswar: Boomtown for Healthcare|url=http://www.expresshealthcare.in/201005/market01.shtml|access-date=24 December 2012|newspaper=Express Healthcare|date=May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121219124327/http://www.expresshealthcare.in/201005/market01.shtml|archive-date=19 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bhubaneswar: the 2nd best retail destination in the East?|url=http://www.indiaretailing.com/news.aspx?Id=3967|publisher=India Retailing|access-date=24 December 2012|date=8 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126084604/http://www.indiaretailing.com/news.aspx?Id=3967|archive-date=26 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Real(i)ty Next: Beyond the top 10 cities|url=http://crisil.com/research/reality-next.html|publisher=CRISIL|access-date=24 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730004135/http://crisil.com/research/reality-next.html|archive-date=30 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Department of Industries established four industrial areas in and around Bhubaneswar, in the Rasulgarh, Mancheswar, Chandaka, and Bhagabanpur areas.<ref name=cdpbbsr/> In the [[informal sector]], 22,000 vendors operate in regulated or unregulated vending zones.<ref>{{cite news|title=Civic body to survey street vendors in Bhubaneswa|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-20/bhubaneswar/32763341_1_street-vendors-bhubaneswar-municipal-corporation-vishal-kumar-dev|access-date=27 December 2012|date=20 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617003706/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-20/bhubaneswar/32763341_1_street-vendors-bhubaneswar-municipal-corporation-vishal-kumar-dev|archive-date=17 June 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Kumar|first=Randhir|title=The Regularization of Street Vending in Bhubaneshwar, India: A Policy Model|url=http://wiego.org/sites/wiego.org/files/publications/files/Kumar_WIEGO_PB7.pdf|work=WIEGO Policy Brief (Urban Policies) No 7|publisher=Women in Informal Employment Globalizing and Organizing|access-date=27 December 2012|date=June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413021336/http://wiego.org/sites/wiego.org/files/publications/files/Kumar_WIEGO_PB7.pdf|archive-date=13 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The main language spoken in the city is [[Odia language|Odia]]. However, [[English language|English]] and [[Hindi]] are understood by most residents. Although [[Odia people|Odias]] comprise the vast majority, migrants from other states like [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Bihar]], [[West Bengal]] and [[Jharkhand]] also dwell in the city. Growth in the information technology industry and education sector in Bhubaneswar changed the city's demographic profile; likely infrastructure strains and haphazard growth from demographic changes have been a cause of concern.

Bhubaneswar is a very religiously diverse city. [[Hinduism|Hindus]] form the majority in the city with more than 95% of the total population, as of [[2011 Census of India]]. [[Muslims]] forms the second largest minority with 3.3% and [[Christians]] with 0.92%. There is also a significant minority population of [[Sikhs]], [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] and [[Jainism|Jains]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhubaneswar City Population 2021 - Sex Ratio, Population Density, Literacy|url=https://www.indiacensus.net/city/bhubaneswar|access-date=2021-09-02|website=www.indiacensus.net|language=en-US}}</ref>

[[File:Krushi Bhavan Bhubaneswar.jpg|thumb|left|Krushi Bhavan building in Bhubaneswar.]]The [[Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation]] (BMC) oversees and manages civic infrastructure for the city's 67 [[Ward (politics)|wards]].<ref name=profile>{{cite web|title=BMC Profile|url=http://bmc.gov.in/BMCProfile.aspx|publisher=BMC|access-date=6 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503155431/http://bmc.gov.in/BMCProfile.aspx|archive-date=3 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> It started as a Notified Area Committee in 1946 and was upgraded to a municipal corporation in 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-01-02|title=Welcome to Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation|url=http://bmc.gov.in/Municipality.asp?lnk=1&PL=2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102050542/http://bmc.gov.in/Municipality.asp?lnk=1&PL=2|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-01-02|access-date=2020-11-06}}</ref> Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003 is the governing act.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Orissa Municipal Corporation Act, 2003|url=http://lawodisha.gov.in/files/acts/act_1293905042_1443280135.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=Law Department, Government of Odisha}}</ref> Residents of each ward elect a corporator to the BMC for a five-year term. Standing committees handle urban planning and maintain roads, government-aided schools, hospitals and municipal markets.<ref>{{cite web|title=Standing Committees |url=http://bmc.gov.in/StandingCommittee.asp?lnk=1&PL=6 |publisher=BMC |access-date=20 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531010336/http://bmc.gov.in/StandingCommittee.asp?lnk=1&PL=6 |archive-date=31 May 2014 }}</ref>

