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| name = Komal Gandhar <br />(A Soft Note on a Sharp Scale) | | name = Komal Gandhar <br />(A Soft Note on a Sharp Scale) | ||
| image = Komal Gandhar DVD cover.jpg | | image = Komal Gandhar DVD cover.jpg | ||
| alt = Komal Gandhar DVD cover | | alt = Komal Gandhar DVD cover | ||
| caption = Poster | |||
| caption = | |||
| director = [[Ritwik Ghatak]] | | director = [[Ritwik Ghatak]] | ||
| writer = | | writer = | ||
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| studio = | | studio = | ||
| distributor = | | distributor = | ||
| released = 31 | | released = {{Film date|1961|03|31|df=y}} | ||
| runtime = | | runtime = | ||
| country = [[India]] | | country = [[India]] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''''Komal Gandhar''''' ({{ | '''''Komal Gandhar''''' ({{langx|bn|কোমল গান্ধার}} ''Kōmal Gāndhār''),<ref name="Jain2009">{{cite book|author=Manju Jain|title=Narratives Of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ORE9TDOoU1IC&pg=PA81|access-date=8 July 2012|date=1 August 2009|publisher=Primus Books|isbn=978-81-908918-4-4|pages=81–}}</ref> also known as '''''A Soft Note on a Sharp Scale''''', is a 1961 [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali]] film<ref name="Burgoyne2009">{{cite book|author=Robert Burgoyne|title=The Epic Film|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Z9D1ShFrtkC&pg=PT394|access-date=8 July 2012|date=1 August 2009|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-99017-2|pages=394–}}</ref> written and directed by legendary film maker [[Ritwik Ghatak]].<ref name="E-Flat (1961)">{{cite web|title=E-Flat (1961)|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/152410/E-Flat/credits|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514084830/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/152410/E-Flat/credits|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 May 2013|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2013|access-date=3 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2420/stories/20071019507309300.htm |title=Jinxed legacy |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=2010-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606115549/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2420/stories/20071019507309300.htm |archive-date=6 June 2011 |url-status=usurped }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?231934 |title=Of Time And The River… |publisher=www.outlookindia.com |date=2006-07-21 |access-date=2010-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100214015451/http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?231934 |archive-date=14 February 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The title refers to the [[Hindustani classical music|Hindustani]] equivalent of "[[E♭ (musical note)|E-flat]]". It was part of the trilogy composed of ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (1960), Komal Gandhar and ''[[Subarnarekha (film)|Subarnarekha]]'' (1962), all dealing with the aftermath of the [[Partition of India]] in 1947 and the refugees coping with it, though this was the most optimistic film of his oeuvre.<ref>{{cite book |title=Global Art Cinema: New Theories and Histories|author=Rosalind Galt|author2=Karl Schoonover |publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-19-538562-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkmrQYWaYTYC&q=Komal+Gandhar+film&pg=PT431 }}</ref> The film explores three themes juxtaposed in the narrative: the dilemma of Anusuya, the lead character, the divided leadership of [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]], and the fallout from the partition of India.<ref>{{cite book |title=Ritwik Kumar Ghatak: a monograph|author= Haimanti Banerjee|publisher=National Film Archive of India |year=1985|isbn=81-201-0001-8 |pages=62–3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mmUeAQAAMAAJ&q=Komal+Gandhar }}</ref> | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The title was taken from the line of a poem<ref group=lower-alpha>Book: Punascha, poem: Komal–Gandhar; {{ | The film title was taken from the line of a poem<ref group=lower-alpha>Book: Punascha, poem: Komal–Gandhar; {{langx|bn|নাম রেখেছি কোমল গান্ধার, মনে মনে।}}</ref> by [[Rabindranath Tagore]] that meant a ''sur'' or note, [[E♭ (musical note)|E-flat]]. As in other films by Ghatak, music plays a pivotal role in the movie. | ||
Through the microcosmic perspectivising of a group of devoted and uncompromising [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] workers, Ghatak with his signature style touches on varied issues of [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|partition]], idealism, corruption, the interdependence of art and life, the scope of art, and class-struggle. Unlike his other films, this one runs along an upbeat mood with the lead pair of lovers (Vrigu and Anusua) being reunited. | Through the microcosmic perspectivising of a group of devoted and uncompromising [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]] workers, Ghatak with his signature style touches on varied issues of [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|partition]], idealism, corruption, the interdependence of art and life, the scope of art, and class-struggle. Unlike his other films, this one runs along an upbeat mood with the lead pair of lovers (Vrigu and Anusua) being reunited. | ||
==Cast== | ==Cast== | ||
* [[Supriya Devi]] as Anusuya | |||
* Abanish Bannerjee as Bhrigu | * Abanish Bannerjee as Bhrigu | ||
* [[Bijon Bhattacharya]] as Gagan | * [[Bijon Bhattacharya]] as Gagan | ||
| Line 45: | Line 44: | ||
* [[Gyanesh Mukherjee]] | * [[Gyanesh Mukherjee]] | ||
* Satyabrata Chattopadhyay | * Satyabrata Chattopadhyay | ||
* [[Gita Dey]] as Shanta | * [[Gita Dey]] as Shanta | ||
==Soundtrack== | ==Soundtrack== | ||
