Incarnations of Nongthang Leima
In Meitei folklore, mythology and religion, Nongthang Leima, the primordial goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction[1][2][3][4], is said to have multiple divine incarnations in the form of many female beings.[5] The "Laion Laichat", an ancient Meitei scripture, mentions the 31 divine forms of the goddess, among which Panthoibi and Chang-Ning Leima, are significant.[6][7]
| Names | Alternate spellings | Latin transliteration | English translation (or description) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯄꯤ | ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯕꯤ, ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯄꯤ | Panthoibi | Goddess of war, love and fertility[8][9][10] |
| ꯇꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯇꯥꯟꯊꯣꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ | Tanthong Leima | |
| ꯂꯦꯝꯊꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯂꯦꯝꯊꯣꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ | Lemthong Leima | |
| ꯂꯝꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯂꯝꯇꯦꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ | Lamteng Leima | |
| ꯍꯩꯅꯧꯄꯣꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ | - | Heinoupok Leima | Goddess of mango tree |
| ꯆꯪꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯆꯡꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯆꯪꯅꯤꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯆꯡꯅꯤꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ | Chang-ning Leima | |
| ꯅꯨꯡꯀꯣꯢꯄꯤ | ꯅꯨꯡꯀꯣꯏꯄꯤ, ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯣꯏꯕꯤ | Noong-koipi (Nungoibi) | War goddess |
| ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ ꯂꯩꯃ | Koloi Leima | Goddess of naming |
| ꯊꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯊꯨꯝꯔꯩꯃ | Thumleima | Goddess of salt and salt brines[11][12][13] |
| ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ | ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ | Ngaleima | Goddess of fish[14][15][16] |
| ꯊꯥꯂꯩꯃ | ꯊꯥꯔꯩꯃ | Thaleima | Goddess of moon |
| ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯄꯤ | ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯄꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯐꯧꯂꯩꯃ, ꯐꯧꯔꯩꯃ | Phouoipi | Goddess of agriculture, crops and food[17][18][19][20] |
| ꯌꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯌꯣꯠꯔꯩꯃ | Yot-Leima | Goddess of iron |
| ꯋꯥꯇꯂꯩ ꯁꯤꯜꯍꯩꯄꯤ | ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯩ ꯁꯤꯟꯍꯩꯕꯤ | Waatalei Silheipi | Goddess of artisans and occupation |
| ꯀꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯀꯣꯜꯂꯩꯃ | Kon-Leima | Goddess of utensils |
| ꯈꯥꯢꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯆꯅꯨ | ꯈꯥꯏꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯆꯅꯨ | Khaipa Ningthou Chanu | |
| ꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ ꯆꯅꯨ | ꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ ꯆꯅꯨ | Moinu Chanu (Imoinu) | Caretaker goddess of mankind, wealth and prosperity[21][22] |
| ꯄꯤꯊꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯃ | - | Pithet Leima | |
| ꯂꯥꯢꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯟ ꯊꯥꯟꯄꯤ | ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯟ ꯊꯥꯟꯕꯤ | Laiwa Leima Laisan Thaanpi | |
| ꯈꯥꯄꯤ ꯂꯨꯀꯣꯢ ꯆꯅꯨ | ꯈꯥꯕꯤ ꯂꯨꯀꯣꯏ ꯆꯅꯨ | Khapi Lukoi Chanu | |
| ꯂꯤꯛꯂꯥꯄꯤꯆꯥ | ꯂꯤꯛꯂꯥꯕꯤꯆꯥ | Liklapicha | |
| ꯌꯥꯢꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯌꯥꯏꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯌꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯌꯥꯏꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ | Yaipi Leima | Goddess of souls |
| ꯊꯣꯡꯉꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯊꯣꯪꯉꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ | Thongak Leima | Gatekeeper goddess of the door of the death |
| ꯁꯤꯇꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ | - | Sitanupi | |
| ꯆꯂꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯆꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ | Chalang Leima (Charang Leima) | |
| ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯢꯄꯤ | ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯏꯕꯤ, ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯢꯕꯤ, ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯏꯄꯤ | Pithaipi | Giver Goddess |
