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Sambhaji's invasion of Goa

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The Maratha–Portuguese War of 1683–1684 or Sambhaji's Invasion of Goa[1][2][3] refers to the Maratha invasion of the Portuguese-controlled portions of Goa and Bombay areas of Konkan.[4] The conflict between the Mahratta Confederacy and the Portuguese in Goa and Bombay; continued on various fronts in between 1683 and 1684.

Maratha–Portuguese War 1683–1684
Mapa Topografico das Ilhas e Provincias de Goa.jpg
Portuguese topographic map of Goa, 18th century.
DateApril 1683 – 6 February 1684
Location
Konkan, India
Result Maratha victory
Territorial
changes		 Status quo ante bellum because of Mughal invasion.
Belligerents
Maratha Empire Portuguese Empire
Kingdom of Sawantwadi
Supported by:
Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg Mughal Empire
Commanders and leaders
Sambhaji
Yesaji Kank
Krishnaji Kank †		 Count of Alvor
Strength
11,000 infantry,
6,000 cavalry		 3,700 infantry,
20 cannons,
Unknown naval vessels
Desai rebels
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown

The Portuguese had maintained relations with the Marathas under Shivaji, in order to check the Deccan Sultanates. In 1682, two years after the death of Shivaji, Sambhaji started arming & fortifying the border along Portuguese territories. The concerned Portuguese then aligned themselves with the Moghals.

Bassein theatre

See also: Battle of Vasai
 
The Portuguese fortress of Bassein.

Between April and May 1683, the Marathas invaded Portuguese Konkan in the north and plundered Portuguese-controlled towns and villages at Dahanu, Asheri, Trapor, & Vasai (Bassein). Sambhaji's Peshwa Nilopant Pingle devastated, plundered and occupied 40 miles of Portuguese territory including the villages of Chembur, Talode, Kolve, Mahim, Dantore & Sargaon.[citation needed] Mahrattas also temporarily occupied some forts around Bassein and Damaon.[5]

Chaul theatre

The Brahmin Peshva Nilopant Pingle kept the pressure on Chaul. The Marathas plundered the villages in July 1683. On 10 August 1683 they sieged Chaul with 2000 horsemen and 6000 infantry in the siege of Chaul.[6] On August 18, they attempted to storm the fortress, however they were repulsed.[7]

List of conflicts

  Maratha victory
  Portuguese victory
  Peace
Date Conflict Marathas Portuguese Result
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of North Konkan  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory
  • Marathas plundered villages and two Padres were taken captive[8]
April–May 1683 Maratha raid of Dahanu  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha raid of Trapor  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha raid of Bassein  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Chembur  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Talode  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Kolve  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Mahim  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Dantore  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha invasion of Sargaon  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha occupation of Bassein  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
April–May 1683 Maratha occupation of Daman  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
July 1683 Maratha raids of Chaul  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[10]
August 1683 Siege of Chaul  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[11]
1683 Maratha invasions of Goa  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
1683 Maratha invasion of Bardez  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
1683 Maratha raid of Salcete  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
1683 Sack of Salcete Churches  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
October 1683 First Ponda skirmishes  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[12]
November 1683 Second Ponda skirmishes  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Portuguese Empire victory[12]
November 1683 Third Ponda skirmishes  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[12]
November 1683 Siege of Ponda  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory
November 1683 Battle of Ponda  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory
November 1683 Maratha raid of Santo Estavam  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
November 1683 Capture of San Estevam  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
November 1683 Fire of Santo Estavão Church  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
November 1683 Maratha raids of Goan villages  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
24 November 1683 Maratha occupation of Passo Seco  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[14]
25 November 1683 Battle of Juvem Island  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Salcete  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Bardes  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha raid of Rachol  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[15]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Tivim  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[15]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Chapora  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Margão  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Ilhas de Goa  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Portuguese Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Mormugao  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Portuguese Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha invasion of Rebdanda  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
December 1683 Maratha occupation of Bassein  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[14]
December 1683 Maratha occupation of Daman  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[14]
December 1683 Maratha occupation of Northern Goa  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[14]
1684 Maratha raid of Salcete  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
1684 Maratha raid of Darvez  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Maratha Empire victory[9]
1684 Siege of Goa  Maratha Empire   Portuguese Empire Sambhaji sent Prince Akbar & Kavi Kalash, and signed the Luso-Maratha Treaty of Ponda 1684. Hostilities ceased on February 6.[16]

Reference

  1. ↑ Alden, Dauril (1996). The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire, and Beyond, 1540-1750. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-2271-1.
  2. ↑ Disney, A. R. (31 May 2023). The Portuguese in India and Other Studies, 1500-1700. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-94158-6.
  3. ↑ David, M. D. (1973). "History of Bombay, 1661-1708".
  4. ↑ "Herald: Did Shivaji think of conquering 'Portuguese' Goa?". 2022-04-09. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 2024-04-18.
  5. ↑ Sarkar, Jadunath (1920). History of Aurangzib: Based on Original sources. Vol. IV. London: Longmans, Green and company. p. 331.
  6. ↑ Alexandre Lobato: Relações Luso-Maratas 1658-1737, Centro de Estudos Históricos Ultramarinos, Lisboa, 1965, pp. 28-34.
  7. ↑ Portuguese-Mahratta Relations. p. 82.
  8. ↑ Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 81.
  9. ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 88.
  10. ↑ Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 84.
  11. ↑ Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 85.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 83.
  13. ↑ Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 84.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 87.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 90.
  16. ↑ Portuguese Mahratta Relations. 14 February 2021. p. 91.
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