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| {{Short description|Marriages between Rajputs and Mughals}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Political marriages in India]] |
| After the mid-16th century, many [[Rajput]] rulers formed close ties with the Mughal emperors and served them in various capacities.<ref>{{cite book |last=Richards |first=John F. |title=The Mughal Empire |url=https://archive.org/details/newcambridgehist00rich |date=1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-25119-8 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/newcambridgehist00rich/page/n37 22]–24}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Bhadani |first=B. L. |title=The Profile of Akbar in Contemporary Literature |journal=Social Scientist |date=1992 |volume=20 |issue=9/10 |pages=48–53 |doi=10.2307/3517716 |jstor=3517716 }}</ref> It was because of the Rajputs that Akbar was not able to make complete [[Mughal Empire]] in [[India]].<ref name="Chaurasia">{{cite book |last=Chaurasia |first=Radhey Shyam |title=History of Medieval India: From 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D|date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-269-0123-4 |pages=272–273}}</ref> The Rajput nobles had their daughters married to the Mughal emperors and their princes and also Mughals married there daughter to Rajput kings for political purposes.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EFI7tr9XK6EC&pg=PA656 |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History |publisher=Oxford University Press |first=Bonnie G. |last=Smith |year=2008 |page=656 |isbn=978-0-19-514890-9 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902071624/https://books.google.com/books?id=EFI7tr9XK6EC |archivedate=2016-09-02|accessdate=2 September 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC&pg=PA23 |title=The Mughal Empire |publisher=Cambridge University Press |first=John F. |last=Richards |year=1995 |page=23 |isbn=978-0-521-56603-2|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616131316/https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC|archivedate=2020-06-16 |accessdate=16 June 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B8NJ41GiXvsC&pg=PA174 |title=Domesticity and Power in the Early Mughal World |publisher=Cambridge University Press |first=Ruby |last=Lal |year=2005 |page=174 |isbn=978-0-521-85022-3}}</ref> For example, [[Akbar]] performed 40 marriages for himself and for his sons and grandsons, of which 17 were Rajput-Mughal alliances.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I5upAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT176 |title=Interrogating International Relations: India's Strategic Practice and the Return of History War and International Politics in South Asia |publisher=Routledge |first=Jayashree |last=Vivekanandan |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-136-70385-0}}</ref> The successors of the Mughal emperor Akbar, the mothers of his son [[Jahangir]] and grandson Shah Jahan were Rajputs.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hansen|first1=Waldemar|title=The peacock throne : the drama of Mogul India|date=1972|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|location=Delhi|isbn=978-81-208-0225-4|pages=12, 34|edition=1. Indian ed., repr.}}</ref> The [[Sisodia]] Rajput family of [[Mewar]] made it an honor not to enter into matrimonial relations with the Mughals, and thus stood in contrast to all other [[Rajput clans]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Barbara N. |last=Ramusack |author-link=Barbara Ramusack |title=The Indian Princes and their States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&pg=PA18 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=9781139449083 |pages=18–19}}</ref> After this time, the marital relations between the Rajputs and the Mughals declined somewhat.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chandra|first1=Satish|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part-II|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rm9MC4DDrcC&dq=satish+chandra+rajput+mughal+marriage&pg=PA124|date=2007|publisher=Har Anand Publications|page=124|isbn=9788124110669|access-date=11 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223092741/https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rm9MC4DDrcC#v=onepage|archive-date=23 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Akbar's relations with the Rajputs began when he returned in 1561 from a visit by the Chisti Sufi Shaikh of Sikri, west of [[Agra]]. Then many Rajput princesses married Akbar.<ref>{{cite book | first= Anthony Reid | last= David O. Morgan | year= 2010 | title= The New Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 3, The Eastern Islamic World, Eleventh to Eighteenth Centuries | page= 213 | publisher= Taylor and Francis | isbn= 9781316184363 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ANiaBAAAQBAJ&dq=rajput+cambridge&pg=PT437 | access-date= 2022-04-01 | archive-date= 2021-01-30 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210130213935/https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_New_Cambridge_History_of_Islam_Volum/ANiaBAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=rajput+cambridge&pg=PT437&printsec=frontcover | url-status= live }}</ref>
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| ==List of Rajput-Mughal matrimonial relations==
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| *In February 1562, [[Akbar]] married [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]], daughter of Raja [[Bharmal]] ([[Kachhwaha|Kachwaha]]-[[Jaipur State|Amber]]).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mukherjee |first=Soma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-2TyjzZhZEC&dq=jodha+bai&pg=PA128 |title=Royal Mughal Ladies and Their Contributions |date=2001 |publisher=Gyan Books |isbn=978-81-212-0760-7 |language=en |access-date=2022-04-15 |archive-date=2022-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831115751/https://books.google.com/books?id=v-2TyjzZhZEC&dq=jodha+bai&pg=PA128 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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| *In 1562, Akbar married the granddaughter of Rao Viramde. ([[Rathore]]-[[Merta City|Merta]])<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan|volume=II|pages=366–367}}</ref>
