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{{short description|Title for the head of government of some countries' administrative divisions}} | {{short description|Title for the head of government of some countries' administrative divisions}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} | ||
{{Multiple issues| | |||
{{more citations needed|date=June 2014}} | {{more citations needed|date=June 2014}} | ||
{{Globalize|section|Commonwealth countries|date=March 2023}} | |||
}} | |||
{{Executive}} | {{Executive}} | ||
A '''chief minister''' is an [[Election|elected]] or appointed [[head of government]] of – in most instances – a [[sub-national entity]], for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a | A '''chief minister''' is an [[Election|elected]] or appointed [[head of government]] of – in most instances – a [[sub-national entity]], for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a [[union territory]]) in India; a territory of Australia;<ref>[https://nt.gov.au/about-government "About government"]. nt.gov.au. Retrieved on 16 March 2018.</ref> a province of Sri Lanka or Pakistan; a [[Provinces of Nepal|federal province]] in Nepal; an [[Autonomous regions of the Philippines|autonomous region]] of Philippines;<ref>Only in [[Bangsamoro]]</ref> or a [[British Overseas Territory]] that has attained self-governance. It is also used as the English version of the title given to the heads of [[government]]s of the [[Malay states]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Unfederated+Malay+States|title=Malay Stats|work=TheFreeDictionary.com |access-date=14 April 2009}}</ref> without a [[monarchy]]. | ||
The title is also used in the [[Crown Dependencies]] of the [[Isle of Man]] (since 1986), in [[Guernsey]] (since 2004), and in [[Jersey]] (since 2005). | The title is also used in the [[Crown Dependencies]] of the [[Isle of Man]] (since 1986), in [[Guernsey]] (since 2004), and in [[Jersey]] (since 2005). | ||
In 2018 [[Sierra Leone]], a [[presidential republic]], created the role of an appointed | In 2018, [[Sierra Leone]], a [[presidential republic]], created the role of an appointed chief minister, which is similar to a [[prime minister]] in a [[semi-presidential system]].<ref name="telegraph">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/controversy-over-appointment-of-chief-minister-of-sierra-leone/|title=Controversy over appointment of chief minister of Sierra Leone|first=Abdul Rashid|last=Thomas|date=2 May 2018}}</ref> Before that, only [[Milton Margai]] had the same position between 1954 and 1958.<ref>[http://unimak.edu.sl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Centre-of-Sierra-Leone-Studies-Politics.pdf ''Centre of Sierra Leone Studies – The politics of Sierra Leone.'' The University of Makeni.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126144517/http://unimak.edu.sl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Centre-of-Sierra-Leone-Studies-Politics.pdf |date=26 November 2019 }} Retrieved 15 May 2018.</ref> | ||
== | == Origin == | ||
It was used throughout history in various forms but most notable is the [[Grand vizier]]. The vizier was originally known as "''wazir''" and was used for the first as prime minister or chief minister role in [[Abbasid Caliphate]] later it was adopted by various sultanates and empires like [[Ottoman Empire]]. | |||
==Chief ministers around the world== | == Meaning and role == | ||
The title has a similar construction and role as a [[first minister]] or [[minister-president]] but usually with a lower rank. The role has context within the [[Westminster system]] of government where a constitutional [[head of state]] (usually sub-national) is [[Advice (constitutional)|advised]] by [[Minister (government)|ministers]] who usually head executive government departments ([[Ministry (government department)|ministries]]). A chief minister is understood to be "first among equals". They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their state, the [[chairman|chair]] of [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] and leader of the main governing [[political party]] in the [[legislature]].<ref name="NTchief">{{cite book |last1=Boland |first1=Angela |title=Cabinet Handbook |date=8 August 2017 |publisher=Northern Territory Government |page=5 |url=https://dcm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/252216/cabinet_handbook_august_2017.pdf |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320113700/https://dcm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/252216/cabinet_handbook_august_2017.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
== Chief ministers around the world == | |||
