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{{Short description|Bird sanctuary in Assam, India}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox protected area | {{Infobox protected area | ||
| name = Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary | | name = Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary | ||
| alt_name = | | alt_name = | ||
| iucn_category = | | iucn_category = IV | ||
| | | image = | ||
| | | image_alt = | ||
| | | image_caption = | ||
| | | image_size = | ||
| map = India Assam | | map = India Assam#India | ||
| map_alt = | | map_alt = | ||
| map_caption = Location of Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary in [[Assam]] | | map_caption = Location of Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary in [[Assam]] | ||
| map_width = | | map_width = | ||
| relief = 1 | |||
| mapframe = Yes | |||
| mapframe-zoom = 10 | |||
| location = [[Sivasagar district]], [[Assam]], [[India]] | | location = [[Sivasagar district]], [[Assam]], [[India]] | ||
| nearest_city = [[Sivasagar]] | | nearest_city = [[Sivasagar]] | ||
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| area = {{Convert|33.93|km2|abbr=on}} | | area = {{Convert|33.93|km2|abbr=on}} | ||
| established = 1996 | | established = 1996 | ||
| visitation_num = | | visitation_num = | ||
| visitation_year = | | visitation_year = | ||
| governing_body = Department of Environment & Forests, Assam | | governing_body = Department of Environment & Forests, Assam | ||
| url = | | url = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary''' ({{ | '''Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary''' ({{langx|as|পানী দিহিং অভয়াৰণ্য}}) is a {{Convert|33.93|km2|adj=on}} [[bird sanctuary]] located in [[Sivasagar district]], [[Assam]]. It is {{Convert| 22|km|abbr=on}} away from [[Sivasagar]] town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://online.assam.gov.in/wild-life-sanctuaries |title=Department of Environment & Forests (Government of Assam) |publisher=online.assam.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2013-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130708080502/http://online.assam.gov.in/wild-life-sanctuaries |archive-date=8 July 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This protected area was established as a Bird Sanctuary in August 1996 by the [[Government of Assam]].<ref name="yojana">{{cite journal|title=Panidihing–A Paradise of Birds North east diary|journal=Yojana|date=August 2013|url=http://yojana.gov.in/topstory_details.asp?storyid=470|accessdate=9 August 2013}}</ref> It was identified as a potential bird sanctuary in late 1980s. The first systematic ornithological surveys in the area was conducted by noted conservationist Dr Anwaruddin Choudhury in 1987–88.<ref name="Cheetal">{{cite journal|title=Choudhury, A.U. (1988). Some rare ornithological records from Sibsagar, Assam | journal=Cheetal 29(2): 3–9}}</ref> Pani-Dihing is a complex of grassland and wetland. Some of the wetlands including channels or beels include Tokia, Jarjaria, Boloma, Dighali, Singorajan, Sagunpora, Kandhulijan, Fulai and Gaiguma. A detailed background of Pani-Dihing has also been published.<ref>Choudhury, A.U. (2003). My days in Pani-Dihing and other Sivasagar wetlands. Pakhitirtha (Souvenir- Bird Festival). Pp. 14–18</ref> Pani-Dihing and adjacent areas is on the global map being an Important Bird & Biodiversity Area<ref>Rahmani et al. (2016) Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas of India. Vol. I. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai and BirdLife International (UK)</ref> | ||
==Climate== | ==Climate== | ||
The climate of the area is tropical monsoon and annual temperature ranges between 7-38 | The climate of the area is tropical monsoon and annual temperature ranges between {{Convert|7-38|C}} annually. Annual rainfall is approximately 2400–3200 mm with a relative humidity of 65–85%.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} | ||
== Rivers == | == Rivers == | ||
| Line 34: | Line 37: | ||
== Fauna == | == Fauna == | ||
As many as 267 species of birds including 70 species of migratory birds have been identified and recorded at Pani Dihing.<ref name="telegraphindia">{{cite news|title=Plan to rid reserve of cattle, poachers|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100928/jsp/northeast/story_12985828.jsp|accessdate=9 August 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=28 September 2010}}</ref> Some notable birds seen here are [[bar-headed goose]], [[greylag goose]], [[Indian spot-billed duck]], mallard, [[gadwall]], [[wigeon]], [[garganey]], [[shoveller]], [[red-crested pochard]], [[common pochard]], [[ferruginous duck]], [[greater adjutant stork]], [[Lesser adjutant|lesser adjutant stork]], [[open-bill stork]], [[white-necked stork]], [[glossy ibis]], [[grey plover]], [[Hmalayan griffon vulture|Himalayan griffon]] and [[white-rumped vulture]]<ref name="Forktail">{{cite journal|title=Choudhury, A.U. 1991. Bird observations from Sibsagar district, Assam, India|journal=Forktail 6 | As many as 267 species of birds including 70 species of migratory birds have been identified and recorded at Pani Dihing.<ref name="telegraphindia">{{cite news|title=Plan to rid reserve of cattle, poachers|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100928/jsp/northeast/story_12985828.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005000311/http://telegraphindia.com/1100928/jsp/northeast/story_12985828.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 October 2010|accessdate=9 August 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=28 September 2010}}</ref> Some notable birds seen here are [[bar-headed goose]], [[greylag goose]], [[Indian spot-billed duck]], mallard, [[gadwall]], [[wigeon]], [[garganey]], [[shoveller]], [[red-crested pochard]], [[common pochard]], [[ferruginous duck]], [[greater adjutant stork]], [[Lesser adjutant|lesser adjutant stork]], [[open-bill stork]], [[white-necked stork]], [[glossy ibis]], [[grey plover]], [[Hmalayan griffon vulture|Himalayan griffon]] and [[white-rumped vulture]]<ref name="Forktail">{{cite journal|title=Choudhury, A.U. 1991. Bird observations from Sibsagar district, Assam, India|journal=Forktail |volume=6 |pages=35–42}}</ref> Assam's first record of [[bank myna]] was from Pani-Dihing.<ref>Choudhury, A.U. (2000). The birds of Assam. Gibbon Books & WWF-India, Guwahati. Pp. 240.</ref> Among mammals, there were past records of [[great Indian one-horned rhinoceros]] and [[tiger]]. [[Wild elephants]], [[hog deer]], [[rhesus monkey]] and [[otters]].<ref>Choudhury, A.U. (2013). The mammals of North East India. Gibbon Books & Rhino Foundation with support from COA, Taiwan. Pp. 432.</ref> | ||
