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==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Sher Ali worked for the [[British Raj|British administration]] in the Punjab Mounted Police in the 1860s.<ref name=andaman>{{cite web|title=The Murder of Lord Mayo 1872|url=http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-o/texto.htm|publisher=andaman.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He came from the [[Tirah]] valley in the [[Khyber Agency]] and worked for the Commissioner of Peshawar.<ref name=khyber>{{cite web|title=Sher Ali Afridi|url=http://www.khyber.org/people/sarfaroshan/SherAliAfridi.shtml|publisher=Khyber.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He served the British in Ambala in a cavalry regiment.<ref name=khyber/> He served in the [[Presidency armies]], (that is, serving the [[East India Company]]) in [[Rohilkhand]] and [[Oudh]] during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<ref name=journal>{{cite web|last=Hussain|first=Hamid|title=Tribes and Turbulance|url=http://www.defencejournal.com/2003/june/tribesandturbulence.htm|publisher=defencejournal.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He worked under Major Hugh James as a cavalry trooper in [[Peshawar]] and as a mounted orderly for [[Reynell Taylor]], who awarded Sher Ali with a horse, pistol and certificate.<ref name=Halen/> Due to his good character, Sher Ali was popular among Europeans and was taking care of Taylor's children.<ref name=Halen/> In a family feud, he killed one of his relatives named Hydur<ref name=Halen/> at Peshawar in broad daylight and although he pleaded innocence, he was sentenced to death on 2 April 1867. On appeal, his | Sher Ali worked for the [[British Raj|British administration]] in the Punjab Mounted Police in the 1860s.<ref name=andaman>{{cite web|title=The Murder of Lord Mayo 1872|url=http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-o/texto.htm|publisher=andaman.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He came from the [[Tirah]] valley in the [[Khyber Agency]] and worked for the Commissioner of Peshawar.<ref name=khyber>{{cite web|title=Sher Ali Afridi|url=http://www.khyber.org/people/sarfaroshan/SherAliAfridi.shtml|publisher=Khyber.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He served the British in Ambala in a cavalry regiment.<ref name=khyber/> He served in the [[Presidency armies]], (that is, serving the [[East India Company]]) in [[Rohilkhand]] and [[Oudh]] during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<ref name=journal>{{cite web|last=Hussain|first=Hamid|title=Tribes and Turbulance|url=http://www.defencejournal.com/2003/june/tribesandturbulence.htm|publisher=defencejournal.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He worked under Major Hugh James as a cavalry trooper in [[Peshawar]] and as a mounted orderly for [[Reynell Taylor]], who awarded Sher Ali with a horse, pistol and certificate.<ref name=Halen/> Due to his good character, Sher Ali was popular among Europeans and was taking care of Taylor's children.<ref name=Halen/> In a family feud, he killed one of his relatives named Hydur<ref name=Halen/> at Peshawar in broad daylight and although he pleaded innocence, he was sentenced to death on 2 April 1867. On appeal, his sentence was reduced by a judge, Colonel Pollock,<ref name=Halen/> to life imprisonment<ref name=andaman/> and he was deported to ''Kala Pani'' or the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]], to serve his sentence.<ref name=khyber/> He was permitted to work as a barber at [[Port Blair]] as he was acknowledged to have behaved well since his arrival.<ref name=Halen/> | ||
==Murder of Lord Mayo== | ==Murder of Lord Mayo== | ||
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==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
The murder of the Viceroy, the supreme official of India appointed by the [[British Crown]], sent shock waves throughout Britain and British India.<ref name=Halen>{{cite web|last=James|first=Halen|title=The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?|url=http://ijaps.usm.my/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/HelenJames_LordMayoAssassination.pdf|publisher=IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009)|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> Sher Ali Afridi wanted to kill two white people, the Superintendent and the Viceroy, as a revenge for his sentence, which he thought was more severe than he deserved.<ref name=andaman/> He waited for a full day and only in the evening, found an opportunity to kill the Viceroy. He said that he killed on the instructions of God and his partner in this act was only God.<ref name=Halen/> He readily posed for photographs.<ref name=andaman/> Some jihadist-inspired prisoners were jailed at Andaman during the same period but the British found no link to the murder of the Viceroy and the presence of these prisoners.<ref name=Halen/> Sher Ali Afridi was condemned to death and was hanged on the gallows of [[Viper Island]] prison,<ref name=andaman/> on 11 March 1872.<ref name=khyber/> | The murder of the Viceroy, the supreme official of India appointed by the [[British Crown]], sent shock waves throughout Britain and British India.<ref name=Halen>{{cite web|last=James|first=Halen|title=The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?|url=http://ijaps.usm.my/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/HelenJames_LordMayoAssassination.pdf|publisher=IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009)|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> Sher Ali Afridi wanted to kill two white people, the Superintendent and the Viceroy, as a revenge for his sentence, which he thought was more severe than he deserved.<ref name=andaman/> He waited for a full day and only in the evening, found an opportunity to kill the Viceroy. He said that he killed on the instructions of God and his partner in this act was only God.<ref name=Halen/> He readily posed for photographs.<ref name=andaman/> Some jihadist-inspired prisoners were jailed at Andaman during the same period but the British found no link to the murder of the Viceroy and the presence of these prisoners.<ref name=Halen/> Sher Ali Afridi was condemned to death and was hanged on the gallows of [[Viper Island]] prison,<ref name=andaman/> on 11 March 1872.<ref name=khyber/> | ||
==See also== | |||
*[[Mohammad Abdullah (India)]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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*Prof. Sen : ''Disciplining Punishment: Colonialism and Convict Society in the Andaman Islands.'' Oxford University Press. | *Prof. Sen : ''Disciplining Punishment: Colonialism and Convict Society in the Andaman Islands.'' Oxford University Press. | ||
[[Category:Indian | [[Category:Year of birth unknown]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1872 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century executions by British India]] | |||
[[Category:19th-century Indian criminals]] | |||
[[Category:Afridi people]] | |||
[[Category:British East India Company Army soldiers]] | |||
[[Category:Executed assassins]] | [[Category:Executed assassins]] | ||
[[Category:Executed Indian people]] | [[Category:Executed Indian people]] | ||
[[Category:Indian assassins]] | |||
[[Category:Indian Muslims]] | |||
[[Category:Indian people convicted of murder]] | |||
[[Category:People convicted of murder by India]] | |||
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | [[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | ||
[[Category:People from Khyber District]] | [[Category:People from Khyber District]] | ||
[[Category:People from Peshawar]] | [[Category:People from Peshawar]] | ||