Anantnag: Difference between revisions

Anantnag (edit)

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 {{pp-30-500|small=yes}}
-{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
+{{For|the Indian actor|Anant Nag}}
 {{Infobox settlement
 | name                   = Anantnag
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 | pushpin_map            = India Jammu and Kashmir#India
 | pushpin_label_position = right
-| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Jammu and Kashmir
+| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India
 | coordinates            = {{coord|33.73|75.15|display=inline,title}}
 | subdivision_type       = Country
-| subdivision_name       = [[India]]
+| subdivision_name       = India
+| subdivision_type1      = [[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]
 | subdivision_type2      = [[List of districts of Jammu and Kashmir|District]]
 | subdivision_name1      = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
@@ Line 29: / Line 30: @@
 | population_footnotes   = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
 | population_density_km2 = auto
 | population_demonym     =
-Anantnagi, Anantnagia
 | demographics_type1     = Languages
 | demographics1_title1   = Official
 | demographics1_title2   = Regional
-| demographics1_info1    = [[Hindi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[Urdu]], [[English language|English]]
+| demographics1_info1    = [[Hindi]], [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[Urdu]], English
 | demographics1_footnotes= <ref name="langoff">{{cite news |title=Govt orders establishment of official language section in GAD |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |work=[[Greater Kashmir]] |first1=Syed Amjad |last1=Shah |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 | demographics_type2     = Demographics
@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 }}
-'''Anantnag''' (/ə'nʌntna:g/ or /-nɑːg/ {{audio|Anantnag̜ Pronunciation.ogg|listen}}; {{lit|countless springs}}), also called '''Islamabad''',<ref name="Bhat2017"/> is the administrative headquarters of the [[Anantnag district]] in the [[India]]n [[union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. It is located at a distance of 53 kilometres (33 miles) from the union territory's capital [[Srinagar]]. It is the third largest city in Jammu and Kashmir after Srinagar and [[Jammu]] with an urban agglomerate population of  159,838  and municipal limit population of 109,433.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/><ref name="Census-2011">{{Cite web|title=Anantnag City Census 2011 data |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/2-anantnag.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505071750/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/2-anantnag.html |archive-date=5 May 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref>
+'''Anantnag''' (/ə'nʌntna:g/ or /-nɑːg/ {{audio|Anantnag̜ Pronunciation.ogg|listen}}), also called '''Islamabad''',<ref name="Bhat2017"/> is the administrative headquarters of the [[Anantnag district]] in the Indian [[union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. It is located at a distance of 53 kilometres (33 miles) from the union territory's capital [[Srinagar]]. It is the third largest city in Jammu and Kashmir after Srinagar and [[Jammu]] with an urban agglomerate population of  159,838  and municipal limit population of 109,433.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/><ref name="Census-2011">{{Cite web|title=Anantnag City Census 2011 data |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/2-anantnag.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505071750/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/2-anantnag.html |archive-date=5 May 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref>
-==Etymology==
+== Name ==
-The name ''Anantnag'' is thought to originate from the [[Sanskrit]] term [[Ananta (infinite)|''ananta'']], meaning "infinite", and [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] word ''nāga'', "water spring"; ''Anant-nāg'' would thus mean "numerous springs", as there are indeed many springs in the town. According to [[Marc Aurel Stein]], however, the name of the city comes from the name of the spring located in the centre of the town.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
+The town has been called by both the names Islamabad and Anantnag. The latter is characterised by [[Marc Aurel Stein]] as its "Hindu name".<ref name=Stein>{{citation |first=M. A |last=Stein |authorlink=M. A. Stein |title=Memoir on Maps Illustrating Ancient Geography of Kashmir |year=1899 |publisher=Baptist Mission Press |location=Calcutta |url=https://archive.org/details/MemoirOnMapsIllustratingAncientGeographyOfKashmir |p=178}}</ref>
