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| {{Indo-Persian royal and noble ranks}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Bey]] {{R from merge}} |
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| '''Baig''', also commonly spelled '''Beigh,''' '''Beg''', '''Bey''', '''Baeg''' or '''Begh''' ([[Persian language|Persian]]: بیگ, ''Bay'', [[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''[[Bey]]'') was a title which is today used as a name to identify lineage. It means ''Chief'' or ''Commander'' and is common in [[Turkey]], [[Iran]], the [[Caucasus]], [[Central Asia]], [[South Asia]] and [[Southeastern Europe]] and among their respective diaspora.
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| == Etymology ==
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| The origin of beg is still disputed, though it is mostly agreed that it is a loan-word. Two principal etymologies have been proposed. The first etymology is from a Middle Iranian form of Old Iranian ''[[Bhaga|baga]]''; though the meaning would fit since the Middle Persian forms of the word often mean “lord,” used of the king or others. The second etymology is from Chinese ''po'' “eldest (brother), (feudal) lord”. [[Gerhard Doerfer]] seriously considers the possibility that the word is genuinely Turkish. Whatever the truth may be, there is no connection with Turkish berk, Mongolian berke “strong” or Turkish bögü, Mongolian böge “wizard, shaman.”<ref>http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/beg-pers</ref><ref>http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baga-an-old-iranian-term-for-god-sometimes-designating-a-specific-god</ref>
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| Baig and Beg was also subsequently used as a military rank in the [[Ottoman Empire]].{{NoteTag|For more info please refer article: ''([[Bey]])''}}
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| It was also used during the Qing dynasty in China. When the [[Qing dynasty]] ruled [[Xinjiang]], it permitted the Turkic Begs in the [[Altishahr]] region to maintain their previous status, and they administered the area for the Qing as officials.<ref>{{cite book |title = Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism Along China's Silk Road |first1=Justin Jon |last1=Rudelson|first2=Justin Ben-Adam |last2=Rudelson |edition=illustrated |year = 1997 |publisher=Columbia University Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MT2D_0_eBPQC&pg=PA31 |page=31 |isbn=0231107862 |access-date=24 April 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title = Xinjiang and China's Rise in Central Asia – A History |first=Michael E. |last=Clarke|year=2011|publisher=Taylor & Francis |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jRhHphtBg-QC&pg=PA20 |page=20 |isbn=978-1136827068 |access-date=10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang|first=James A.|last=Millward|edition=illustrated|year=2007|publisher=Columbia University Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA101 |page=101|isbn=978-0231139243 |access-date=10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title = Empire at the Margins: Culture, Ethnicity, and Frontier in Early Modern China |editor1-first=Pamela Kyle |editor1-last=Crossley|editor2-first=Helen F.|editor2-last=Siu|editor3-first=Donald S. |editor3-last=Sutton |volume = Volume 28 |series = Studies on China |edition=illustrated |year=2006 |publisher=University of California Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EtNVMUx9qIIC&pg=PA121 |page=121 |isbn=0520230159 |access-date=10 March 2014 |ref = {{harvid}} }}</ref> High-ranking Begs were allowed to wear the [[Queue (hairstyle)|Queue]].<ref>{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MC6sAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA204 |title = Beyond the pass: economy, ethnicity, and empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1864 |author=James A. Millward |year=1998|publisher=Stanford University Press|page=204|isbn=0-8047-2933-6|access-date=2010-11-28}}</ref>
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| ==Use as a name==
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| {{Unreferenced section|date=January 2016}}
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| For the [[Persian name|Persian]] use, it is common to see the name Beg added to the Persian suffix of '[[zada (suffix)|zada]]' (male), 'zadi' (female), which means 'son of' or 'daughter of'. For Example: Sohaib Begzada or Hira Begzadi.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}
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| For the [[Turkish name|Turkish]] use, it is most common to see the spelling Beg or Bey utilized. (Sometimes, it is used along with the title "Mirza", similar to the Mughal usage).{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}.
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| For the Mughal and Timurid dynasty use, the honorific title [[Mirza]] ({{lang-fa|مرزا}}) was added before the given name for all the males and 'Baig' ({{lang-fa|بیگ}}) for the males or [[Begum]] ({{lang-fa|بگوم}}) for the females, was added as a [[family name]]. For example: Mirza Sohaib Baig or Hira Begum. This was the historical naming convention for the descendants of the Mughal and Timurid dynasties, Today, however, it is common to see descendants of the Mughals and Timurids use Baig as a middle name and Mirza as the surname or vice versa. For example: Abdullah Baig Mirza or Abdullah Mirza Baig.