== Threats == | == Threats == | ||
Although an important birding area supporting a very large population of birds, Pani-Dihing has suffered on account of poaching, grazing of cattle and fishing within the sanctuary premises.<ref name="telegraphindia" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Beastly tales from Panidihing - Poachers, villagers poison birds in Sivasagar sanctuary for meat|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021106/asp/northeast/story_1357584.asp|accessdate=9 August 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=6 November 2002}}</ref> | Although an important birding area supporting a very large population of birds, Pani-Dihing has suffered on account of poaching, grazing of cattle and fishing within the sanctuary premises.<ref name="telegraphindia" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Beastly tales from Panidihing - Poachers, villagers poison birds in Sivasagar sanctuary for meat|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021106/asp/northeast/story_1357584.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029205055/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1021106/asp/northeast/story_1357584.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 October 2013|accessdate=9 August 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=6 November 2002}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:23, 24 February 2026
| Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary | |
|---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
  Location of Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary in Assam  Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary (India) | |
| Location | Sivasagar district, Assam, India |
| Nearest city | Sivasagar |
| Coordinates | 27°7′19″N 94°35′47″E / 27.12194°N 94.59639°E[1] |
| Area | 33.93 km2 (13.10 sq mi) |
| Established | 1996 |
| Governing body | Department of Environment & Forests, Assam |
Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary (Assamese: পানী দিহিং অভয়াৰণ্য) is a 33.93-square-kilometre (13.10 sq mi) bird sanctuary located in Sivasagar district, Assam. It is 22 km (14 mi) away from Sivasagar town.[2] This protected area was established as a Bird Sanctuary in August 1996 by the Government of Assam.[3] It was identified as a potential bird sanctuary in late 1980s. The first systematic ornithological surveys in the area was conducted by noted conservationist Dr Anwaruddin Choudhury in 1987–88.[4] Pani-Dihing is a complex of grassland and wetland. Some of the wetlands including channels or beels include Tokia, Jarjaria, Boloma, Dighali, Singorajan, Sagunpora, Kandhulijan, Fulai and Gaiguma. A detailed background of Pani-Dihing has also been published.[5] Pani-Dihing and adjacent areas is on the global map being an Important Bird & Biodiversity Area[6]
Climate[edit | edit source]
The climate of the area is tropical monsoon and annual temperature ranges between 7–38 °C (45–100 °F) annually. Annual rainfall is approximately 2400–3200 mm with a relative humidity of 65–85%.[citation needed]
Rivers[edit | edit source]
The sanctuary is bordered by the Brahmaputra and the Disang rivers in the north west and south respectively.[3]
Fauna[edit | edit source]
As many as 267 species of birds including 70 species of migratory birds have been identified and recorded at Pani Dihing.[7] Some notable birds seen here are bar-headed goose, greylag goose, Indian spot-billed duck, mallard, gadwall, wigeon, garganey, shoveller, red-crested pochard, common pochard, ferruginous duck, greater adjutant stork, lesser adjutant stork, open-bill stork, white-necked stork, glossy ibis, grey plover, Himalayan griffon and white-rumped vulture[8] Assam's first record of bank myna was from Pani-Dihing.[9] Among mammals, there were past records of great Indian one-horned rhinoceros and tiger. Wild elephants, hog deer, rhesus monkey and otters.[10]
Threats[edit | edit source]
Although an important birding area supporting a very large population of birds, Pani-Dihing has suffered on account of poaching, grazing of cattle and fishing within the sanctuary premises.[7][11]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Pani-Dihing Bird Sanctuary". Wikimapia.org. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ↑ "Department of Environment & Forests (Government of Assam)". online.assam.gov.in. Archived from the original on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Panidihing–A Paradise of Birds North east diary". Yojana. August 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
- ↑ "Choudhury, A.U. (1988). Some rare ornithological records from Sibsagar, Assam". Cheetal 29(2): 3–9.
- ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (2003). My days in Pani-Dihing and other Sivasagar wetlands. Pakhitirtha (Souvenir- Bird Festival). Pp. 14–18
- ↑ Rahmani et al. (2016) Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas of India. Vol. I. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai and BirdLife International (UK)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Plan to rid reserve of cattle, poachers". The Telegraph. 28 September 2010. Archived from the original on 5 October 2010. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
- ↑ "Choudhury, A.U. 1991. Bird observations from Sibsagar district, Assam, India". Forktail. 6: 35–42.
- ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (2000). The birds of Assam. Gibbon Books & WWF-India, Guwahati. Pp. 240.
- ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (2013). The mammals of North East India. Gibbon Books & Rhino Foundation with support from COA, Taiwan. Pp. 432.
- ↑ "Beastly tales from Panidihing - Poachers, villagers poison birds in Sivasagar sanctuary for meat". The Telegraph. 6 November 2002. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary at assaminfo.com.
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