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{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}} | {{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}} | ||
{{Infobox dam | {{Infobox dam | ||
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| name_official = Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant | | name_official = Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant | ||
| image = File:Damsite of Karcham Wangtoo Project at Karcham, Kinnaur.jpg | | image = File:Damsite of Karcham Wangtoo Project at Karcham, Kinnaur.jpg | ||
| image_size = | | image_size = | ||
| image_caption = | | image_caption = | ||
| image_alt = | | image_alt = | ||
| location_map = India#India Himachal Pradesh | | location_map = India#India Himachal Pradesh | ||
| location_map_size = | | location_map_size = | ||
| location_map_caption = | | location_map_caption = | ||
| coordinates = {{coord|31|32|35.53|N|78|00|54.80|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|31|32|35.53|N|78|00|54.80|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | ||
| country = | | country = | ||
| location = | | location = | ||
| status = O | | status = O | ||
| construction_began = 2005 | | construction_began = 2005 | ||
| opening = 2011 | | opening = 2011 | ||
| demolished = | | demolished = | ||
| cost = [[Indian rupee|Rs.]] 7,150 crore ($687 million | | cost = [[Indian rupee|Rs.]] 7,150 crore ($687 million USD 2011) | ||
| owner = [[JSW Group]] | | owner = [[JSW Group]] | ||
| dam_type = [[Gravity dam]] | | dam_type = [[Gravity dam]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
| dam_height_foundation= | | dam_height_foundation= | ||
| dam_length = {{Convert|177.8|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | | dam_length = {{Convert|177.8|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | ||
| dam_width_crest = | | dam_width_crest = | ||
| dam_width_base = | | dam_width_base = | ||
| dam_volume = | | dam_volume = | ||
| dam_elevation_crest ={{Convert|1813|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | | dam_elevation_crest ={{Convert|1813|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | ||
| dam_crosses = [[Sutlej River]] | | dam_crosses = [[Sutlej River]] | ||
| spillway_count = | | spillway_count = | ||
| spillway_type = | | spillway_type = | ||
| spillway_capacity = | | spillway_capacity = | ||
| res_name = | | res_name = | ||
| res_capacity_total = | | res_capacity_total = | ||
| res_capacity_active = | | res_capacity_active = | ||
| res_capacity_inactive= | | res_capacity_inactive= | ||
| res_catchment = | | res_catchment = | ||
| res_surface = {{Convert|588|m2|acre|0|abbr=on}} | | res_surface = {{Convert|588|m2|acre|0|abbr=on}} | ||
| res_elevation ={{Convert|1810|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | | res_elevation ={{Convert|1810|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | ||
| res_max_depth = | | res_max_depth = | ||
| res_max_length = | | res_max_length = | ||
| res_max_width = | | res_max_width = | ||
| plant_hydraulic_head = {{Convert|298|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} (gross) | | plant_hydraulic_head = {{Convert|298|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} (gross) | ||
| res_tidal_range = | | res_tidal_range = | ||
| plant_operator = | | plant_operator = | ||
| plant_commission = 2011 | | plant_commission = 2011 | ||
| plant_decommission = | | plant_decommission = | ||
| plant_type = | | plant_type = | ||
| plant_turbines = 4 x 250 [[megawatt|MW]] [[Francis-type]] | | plant_turbines = 4 x 250 [[megawatt|MW]] [[Francis-type]] | ||
| plant_capacity = 1,000 MW | | plant_capacity = 1,000 MW | ||
| plant_annual_gen = 4,560 GWh est.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in India - Himachal Pradesh|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-india-him-pradesh.htm|publisher=IndustCards|accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref> | | plant_annual_gen = 4,560 GWh est.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in India - Himachal Pradesh|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-india-him-pradesh.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126055627/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-india-him-pradesh.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=26 January 2013|publisher=IndustCards|accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref> | ||
| website = | | website = | ||
| extra = | | extra = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant''' is a {{convert| | |||
The '''Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant''' is a {{convert|1091|MW}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/cea-restricts-capacity-of-jp-hydro-plant-sold-to-jsw-115042200973_1.html|title=CEA restricts capacity of JP hydro plant sold to JSW|last=Jai|first=Shreya|access-date=2016-05-28}}</ref> [[run-of-the-river]] [[hydroelectric]] [[power station]] on the [[Sutlej River]] in [[Kinnaur district]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]] state of India.<ref name=UNCDM/> | |||
