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{{Short description|Local civic body in Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India}} | |||
{{More citations needed|date=August 2021}} | {{More citations needed|date=August 2021}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}} | ||
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{{Infobox legislature | {{Infobox legislature | ||
| name = Kadapa Municipal Corporation | | name = Kadapa Municipal Corporation | ||
| coa_pic = File:Kadapa_Municipal_Corporation_Logo.jpg | | coa_pic = File:Kadapa_Municipal_Corporation_Logo.jpg | ||
| coa_res = 250px | | coa_res = 250px | ||
| coa_alt = | | coa_alt = | ||
| coa_caption = | | coa_caption = | ||
| house_type = Municipal Corporation | | house_type = Municipal Corporation | ||
| body = Kadapa | | body = Kadapa | ||
| foundation = 2005 | |||
| houses = | | houses = | ||
| party1 = | | party1 = | ||
| election1 = | | election1 = | ||
| leader1_type = [[Mayor]] | | leader1_type = [[Mayor]] | ||
| leader1 = | | leader1 = ''Vacant'' (since 18 March 2026) | ||
| leader2_type = [[Deputy Mayor]] | | leader2_type = [[Deputy Mayor]] | ||
| leader2 = | | leader2 = ''Vacant'' (since 18 March 2026) | ||
| leader3_type = [[Municipal commissioner]] | | leader3_type = [[Municipal commissioner]] | ||
| leader3 = S | | leader3 = Sri G.Surya Sai Praveenchand I.A.S | ||
| members = | | members = | ||
| house1 = | | house1 = | ||
| house2 = | | house2 = | ||
| structure1 = India_Kadapa Municipal Corporation_2021.svg | <!--| structure1 = India_Kadapa Municipal Corporation_2021.svg--> | ||
| structure1_res = | | structure1_res = 250px | ||
| structure2 = | | structure2 = | ||
| structure2_res = | | structure2_res = | ||
| seats = '''50''' | | seats = '''50''' | ||
| political_groups1 = | <!--| political_groups1 = | ||
'''Government (49)''' | '''Government (49)''' | ||
*{{ | *{{color box|#1569C7}} [[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]] (48) | ||
*{{Color box|#757575}} [[Independent Politician|IND]] (1) | *{{Color box|#757575}} [[Independent Politician|IND]] (1) | ||
'''Opposition (1)''' | '''Opposition (1)''' | ||
*{{ | *{{color box|#FFFF00}} [[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]] (1)--> | ||
| political_groups2 = | | political_groups2 = | ||
| committees1 = | | committees1 = | ||
| Line 44: | Line 40: | ||
| voting_system1 = | | voting_system1 = | ||
| voting_system2 = | | voting_system2 = | ||
| last_election1 = [[2021 | | last_election1 = [[2021 Andhra Pradesh urban local bodies elections|10 March 2021]] | ||
| | | next_election1 = ''TBH'' | ||
| session_room = | | session_room = | ||
| session_res = | | session_res = | ||
| meeting_place = | | meeting_place = | ||
| website = {{URL|https:/ | | website = {{URL|https://kmc.ap.gov.in/|Kadapa Municipal Corporation}} | ||
| footnotes = | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kadapa Municipal Corporation''' | '''Kadapa Municipal Corporation''' is the civic body that governs the city of [[Kadapa]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is one of the oldest Municipalities of the state, constituted in the year 1868 and was upgraded to Corporation in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title=Brief about Kadapa Municipal Corporation|url=http://www.kadapamunicipalcorporation.org/|website=Kadapa Municipal Corporation|access-date=12 February 2016}}</ref> Its jurisdiction encompasses an area of 164.08 km2 (63.35 sq mi). Established in the year 2004, the executive power of the corporation is vested in the [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]], appointed by the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] which is currently held by Sri G. Surya Sai Praveenchand. The newly constituted general body elected Sri Kothamaddi Suresh Babu as mayor, Smt. Syed Mumthaj Begam as deputy mayor and Sri Bandi Nityananda Reddy as second deputy mayor in March 2021. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