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| *On 15 November 1570, Rai Kalyan Singh married his niece, Raj Kunwari, to Akbar ([[Rathore]]-[[Bikaner State|Bikaner]]) <ref name=":R">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dShuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Raj+kanwari%22+|title=A Persian historiography in India|year=2003|pages=78–79|isbn=9788173915376|access-date=2022-07-15|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318225245/https://books.google.com/books?id=dShuAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Raj+kanwari%22+|url-status=live |last1=Waseem |first1=Shah Mohammad }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abu'l|title=Akbarnama|volume=II|pages=518}}</ref>
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| *In 1570, Akbar married Bhanumati, another niece of Rai Kalyan Singh ([[Rathore]]-[[Bikaner State|Bikaner]]) <ref name=":R"/>
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| *In 1570, Puram Bai, a great-granddaughter of Rao Viramde was married to Akbar. ([[Rathore]]-[[Merta City|Merta]]) <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan|volume=I|pages=4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan|volume=II|pages=362}}</ref>
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| *In 1570, Maharawal Harraj Singh married his daughter Princess Nathi Bai to Akbar ([[Bhati]]-[[Jaisalmer State|Jaisalmer]]).<ref>{{cite book |first=Rajvi Amar |last=Singh |title=Mediaeval History of Rajasthan: Western Rajasthan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AZIMAQAAMAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |year=1992 |publisher=Rajvi Amar Singh, 1992 |page=1166 |access-date=2022-04-15 |archive-date=2022-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831115746/https://books.google.com/books?id=AZIMAQAAMAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Rima |last=Hooja |title=A History of Rajasthan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |year=2006 |publisher=Rupa & Company, 2006 |isbn=9788129108906 |pages=548–552 |access-date=2022-04-15 |archive-date=2022-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831115745/https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Journal of Indian History, Volume 46 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWpDAAAAYAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |year=1968 |publisher=Department of Modern Indian History, 1968 |page=32 |access-date=2022-04-15 |archive-date=2022-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831115748/https://books.google.com/books?id=kWpDAAAAYAAJ&q=Nathi+Bai |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abu'l|title=Akbarnama|volume=II|pages=283}}</ref>
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| *In 1573, the marriage of [[Akbar]] to the daughter of Raja Jaichand of Nagarkot ([[Nagarkot]]){{cn|date=April 2022}}
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| *On March 1577, the marriage of [[Akbar]] to the daughter of the Rawal Askaran took place([[Gahlot|Gehlot]]-[[Dungarpur State|Dungarpur]])<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abu'l|title=Akbarnama|volume=II|pages=287}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abu'l|title=Akbarnama|volume=II|pages=295}}</ref>
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| *In 1581, Keshavdas married his daughter to Akbar ([[Rathore]]-Morta)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVlLAAAAYAAJ|page=237|title=The Idea of Rajasthan: Institutions|year=1994|place= India|publisher= Manohar Publishers & Distributors.|isbn=9788185425849 |access-date=2023-03-18|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318225859/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=FVlLAAAAYAAJ&q=|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| *Akbar also married Rukmavati, daughter of [[Maldev Rathore|Rao Maldeo]]. ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|author-link=Satish Chandra (historian)|title=Mughal Religious Policies, the Rajputs & the Deccan|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.119462/page/n24/mode/1up|year=1993|publisher=Vikas Publishing House|location=New Delhi, India|isbn=978-0-7069-6385-4|pages=17–18}}</ref>
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| *On 16 February 1585, Prince Salim ([[Jahangir]]) was married to Princess [[Shah Begum (wife of Jahangir)|Man Bai]], the daughter of [[Bhagwant Das]] ([[Kachhwaha|Kachwaha]]-[[Jaipur State|Amber]])
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| *On 11 January 1586, the marriage of Prince Salim ([[Jahangir]]) to Princess [[Manavati Bai]], the daughter of Mota Raja [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Udai Singh]] took place ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])
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| *On 26 June 1586, Prince Salim was married to daughter of Raja Rai Singh. ([[Rathore]]-[[Bikaner State|Bikaner]])<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abul|title=The Akbarnama|publisher=ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL|volume=III|location=Calcutta|pages=748|translator-last=Beveridge|translator-first=Henry}}</ref>
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| *In 1587, Prince Salim married, [[Malika Jahan]], daughter of Maharawal Bhim Singh. ([[Bhati]]-[[Jaisalmer State|Jaisalmer]])
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| *Prince Salim married Karamsi, daughter of Kesho Das. ([[Rathore]]-[[Bikaner State|Bikaner]])<ref>{{Cite book|title=Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan Vol II|pages=361}}</ref>
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| *On 12 October 1595, the marriage of Daniyal to Raimal's daughter took place. ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fazl|first=Abu'l|title=Akbarnama|volume=III|pages=283}}</ref>
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| *On 17 June 1608, [[Jahangir]] married the daughter of Jagat Singh. ([[Kachhwaha|Kachwaha]]-[[Jaipur State|Amber]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|publisher=Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution & Oxford University Press|year=1999|location=Washington, D. C. & New York|pages=95|translator-last=Thackston|translator-first=Wheeler Mclntosh}}</ref>