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| For the [[Slavic surnames|Slavic]] or [[Bosniak]] use, it is common to see the name Beg added to the Slavic suffix of 'ovic', 'ovich', which roughly means 'descendant of'. While the title "Beg" is not in use in Bosnia anymore, track of families of "Beg" descent is kept. But a surname containing "-begović" suffix in itself is not a clear indicator of descent. For example, there is a number of "Begović" families, some are of noble descent, some not. "Idrizbegović" would be another example of a non-noble family with the suffix. Some examples of "beg" families are: Šahbegović, Rizvanbegović, Šačirbegović. On the other hand, "Kukavica" is an example of a famous "beg" family, not containing the title in itself. The book by Enver Imamović "Porijeklo i pripadnost stanovništva Bosne i Hercegovine" details the origin of a big number of families in Bosnia and Herzegovina.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}
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| There are various other alternative spellings used today as well, such as: ''Begh'', ''Begg'', ''Beigh'', ''Beyg'', ''Bayg'', ''Bek'', ''Bik''.
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| == Notable Beighs/Begs/Beghs/Beys/Baigs ==
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| '''Afghanistan'''
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| *[[Abu Sa'id Mirza|Sultan Abu Sa'id Beg]]
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| *[[Mohammad Murad Beg]], [[Emir]] of [[Bokhara]]
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| *[[Mir Yar Beg]] and [[Mir Yar Beg Sahibzada]], [[Emir]] of [[Bokhara]]
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| '''Albania'''
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| *[[Skanderbeg]], Dominus Albaniae (lord of Albania)
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| '''Azerbaijan'''
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| *[[Mirza Adigozal Bey]], was an Azerbaijani historian of the 19th century.
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| *[[Miran Shah|Mirza Miran Shah Beg]], was a son of [[Timur|Mirza Timur Beg]], and a [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]] governor during his father's lifetime.
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| *[[Elbey Rzaguliyev|Elbey Mirza-Hasan oglu Rzaguliyev]], was an Azerbaijani Soviet artist and stage director, and father of artist Ayten Rzaguliyeva.
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| '''Bangladesh'''
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| * [[Agha Muhammad Reza|Mirza Agha Muhammad Reza Baig]] - [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] [[Shia Muslim]] immigrant living in the [[Sylhet region]] of [[Bengal]]. Claimed to be the [[Mahdi]] and [[twelfth imam]], engaged in battles against the [[East India Company]] and [[Kachari Kingdom]].
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| * [[Isfandiyar Beg]] - Mughal faujdar of Sylhet
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| '''Bosnia'''
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| *[[Alija Izetbegović]]
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| *[[Asmir Begović]]
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| *[[Isa-Beg Isaković]]
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| *[[Isak-Beg]]
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| *[[Gazi Husrev-beg]]
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| *[[Ali-paša Rizvanbegović]]
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| *[[Safvet beg Bašagić]]
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| *[[Turahan Bey]]
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| *[[Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey]]
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| '''Central Asia'''
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| * [[Shadi Beg]]
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| * [[Jani Beg]]
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| * [[Timur-Malik]]
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| * [[Temür Qutlugh]]
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| '''India'''
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| *[[Abbas Ali Baig]], Indian Test cricketer
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| *[[Agha (actor)|Aghajan Baig]], Indian comic actor
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| *[[Mahmud Begada]], Sultan of Gujarat
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| *[[Mirza Ghalib|Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan]]
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| *''Mirza'' [[Babur|Babur Beg]], the first Mughal emperor
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| *[[Akbar|Mirza Muhammad Akbar Beg]], He was the third and one of the greatest rulers of the [[Mughal Dynasty]] in India.
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| *[[Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur bin Baysonqor|Mirza Abul-Qasim Babur bin Baysonqor Beg]], was a [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]] ruler in Khurasan (1449–1457).
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| *Mirza Ishtiaq Beg, Chairman, Central Electricity Authority and ex-officio Secretary, Government of India (1939-2017)
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| *[[Mirza Mehboob Beg]], is an [[Indian politician]] belonging to [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]].He was elected to the [[15th Lok Sabha]] from [[Anantnag]].
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| *[[Mirza Farhatullah Baig]], was an Indian Urdu writer of humor and prose.
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| *[[Mirza Muhammed Baig Chishti Qalandari Hyderabadi]], He is renowned as a Sufi saint and great scholar of Hyderabad Deccan.
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| *[[Ibrahim Khan Fath-i-Jang|Mirza Ibrahim Beg]], was Subahdar of [[Bengal]] during the reign of emperor [[Jahangir|Jahangir Beg]].
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| *[[Wali Beg Zul-Qadr]], Soldier under [[Akbar|Akbar ''Mirza'']] [[Mughal Emperor]].
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| *[[Tardi Beg]], was a military commander in the 16th century in [[Mughal India]].
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| * [[Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg]] was the first [[Deputy Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]. He was the founder of [[All Jammu and Kashmir Plebiscite Front]].