==Etymology== | |||
The dam and power station are located between the villages of [[Karcham]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation. --> and [[Wangtoo]]<!-- As per wikipedia guidelines, retain the redlink to encourage article creation. --> where the plant also gains its name.<ref name=UNCDM/> | |||
==History== | |||
In 1993, and after years of delays, the Jaypee Karcham Hydro Corporation Limited of [[JSW Group|Jaypee Group]] signed a memorandum of understanding to develop the dam. On 18 November 2005, the construction on the power station began.<ref name=UNCDM>{{cite web|title=Hydroelectric Project in Kinnaur District in Himachal Pradesh|url=http://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/0/2/Y/02YB5GD8L9HS3MERIOFAVTJNQU14K7/4993%20PDD.pdf?t=dHN8bW9jeG1hfDAMug_zpK_9b5wrkwItMhUY|publisher=UN Clean Development Mechanism|accessdate=14 June 2013}}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In 2015, Jaypee Group sold out Karcham Wangtoo Project to [[JSW Group]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/JSW-Energy-buys-JP-Powers-2-hydro-projects-for-Rs-9700-crore/articleshow/48871298.cms|title=JSW Energy buys JP Power's 2 hydro projects for Rs 9,700 crore - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=8 September 2015 |access-date=2016-05-28}}</ref> | |||
In May 2011, the first generator was commissioned, the second in June and the final two in September.<ref>{{cite web|title=Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Project|url=http://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/42131|publisher=Global Energy Observatory|accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref> | |||
==Technical details== | |||
The {{Convert|98|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} tall dam at Karcham ({{Coord|31|30|00.26|N|78|10|39.54|E|name=Karcham Dam}}) diverts a substantial portion of the Sutlej into a {{Convert|10.48|m|ft|abbr=on}} diameter and {{Convert|17.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} long headrace tunnel to the underground power station downstream at Wangtoo. At the station, the water powers four 250 MW [[Francis turbine]]-generators before it is sent back into the Sutlej via a {{Convert|1.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} long tailrace tunnel. The difference in elevation between the dam and the power station affords a gross [[hydraulic head]] of {{Convert|298|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. Water not diverted by the dam is sent over the [[spillway]] and down the normal course of the river. The main spillway is along the crest of the dam and is controlled by six [[radial gate]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jaypee Karcham Hydro Corporation Limited|url=http://www.jalindia.com/underexec_karcham.htm|publisher=Jalindia|accessdate=14 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401142922/http://www.jalindia.com/underexec_karcham.htm|archive-date=1 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> | |||
Just upstream of the dam is the 300 MW Baspa II Hydroelectric Plant and downstream of the Karcham Wangtoo is the 1,500 MW [[Nathpa Jhakri Dam]].<ref name=UNCDM/> | |||
==Transport== | |||
[[Harshil#Karcham|Karcham-Harshil Road]], from Karcham [[National Highway 5 (India)|NH-5]] to Harshil,<ref name="nr1"/> with a road tunnel under the [[Lamkhaga Pass]],<ref>[https://www.dailypioneer.com/2020/vivacity/one-step-closer.html One step closer], Daily Pioneer, 8 October 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.business-standard.com/external-affairs-defence-security/news/bro-plans-tunnels-to-ensure-all-weather-connectivity-in-eastern-ladakh-125080200925_1.html. BRO plans tunnels to ensure all-weather connectivity in eastern Ladakh], Business Standard, 2 August 2025.</ref> is under construction which will cut down present 450 km long distance, which take nearly 16 hours, to just nearly 150 km or 2 to 3 hours.<ref name="nr1">{{Cite web |last=Dutta |first=Amrita Nayak |date=2020-09-15 |title=Modi govt's infra push along China border — 2 new roads, alternate route to Daulat Beg Oldie |url=https://theprint.in/defence/modi-govts-infra-push-along-china-border-2-new-roads-alternate-route-to-daulat-beg-oldie/502013/ |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2024, BRO began constructing 40-km long Kharcham-[[Sangla, India|Sangla]]-[[Chitkul]] section of Karcham-Harshil Road.<ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/himachal-bro-to-build-karcham-chitkul-road-along-china-border-101721039491538.html Himachal: BRO to build Karcham-Chitkul road along China border], Hindustan Ties, 15 July 2024.</ref> | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Nathpa Jhakri Dam]] – situated downstream | |||
* [[Nathpa Jhakri Dam]] – situated downstream | |||
* [[Indus Water Treaty]] - includes Sutlej river | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 65: | Line 88: | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==External links== | |||