| ꯈꯥꯡꯇꯂꯥꯢꯄꯤ | ꯈꯣꯡꯇꯂꯥꯏꯄꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯕꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯤ | Khongtalaipi | |
| ꯁꯂꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯁꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ | Salik Leima (Sarik Leima) | |
| ꯈꯝꯄ ꯌꯥꯡꯇꯩ | ꯈꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯡꯗꯩ | Khampa Yangtei | |
| ꯅꯨꯡꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯂꯥꯎꯄꯤ | ꯅꯨꯡꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯂꯥꯎꯕꯤ | Nungkhong Nunglaopi | Goddess of stones |
| ꯄꯨꯛꯁꯂꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ | ꯄꯨꯛꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ | Pukhsali Leima |
Other websites
References
- ↑ http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Incarnations_of_Goddess_Nongthang_Leima_By_James_Oinam
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=q5eBAAAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU6p6XquzuAhVNAHIKHV0ZDdEQ6AEwA3oECAQQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=50BLAAAAYAAJ&q=Nongthang+Leima&dq=Nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjLiY22uM3uAhVk4HMBHRtxDQYQ6AEwAnoECAkQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uJUOAQAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7zsPsqezuAhWGdn0KHTmvCbQQ6AEwAXoECAEQAg
- ↑ http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Incarnations_of_Goddess_Nongthang_Leima_By_James_Oinam
- ↑ http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Incarnations_of_Goddess_Nongthang_Leima_By_James_Oinam
- ↑ http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.Land_of_Gods_and_Goddesses_Book_Review_By_James_Oinam
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=COCBAAAAMAAJ&q=panthoibi+goddess&dq=panthoibi+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp3ISTn-zuAhWWYisKHRy0Df4Q6AEwAXoECAMQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=izhuAAAAMAAJ&q=panthoibi+goddess&dq=panthoibi+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz1oLZn-zuAhUW_XMBHXUwA50Q6AEwA3oECAAQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&id=ZF9uAAAAMAAJ&dq=panthoibi&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=panthoibi+war
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=M0QKAAAAIAAJ&dq=thumleima&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=+Noinu+thumleima+salt+wells
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&pg=PA14&dq=thumleima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4qJP50fPuAhVVU30KHUL4AQwQ6AEwAnoECAIQAw#v=snippet&q=thumleima%20salt&f=false
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gxqeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64&dq=thumleima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj2mdWVwK_uAhXijeYKHXyfDI4Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=thumleima&f=false
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAXoECAYQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAHoECAUQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&pg=PA14&dq=ngareima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixhdq8va_uAhWU6nMBHdc0A3EQ6AEwAHoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=ngareima&f=false
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vDduAAAAMAAJ&q=phouoibi+warol&dq=phouoibi+warol&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiJsNuB7uTuAhWFX30KHTtBBvEQ6AEwA3oECAIQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=yyQoAQAAMAAJ&q=phoureima&dq=phoureima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU0Pbbwq_uAhWRj-YKHZOdBkAQ6AEwAHoECAQQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=9sljAAAAMAAJ&q=phouoibi&dq=phouoibi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhq9ulwq_uAhU28HMBHVhDCoIQ6AEwA3oECAYQAg
- ↑ https://books.google.co.in/books?id=c276DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT137&dq=phouoibi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhq9ulwq_uAhU28HMBHVhDCoIQ6AEwAnoECAEQAg#v=onepage&q=phouoibi&f=false
- ↑ http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Manipur_and_Religion.A_Hymn_for_Goddess_Emoinu
- ↑ https://m.telegraphindia.com/states/north-east/meiteis-celebrate-emoinu/cid/1627030
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