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{{About||the most recent convention|2020 Democratic National Convention}} | {{About||the most recent convention|2020 Democratic National Convention}} | ||
{{short description|Series of presidential nominating conventions of the United States Democratic Party}} | {{short description|Series of presidential nominating conventions of the United States Democratic Party}} | ||
[[File:Hillary Clinton Speech at Democratic National Convention (July 28, 2016).jpg|alt=A view looking downward at a raised blue stage. A woman in white pantsuit stands behind a podium (and clear safety shields) facing a crowd of supporters holding American flags, "Hillary" signs, etc. |thumb|350x350px|Democratic National Convention, in 2016, where Hillary Rodham Clinton became the first female presidential nominee of a major party in the United States]] | [[File:Hillary Clinton Speech at Democratic National Convention (July 28, 2016).jpg|alt=A view looking downward at a raised blue stage. A woman in white pantsuit stands behind a podium (and clear safety shields) facing a crowd of supporters holding American flags, "Hillary" signs, etc.|thumb|350x350px|Democratic National Convention, in 2016, where Hillary Rodham Clinton became the first female presidential nominee of a major party in the United States]] | ||
The '''Democratic National Convention''' ('''DNC''') is a series of [[U.S. presidential nominating convention|presidential nominating conventions]] held every four years since 1832 by the [[United States Democratic Party]].<ref>Exceptions are the 1835 national convention, which occurred 3 years after the 1832 national convention, and the 1840 national convention, which occurred 5 years after the 1835 national convention.</ref> They have been administered by the [[Democratic National Committee]] since the 1852 national convention. The primary goal of the Democratic National Convention is to officially nominate a candidate for [[President of the United States|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]], adopt a comprehensive [[political platform|party platform]] and unify the party. Pledged [[Delegate (American politics)|delegate]]s from all fifty [[U.S. state]]s and from American dependencies and territories such as [[Puerto Rico]] and the [[Virgin Islands]], and [[superdelegates]] which are unpledged delegates representing the Democratic establishment, attend the convention and cast their votes to choose the Party's presidential candidate. Like the [[Republican National Convention]], the Democratic National Convention marks the formal end of the [[primary election]] period and the start of the [[general election]] season. In 2020, both major parties, and many minor parties, replaced their usual in-person conventions with virtual programs due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. | The '''Democratic National Convention''' ('''DNC''') is a series of [[U.S. presidential nominating convention|presidential nominating conventions]] held every four years since 1832 by the [[United States Democratic Party]].<ref>Exceptions are the 1835 national convention, which occurred 3 years after the 1832 national convention, and the 1840 national convention, which occurred 5 years after the 1835 national convention.</ref> They have been administered by the [[Democratic National Committee]] since the 1852 national convention. The primary goal of the Democratic National Convention is to officially nominate a candidate for [[President of the United States|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]], adopt a comprehensive [[political platform|party platform]] and unify the party. Pledged [[Delegate (American politics)|delegate]]s from all fifty [[U.S. state]]s and from American dependencies and territories such as [[Puerto Rico]] and the [[Virgin Islands]], and [[superdelegates]] which are unpledged delegates representing the Democratic establishment, attend the convention and cast their votes to choose the Party's presidential candidate. Like the [[Republican National Convention]], the Democratic National Convention marks the formal end of the [[primary election]] period and the start of the [[general election]] season. In 2020, both major parties, and many minor parties, replaced their usual in-person conventions with virtual programs due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. | ||
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* '''Add-on''' or '''PLEO''' pledged delegates, which allow for representation by '''p'''arty '''l'''eaders and '''e'''lected '''o'''fficials within the state.<ref name="2020Call"/><ref name="CRSReport2015"/> | * '''Add-on''' or '''PLEO''' pledged delegates, which allow for representation by '''p'''arty '''l'''eaders and '''e'''lected '''o'''fficials within the state.<ref name="2020Call"/><ref name="CRSReport2015"/> | ||