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| *On January 1610, Jahangir married the daughter of Ram Chandra Bundela ([[Bundela]]-[[Orchha]])<ref>{{cite book|title=The Jahangirnama: memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|publisher=Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution & Oxford University Press|year=1999|location=Washington, D. C. & New York|pages=104|translator-last=Thackston|translator-first=Wheeler Mclntosh}}</ref>
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| *On 21 February 1613, Jahangir married his daughter Sultan Begum to Vikramaditya of Mewar<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jadunath |title=The History of the Mughals |publisher=M.C. Sarkar and Sons |year=1917 |isbn= |edition= |location=Calcutta |pages=265 |language=English}}</ref>
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| *On April 1624, the marriage of Prince Parvez to Princess Manbhavati Bai, the sister of [[Gaj Singh of Marwar|Maharaja Gaj Singh]] ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])<ref>{{cite book|first1=Emperor |last1=Jahangir|first2=Wheeler McIntosh|last2=Thackston|title=The Jahangirnama : memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India|url=https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha |publisher=Washington, D. C.: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; New York: Oxford University Press|year=1999|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jahangirnamamemo00jaha/page/181 181], 418}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first1=Richard Davis|last1=Saran|first2=Norman Paul|last2=Ziegler|title=The Meṛtīyo Rāṭhoṛs of Meṛto, Rājasthān: Translations and notes with appendices, glossary, introductory material and indexes|publisher=University of Michigan, Centers for South and Southeast Asian Studies|year=2001|pages=18|isbn=978-0-891-48085-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan; Volume II|pages=51}}</ref>
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| *February 21, 1632, Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal, married his daughter Princess Jahanara Begum to Shahryar, the younger son of Rajput King Raja Chhatrasal of Bundelkhand.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillotson |first=G.H.R. |title=The History of Mewar |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1984 |isbn= |edition=1st |location=New Delhi |pages=227–229 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *Prince Khurram ([[Shah Jahan]]) married Lilavati Bai, daughter of Sakat Singh ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Mertiyo Rathors of Merta, Rajasthan|volume=II|pages=45}}</ref>
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| *In 1654, the marriage of the daughter of [[Amar Singh Rathore|Rao Amar Singh]] to Prince [[Sulaiman Shikoh|Suleiman Shikoh]] ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])<ref>{{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Inayat |title=The Shah Jahan Nama of 'Inayat Khan |pages=497}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Kobita |title=Shah Jahan and His Paradise on Earth |pages=164}}</ref>
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| *On December 1659, Aurangzeb married his daughter Zeb-un-Nissa to Prince Suleiman Shikoh, the eldest son of Rajput King Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Marwar<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lal |first=Ruby |title=The Mughal Harem: Women and the Culture of Empire |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |location=New York |pages=197–201 |language=en}}</ref>
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| *In 1671, marriage of Mohammad Muazzam ([[Bahadur Shah I]]) to Princess Amrita Bai, the daughter of Maharaja Roop Singh Rathore of [[Kishangarh]] took place ([[Rathore]]-[[Kishangarh State|Kishangarh]])<ref name="irv">{{Cite book|title=Later Mughals|last1=Irvine|first1=William|year=1991|orig-year=First published 1921|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distributors|page=141|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC&pg=PA141|access-date=2022-07-15|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318225245/https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC&pg=PA141|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| *On 5 July 1678, [[Azim-ush-Shan]] was married to Bai Jas Kaur, Kirat Singh's daughter, the son of Raja [[Jai Singh II|Jai Singh]] (Kachwaha-Amber)<ref>{{cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=Maasir-i-Alamgiri: A History of Emperor Aurangzib-Alamgir (reign 1658-1707 AD) of Saqi Mustad Khan|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta|year=1947|pages=209}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Later Mughals|last1=Irvine|first1=William|year=1991|orig-year=First published 1921|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distributors|page=209|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC&pg=PA141|access-date=2022-07-15|archive-date=2023-03-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318225245/https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC&pg=PA141|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| *30 July 1681, [[Aurangzeb]]'s son Kaam Baksh was married to Amarchand's daughter ([[Shekhawat]]-[[Monoharpur|Manoharpur]]).{{cn|date=April 2022}}
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| *[[Jahandar Shah]] was married to a Rajput Princess, Anup Bai.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lal|first=Muni|title=Mini Mughals|pages=67}}</ref>
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| *On 27 September 1715, [[Farrukhsiyar]] married the daughter of [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Maharaja Ajit Singh]], Princess [[Indira Kanwar]] ([[Rathore]]-[[Jodhpur State|Marwar]])
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| [[Category:Rajputs]]
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| [[Category:Rajput history]]
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