+"Anantnag" derives from the name of the spring at the southern end of the town, whose sanskrit name {{transl|sa|Anantanāga}} was mentioned in the ''[[Nilamata Purana]]'' and other texts.<ref name=Stein/> According to the ''Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak'', it is named after [[Ananta Shesha|Ananta]], the great serpent of Vishnu and the emblem of eternity.<ref>{{citation |title=Gazetteer of Kashmir and Ladak |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.43256 |via=archive.org |publisher=Superintendent of Government Printing |location=Calcutta |year=1890  |p=170}}</ref>
 The name ''Islamabad'' is believed to have derived from the name of a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] governor Islam Khan who built a garden in the area.<ref name=kashmirwatch>{{Cite news |title=Anantnag or Islamabad? What is the actual name of this South Kashmir district? |first1=M.J. |last1=Aslam |newspaper=Kashmir Watch |date=15 February 2018 |url=http://kashmirwatch.com/anantnag-islamabad-actual-name-south-kashmir-district/ |access-date=28 March 2018 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180215132409/http://kashmirwatch.com/anantnag-islamabad-actual-name-south-kashmir-district/ |archive-date=15 February 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Ahmad2017">{{citation|last=Ahmad|first=Khalid Bashir|title=Kashmir: Exposing the Myth behind the Narrative|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=txtBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT201|year=2017|publisher=SAGE Publishing India|isbn=978-93-86062-81-9|pages=201–}}</ref>
-Both names are used for the town, ''Anantnag'' being preferred by the Hindus and Sikhs and ''Islamabad'' being preferred by the Muslims. [[Walter Roper Lawrence]] refers to "Anantnag district" in his work [[the Valley of Kashmir]], published in 1895.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lawrence|first=Walter Roper|title=[[The Valley of Kashmir]]|publisher=H. Frowde|year=1895|pages=225}}</ref> The locals continue to use the name ''Islamabad'', even though the Indian security forces deployed in the area with the start of [[Kashmir insurgency]] frowned on its use.<ref name="Bhat2017">{{citation|last=Bhat|first=M. Ashraf|title=The Changing Language Roles and Linguistic Identities of the Kashmiri Speech Community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eVwpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57|date=2017|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-6260-8|page=57}}</ref><ref name=kashmirwatch/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kashmirdispatch.com/2011/08/29/what-is-in-a-name-islamabad-kashmir/105580/|title=What is in a name – Islamabad |website=kashmirdispatch.com|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref>
+Both names are used for the town, ''Anantnag'' being preferred by the Hindus and Sikhs while ''Islamabad'' is preferred by the Muslims. The locals continue to use the name ''Islamabad'', even though the Indian security forces deployed in the area from 1998 onwards frown on its use.<ref name="Bhat2017">{{citation|last=Bhat|first=M. Ashraf|title=The Changing Language Roles and Linguistic Identities of the Kashmiri Speech Community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eVwpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57|date=2017|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-6260-8|page=57}}</ref><ref name=kashmirwatch/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kashmirdispatch.com/2011/08/29/what-is-in-a-name-islamabad-kashmir/105580/|title=What is in a name – Islamabad |website=kashmirdispatch.com|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref>
+During the [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Dogra rule]], Anantnag/Islamabad was the headquarters of one of Kashmir Valley's three districts, which was referred to as the "Anantnag wazarat".<ref>
+{{citation |last=Snedden |first=Christopher |title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5KMCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA8 |year=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ISBN=978-1-84904-342-7 |p=8}}
+"Two of Kashmir Province's three districts, Anantnag and Baramula, roughly equated to the Kashmir Valley."
+</ref><ref>
+{{Cite book |last=Lawrence |first=Walter Roper |title=The Valley of Kashmir |publisher=H. Frowde |year=1895 |pages=222 |url=https://archive.org/details/valleyofkashmir00lawruoft/page/222 }}
+</ref>
 ==Geography==
 Anantnag is located at {{coord|33.73|N|75.15|E}},<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/12/Anantnag.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Anantnag]. Fallingrain.com.</ref> at an elevation of {{convert|5300|ft|m}} above sea level, at a distance of {{convert|53|km|mi}} from [[Srinagar]] on [[National Highway 44 (India)|NH 44]] (former name [[National Highway 1A (India, old numbering)|NH 1A]] before [[List of National Highways in India by highway number|renumbering]] of all national highways).