As Bhubaneswar's apex body, the corporation discharges its functions through the mayor-in-council, which comprises a mayor, a deputy mayor and other elected members. The executive wing is headed by a Commissioner. There are 13 administrative departments under BMC: PR & Communication, Disaster Management, Finance, Health & Sanitation, Engineering, Revenue & Tax, Electrical, Environment, Social Welfare, IT and Social Projects, Establishment, Land & Assets, Enforcement & Recovery.<ref>{{Cite web|title=:: Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation|url=https://www.bmc.gov.in/about/profile|access-date=2020-11-06|website=www.bmc.gov.in}}</ref> The responsibilities of the municipal body include drainage and sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management and street lighting.<ref name="cdpbbsr" />

The tenure of the last elected body ended in January 2019 and new elections have not taken place yet, because the High Court struck down the delimitation process that was carried out for exceeding 50% reservations of seats.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-16|title=Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation tenure ends today; govt may appoint administrator|url=https://odishatv.in/odisha-news/bhubaneswar-municipal-corporation-tenure-ends-today-govt-may-appoint-administrator-347472|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Latest Odisha News, Breaking News Today {{!}} Top Updates on Corona - OTV English|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=All eyes on Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation Mayor election|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bhubaneswar/2019/jun/16/all-eyes-on-bhubaneswar-municipal-corporation-mayor-election-1990826.html|access-date=2020-11-06|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> Ward committees have been formed in Bhubaneswar and are very active.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Urban Governance Study: Odisha|url=https://praja.org/praja_docs/praja_downloads/Urban%20Governance%20Report%20on%20Odisha.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=Praja Foundation}}</ref> The Committees are responsible for issues such as public health, sanitation, street lighting and conservancy in their respective wards. There is no fixed number of members in the committees.

The processes for the municipal budget 2020-21 was initiated in February 2020, but it is unclear if they have continued after the lockdown was accounced.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-26|title=In a first, BMC Budget likely to touch Rs 700 crore - OrissaPOST|url=https://www.orissapost.com/in-a-first-bmc-budget-likely-to-touch-rs-700-crore/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Odisha News, Odisha Latest news, Odisha Daily - OrissaPOST|language=en-US}}</ref> The budget for 2020-21 was supposed to be aroound Rs. 700, an increase of 51.8% from the 2019-20 budget. The increase was supposedly to fund the various socio-economic welfare schemes in the city. The key revenue sources for BMC are: Holding Taxes, tax from advertisements, rent from municipal properties such as markets, shopping complexes, and kalyan mandaps (marriage halls), fees and user charges, and grants from state and central governments.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Budget for Year: 2019-20|url=https://cms.bhubaneswarone.in/uploadDocuments/content/Budget_2019-20.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation}}</ref>