{{commons category|Karcham Wangtoo}} | |||
{{Hydrography of Himachal Pradesh}} | {{Hydrography of Himachal Pradesh}} | ||
{{Sutlej dams}} | {{Sutlej dams}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | |||
[[Category:Dams completed in 2011]] | [[Category:Dams completed in 2011]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:55, 29 September 2025
| Karcham Wangtoo Dam | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Location of Karcham Wangtoo Dam in India  Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant (Himachal Pradesh) | |
| Official name | Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant |
| Coordinates | 31°32′35.53″N 78°00′54.80″E / 31.5432028°N 78.0152222°E |
| Purpose | Power |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 2005 |
| Opening date | 2011 |
| Construction cost | Rs. 7,150 crore ($687 million USD 2011) |
| Owner(s) | JSW Group |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Gravity dam |
| Impounds | Sutlej River |
| Height | 98 m (322 ft) |
| Length | 177.8 m (583 ft) |
| Elevation at crest | 1,813 m (5,948 ft) |
| Reservoir | |
| Surface area | 588 m2 (0 acres) |
| Normal elevation | 1,810 m (5,938 ft) |
| Power Station | |
| Commission date | 2011 |
| Hydraulic head | 298 m (978 ft) (gross) |
| Turbines | 4 x 250 MW Francis-type |
| Installed capacity | 1,000 MW |
| Annual generation | 4,560 GWh est.[1] |
The Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant is a 1,091 megawatts (1,463,000 hp)[2] run-of-the-river hydroelectric power station on the Sutlej River in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh state of India.[3]
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The dam and power station are located between the villages of Karcham and Wangtoo where the plant also gains its name.[3]
History[edit | edit source]
In 1993, and after years of delays, the Jaypee Karcham Hydro Corporation Limited of Jaypee Group signed a memorandum of understanding to develop the dam. On 18 November 2005, the construction on the power station began.[3] In 2015, Jaypee Group sold out Karcham Wangtoo Project to JSW Group.[4]
In May 2011, the first generator was commissioned, the second in June and the final two in September.[5]
Technical details[edit | edit source]
The 98 m (322 ft) tall dam at Karcham (31°30′00.26″N 78°10′39.54″E / 31.5000722°N 78.1776500°E) diverts a substantial portion of the Sutlej into a 10.48 m (34.4 ft) diameter and 17.2 km (10.7 mi) long headrace tunnel to the underground power station downstream at Wangtoo. At the station, the water powers four 250 MW Francis turbine-generators before it is sent back into the Sutlej via a 1.2 km (0.75 mi) long tailrace tunnel. The difference in elevation between the dam and the power station affords a gross hydraulic head of 298 m (978 ft). Water not diverted by the dam is sent over the spillway and down the normal course of the river. The main spillway is along the crest of the dam and is controlled by six radial gates.[6]
Just upstream of the dam is the 300 MW Baspa II Hydroelectric Plant and downstream of the Karcham Wangtoo is the 1,500 MW Nathpa Jhakri Dam.[3]
Transport[edit | edit source]
Karcham-Harshil Road, from Karcham NH-5 to Harshil,[7] with a road tunnel under the Lamkhaga Pass,[8][9] is under construction which will cut down present 450 km long distance, which take nearly 16 hours, to just nearly 150 km or 2 to 3 hours.[7] In 2024, BRO began constructing 40-km long Kharcham-Sangla-Chitkul section of Karcham-Harshil Road.[10]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Nathpa Jhakri Dam – situated downstream
- Indus Water Treaty - includes Sutlej river
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Hydroelectric Power Plants in India - Himachal Pradesh". IndustCards. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ Jai, Shreya. "CEA restricts capacity of JP hydro plant sold to JSW". Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Hydroelectric Project in Kinnaur District in Himachal Pradesh" (PDF). UN Clean Development Mechanism. Retrieved 14 June 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "JSW Energy buys JP Power's 2 hydro projects for Rs 9,700 crore - Times of India". The Times of India. 8 September 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
- ↑ "Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Project". Global Energy Observatory. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ "Jaypee Karcham Hydro Corporation Limited". Jalindia. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dutta, Amrita Nayak (15 September 2020). "Modi govt's infra push along China border — 2 new roads, alternate route to Daulat Beg Oldie". ThePrint. Retrieved 9 July 2025.
- ↑ One step closer, Daily Pioneer, 8 October 2020.
- ↑ BRO plans tunnels to ensure all-weather connectivity in eastern Ladakh, Business Standard, 2 August 2025.
- ↑ Himachal: BRO to build Karcham-Chitkul road along China border, Hindustan Ties, 15 July 2024.
External links[edit | edit source]
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