6
edits
m
robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)
->JJMC89 bot III |
m (robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Distinguish|text=[[Vijaya Stambha]] (similar structure, also located at Chittorgarh)}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}} | ||
{{ | |||
[[File:Kirti | {{Infobox religious building | ||
'''Kirti Stambha''' is a 12th-century tower situated at [[Chittor Fort]] in [[Chittorgarh]] town of [[Rajasthan, India]]. | | religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]] | ||
| sect = [[Digambara]] | |||
| image = File:Kirti Stambha (Tower of Fame) (4571936260).jpg | |||
| caption = Kirti Stambha | |||
| map_type = India Rajasthan | |||
| map_caption = Location within Rajasthan | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|24|53|32|N|74|39|0|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}} | |||
| location = [[Chittor Fort]], [[Chittorgarh]], [[Rajasthan]] | |||
| deity = [[Rishabhanatha]] | |||
| festivals = [[Mahavir Janma Kalyanak]] | |||
| creator = Jeeja Bhagerwala | |||
| architecture_style = [[Māru-Gurjara architecture]] | |||
| architecture_type = Tower | |||
| established = 12th century CE | |||
}} | |||
'''Kirti Stambha''' is a 12th-century tower situated at [[Chittor Fort]] in [[Chittorgarh]] town of [[Rajasthan, India]]. | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
Chittor has a history going back several centuries. It was an ancient centre of Jain tradition. Chittor is adjacent to the ancient city of [[Nagari, Rajasthan|Madhyamika]]. The Jain inscriptions at [[Mathura]] from the [[Kushana]] period (1st to 3rd centuries) mention a "Majjhimilla" branch of the "Kottiya" gana, indicating that it was a major Jain centre. The famous Acharya [[Haribhadra]] Suri (6th century) was born in Chittor and wrote "Dhurtopakhyana" there. | [[File:A Jaina tower at Chittor.jpg|An 1847 drawing of the Kirti Stambha|thumb|left]] | ||
Chittor has a history going back several centuries. It was an ancient centre of Jain tradition. Chittor is adjacent to the ancient city of [[Nagari, Rajasthan|Madhyamika]]. The Jain inscriptions at [[Mathura]] from the [[Kushana]] period (1st to 3rd centuries) mention a "Majjhimilla" branch of the "Kottiya" gana, indicating that it was a major Jain centre. The famous Acharya [[Haribhadra]] Suri (6th century) was born in Chittor and wrote "Dhurtopakhyana" there.{{sfn|Vashistha|Vashistha|1995|p=10}} | |||
There was a scholar Elacharya at Chittor from whom Vira-senacharya (9th century) learned the ancient Shat-khandagama and Kashayapahuda. | There was a scholar Elacharya at Chittor from whom Vira-senacharya (9th century) learned the ancient Shat-khandagama and Kashayapahuda.{{sfn|Bareth|2017}} [[Virasena]] later wrote the famous "[[Dhavala]]" and "Jayadhavala" on the basis of these books. | ||
It was the residence of Jinavallabha who propagated the Vidhimarga in the 12th century. From the 15th to 17th centuries, it was the seat of a [[Bhattaraka]]. | The {{convert|22|m|ft}} tower was built by a [[Jain]] merchant Jeeja Bhagerwala during the reign of Rawal Kumar Singh in {{circa|1179–1191}} CE.{{sfn|Bareth|2017}}{{sfn|Urban Postal}}{{sfn|Mehta|1970|p=169}}{{sfn|Rajashtan Tourism|Chittorgarh}} It was the residence of Jinavallabha who propagated the Vidhimarga in the 12th century. From the 15th to 17th centuries, it was the seat of a [[Bhattaraka]].{{sfn|Singh|Mishra|2005|p=116}} | ||
Three inscriptions have been found that mention Jija of [[Bagherwal]] community as the builder of the stambha.<ref>Jain Shilalekh Samgrah, Part 5, Vidyadhar Johrapurkar, Bharatiya Jnanapith, 1971 | Three inscriptions have been found that mention Jija of [[Bagherwal]] community as the builder of the stambha.<ref>Jain Shilalekh Samgrah, Part 5, Vidyadhar Johrapurkar, Bharatiya Jnanapith, 1971</ref> One of the inscriptions mention Dharmakirti, the disciple of Shubhakirti, who was disciple of Vasantkirti.{{sfn|Singh|Mishra|2005|p=116}} According to the [[Balatkara Gana]] [[Pattavali]], Dharmakirti headed the patta during 1224-1257 AD. Thus the structure dates from the 13th century, although an unrelated Jain inscription of 896 AD was found in the vicinity.<ref>Niraj Jain, Chittor Darshan, Vira Nivan Granth prakasha Samiti, 1980</ref> Kirti Stambha is older than another tower in the same fort, known as the [[Vijay Stambha]] (Tower of Victory).{{sfn|Arihant Experts|2018|p=33}} | ||