Music was by Jyotirindra Moitra, from [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]], and a noted [[Rabindra Sangeet]] exponent who had previously given music in Ghatak's ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (1960), and had song by singers like, [[Bijon Bhattacharya]], [[Debabrata Biswas]], [[Hemanga Biswas]]. [[Bahadur Khan]] played [[sarod]] in the soundtrack. The film is noted for its wedding songs and also [[contrapuntal]] use of sound.<ref>''Indian horizons'', Volume 44. [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]]., 1995. ''p. 127''.</ref> | Music was by Jyotirindra Moitra, from [[Indian People's Theatre Association|IPTA]], and a noted [[Rabindra Sangeet]] exponent who had previously given music in Ghatak's ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (1960), and had song by singers like, [[Bijon Bhattacharya]], [[Debabrata Biswas]], [[Hemanga Biswas]]. [[Bahadur Khan (musician)|Bahadur Khan]] played [[sarod]] in the soundtrack. The film is noted for its wedding songs and also [[contrapuntal]] use of sound.<ref>''Indian horizons'', Volume 44. [[Indian Council for Cultural Relations]]., 1995. ''p. 127''.</ref> | ||
== Screening of Komal Gandhar aka E-Flat in different festivals == | == Screening of Komal Gandhar aka E-Flat in different festivals == | ||
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{{Ritwik Ghatak}} | {{Ritwik Ghatak}} | ||
[[Category:1961 films]] | [[Category:1961 films]] | ||
[[Category:Indian films]] | [[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]] | ||
[[Category:Films directed by Ritwik Ghatak]] | [[Category:Films directed by Ritwik Ghatak]] | ||
[[Category:Films set in the partition of India]] | [[Category:Films set in the partition of India]] | ||
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]] | [[Category:Indian black-and-white films]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1961 Bengali-language films]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:12, 7 March 2026
| Komal Gandhar (A Soft Note on a Sharp Scale) | |
|---|---|
 Poster | |
| Directed by | Ritwik Ghatak |
| Produced by | Ritwik Ghatak |
| Screenplay by | Ritwik Ghatak |
| Music by | Jyotirindra Moitra Lyrics: Rabindranath Tagore |
| Cinematography | Dilip Ranjan Mukhopadhyay |
| Edited by | Ramesh Joshi |
Release date |
|
| Country | India |
| Language | Bengali |
Komal Gandhar (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist. Kōmal Gāndhār),[1] also known as A Soft Note on a Sharp Scale, is a 1961 Bengali film[2] written and directed by legendary film maker Ritwik Ghatak.[3][4][5] The title refers to the Hindustani equivalent of "E-flat". It was part of the trilogy composed of Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960), Komal Gandhar and Subarnarekha (1962), all dealing with the aftermath of the Partition of India in 1947 and the refugees coping with it, though this was the most optimistic film of his oeuvre.[6] The film explores three themes juxtaposed in the narrative: the dilemma of Anusuya, the lead character, the divided leadership of IPTA, and the fallout from the partition of India.[7]
Overview[edit | edit source]
The film title was taken from the line of a poem[lower-alpha 1] by Rabindranath Tagore that meant a sur or note, E-flat. As in other films by Ghatak, music plays a pivotal role in the movie.
Through the microcosmic perspectivising of a group of devoted and uncompromising IPTA workers, Ghatak with his signature style touches on varied issues of partition, idealism, corruption, the interdependence of art and life, the scope of art, and class-struggle. Unlike his other films, this one runs along an upbeat mood with the lead pair of lovers (Vrigu and Anusua) being reunited.
Cast[edit | edit source]
- Supriya Devi as Anusuya
- Abanish Bannerjee as Bhrigu
- Bijon Bhattacharya as Gagan
- Satindra Bhattacharya as Shibnath
- Debabrata Biswas
- Chitra Sen as Jaya
- Anil Chatterjee as Rishi
- Gyanesh Mukherjee
- Satyabrata Chattopadhyay
- Gita Dey as Shanta
Soundtrack[edit | edit source]
Music was by Jyotirindra Moitra, from IPTA, and a noted Rabindra Sangeet exponent who had previously given music in Ghatak's Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960), and had song by singers like, Bijon Bhattacharya, Debabrata Biswas, Hemanga Biswas. Bahadur Khan played sarod in the soundtrack. The film is noted for its wedding songs and also contrapuntal use of sound.[8]
Screening of Komal Gandhar aka E-Flat in different festivals[edit | edit source]
- 2017: Ritwik Ghatak Retrospective UK, at Dundee Contemporary Arts, Dundee, Scotland, UK, Programme curated by Sanghita Sen, Department of Film Studies, St Andrews University, UK [1]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Citation[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Manju Jain (1 August 2009). Narratives Of Indian Cinema. Primus Books. pp. 81–. ISBN 978-81-908918-4-4. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
- ↑ Robert Burgoyne (1 August 2009). The Epic Film. Taylor & Francis. pp. 394–. ISBN 978-0-415-99017-2. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
- ↑ "E-Flat (1961)". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. 2013. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
- ↑ "Jinxed legacy". Hinduonnet.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
- ↑ "Of Time And The River…". www.outlookindia.com. 21 July 2006. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
- ↑ Rosalind Galt; Karl Schoonover (2010). Global Art Cinema: New Theories and Histories. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-538562-5.
- ↑ Haimanti Banerjee (1985). Ritwik Kumar Ghatak: a monograph. National Film Archive of India. pp. 62–3. ISBN 81-201-0001-8.
- ↑ Indian horizons, Volume 44. Indian Council for Cultural Relations., 1995. p. 127.
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Book: Punascha, poem: Komal–Gandhar; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.