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===Formation of the Forward Bloc=== | ===Formation of the Forward Bloc=== | ||
The '''Forward Bloc''' of the [[Indian National Congress]] was formed on May 3, 1939 by Netaji [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in Makur [[Unnao]] , [[ Uttar Pradesh]], who had resigned from the presidency of the Indian National Congress on 29 April after being outmanoeuvered by [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]. The formation of the Forward Bloc was announced to the public at a rally in [[Calcutta]]. Bose said that who all were joining, they had to never turn their back to the British and must fill the [[Oath|pledge]] form by cutting their finger and signing it with their blood. First of all, seventeen young girls came up and signed the pledge form. Initially the aim of the Forward Bloc was to rally all the leftwing sections within the Congress and develop an alternative leadership inside the Congress. Bose became the president of the Forward Bloc and [[S.S. Cavesheer]] its vice-president. A Forward Bloc Conference was held in [[Bombay]] in the end of June. At that conference the constitution and programme of the Forward Bloc were approved.<ref>Ghosh, Asok (ed.), ''A Short History of the All India Forward Bloc''. Kolkata: Bengal Lokmat Printers Pvt Ltd., 2001. pp. 29–30</ref> In July 1939 Subhas Chandra Bose announced the Committee of the Forward Bloc. It had Subhas Chandra Bose as president, S.S. Kavishar from [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] as its vice-president, Lal Shankarlal from [[Delhi]], as its general secretary and [[ Vishwambhar Dayalu Tripathi ]] and [[Khurshed Nariman]] from Bombay as secretaries. Other prominent members were Annapurniah from [[Andhra Pradesh]], Senapati Bapat, Hari Vishnu Kamnath from Bombay, Pasumpon [[U. Muthuramalingam Thevar]] from Tamil Nadu and [[Sheel Bhadra Yagee]] from [[Bihar]]. Satya Ranjan Bakshi, was appointed as the secretary of the Bengal Provincial Forward Bloc.<ref name = "Banglapedia">{{cite book |last=Misra |first=Chitta Ranjan |year=2012 |chapter=Forward Bloc |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Forward_Bloc |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> | The '''Forward Bloc''' of the [[Indian National Congress]] was formed on May 3, 1939 by Netaji [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] in Makur [[Unnao]] , [[Uttar Pradesh]], who had resigned from the presidency of the Indian National Congress on 29 April after being outmanoeuvered by [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]]. The formation of the Forward Bloc was announced to the public at a rally in [[Calcutta]]. Bose said that who all were joining, they had to never turn their back to the British and must fill the [[Oath|pledge]] form by cutting their finger and signing it with their blood. First of all, seventeen young girls came up and signed the pledge form. Initially the aim of the Forward Bloc was to rally all the leftwing sections within the Congress and develop an alternative leadership inside the Congress. Bose became the president of the Forward Bloc and [[S.S. Cavesheer]] its vice-president. A Forward Bloc Conference was held in [[Bombay]] in the end of June. At that conference the constitution and programme of the Forward Bloc were approved.<ref>Ghosh, Asok (ed.), ''A Short History of the All India Forward Bloc''. Kolkata: Bengal Lokmat Printers Pvt Ltd., 2001. pp. 29–30</ref> In July 1939 Subhas Chandra Bose announced the Committee of the Forward Bloc. It had Subhas Chandra Bose as president, S.S. Kavishar from [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] as its vice-president, Lal Shankarlal from [[Delhi]], as its general secretary and [[Vishwambhar Dayalu Tripathi]] and [[Khurshed Nariman]] from Bombay as secretaries. Other prominent members were Annapurniah from [[Andhra Pradesh]], Senapati Bapat, Hari Vishnu Kamnath from Bombay, Pasumpon [[U. Muthuramalingam Thevar]] from Tamil Nadu and [[Sheel Bhadra Yagee]] from [[Bihar]]. Satya Ranjan Bakshi, was appointed as the secretary of the Bengal Provincial Forward Bloc.<ref name = "Banglapedia">{{cite book |last=Misra |first=Chitta Ranjan |year=2012 |chapter=Forward Bloc |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Forward_Bloc |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> | ||
In August, the same year Bose began publishing a newspaper titled ''Forward Bloc''. He travelled around the country, rallying support for his new political project.<ref name = "Banglapedia" /> | In August, the same year Bose began publishing a newspaper titled ''Forward Bloc''. He travelled around the country, rallying support for his new political project.<ref name = "Banglapedia" /> | ||