Chitrangada Mori

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Chitrangada Mori was a ruler from the Mori clan of Mauryans who laid the foundation of the fort of Chittorgarh, which is the largest fort in India.[1][2][3][4][5] Chitrang Mori was born in Chauth ka Barwada, Sawai Madhopur.

Chittorgarh fort, which was founded by Chitrang Mori

Chitrang had his capital at Chittorgarh.[6] He reigned in the 8th century AD, along with the rise of Gurjar Pratihara dynasty in the region. The ruins of his palace still are present today.[7] Chittorgarh was then known as Chitrakot, which changed to Chittorgarh in colloquial language.[6]

Government ASI board installed at Chittorgarh fort recognizes Moris clan as a branch of Mauryan lineage

Chitrang Mori was possibly succeeded by Bappa Rawal , The ruler of Guhila dynasty after several conflicts with Arabs[8]

Chittor developed as a power centre in the 7th century CE under the Mauryan branch of Rajasthan (also called as Mori Rajputs).[9] It is important to note that Maurya (मौर्य) of Sanskrit language is same as Moriya (मोरिया or मोरिय) of Pali[10] and other Prakrit languages, which in turn changes to Mori in local dialects of Rajasthan.[citation needed] Chitrangada Mori, one of the earliest kings in the line of Mori Rajputs, is reported to have built the fort of Chittor as well as the Chitrangada tank .[11][better source needed] This is further supported by the fact that the lines 102–105 in the second stone of the Kumbhalgarh inscription (1460 CE) contains an account of Chitrangada Mori's construction of the Chitrangada lake, with exquisite palaces on its sides .[12][13]

The ruined palace of Chitrangada Mori is still to be seen to the south of Padmini Palace. Sankshipta Kumarapala-charita,[14] the earliest manuscript of which is dated 1328 CE, describes Shambhalish, a ruler of Kannauj who killed the Maurya monarch Chitrangada and conquered his fort, only to return it to the dead Maurya king's son (named Varahagupta) some years later .[15] According to Dasharatha Sharma, this could refer to a defeat of the Mauryas by a Chauhan general fighting as a feudatory-chief on behalf of his Imperial Pratihara overlord-king, if “Shambhalish” is equated with Shambharish (i.e., Lord of Shakambhari, meaning a Chauhan prince .[16] Maan Mori or Raja Maan Maurya is said to be the last ruler of his dynasty who got constructed Mansarowar lake at Chittor.[17][18]

Origin

Archeological Survey of India[19] confirms that Mori clan belong to ancient Mauryan dynasty lineage.[20][21] Jain text Kumarapala Prabandha claim about Mori lineage from the Mauryan King Samprati.[22]

The Kansawa Inscription of King Dhaval Mori which was installed by his Brahmin Governor play an important role in identifying the origin of Moris.

(Kanswa Inscription[23]):

५ भूभृतां इ दूर-अभ्यगत-वाहिनी-परिकरो रत्न-प्रकार्-[ज*]ज्वलः श्रीमान्। इत्थम्-अदार-सागर-समो मौर्य-अन्वयो दृश्यते ॥ दिज्ञागा इव जात्य-सम्भृत-मुदो दान-०[ज*]ज्वलैर्-आननैर्->विस्र(श्र)म्भेन रमन्त्य्-अभीत-मनसो मान्-उद्धुरास्-सर्वतः। सद्वंशत्व-वस-प्रसिद्ध-यससो यस्मिन् प्रसिद्ध गुणैः श्लाघ्या भद्रतया॥

६ छ सत्त्व-बहुल-ब पक्षैस्-ससम् (मम्) भूभृतः इत्थम् भवत्सु भुपेषु भुम्जत्सु सकलां महीम् धवल-आत्मा नृपस्-तत्त्र यससा धवलो-भवत् ॥ कय्-आदि-प्रकत्-आर्जितैर्-अहर्-अह[ब*] स्वैर्-एव दोषैः सदा निर्व्वस्त्रा[*] सतत-क्षुध[ह*] प्रति-दिनम् स्पष्टीभवय् (द)-यातनाः। रात्रि-सरिचरना भृसं पर-गृहेष्व्=इत्थम् विजित्य=आरयोः येन् आद्य== आपि नरेन्द्र-

Translation (in English):

(L. 5).-The rulers (born) in this Mauryan race , like the elephants of the quarters, filling the noble with joy by (their) faces bright with generosity (as with rutting-juice) together with their adherents confidently take delight everywhere, undaunted of mind (and) exulting in (their) pride, of known renown on account of (their) good lineage (and) known for (their) virtues, praiseworthy for probity and full of energy.