[[Kadapa]] is one of the oldest | [[Kadapa]] is one of the oldest municipalities in the [[Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is located in the [[Rayalaseema]] region, and is the district headquarters of [[Kadapa district]]. It was constituted as a ''III–Grade'' municipality in 1868. It was then upgraded to ''II–Grade'' in 1958 and ''Special Grade'' in 1980. It covers an area of 6.84 km<sup>2</sup>. It was upgraded as [[Municipal Corporation]] on 17 November 2004<ref name="stats">{{cite web|title=Kadapa Municipal Corporation at a Glance|url=http://www.kadapamunicipalcorporation.org/images/kadapabasicinformation.pdf|website=Kadapa Municipal Corporation|access-date=12 February 2016|archive-date=24 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224192452/http://www.kadapamunicipalcorporation.org/images/kadapabasicinformation.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> vide G.O.Ms.No.481, dated : 17.11.2004 with an area of 91.05 km<sup>2</sup>. subsequently vide G.O.Ms.No.125, dated : 17.03.2005 and G.O.Ms.No.89, MA, dated : 30.05.2006 the area of corporation was increased to 164.08 km2 (63.35 sq mi) by merging surrounding gram panchayat. The [[Population (human biology)|population]] of the city in the [[2001 Census of India]] was (2,87,093) and the approximate population in the [[2011 Census of India]] was 3,44,078. | ||
==Jurisdiction== | ==Jurisdiction== | ||
The municipal corporation has an area of {{convert|164.08|km2}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KADAPA/|title= | The municipal corporation has an area of {{convert|164.08|km2}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KADAPA/|title=Kadapa Municipal Corporation|website=cdma.ap.gov.in|access-date=24 October 2014}}</ref> | ||
== Civic administration == | ==List of Mayors== | ||
The area of Kadapa Municipal Corporation is {{convert|164.08|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}. The | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
|+ | |||
!rowspan=2 |Sno. | |||
!rowspan=2 |Mayor | |||
!rowspan=2 |DY Mayor | |||
!colspan=3 |Tenure | |||
!rowspan=2 colspan=2 |Political Party | |||
!rowspan=2 |Election | |||
!rowspan=2 |Ref. | |||
|- | |||
!Took office | |||
!Left office | |||
!Duration | |||
|- | |||
!1 | |||
|[[Pochimareddy Ravindranath Reddy]] | |||
| | |||
|2005 | |||
|2010 | |||
|5 years | |||
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2 |2 | |||
|rowspan=2 |Kothamaddi Sureshbabu | |||
|B.Arifulla | |||
|2014 | |||
|2019 | |||
|5 years | |||
|{{Full party name with color|YSR Congress Party|rowspan=2}} | |||
|[[2014 Andhra Pradesh urban local bodies elections|2014]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|rowspan=2 |1.Bandi Nityanandareddy <br /> 2.Sd.Mumthajbegam | |||
|2021 | |||
|2025 | |||
|4.8 years | |||
|[[2021 Andhra Pradesh municipal elections|2021]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!3 | |||
|Paka Suresh | |||
|2025 | |||
|2026 | |||
| | |||
|{{Full party name with color|YSR Congress Party}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
===2021 elections=== | |||
{|CLASS="sortable wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan=2|Party name | |||
!Symbol | |||
!Won | |||
!Change | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="{{party color|YSR Congress Party}}"| | |||
|[[YSR Congress Party]] | |||
|[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Ceiling Fan.svg|105px]] | |||
|48 | |||
|{{no change}} | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}"| | |||
|[[Telugu Desam Party]] | |||
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|55px]] | |||
|1 | |||
|{{no change}} | |||
|- | |||
|bgcolor="{{party color|Jana Sena Party}}"| | |||
|[[Jana Sena Party]] | |||
|[[File:Indian_election_symbol_glass_tumbler.svg|45px]] | |||
|1 | |||
|{{no change}} | |||
|} | |||
==Civic administration== | |||
The area of Kadapa Municipal Corporation is {{convert|164.08|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}. The corporation is administered by an elected body headed by the Mayor. The corporation population as per the 2011 census was 3,44,078. The present commissioner of the corporation is G.Surya Sai Praveenchand I.A.S. and the mayor is Kothamaddi Suresh Babu.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kadapamunicipalcorporation.org/ |title=Home |website=kadapamunicipalcorporation.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/ysrcs-suresh-babu-is-kadapa-mayor/article6175657.ece|title=YSRC's Suresh Babu is Kadapa Mayor|author=Special Correspondent|work=The Hindu|date=4 July 2014|access-date=24 October 2014}}</ref> | |||
==Public services== | |||
The Kadapa Municipal Corporation provides drinking water to the public and its [[per capita]] water supply per day is 120 LPCD. It has 3 [[public parks]], [[secondary schools]], [[elementary schools]] and many other services including [[colleges]], playgrounds etc.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cdma.ap.gov.in/KADAPA/Public%20services_amenities.html|title=Kadapa Municipal Corporation|website=cdma.ap.gov.in|access-date=24 October 2014}}</ref> | |||
==Functions== | |||