-{{Weather box| width        =  auto
+{{Weather box |collapsed = 1 | width        =  auto
 | location     = Anantnag (1971–1986)
 | metric first = Y
@@ Line 130: / Line 139: @@
 ==Demographics==
-{{see also|List of cities in Jammu and Kashmir}}
-There are three definitions of Anantnag:
-*Anantnag Municipal Council: population in 2011: 109,433, area: {{convert|15.72|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
-*Anantnag city including outgrowths: population in 2011: 150,592, area: {{convert|37.94|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/><ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/>
-*Anantnag Urban Agglomeration: population in 2011: 159,838, area: {{convert|40.44|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
-Including outgrowths, in 2011 the city's population had 77,508 males (52%) and 72,690 females (48%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/> There were 25,102 (16.7%) age 0-6: 13,528 males (54%) and 11,574 females (46%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/>  The literacy rate for the people over six was 73.8% (males 81.0%, females 66.2%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0114_PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG.pdf |pages=28–29 |work=Census of India 2011 |title=District Census Handbook Anantnag, Part B |date=July 2016 |access-date=9 February 2021}}</ref>
 {{Historical populations
 |title       = Anantnag Urban Agglomeration
-|source    = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A4.html |title=A-4 Towns And Urban Agglomerations Classified By Population Size Class In 2011 With Variation Since 1901 |work=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India}}<br>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/CLASS%20I.xlsx |title=Class - I Population of 100,000 and Above}}</ref>
+|source    = <ref name=Census2011-town_pop>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A4.html |title=A-4 Towns And Urban Agglomerations Classified By Population Size Class In 2011 With Variation Since 1901 |work=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India}}<br />{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/CLASS%20I.xlsx |title=Class - I Population of 100,000 and Above}}</ref>
 |percentages=pagr
 | cols = 1
@@ Line 153: / Line 155: @@
 |2011 | 159,838
 }}
+{{see also|List of cities in Jammu and Kashmir}}
+There are three definitions of Anantnag:
+*Anantnag Municipal Council: population in 2011: 109,433, area: {{convert|15.72|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
+*Anantnag city including outgrowths: population in 2011: 150,592, area: {{convert|37.94|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/><ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/>
+*Anantnag Urban Agglomeration: population in 2011: 159,838, area: {{convert|40.44|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Census2011-town_pop/>
+Including outgrowths, in 2011 the city's population had 77,508 males (52%) and 72,690 females (48%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/> There were 25,102 (16.7%) age 0-6: 13,528 males (54%) and 11,574 females (46%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG/>  The literacy rate for the people over six was 73.8% (males 81.0%, females 66.2%).<ref name=PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0114_PART_B_DCHB_ANANTNAG.pdf |pages=28–29 |work=Census of India 2011 |title=District Census Handbook Anantnag, Part B |date=July 2016 |access-date=9 February 2021}}</ref>
 == Government and politics ==
@@ Line 158: / Line 167: @@
 ==Sites==
-{{main|Martand Sun Temple}} The [[Martand Sun Temple]] is one of the important archaeological sites of Kashmir. It was built around 500 CE. This temple has the typical Aryan structure as was present in Aryan Kashmir. The Martand temple is situated at Kehribal, 9&nbsp;km east-north-east of Anantnag and south of Mattan. This famous Sun Temple was destroyed by Ruler namely Sikander Buthshikan of Shahmiri Dynasty and took him more than a year to destroy this temple.<ref name="Sights" />
+[[File:Central edifice of Martand-Sun Temple.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Martand Sun Temple]]
-[[File:Martand - Sun Temple Panorama.jpg|none|thumb|1033x1033px|A panoramic view of Martand Sun Temple]]
+Masjid Baba Dawood Khaki is among the oldest mosques in the city, being built around 1400 [[Common Era|CE]].<ref name="Sights">{{Cite web|title=Places To Visit In Anantnag|url=https://www.holidify.com/places/anantnag/sightseeing-and-things-to-do.html|publisher=Holidify Pvt Ltd}}</ref>
-Masjid Baba Dawood Khaki is among the oldest mosques in the city, being built around 1400 [[Common Era|CE]].<ref name="Sights">{{Cite web|title=Places To Visit In Anantnag|url=https://www.holidify.com/places/anantnag/sightseeing-and-things-to-do.html|publisher=Holidify Pvt Ltd}}</ref>