Citizens of Bhubaneswar elect [[Bhubaneswar (Lok Sabha constituency)|one representative]] to India's lower house, the [[Lok Sabha]], and three representatives to the state legislative assembly, through the constituencies of [[Bhubaneswar North (Vidhan Sabha Constituency)|Bhubaneswar North]], [[Ekamra-Bhubaneswar]], and [[Bhubaneswar Central (Vidhan Sabha Constituency)|Bhubaneswar Central]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Maps of Newly Delimited Assembly Constituencies|url=http://ceoorissa.nic.in/acmap.html|publisher=State Election Commission, Government of Odisha|access-date=14 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125142200/http://ceoorissa.nic.in/acmap.html|archive-date=25 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Satapathy|first=Rajaram|title=Urban voters stay away from polls|url=http://mobiletoi.timesofindia.com/mobile.aspx?article=yes&pageid=7&sectid=edid=&edlabel=TOIJ&mydateHid=03-05-2009&pubname=Times+of+India+-+Jaipur&edname=&articleid=Ar00701&publabel=TOI|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030161654/http://mobiletoi.timesofindia.com/mobile.aspx?article=yes&pageid=7&sectid=edid=&edlabel=TOIJ&mydateHid=03-05-2009&pubname=Times+of+India+-+Jaipur&edname=&articleid=Ar00701&publabel=TOI|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 October 2014|access-date=14 December 2012|newspaper=Times of India}}</ref> The [[2019 Indian general election|last Lok Sabha election]] was in 2019, when [[Aparajita Sarangi]] from [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] won the seat.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhubaneswar Lok Sabha Election Results 2019 Live: Bhubaneswar Constituency Election Results, News, Candidates, Vote Paercentage|url=https://www.news18.com/lok-sabha-elections-2019/odisha/bhubaneswar-election-result-s18p18/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=News18}}</ref> The last state assembly election took place in 2019 as well, when all three [[Odisha Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] seats in Bhubaneswar were won by [[Biju Janata Dal]]: Susant Kumar Rout from North, Ashok Chandra Panda from Ekamra, and Ananta Narayan Jena from Central.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Live Results: Bhubaneswar North (Uttar) Assemlby Constituency (Odisha)|url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2019/odisha-bhubaneswar-north-(uttar)-results-s18a113/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ekamra-Bhubaneswar Assembly Election Results 2019 Live: Ekamra-Bhubaneswar Constituency (Seat) Election Results, Live News.|url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2019/odisha/ekamra-bhubaneswar-election-result-s18a114/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhubaneswar Central (Madhya) Assembly Election Results 2019 Live: Bhubaneswar Central (Madhya) Constituency (Seat) Election Results, Live News.|url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2019/odisha/bhubaneswar-central-(madhya)-election-result-s18a112/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=News18}}</ref>

Electricity is supplied by the state-operated [[Central Electricity Supply Utility of Odisha]].<ref name="disaster"/>  [[Tata Power|TATA Power]] as a private entity started Power distribution in the city by the end of 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 5, 2020|title=After Cesu, Tata Power to take over two more discoms in Odisha|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/after-cesu-tata-power-to-take-over-2-more-discoms-in-odisha/articleshow/79578998.cms|access-date=2021-06-13|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> Fire services are handled by the state agency [[Odisha Fire Service]]. Drinking water is sourced from the Mahanadi, Kuakhai and Daya rivers. [[Water supply]] and [[sewerage]] are handled by the [[Public Health Engineering Organisation]].<ref name=cdpbbsr/> As of 2015, 35% of the city was covered by piped water connections, 1.4% of the households had metered water connection, and the extent of non-revenue water in the city ran to 62.5%.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Service Level Improvement Plan: Bhubaneswar|url=http://www.urbanodisha.gov.in/Admin/Upload_Files/AMRUT/SLIPs/Bhubaneswar.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=Department of Housing & Urban Development, Government of Odisha}}</ref> The Engineering Department of BMC creates and maintains roads.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Engineering|url=https://www.bmc.gov.in/departments/engineering|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation}}</ref>

 