</ref> One of the inscriptions mention Dharmakirti, the disciple of Shubhakirti, who was disciple of Vasantkirti. According to the [[Balatkara Gana]] [[Pattavali]], Dharmakirti headed the patta during 1224-1257 AD. Thus the structure dates from the 13th century, although an unrelated Jain inscription of 896 AD was found in the vicinity.<ref>Niraj Jain, Chittor Darshan, Vira Nivan Granth prakasha Samiti, 1980</ref> Kirti Stambha is older than another tower in the same fort, known as the [[Vijay Stambha]] (Tower of Victory). | |||
== Architecture == | |||
[[File:Temple de Shanthinath.jpg|Kirti Stambh|thumb]] | |||
The tower is built in the [[Māru-Gurjara architecture|Solanki style]]. The tower is {{convert|76|m}} high and {{convert|37|m}} in diameter on a {{convert|10|m}} square platform. The tower is famous for its for intricate carvings and architecture. The seven storey temple is adorned by sculpture and mouldings from the base to summit. The carvings on each summit is different from other. The tower stands near the ''Saat-Bees'' Jain temple.{{sfn|Mehta|1970|p=169}} | |||
The lower level is called ''Hansh Peeth'', then ''Sinha-mukh Thar'', ''Gaja Thar'' and ''Nava Thar''.{{sfn|Mehta|1970|p=169}} | |||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
<gallery | <gallery> | ||
File:Kirti Stambha.jpg| A recent photo of the tower standing tall in Chittor | |||
File:Kirti Stambha.jpg| A recent photo of the tower standing tall in Chittor | File:Kirti stambh.jpg|[[Mahavir]] temple with Kirti Stambha | ||
File:Jain temple inside Chittorgarh Fort.jpg|Mahavir Jain temple | |||
File:Jain temple inside Chittorgarh Fort.jpg|Jain temple | File:Jain mandir , Chittorgarh.JPG|''Saat-Bees'' Jain temple near Kirti Stampla | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| Line 32: | Line 55: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
=== Citations === | === Citations === | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
=== Sources === | === Sources === | ||
* {{cite web | url=https://urban.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/uit-chittorgarh/en/uit-chittorgarh/major-attractions.html | title=Major attraction | work=[[Government of Rajasthan]] | access-date=25 January 2021 | ref={{sfnref|Urban Postal}} }}{{ | ==== Book ==== | ||
* {{cite book | last=Mehta | first=Jodh Sinha | url={{Google books|Q6FpVLjVzU8C|page=169|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Abu to Udaipur (Celestial Simla to City of Sunrise) | publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] | location=Delhi | date=1970 | isbn=9788120829848 }} | |||
* {{cite book | last1=Singh | first1=Nagendra Kumar | last2=Mishra | first2=A. P. | url={{Google books|ZgNHE-48jNcC|page=116|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Encyclopaedia Of Oriental Philosophy And Religion | volume=10 | publisher=Global Vision Pub House | date=2005 | isbn=9788182200715 }} | |||
* {{cite book | last1=Vashistha | first1=Radhakrishna | last2=Vashistha | first2=R. K. | url={{Google books|kmcLLEBmPHwC|pg=RA2-PA10|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Art and Artists of Rajasthan: A Study on the Art & Artists of Mewar with Reference to Western Indian School of Painting | publisher=Abhinav Publications | date=1995 | isbn=9788170172840 }} | |||
* {{cite book | author=Arihant Experts | url={{Google books|ohvzDwAAQBAJ|page=33|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Indian Art & Culture | publisher=Arihant Publications India limited | date=2018 | isbn=9789350944844 }} | |||
==== Web ==== | |||
* {{cite news | last=Bareth | first=Narayan | url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/india-42024555 | title=The citadel is of Chittor, the rest is of Garhaiya | publisher=[[BBC]] | date=17 November 2017 | language=hi }} | |||
* {{cite web | url=https://urban.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/uit-chittorgarh/en/uit-chittorgarh/major-attractions.html | title=Major attraction | work=[[Government of Rajasthan]] | access-date=25 January 2021 | ref={{sfnref|Urban Postal}} }} | |||
* {{cite web | url=https://www.tourism.rajasthan.gov.in/chittorgarh.html | title=Chittorgarh | publisher=[[Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation]] | ref={{sfnRef|Rajashtan Tourism|Chittorgarh}} }} | |||
== External links == | |||
{{commons category-inline|Kirti Stambha}} | |||
{{Jain temples}} | |||
{{Jainism topics}} | {{Jainism topics}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||