(L. 6).-Among these kings, who were such (and) who ruled the whole earth, there was a prince who, Dhavala as he was, was dazzling by (his) fame. For their own sins, which day by day they always openly brought on themselves by their bodies and so forth, he defeated (his) enemies and reduced the wretches to such a state that, like evil spirits, naked (and) ever famishing (and thus) day by day revealing the punishment (meted out to them, and) again and again wandering at night to strangers' houses, they even now are kings.49

Rajavilasa of Maan Kavi,[24] composed during the reign of Maharana Raj Singh-I (1652–80), also mentions the legend of Chitrangada Mori constructing the fort of Chitrakuta (Chittorgarh) and further compares him to Raghu of Suryavansha .

चित्रकोट गढ़ चारु, मंडि चित्रांगद मोरिय।

रघू करत तहॅं राज, ढाहि अरिजन ढंढोरिय॥[25]

The Medieval Mauryas claimed the Suryavanshi lineage, as evident from various inscriptions and traditions. The very starting verse of the Waghli inscription (1069 CE) of the Mauryan branch of Khandesh[9] describes their origin from the solar race and tells us that from Mandhatri (of the solar race) sprang the Maurya family.[26]

See also

References

  1. ↑ समदानी, सत्यनारायण. मुनि जिनविजय. OCLC 989811493.
  2. ↑ Basu, Anjana (9 November 2016). "Chitrangada". Gitanjali & Beyond. 1 (1): 169. doi:10.14297/gnb.1.1.169-177. ISSN 2399-8733.
  3. ↑ अधिकारी Adhikari, बालाकृष्ण Balakrishna (20 December 2019). "नेपाली साहित्यको संक्षिप्त इतिहास मा इतिहास चेतनायुक्त विचारधारा Nepali Sahityako Samkshipta Itihasma Itihas Chetanayukta Bichardhara". Tribhuvan University Journal. 33 (2): 203–222. doi:10.3126/tuj.v33i2.33648. ISSN 2091-0916.
  4. ↑ भटनागर, राजेंद्रमोहन (2014). मौर्य सम्राट : चंद्रगुप्त मौर्य-चाणक्य पर आधारित ऐतिहासिक उपन्यास. ISBN 978-93-5072-453-8. OCLC 1102208005.
  5. ↑ Johannes., Israel, Samuel. Sinclair, Toby. Hoefer, Hans (1988). Rajsthan. APA Publications. ISBN 0-245-54521-2. OCLC 1158716667.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Gupta, N. L.; Maroo, R. L. (1991). Challenge of Wastelands Utilisation: Issues and Themes. Academic Publishers. p. 14.
  7. ↑ Mehta, Fateh Lal (1888). Handbook of Meywar and Guide to Its Principal Objects of Interest. University of Minnesota. p. 4.
  8. ↑ Shyam Manohar Mishra (1977). Yaśovarman of Kanauj. Abhinav. OCLC 557679616.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Parmar, Vikrant (1 January 2022). "The Medieval Mauryas: A forgotten dynasty in Medieval History". Pragyata.
  10. ↑ www.wisdomlib.org (12 April 2009). "Moriya, Moriyā: 2 definitions". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  11. ↑ swantour (12 February 2019). "Chittorgarh Fort (Complete Guide) History, Timings – Swan Tours". Swan Tours - Travel Experiences, Popular Places & Explore World. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  12. ↑ "Kumbhalgarh Fort « Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  13. ↑ Sharma, G. N. (1951). "The Fragmentary Second Slab of Kumbhalgarh Inscription V.s. 1517". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 14: 367–372. ISSN 2249-1937.
  14. ↑ Pruthi, Raj Kumar; Pruthi, Raj (2004). Prehistory and Harappan Civilization. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7648-581-4.
  15. ↑ "VedaPurana | Hindu Encyclopedia". vedapurana.org. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  16. ↑ "Chahamans or Chauhanas of Shakambhari". Jagranjosh.com. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  17. ↑ "Source of History of Rajasthan Detailed - Your Exam Guide". 23 February 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  18. ↑ "राजा मान मोरी Raja Maan Mori- जिन्हें बप्पा रावल ने धोखे से मारा? - History in Hindi". 29 May 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  19. ↑ "Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  20. ↑ "CHITTAURGARH FORT | ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA JAIPUR CIRCLE". www.asijaipurcircle.nic.in. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  21. ↑ "Chittaurgarh Fort « Archaeological Survey of India". asi.nic.in. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  22. ↑ Singh, Sanjeev. "Maurya Empire: Samrat Ashok's Kshatriya lineage explained". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  23. ↑ Thakurdas (1914). Shri Bharat Varsiya Digamber Jain Directory.
  24. ↑ OpenLibrary.org. "Kavi Man". Open Library. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
  25. ↑ Bhagwaandeen (1929). Rajvilash.
  26. ↑ Parmar, Vikrant (21 March 2022). "The Mauryas of the medieval period: A rough sketch - Pragyata". Retrieved 26 July 2023.
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