The municipal corporation is responsible for the solid waste management in the city. The average municipal waste generated in the city is 480&nbsp;kg/m3 for wet waste and 600&nbsp;kg/m3 for wet waste.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last1=Mohanta|first1=Arun Kumar|last2=Sahoo|first2=CR|last3=Sethi|first3=KC|title=Municipal solid waste management in Bhubaneswar: Current practices, challenges and prospects|url=http://www.newengineeringjournal.com/download/100/3-2-27-195.pdf|access-date=6 November 2020|website=New Engineering Journal}}</ref> Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation BMC has introduced door to door collection through battery operated garbage collection vehicle.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-30|title=BMC's Battery-Operated Vehicles To Collect Garbage From Doorstep In Bhubaneswar|url=https://odishabytes.com/bmcs-battery-operated-vehicles-to-collect-garbage-from-doorstep-in-bhubaneswar/|access-date=2020-11-06|website=ODISHA BYTES|language=en-US}}</ref> It is trying to introduce segregation at source by providing two waste bins to every household, one each for dry and wet waste.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-12|title=Door-To-Door Garbage Collection By BMC & CMC Very Soon {{!}}|url=https://ommcomnews.com/odisha-news/door-to-door-garbage-collection-by-bmc-cmc-very-soon|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Ommcom News|language=en-US}}</ref> Landfilling is the most common method of waste disposal in Bhubaneswar.<ref name=":2" /> State-owned [[Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited]], or [[Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited|BSNL]], as well as private enterprises, among them [[Reliance Jio]], [[Vodafone]], [[Bharti Airtel]], [[Reliance Communications|Reliance]], [[Idea Cellular]], [[Aircel]] and [[Tata DoCoMo]], are the leading telephone, cell phone and [[internet service provider]]s in the city.<ref name="trai ar 11 wire">{{cite web|title=Annual report 2010–11|url=http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/Documents/AnuualReports/ar_10_11.pdf|publisher=Telecom Regulatory Authority of India|access-date=13 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526230024/http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/Documents/AnuualReports/ar_10_11.pdf|archive-date=26 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Indian telecom services performance indicators October&nbsp;– December 2011|url=http://trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/PIRReport/Documents/Indicator%20Report-dec-2011.pdf|publisher=Telecom Regulatory Authority of India|access-date=25 June 2012|pages=122–126|date=13 April 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526133859/http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/PIRReport/Documents/Indicator%20Report-dec-2011.pdf|archive-date=26 May 2012}}</ref>

* [[International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar]] (IIIT-BH)

* [[Odisha State Open University]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bjbcollege.in|title=Odisha State Open University, Bhubaneswar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104072921/http://www.bjbcollege.in/|archive-date=4 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[Regional College of Management]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rcm.ac.in/|title=MBA College in Bhubaneswar {{!}} PGDM College in Bhubaneswar|website=Regional College of Management|language=en-GB|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref>

* [[Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar]](XIM) university

*The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India-Bhuneshwar Branch of EIRC<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhubaneswar ICAI – Bhubaneswar Branch of EIRC|url=https://www.bhubaneswar-icai.org/|access-date=2022-01-08|language=en-US}}</ref>

Around 400 cycle stands have been set up across the city. Around 2,000 bicycles have been ordered from three companies - Hexi, Yaana and Yulu. Hexi (from Hero Cycles) will provide 1,000 bicycles and Yaana and Yulu will provide 500 each. The availability of rentals Bicycles are accessed by the Dedicated mobile app - "mo app".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhubaneswar launches bicycle sharing|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/bhubaneswar-launches-bicycle-sharing-with-app-and-a-monthly-subscription/cid/1676624|access-date=2021-06-13|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref>

===Rail===

A satellite station [[New Bhubaneswar railway station]] is opened near Barang in July 2018 to decongest the existing installation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/bhubaneswar-new-station-opened-for-public/articleshow/64894934.cms |title=Archived copy |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=18 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223220707/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/bhubaneswar-new-station-opened-for-public/articleshow/64894934.cms |archive-date=23 December 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

===Air===

[[Biju Patnaik Airport|Biju Patnaik International Airport]] ([[International Air Transport Association airport code|IATA]]:&nbsp;'''BBI''',&nbsp;[[International Civil Aviation Organization airport code|ICAO]]:&nbsp;'''VEBS''') also known as Bhubaneswar Airport, {{convert|3|km|mi}} south of the city centre, is the major and sole international airport in Odisha. There are daily domestic flights from Bhubaneswar to [[Delhi]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Mumbai]], [[Kolkata]], [[Vishakhapatnam]], [[Chennai]] and [[Bangalore]]. There are international flights from Bhubaneswar to [[Bangkok]] and [[Kuala Lumpur]] thrice a week. The major carriers from Bhubaneswar are [[IndiGo|Indigo]], [[Vistara]], [[GoAir]], [[AirAsia Berhad]], [[AirAsia India]] and [[Air India]]. In March 2013, a new domestic terminal with a capacity of handling 30 million passengers per year was inaugurated to handle increased air traffic.<ref>{{cite news|last=Singha|first=Minati|title=International airport to take off by June|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-05/bhubaneswar/37468355_1_aai-sources-airports-authority-biju-patnaik-airport|access-date=5 March 2013|date=5 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011133555/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-05/bhubaneswar/37468355_1_aai-sources-airports-authority-biju-patnaik-airport|archive-date=11 October 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 10 July 2015, the first international flight took off from terminal 2 of [[Biju Patnaik International Airport]].