Kadapa Municipal Corporation is created for the following functions:<ref name="Ka9">{{cite news |title=Municipal Corporation - Functions, Roles, Members Qualification and Term |url=https://www.elections.in/government/municipal-corporation-in-india.html |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.elections.in}}</ref><ref name="Ka10">{{cite news |title=Good municipal governance key to improve quality of life {{!}} Pune News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/good-municipal-governance-key-to-improve-quality-of-life/articleshow/57320746.cms |access-date=18 May 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=24 February 2017 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
* Planning for the town including its surroundings which are covered under its Department's Urban Planning Authority . | |||
* Approving construction of new buildings and authorising use of land for various purposes. | |||
* Improvement of the town's economic and Social status. | |||
* Arrangements of water supply towards commercial, residential and industrial purposes. | |||
* Planning for fire contingencies through Fire Service Departments. | |||
* Creation of solid waste management, public health system and sanitary services. | |||
* Working for the development of ecological aspect like development of Urban Forestry and making guidelines for environmental protection. | |||
* Working for the development of weaker sections of the society like mentally and physically handicapped, old age and gender biased people. | |||
* Making efforts for improvement of slums and poverty removal in the town. | |||
==Revenue sources== | |||
The following are the Income sources for the corporation from the Central and State Government.<ref name="Ka11">{{cite news |last1=Jadhav |first1=Radheshyam |title=Why civic bodies in India need municipal bonds |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/why-civic-bodies-in-india-need-municipal-bonds/article33237962.ece |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.thehindubusinessline.com |date=3 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ka12">{{cite news |title=Municipal corporations under severe strain as revenues sink: RBI Report |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy/story/municipal-corporations-under-severe-strain-as-revenues-sink-rbi-report-314215-2021-12-02 |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Business Today |date=2 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ka13">{{cite news |title=If cities are to deliver better quality life, need to have business models which are sustainable |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/if-cities-are-to-deliver-better-quality-life-need-to-have-business-models-which-are-sustainable/642276/ |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Financialexpress |date=17 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> | |||
===Revenue from taxes=== | |||
Following is the Tax related revenue for the corporation. | |||
* Property tax. | |||
* Profession tax. | |||
* Entertainment tax. | |||
* Grants from Central and State Government like Goods and Services Tax. | |||
* Advertisement tax. | |||
===Revenue from non-tax sources=== | |||
Following is the Non Tax related revenue for the corporation. | |||
* Water usage charges. | |||
* Fees from Documentation services. | |||
* Rent received from municipal property. | |||
* Funds from municipal bonds. | |||
== | ==Kadapa Municipal Elections== | ||
=== 2021 Ordinary Elections === | ===2021 Ordinary Elections=== | ||
After 2014, third Kadapa Municipal Corporation | After 2014, third Kadapa Municipal Corporation elections were held in March 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/140321/ysrc-wave-all-the-way.html|title=AP Municipal election results: YSRC wave all the way|date=15 March 2021}}</ref> | ||
{|CLASS="sortable wikitable" | {|CLASS="sortable wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
|bgcolor="{{YSR Congress Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|YSR Congress Party}}"| | ||
|[[YSR Congress Party]] | |[[YSR Congress Party]] | ||
|[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Ceiling Fan.svg|105px]] | |[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Ceiling Fan.svg|105px]] | ||
| Line 88: | Line 201: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 | |2 | ||
|bgcolor="{{Telugu Desam Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}"| | ||
|[[Telugu Desam Party]] | |[[Telugu Desam Party]] | ||
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|55px]] | |[[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|55px]] | ||