+The [[Martand Sun Temple]] is one of the important archaeological sites of Kashmir, built around 500 CE. It temple is situated at Kehribal, 9&nbsp;km east-north-east of Anantnag and south of Mattan. This famous Sun Temple was destroyed by Ruler namely Sikander Buthshikan of Shahmiri Dynasty.<ref name="Sights" />
 ==Economy==
+[[File:Mustard Fields Anantnag.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Mustard fields near Anantnag]]
 In 2010 Anantnag was declared as major City of Export excellence with a total GDP of 3.7&nbsp;billion $.<ref name="Export-city">{{Cite news|title=Centre declares Srinagar, Anantnag as 'Export Excellence towns' |date=1 December 2010 |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/7022284.cms |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |archive-url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/centre-declares-srinagar-anantnag-as-export-excellence-towns/articleshow/7022284.cms |archive-date=12 February 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref> The high [[GDP]] of Anantnag is due to the centralised position and presence of high concentration of troops and migrant labours in it. Anantnag has a strategic position lying on the main North-South Corridor Road and with the highest number of tourist destinations it an economic hub of Kashmir Valley. The city suffered heavily during conflict times of the 1990s; many roads, bridges, and government buildings were reduced to ash. But in the 2000s, it made a quick recovery. It has been listed among 100 fastest economically developing cities.<ref name="Export-city" />
 ==Transport==
 ===Road===
 [[Srinagar]] is 53&nbsp;km from Anantnag on [[National Highway 44 (India)|NH 44]] (former name [[National Highway 1A (India, old numbering)|NH 1A]] before [[List of National Highways in India by highway number|renumbering]] of all national highways). The distances of some other [[town]]s from Anantnag are: [[Achabal]] 10&nbsp;km, [[Kokarnag]] 23&nbsp;km, [[Doru Shahabad]] 20&nbsp;km and [[Pahalgam]] 39&nbsp;km.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citypincode.in/PinCodeOf.jsp?area=Anantnag%20&district=Ananthnag |title=Anantnag Pin code |publisher=citypincode.in |access-date=30 March 2014 |archive-date=18 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072944/http://www.citypincode.in/PinCodeOf.jsp?area=Anantnag%20&district=Ananthnag |url-status=dead }}</ref> The city is served by National Highway 44. The city is gateway to the Kashmir valley as one side of Jawahar Tunnel opens here.
 ===Rail===
+[[File:Kashmir Railway line near Anantnag railway station.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Track near the Anantnag railway station]]
-Anantnag(ANT) is a station on the 119 km (74 mi) long [[Jammu–Baramulla line|Banihal-Baramulla line]] that started in October 2009 and connects Baramulla(BRML) and Srinagar to Banihal(BAHL), Qazigund .The railway track also connects to [[Banihal]] across the [[Pir Panjal]] mountains through a newly constructed 11 km long Banihal tunnel, and subsequently to the Indian railway network after a few years. It takes approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds for a train to cross the tunnel. It is the longest rail tunnel in India. This railway system, proposed in 2001, is not expected to connect the Indian railway network until 2017 at the earliest, with a cost overrun of 55 billion INR. The train also runs during heavy snow across the Kashmir Valley.
+Anantnag(ANT) is a station on the 119&nbsp;km (74&nbsp;mi) long [[Jammu–Baramulla line|Banihal-Baramulla line]] that started in October 2009 and connects Baramulla(BRML) and Srinagar to Banihal(BAHL), Qazigund .The railway track also connects to [[Banihal]] across the [[Pir Panjal]] mountains through a newly constructed 11&nbsp;km long Banihal tunnel, and subsequently to the Indian railway network after a few years. It takes approximately 9 minutes and 30 seconds for a train to cross the tunnel. It is the longest rail tunnel in India. This railway system, proposed in 2001, is not expected to connect the Indian railway network until 2017 at the earliest, with a cost overrun of 55 billion INR. The train also runs during heavy snow across the Kashmir Valley.
 ==Education==
@@ Line 195: / Line 204: @@
 * {{Wikivoyage-inline}}
 * [http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/keyword/anantnag Articles about Anantnag] in ''The Economic Times''
-* {{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004 |title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional) |access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}
+* {{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 |archive-date=16 June 2004  |title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)  |access-date=1 November 2008 |publisher= Census Commission of India}}
 {{Kashmir Valley}}
@@ Line 205: / Line 214: @@
 [[Category:Ancient Indian cities]]
 [[Category:Municipal corporations in Jammu and Kashmir]]
+[[Category:Cities in Jammu and Kashmir]]