Famous temples include [[Lingaraja Temple]], [[Muktesvara deula|Muktesvara Temple]], [[Rajarani Temple]], [[Ananta Vasudeva Temple]].<ref>[[Ramesh Prasad Mohapatra]], ''Archaeology in Orissa'', Vol I, Page 47-84, B. R. Publishing Corporation, Delhi, 1986, {{ISBN|81-7018-346-4}}</ref>

url=https://kalingatv.com/amp/state/city-carnival-dot-fest-to-kick-start-at-bhubaneswar-today/|accessdate=1 December 2018}</ref> and Khandagiri Utsav.<ref>{{cite news|title=Book fair begins in Bhubaneswar|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-11/bhubaneswar/28540898_1_publishers-and-book-sellers-eminent-writers-cultural-groups|access-date=4 January 2013|date=11 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617010947/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-11/bhubaneswar/28540898_1_publishers-and-book-sellers-eminent-writers-cultural-groups|archive-date=17 June 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nine-day Khandagiri 'kumbh mela' to begin on February 13|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/06/stories/2008020657560300.htm|access-date=4 January 2013|date=6 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080412072100/http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/06/stories/2008020657560300.htm|archive-date=12 April 2008|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> Two international literary festivals are held in the city, [[Kalinga Literary Festival]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.orissapost.com/three-day-kalinga-literary-festival-kicks-off/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216161949/http://www.orissapost.com/three-day-kalinga-literary-festival-kicks-off/ |archive-date=16 February 2019 |url-status=live  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/odisha/amish-talks-about-rich-kalinga-legacy/cid/1416368 |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216153616/https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/odisha/amish-talks-about-rich-kalinga-legacy/cid/1416368 |archive-date=16 February 2019 |url-status=live  }}</ref> and [[Mystic Kalinga Festival]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.orissapost.com/mystic-kalinga-festival-kicks-off/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205034050/http://www.orissapost.com/mystic-kalinga-festival-kicks-off/ |archive-date=5 February 2019 |url-status=live  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindu.com/society/when-i-found-myself-crying/article25961189.ece| title = When I found myself crying at Mystic Kalinga - The Hindu}} </ref> In modern times Bhubaneswar hosts a literary festival, the Odisha Literary Fest.<ref>{{cite news|title=Odisha Literary Fest|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/books/2016/oct/22/odisha-literary-fest-1530722.html|access-date=15 April 2017|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=4 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416044702/http://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/books/2016/oct/22/odisha-literary-fest-1530722.html|archive-date=16 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

Bhubaneswar is emerging as the new sports capital of India, as the FIH and the IOA president, Narindar Batra, recently stated in a ceremony, while unveiling the new logo for the Indian hockey team jersey, which is sponsored by the government of Odisha. The state, Batra mentioned, provides equal importance and opportunity for all sports such as cricket, football, field hockey, tennis, badminton, chess and many more.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://discoverbbsr.com/bhubaneswar-sports-capital-india/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=25 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226211559/https://discoverbbsr.com/bhubaneswar-sports-capital-india/ |archive-date=26 February 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