| Line 102: | Line 215: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4 | |4 | ||
|bgcolor="{{Jana Sena Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|Jana Sena Party}}"| | ||
|[[Jana Sena Party]] | |[[Jana Sena Party]] | ||
|[[File:Indian_election_symbol_glass_tumbler.svg|45px]] | |[[File:Indian_election_symbol_glass_tumbler.svg|45px]] | ||
| Line 109: | Line 222: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5 | |5 | ||
|bgcolor="{{Bharatiya Janata Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| | ||
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | ||
|[[File:BJP election symbol.png|50px]] | |[[File:BJP election symbol.png|50px]] | ||
| Line 117: | Line 230: | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== 2014 Ordinary Elections === | ===2014 Ordinary Elections=== | ||
The second Kadapa Municipal Corporation elections were conduced in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/ysrcs-suresh-babu-is-kadapa-mayor/article6175657.ece|title=YSRC's Suresh Babu is Kadapa Mayor|author=Special Correspondent|work=The Hindu|date=4 July 2014|access-date=24 October 2014}}</ref> | |||
{|CLASS="sortable wikitable" | {|CLASS="sortable wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|1 | |1 | ||
|bgcolor="{{YSR Congress Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|YSR Congress Party}}"| | ||
|[[YSR Congress Party]] | |[[YSR Congress Party]] | ||
|[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Ceiling Fan.svg|105px]] | |[[File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Ceiling Fan.svg|105px]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|2 | |2 | ||
|bgcolor="{{Telugu Desam Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}"| | ||
|[[Telugu Desam Party]] | |[[Telugu Desam Party]] | ||
|[[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|55px]] | |[[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|55px]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|3 | |3 | ||
|bgcolor="{{Bharatiya Janata Party | |bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"| | ||
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | ||
|[[File:BJP election symbol.png|50px]] | |[[File:BJP election symbol.png|50px]] | ||
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[[Category:Kadapa]] | [[Category:Kadapa]] | ||
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Andhra Pradesh]] | [[Category:Municipal corporations in Andhra Pradesh]] | ||
[[Category:2004 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]] | [[Category:2004 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:36, 25 April 2026
This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2021) |
Kadapa Municipal Corporation | |
|---|---|
![]() | |
| Type | |
| Type | of the Kadapa |
| History | |
| Founded | 2005 |
| Leadership | |
Vacant (since 18 March 2026) | |
Vacant (since 18 March 2026) | |
Sri G.Surya Sai Praveenchand I.A.S | |
| Seats | 50 |
| Elections | |
Last election | 10 March 2021 |
Next election | TBH |
| Website | |
| Kadapa Municipal Corporation | |
Kadapa Municipal Corporation is the civic body that governs the city of Kadapa in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the oldest Municipalities of the state, constituted in the year 1868 and was upgraded to Corporation in 2004.[1] Its jurisdiction encompasses an area of 164.08 km2 (63.35 sq mi). Established in the year 2004, the executive power of the corporation is vested in the Municipal Commissioner, appointed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh which is currently held by Sri G. Surya Sai Praveenchand. The newly constituted general body elected Sri Kothamaddi Suresh Babu as mayor, Smt. Syed Mumthaj Begam as deputy mayor and Sri Bandi Nityananda Reddy as second deputy mayor in March 2021.
History[edit | edit source]
Kadapa is one of the oldest municipalities in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in the Rayalaseema region, and is the district headquarters of Kadapa district. It was constituted as a III–Grade municipality in 1868. It was then upgraded to II–Grade in 1958 and Special Grade in 1980. It covers an area of 6.84 km2. It was upgraded as Municipal Corporation on 17 November 2004[2] vide G.O.Ms.No.481, dated : 17.11.2004 with an area of 91.05 km2. subsequently vide G.O.Ms.No.125, dated : 17.03.2005 and G.O.Ms.No.89, MA, dated : 30.05.2006 the area of corporation was increased to 164.08 km2 (63.35 sq mi) by merging surrounding gram panchayat. The population of the city in the 2001 Census of India was (2,87,093) and the approximate population in the 2011 Census of India was 3,44,078.