Unpledged [[superdelegates]], delegates whose votes are not bound to the outcome of a state's caucus or primary, only vote in the event of a [[ | Unpledged [[superdelegates]], delegates whose votes are not bound to the outcome of a state's caucus or primary, only vote in the event of a [[Contested convention|contested nomination]].<ref name="SuperdelegateOverhaul"/> These superdelegates may also be called unpledged PLEO ('''p'''arty '''l'''eaders and '''e'''lected '''o'''fficials) delegates.<ref name="2020Call"/><ref name="CRSReport2015"/> | ||
The size of delegations to the Democratic National Convention, for each state, territory, or other political subdivision, are described in the party's quadrennial ''Call for the Democratic National Convention''.<ref name="2020Call">{{cite web | url=https://democrats.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2020-Call-for-Convention-WITH-Attachments-2.26.19.pdf | title=Call for the 2020 Democratic National Convention | publisher=Democratic National Committee |access-date=September 20, 2019}}</ref> | The size of delegations to the Democratic National Convention, for each state, territory, or other political subdivision, are described in the party's quadrennial ''Call for the Democratic National Convention''.<ref name="2020Call">{{cite web | url=https://democrats.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2020-Call-for-Convention-WITH-Attachments-2.26.19.pdf | title=Call for the 2020 Democratic National Convention | publisher=Democratic National Committee |access-date=September 20, 2019}}</ref> | ||
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* Distinguished party leaders (consisting of current and former Presidents, Vice Presidents, congressional leaders, and DNC chairs) | * Distinguished party leaders (consisting of current and former Presidents, Vice Presidents, congressional leaders, and DNC chairs) | ||
Democratic superdelegates are free to support any candidate for the presidential nomination. On August 25, 2018, the Democratic National Committee agreed to reduce the influence of superdelegates by generally preventing them from voting on the first ballot at the Democratic National Convention, allowing their votes only in a [[ | Democratic superdelegates are free to support any candidate for the presidential nomination. On August 25, 2018, the Democratic National Committee agreed to reduce the influence of superdelegates by generally preventing them from voting on the first ballot at the Democratic National Convention, allowing their votes only in a [[Contested convention|contested nomination]].<ref name="SuperdelegateOverhaul">{{cite news |last=Herndon |first=Astead W. |date=August 25, 2018 |title=Democrats Overhaul Controversial Superdelegate System |newspaper=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/25/us/politics/superdelegates-democrats-dnc.html |access-date=August 26, 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Presidential candidate nomination== | ==Presidential candidate nomination== | ||
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From 1972 to 1980, the party's choice of the vice-presidential nominee became known on the first evening of the convention, but this led to scattering of votes in order to sabotage the nominee's chances, which turned the voting in 1972 and 1980 into a farce: | From 1972 to 1980, the party's choice of the vice-presidential nominee became known on the first evening of the convention, but this led to scattering of votes in order to sabotage the nominee's chances, which turned the voting in 1972 and 1980 into a farce: | ||
* In 1972, a record 79 candidates (a number of whom were highly unlikely or joke candidates) received at least one vote, and the only ballot was not completed until 1:40 a.m. | * In 1972, a record 79 candidates (a number of whom were highly unlikely or joke candidates) received at least one vote, and the only ballot was not completed until 1:40 a.m. | ||
* In 1980, over 20% of the delegates walked out of the convention before the vice-presidential voting after [[Ted Kennedy]] lost the presidential nomination to incumbent [[Jimmy Carter]], while 36 candidates received at least one vote, and the only ballot required several roll calls to complete. | * In 1980, over 20% of the delegates walked out of the convention before the vice-presidential voting after [[Ted Kennedy]] lost the presidential nomination to incumbent [[Jimmy Carter]], while 36 candidates received at least one vote, and the only ballot required several roll calls to complete. | ||