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| '''Iran'''
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| *[[Ulugh Beg]]
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| *[[Sultan Ibrahim (Timurid)|Sultan Ibrahim ''Beg'']]
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| *[[Otar Beg]]
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| '''Kashgar'''
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| *[[Yaqub Beg]]
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| '''Pakistan'''
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| *[[Mirza Athar Baig]], author
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| *General [[Mirza Aslam Baig]], retired [[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)]]
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| *[[Adina Beg]], was the governor of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]] including [[Lahore]], [[Jalandhar]] and [[Multan]] from 1755 to 1758.
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| *[[Idrees Baig]], Test cricket umpire
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| *[[Mirza Aslam Baig]]
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| *[[Mirza Aziz Akbar Baig]]
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| *[[Mirza Iqbal Baig]] is a sports journalist and cricket commentator who currently works as a television show host.
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| *[[Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg]] was a Kashmiri politician and lieutenant of the late [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]].
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| *[[Mirza Nazeer Baig Mughal]] is an actor. He has acted in several films, telefilms, and TV drama serials.
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| *General [[Mohammad Abbas Baig]]
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| *[[Naeem Baig]] is a novelist and short-story writer, who has written articles, short stories, and novels in Urdu and English.
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| *[[Obaidullah Baig]] was a scholar, Urdu writer/novelist, columnist, media expert, and most notably a documentary filmmaker from Karachi.
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| *[[Rabiah Jamil Beg]] journalist
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| *[[Rafiuddin Raz|Mirza Rafiuddin 'Raz' Baig]] is a poet.
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| *[[Diana Baig]] international cricket and football player from Gilgit Baltistan
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| *[[Samina Baig]] only Pakistani woman to climb Mount Everest
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| '''Poland'''
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| *[[Naiman-Beg]]
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| '''Russia'''
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| *[[Mirza Kazem-Bey]], Muhammad Ali Kazim-bey, was a famous orientalist, historian, and philologist of Azeri and Iranian origin.
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| *[[Alexander Lvovich Kazembek]] (often spelled '''Kazem-Bek''' or '''Kasem-Beg'''), was a Russian émigré and political activist, and founder of the [[Mladorossi]] political group.
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| *[[Aleksander Sulkiewicz|Iskander Mirza Huzman Beg Sulkiewicz]], was a Polish politician of [[Tatar]] ethnicity, activist in socialist and independence movements and one of the co-founders of [[Polish Socialist Party]].
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| '''Sri Lanka'''
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| *[[Mohideen Baig]], was a popular Sri Lankan musician.
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| '''Turkey'''
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| * [[Osman Hamdi Bey|Sultan Osman-bey]],{{NoteTag|[[Beg (title)|Same surname beg, baig, bey]] / surname in part of [[Mirza]] and [[Ottoman Empire]] in Name '''[[Osman I]]'''}} [[Sultan]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]]
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| * [[Tugay Bey|Mirza Tugay Bey]], was a notable military leader and politician of the [[Crimean Tatars]].
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| '''United Kingdom'''
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| *[[Moazzam Begg]], activist
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| '''United States'''
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| *[[Ed Baig]], technology columnist
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| *[[Minhal Baig]], director
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| ==See also==
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| {{Div col}}
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| *[[Mirza]]
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| * [[Bey]]
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| * [[Begum]]
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| * [[Beylerbey]]
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| * [[Begzada]]
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| * [[Atabeg]]
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| * [[Dey]]
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| * [[Khagan Bek]]
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| * [[Skanderbeg]]
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| * [[Naiman-Beg]]
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| * [[Marzban]]
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| * [[Ban (title)|Ban]]
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| * [[Bai Baianai]]
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| * [[Anatolian beyliks]]
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| * [[Ottoman titles]]
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| {{Div col end}}
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| == Notes ==
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| {{NoteFoot}}
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| == References ==
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| === Citations ===
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| {{Reflist}}
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| === Sources ===
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| {{refbegin}}
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| * {{PD-old-text |title = Life among the Chinese: with characteristic sketches and incidents of missionary operations and prospects in China |year = 1861 |author = Robert Samuel Maclay }}
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| {{refend}}
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| {{surname|Baig}}
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| [[Category:Turkic culture]]
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| [[Category:Turkish titles]]
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| [[Category:Indian surnames]]
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| [[Category:Pakistani names]]
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| [[Category:Titles in Pakistan]]
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| [[Category:Titles in India]]
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| [[Category:Qing dynasty]]
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| [[Category:Royal titles]]
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| [[Category:Titles]]
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| [[Category:Noble titles]]
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| [[Category:Ottoman titles]]
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| [[Category:Military ranks]]
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| [[Category:Positions of subnational authority]]
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| [[Category:Titles of national or ethnic leadership]]
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| [[Category:Noble titles of Egypt]]
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| [[Category:Mughal nobility]]
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