Jurisdiction[edit | edit source]
The municipal corporation has an area of 164.08 square kilometres (63.35 sq mi).[3]
List of Mayors[edit | edit source]
| Sno. | Mayor | DY Mayor | Tenure | Political Party | Election | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Duration | |||||||
| 1 | Pochimareddy Ravindranath Reddy | 2005 | 2010 | 5 years | Indian National Congress | ||||
| 2 | Kothamaddi Sureshbabu | B.Arifulla | 2014 | 2019 | 5 years | YSR Congress Party | 2014 | ||
| 1.Bandi Nityanandareddy 2.Sd.Mumthajbegam |
2021 | 2025 | 4.8 years | 2021 | |||||
| 3 | Paka Suresh | 2025 | 2026 | YSR Congress Party | |||||
2021 elections[edit | edit source]
| Party name | Symbol | Won | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| YSR Congress Party | 48 | Template:No change | ||
| Telugu Desam Party |
|
1 | Template:No change | |
| Jana Sena Party | 1 | Template:No change | ||
Civic administration[edit | edit source]
The area of Kadapa Municipal Corporation is 164.08 km2 (63.35 sq mi). The corporation is administered by an elected body headed by the Mayor. The corporation population as per the 2011 census was 3,44,078. The present commissioner of the corporation is G.Surya Sai Praveenchand I.A.S. and the mayor is Kothamaddi Suresh Babu.[4][5]
Public services[edit | edit source]
The Kadapa Municipal Corporation provides drinking water to the public and its per capita water supply per day is 120 LPCD. It has 3 public parks, secondary schools, elementary schools and many other services including colleges, playgrounds etc.[6]
Functions[edit | edit source]
Kadapa Municipal Corporation is created for the following functions:[7][8]
- Planning for the town including its surroundings which are covered under its Department's Urban Planning Authority .
- Approving construction of new buildings and authorising use of land for various purposes.
- Improvement of the town's economic and Social status.
- Arrangements of water supply towards commercial, residential and industrial purposes.
- Planning for fire contingencies through Fire Service Departments.
- Creation of solid waste management, public health system and sanitary services.
- Working for the development of ecological aspect like development of Urban Forestry and making guidelines for environmental protection.
- Working for the development of weaker sections of the society like mentally and physically handicapped, old age and gender biased people.
- Making efforts for improvement of slums and poverty removal in the town.
Revenue sources[edit | edit source]
The following are the Income sources for the corporation from the Central and State Government.[9][10][11]
Revenue from taxes[edit | edit source]
Following is the Tax related revenue for the corporation.
- Property tax.
- Profession tax.
- Entertainment tax.
- Grants from Central and State Government like Goods and Services Tax.
- Advertisement tax.
Revenue from non-tax sources[edit | edit source]
Following is the Non Tax related revenue for the corporation.
- Water usage charges.
- Fees from Documentation services.
- Rent received from municipal property.
- Funds from municipal bonds.
Kadapa Municipal Elections[edit | edit source]
2021 Ordinary Elections[edit | edit source]
After 2014, third Kadapa Municipal Corporation elections were held in March 2021.[12]
| S.No. | Party Name | Symbol | Won | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | YSR Congress Party | 48 | |||
| 2 | Telugu Desam Party |
|
1 | ||
| 3 | Independents | 1 | Template:No change | ||
| 4 | Jana Sena Party | 0 | Template:No change | ||
| 5 | Bharatiya Janata Party | 0 | Template:No change | ||
2014 Ordinary Elections[edit | edit source]
The second Kadapa Municipal Corporation elections were conduced in 2014.[13]
| S.No. | Party Name | Symbol | Won | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | YSR Congress Party | 42 | Template:No change | ||
| 2 | Telugu Desam Party |
|
8 | Template:No change | |
| 3 | Bharatiya Janata Party | 0 | Template:No change | ||
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Brief about Kadapa Municipal Corporation". Kadapa Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
- ↑ "Kadapa Municipal Corporation at a Glance" (PDF). Kadapa Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
- ↑ "Kadapa Municipal Corporation". cdma.ap.gov.in. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ↑ "Home". kadapamunicipalcorporation.org.
- ↑ Special Correspondent (4 July 2014). "YSRC's Suresh Babu is Kadapa Mayor". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
{{cite news}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ↑ "Kadapa Municipal Corporation". cdma.ap.gov.in. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ↑ "Municipal Corporation - Functions, Roles, Members Qualification and Term". www.elections.in. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ↑ "Good municipal governance key to improve quality of life | Pune News - Times of India". The Times of India. 24 February 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ↑ Jadhav, Radheshyam (3 December 2020). "Why civic bodies in India need municipal bonds". www.thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ↑ "Municipal corporations under severe strain as revenues sink: RBI Report". Business Today. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ↑ "If cities are to deliver better quality life, need to have business models which are sustainable". Financialexpress. 17 May 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
- ↑ "AP Municipal election results: YSRC wave all the way". 15 March 2021.
- ↑ Special Correspondent (4 July 2014). "YSRC's Suresh Babu is Kadapa Mayor". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
{{cite news}}:|author=has generic name (help)