<!-- ordered by country --> | <!-- ordered by country --> | ||
* [[Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory]] | * [[Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory]] | ||
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* [[Chief Minister of Montserrat]] | * [[Chief Minister of Montserrat]] | ||
* [[Chief Ministers in Malaysia]] | * [[Chief Ministers in Malaysia]] | ||
* [[Chief minister (Nepal) | * [[Chief minister (Nepal)]] | ||
* [[Chief Minister (Pakistan)]] | * [[Chief Minister (Pakistan)]] | ||
* [[Chief Minister of Bangsamoro]] of the Philippines | * [[Chief Minister of Bangsamoro]] of the Philippines | ||
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* [[List of chief ministers of Galmudug]] (Somalia) | * [[List of chief ministers of Galmudug]] (Somalia) | ||
==Informal chief ministers== | == Informal chief ministers == | ||
* [[Chief minister of France]] | * [[Chief minister of France]] | ||
* [[List of English chief ministers|English chief ministers]] | * [[List of English chief ministers|English chief ministers]] | ||
==See also== | == See also == | ||
{{Wiktionary|chief minister}} | {{Wiktionary|chief minister}} | ||
* [[Constitutional monarchy]] | * [[Constitutional monarchy]] | ||
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* [[Parliamentary leader]] | * [[Parliamentary leader]] | ||
==References== | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | |||
{{Types of heads of government}} | {{Types of heads of government}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:55, 11 February 2026
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A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union territory) in India; a territory of Australia;[1] a province of Sri Lanka or Pakistan; a federal province in Nepal; an autonomous region of Philippines;[2] or a British Overseas Territory that has attained self-governance. It is also used as the English version of the title given to the heads of governments of the Malay states[3] without a monarchy.
The title is also used in the Crown Dependencies of the Isle of Man (since 1986), in Guernsey (since 2004), and in Jersey (since 2005).
In 2018, Sierra Leone, a presidential republic, created the role of an appointed chief minister, which is similar to a prime minister in a semi-presidential system.[4] Before that, only Milton Margai had the same position between 1954 and 1958.[5]
Origin[edit | edit source]
It was used throughout history in various forms but most notable is the Grand vizier. The vizier was originally known as "wazir" and was used for the first as prime minister or chief minister role in Abbasid Caliphate later it was adopted by various sultanates and empires like Ottoman Empire.
Meaning and role[edit | edit source]
The title has a similar construction and role as a first minister or minister-president but usually with a lower rank. The role has context within the Westminster system of government where a constitutional head of state (usually sub-national) is advised by ministers who usually head executive government departments (ministries). A chief minister is understood to be "first among equals". They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their state, the chair of cabinet and leader of the main governing political party in the legislature.[6]
Chief ministers around the world[edit | edit source]
- Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory
- Chief Minister of the Northern Territory of Australia
- Chief Minister of Burma
- Chief Minister of Guernsey
- Chief Minister of Gibraltar
- Chief Minister (India)
- Chief Minister of Jersey
- Chief Minister of the Isle of Man
- Chief Minister of Montserrat
- Chief Ministers in Malaysia
- Chief minister (Nepal)
- Chief Minister (Pakistan)
- Chief Minister of Bangsamoro of the Philippines
- Chief Minister of Saint Helena
- Chief Minister of Sierra Leone
- Chief Minister of Singapore
- Chief Ministers in Sri Lanka
- Chief Minister of Mandalay Region
- List of chief ministers of Galmudug (Somalia)
Informal chief ministers[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "About government". nt.gov.au. Retrieved on 16 March 2018.
- ↑ Only in Bangsamoro
- ↑ "Malay Stats". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 14 April 2009.
- ↑ Thomas, Abdul Rashid (2 May 2018). "Controversy over appointment of chief minister of Sierra Leone".
- ↑ Centre of Sierra Leone Studies – The politics of Sierra Leone. The University of Makeni. Archived 26 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 15 May 2018.
- ↑ Boland, Angela (8 August 2017). Cabinet Handbook (PDF). Northern Territory Government. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.