The city's widely circulated Odia-language newspapers are ''[[Sambad]]'', ''[[Dharitri (newspaper)|Dharitri]]'', ''[[Pragativadi|Pragatibadi]]'', ''[[Samaja]]'', ''Khabara'', ''Orissa Bhaskara'', ''[[Prameya]]'' and ''[[Samaya]]''.<ref name=newspaper>{{cite web|title=Areawise analysis for the period July/December 2007 to January&nbsp;– June 2010 |url=http://www.auditbureau.org/abctrends123.xls |publisher=Audit Bureau of Circulations |format=XLS |access-date=22 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206062114/http://www.auditbureau.org/abctrends123.xls |archive-date=6 February 2012 }}</ref> ''Orissa Post'' and ''Odia Age'' are the English-language newspaper that is produced and published from Bhubaneswar. Other popular English-language newspapers published and sold in Bhubaneswar include ''[[The Times of India]]'', ''[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]'', ''[[Hindustan Times]]'', ''[[The Hindu]]'', ''[[The Indian Express]]'' and the ''[[Asian Age]]''.<ref name=newspaper/> Bhubaneswar has substantial circulation of financial dailies, including ''[[The Economic Times]]'', ''[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]'', ''[[Business Line]]'' and ''[[Business Standard]]''.<ref name="newspaper" /> Vernacular newspapers, such as those in the [[Hindi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] languages are read by minorities.<ref name=newspaper/> Major periodicals based in Bhubaneswar include [[Saptahik Samaya|''Saptahika Samaya'']], ''Saptahika Samaja'' and ''[[Kadambini]]''.

[[All India Radio]], the national state-owned radio broadcaster, airs several [[AM broadcasting|AM]] channels from the radio station located in Cuttack.<ref name=air>{{cite web|title=Cuttack Radio station |url=http://allindiaradio.gov.in/Station/CUTTACK/ |publisher=All India Radio |access-date=23 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119095153/http://allindiaradio.gov.in/Station/CUTTACK/ |archive-date=19 January 2013 }}</ref> Bhubaneswar has [[List of FM radio stations in India|five local radio stations]] broadcasting on [[frequency modulation|FM]], including two from [[All India Radio|AIR]].<ref name=air/><ref>{{cite web|title=List of operational private FM channels in India|url=http://www.mib.nic.in/writereaddata/html_en_files/fm/operationalised_fmchannels.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|access-date=23 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120105950/http://www.mib.nic.in/writereaddata/html_en_files/fm/operationalised_fmchannels.pdf|archive-date=20 November 2012}}</ref> India's state-owned television broadcaster [[DD Odia|Doordarshan Odia]] provides two free-to-air terrestrial channels,<ref>{{cite web|title=Doordarshan|url=http://mib.nic.in/ShowContent.aspx?uid1=2&uid2=94&uid3=0&uid4=0&uid5=0&uid6=0&uid7=0|publisher=Ministry of Broadcasting, Government of India|access-date=24 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117071129/http://mib.nic.in/ShowContent.aspx?uid1=2&uid2=94&uid3=0&uid4=0&uid5=0&uid6=0&uid7=0|archive-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> while a mix of [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]] and other regional channels are accessible via [[Cable television|cable subscription]] and [[Direct-broadcast satellite|direct-broadcast satellite services]]. Some of the [[Odia language]] television channels are [[Colors Odia]], [[Sarthak TV]] and [[Tarang TV]]. [[List of Oriya-language television channels#News & Current affairs|Odia-language 24-hour television news channels]] include [[News 7]], [[Odisha TV]], [[Kanak TV]], [[ETV News Odia]], [[MBC TV (India)|MBC TV]] and [[Naxatra News]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Consolidated list of channels allowed to be carried by dable operators/ multi system operators/ DTH licensees in India|url=http://mib.nic.in/writereaddata/html_en_files/tvchannels/channellist.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India|access-date=24 January 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905131430/http://mib.nic.in/writereaddata/html_en_files/tvchannels/channellist.pdf|archive-date=5 September 2012}}</ref>

*{{Flagicon|South Africa}} [[Bloemfontein]], [[South Africa]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-14|title=Odisha capital to be linked with South African city {{!}} Sambad English|url=https://sambadenglish.com/odisha-capital-to-be-linked-with-south-african-city/|access-date=2021-05-14|language=en-US}}</ref>

* [[Nandankanan Zoological Park]]

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